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So it doesn't really make sense at all. | Δεν βγάζει λοιπόν καθόλου νόημα. | en-el |
They found that there was no genetic differentiation between any of the world's oceans of basking sharks: even though they're found throughout the world, you couldn't tell the difference, genetically, from one from the Pacific, Atlantic, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa. | Descobriram que não havia diferenciação genética entre quaisquer dos tubarões-frade nos oceanos do mundo. Assim, ainda que tubarões-frade sejam encontrados em todo o mundo, você não poderia, geneticamente, diferenciar um do Pacífico, do Atlântico, da Nova Zelândia, da Irlanda, da África do Sul. | en-pt-br |
They all basically seem the same. | Všetky vyzerajú v podstate rovnako. Ale opakujem, je to prekvapivé. | en-sk |
I don't understand or pretend to understand this; I suspect most geneticists don't either, but they produce the numbers. | Nu înţeleg. Nu pretind că înţeleg asta. Şi bănuiesc că nici geneticienii nu o înţeleg, dar ei vin cu cifrele. | en-ro |
So you can actually estimate the population size based on the diversity of the genetics. | Và thậm chí, bạn có thể ước tính số lượng loài cá này. dựa vào sự khác biệt của bộ gen. Rus Hoelzel đã có kết quả khá chính xác về số lượng loài này | en-vi |
And Rus Hoelzel came up with an effective population size: 8,200 animals. | Rus Hoelzel chegou a um valor da população efetiva: 8200 animais. | en-pt |
That's it -- 8,000 animals in the world. | 지구상에 8천마리밖에 없는 겁니다 | en-ko |
You're thinking, "That's ridiculous. No way." | Myslíte si: "To je směšné, v žádném případě." | en-cs |
So Les did a finer study, and he found out it came out about 9,000. | Tak Les urobil lepšiu štúdiu a vyšlo mu takmer 9 000. Použitie rôznych mikrosatelitov dalo rôzne výsledky. | en-sk |
Using different microsatellites gave the different results, but the mean of all these studies is about 5,000, which I personally don't believe. | Maar het gemiddelde resultaat van deze studies was -- het gemiddelde is ongeveer 5.000, wat ik persoonlijk niet geloof, | en-nl |
But then, I am a skeptic. | ale jestem sceptykiem. | en-pl |
But even if you toss a few numbers around, you're probably talking an effective population of about 20,000 animals. | لكن حتى لو ضخمت الارقام انت تتحدث عن حوالي 20,000 حيوان | en-ar |
Do you remember how many they killed off Achill in the 70s and the 50s? | Erinnern Sie sich daran, wie viele damals, in den 70ern und 80ern, vor Achill getötet wurden? | en-de |
So what it tells us, actually, is that there's actually a risk of extinction of this species because its population is so small. | Potwierdza to, że istnieje wysokie ryzyko wyginięcia tych gatunków, z uwagi na ich małą populację. | en-pl |
In fact, of those 20,000, 8,000 were thought to be females. | Od ukupno 20 000 ajkula, procenjuje se da su 8 000 ženke. | en-sr |
I don't know. I don't believe it. | Neviem. Neverím tomu. Problém je, že vždy bolo málo vzoriek. | en-sk |
The problem with this is they were constrained with samples. | サンプルに制約があるということです | en-ja |
They didn't get enough samples to really explore the genetics in enough detail. | Não conseguiram amostras suficientes para explorar a vertente genética com detalhe suficiente. | en-pt |
So, where do you get samples from for your genetic analysis? | 그러면 유전자 분석을 위한 표본을 어디서 구할까요? | en-ko |
Well, one obvious source is dead sharks -- dead sharks, washed up. | Una fuente obvia son los tiburones muertos tirados por el mar a la playa. Con suerte, aparecen dos o tres tiburones al año | en-es |
We might get two or three dead sharks washed up in Ireland a year, if we're kind of lucky. | als we 'geluk' hebben. | en-nl |
Another source would be fisheries' bycatch. | O altă sursă ar fi cei pescuiţi accidental. Am găsit câţiva prinşi în plase de suprafaţă lăsate să plutească. | en-ro |
That's banned now, and that'll be good news for the sharks. | Bây giờ thì điều này bị cấm, và đó là tin tốt cho chúng. | en-vi |
And some are caught in nets, in trawls. | Μερικοί πιάνονται και με στατικά δίχτυα ή τράτες. | en-el |
This is a shark that was actually landed in Howth just before Christmas -- illegally, because you're not allowed to do that under EU law -- and was actually sold for eight euros a kilo as shark steak. | 이 상어는 크리스마스 바로 전에 호쓰항으로 불법 양륙된 것이죠. EU법은 돌묵상어의 양륙을 금지하는데도 이 상어는 스테이크로 킬로그램당 8유로에 팔렸죠. 그들은 불법이라는 통보를 받기 전까지 | en-ko |
They even put a recipe up on the wall, until they were told it was illegal. | Čak su okačili recept na zid dok im nije naznačeno da je to zabranjeno. | en-sr |
They actually did get a fine for that. | אז אם מביטים על כל המחקרים שהראתי לכם, | en-he |
So if you look at all those studies I showed you, the total number of samples worldwide is 86, at present. | is het totale aantal stalen vandaag wereldwijd 86. Het is heel belangrijk werk. | en-nl |
So it's very important work, and they can ask some really good questions, and tell us about population size and subpopulations and structure, but they're constrained by lack of samples. | poruszające bardzo ważne kwestie, m.in. rozmiar populacji, subpopulacji i struktury populacji, ale ograniczone są brakiem próbek. | en-pl |
When we were out tagging our sharks -- this is how we tagged them on the front of a RIB, get in there fast -- occasionally, the sharks do react. | Agora, quando estávamos marcando os tubarões, isto é como os marcamos na frente de uma embarcação -- chegue lá rápido -- ocasionalmente os tubarões de fato reagem. Em uma ocasião, quando estávamos em Malin Head, em Donegal, | en-pt-br |
On one occasion, when we were up in Malin Head in Donegal, the shark smacked the side of the boat with his tail, more, I think, in startle to the fact that a boat came near it, rather than the tag going in. | un rechin a lovit barca cu coada, mai mult speriat că o barcă s-a apropiat de el, decât din cauza marcării. A fost în regulă. | en-ro |
And then when myself and Emmett got back to Malin Head, to the pier, I noticed some black slime on the front of the boat. | Kur unë dhe Emmett u kthyem tek skela në Malin head vërejta pak jarge të zeze në anën e përparme të varkës. | en-sq |
I used to spend a lot of time on commercial fishing boats, and I remember fishermen saying they can tell when a basking shark has been caught in a net, because it leaves a black slime behind. | 그런데 저는 제가 상업 어선을 많이 타던 당시에 어망에 검은 점액이 붙어 있으면 돌묵상어가 잡았다는 것을 말한다는 이야기를 어부들로 부터 들었던 것을 기억했죠. 저는 그게 상어에서 뭍어나온 것이라고 생각했지요. | en-ko |
So that must have come from the shark. | 现在我们对此很有兴趣 | en-zh-cn |
Now, we had an interest in getting tissue samples for genetics because we knew they were very valuable. | örneklerin ne kadar önemli olduğunu bildiğimiz için örnek toplamaya başladık ve | en-tr |
We would use conventional methods; I have a crossbow -- you see it in my hand there, which we use to sample whales and dolphins for genetic studies as well. | E utilizzavamo i metodi tradizionali, come la balestra che mi vedete tenere in mano, che serve a raccogliere campioni da balene e delfini per analisi genetiche. | en-it |
So I tried that, I tried many techniques. | Tentei isso, tentei muitas técnicas. E tudo que acontecia era que meus arpões quebravam | en-pt-br |
All it was doing was breaking my arrows, because the shark's skin is just so strong. | porque a pele do tubarão é muito resistente. Não havia como conseguirmos uma amostra dessa maneira. | en-pt-br |
There was no way we were going to get a sample from that. | Nefungovalo by to. | en-cs |
So when I saw the black slime on the bow of the boat, I thought, "If you take what you're given in this world ..." | 因此当我看到船头有这个黑色黏液 我就这样想的：你拿走的是这个世界给予你的 | en-zh-cn |
So I scraped it off. | E gërryeva dhe mblodha jargen e zeze. | en-sq |
I had a little tube with alcohol in it to send to the geneticists. | E eu tinha um pequeno tubo com álcool para mandar ao geneticistas. | en-pt-br |
So I scraped the slime off and sent it to Aberdeen, and said, "You might try that." | Raspei o lodo e o remeti para Aberdeen. E disse: "Vocês podem experimentar isso." E, na verdade, demoraram meses para fazer isso. | en-pt-br |
And they sat on it for months. | 因為我們在曼島有個會議 | en-zh-tw |
It was only because we had a conference on the Isle of Man. | Samo kada smo imali konferenciju na ostrvu Man, | en-sr |
But I kept emailing Les, saying, "Have you had a chance to look at my slime?" | "Už jste se dostali k mému slizu?" Odpovídal jen: "Jo, jo, jo, jo, později, později, později." | en-cs |
And he was like, "Yeah, yeah. Later." | Dù sao đi chăng nữa anh ấy nghĩ anh ấy nên thực hiện việc kiểm tra mẫu thử, | en-vi |
He thought he'd better do it because I never met him before; he might lose face if he hadn't done the thing I sent him. | parce qu'on ne s'était encore jamais rencontré, et il pourrait perdre la face s'il n'avait pas fait ce que je lui avais demandé. | en-fr |
And he was amazed that they actually got DNA from the slime. | Et il a été très surpris de trouver effectivement de l'ADN dans la pituite. | en-fr |
They amplified it and they tested it, and they found, yes, this was actually basking shark DNA, which was got from the slime. | Они вдались в детали, протестировали ещё раз, и обнаружили: да, это ДНК гигантской акулы, полученное из слизи. Все очень воодушевились. | en-ru |
So he was very excited. | 우리는 그걸 Simon의 상어 점액이라고 불렀죠. | en-ko |
And I thought, "Hey, you know, I can build on this." | M-am gândit: "Pot elabora pe tema asta". | en-ro |
So we thought, OK, we're going to try to get out and get some slime. | 我就想我們何不出去 蒐集夠多黏液 | en-zh-tw |
So having spent three-and-a-half thousand on satellite tags ... | Depois de ter gasto 3500 em etiquetas de satélite... | en-pt |
I then thought I'd invest 7.95 -- the price is still on it -- in my local hardware store in Kilrush for a mop handle, and even less money on some oven cleaners. | v našom obchode v Kilrush za rúčku mopu a dokonca menej za nejaké čističe trúby. | en-sk |
And I wrapped the oven cleaner around the edge of the mop handle and ... | ولففت منظف الفُرن حول نهاية مقبض المسح وكنت يائساُ,يائساً | en-ar |
(Laughter) I was desperate to have an opportunity to get some sharks. | të më ofrohej mundësia të kapja disa peshkaqenë. | en-sq |
And this was into August now, and normally sharks peak in June, July, and you rarely see them, or rarely can be in the right place to find sharks into August. | Toto se stalo v srpnu a normálně je nejvíce žraloků během června, července a jen stěží je vidíte. Výjimečně můžete být na správném místě pro hledání žraloků během srpna. | en-cs |
We were desperate, so we rushed out to the Blaskets as soon as we heard there were sharks there, and managed to find some sharks. | Bu nedenle umutsuzduk. Blasket'ta köpekbalıkları olduğunu duyunca hemen oraya yöneldik ve köpekbalıklarını bulduk. | en-tr |
So by just rubbing the mop handle down the shark as it swam under the boat -- you see a shark running under the boat here -- we managed to collect slime. | Jen pouhým otřením rukojetě po žralokovi, jak podplul loď - koukejte, tady je žralok pod naší lodí - jsme dokázali získat sliz. A tady to je. | en-cs |
Look at that lovely black shark slime. | Взгляните на эту прекрасную чёрную акулью слизь. | en-ru |
And in about half an hour, we got five samples. | En una media hora conseguimos 5 muestras, de 5 tiburones, | en-es |
Five individual sharks were sampled using Simon's Shark Slime Sampling System. | za pomocą metody Simona. | en-pl |
(Laughter) (Applause) I've been working on whales and dolphins in Ireland for 20 years now, and they're a bit more dramatic. | (צחוק) (מחיאות כפיים) אני עובד עם לווייתנים, ודולפינים באירלנד במשך 20 שנה, והם קצת יותר דרמטיים. אתם בודאי ראיתם את הסרט על הליוותן הגבתן | en-he |
You probably saw the humpback whale footage we got a month or two ago off County Wexford. | pe care l-am făcut acum o lună sau două în largul County Wexford. Mereu te gândeşti că laşi ceva lumii, în urmă. | en-ro |
And you always think you might have some legacy you can leave the world behind, and I was thinking of humpback whales breaching and dolphins. | Kisha në mendje balenat dhe delfinët se si cajnë përmes ujit. | en-sq |
But hey -- sometimes these things are sent to you and you just have to take them when they come. | 但是你看，有时候这些小生物被送到了你面前 而你只需要在他们来的时候带走它们，就像这些珍贵的黏液 所以这个就很有可能是我的宝贵遗产 | en-zh-cn |
So this is possibly going to be my legacy -- Simon's Shark Slime. | Portanto, possivelmente este vai ser o meu legado, o lodo de tubarão de Simon. | en-pt |
We got more money this year to carry on collecting more and more samples. | pour continuer à récolter de plus en plus d'échantillons. | en-fr |
One thing that is very useful is that we use a pole camera -- this is my colleague, Joanne, with a pole camera -- where you can look underneath the shark. | E una cosa molto utile è l'ausilio di videocamere subacquee - ecco la mia collega Joanne che la utilizza - con le quali puoi effettivamente vedere sotto lo squalo. Cerchiamo di individuare le appendici tipiche dei maschi, | en-it |
What you're trying to look at is, the males have claspers, which kind of dangle out behind the back of the shark. | 一种长在姥鲨身体后方的垂状物 | en-zh-cn |
So you can quite easily tell the gender of the shark. | فيمكنك بسهولة معرفة جنس القرش | en-ar |
If we can tell the gender of the shark before we sample it, we can tell the geneticist this was taken from a male or a female. | Mogąc sprawdzić płeć rekina przed pobraniem próbek, możemy wskazać płeć genetykom, | en-pl |
Because in the moment, they have no way, genetically, of telling the difference between a male and a female, which I find staggering, because they don't know what primers to look for. | Bởi vì hiện nay, xét về việc nghiên cứu gen mà nói thì không có sự khác biệt về gen giữa con đực và con cái, thông tin này đã làm tôi vô cùng ngạc nhiên, bởi vì họ không hề có cơ sở để | en-vi |
Being able to tell the gender of a shark is very important for things like policing the trade in basking shark and other species through the sightings, because it is illegal to trade in these sharks. | 能分辨出鯊魚的性別 對立法禁止 姥鯊及其他種類的鯊魚交易 是非常重要的 因為任何鯊魚的買賣都是違法的 但市場上仍有鯊魚買賣行為 | en-zh-tw |
And they are caught and are on the market. | Като теренен биолог целта ми е да | en-bg |
So as a field biologist, you just want to get encounters with these animals, and learn as much as you can. | Kao biolog sa terena, jedino što želim jeste da upoznam te životinje. Želim da naučim što više o njima. | en-sr |
They're often quite brief, they're often very seasonally constrained. | Frequentemente os encontros são rápidos e muito limitados sazonalmente. | en-pt |
You just want to learn as much as you can as soon as you can. | Bạn chỉ muốn tìm hiểu về chúng nhiều nhất và sơm nhất | en-vi |
But isn't it fantastic that you can then offer these samples and opportunities to other disciplines, such as the geneticists, who can gain so much more from that. | Por ia vlen barra qeranë pasi mund tu ofrosh këto mostra dhe mundësi edhe disiplinave tjera, si gjenetistëve, të cilët poashtu mund të përfitojnë shumë nga tërë kjo. | en-sq |
So as I said, these things are sent to you in strange ways. | Dakle, kao što sam rekao, čudno je kako neke stvari dospevaju do nas. | en-sr |
I'll take that as my scientific legacy. | Θα το δεχτώ ως την επιστημονική μου παρακαταθήκη. | en-el |
Hopefully, I might get something a bit more dramatic and romantic before I die. | 不過也希望在我死前可以得到更戲劇化或更浪漫的東西 在這之前，就謝謝各位 | en-zh-tw |
But for the time being, thank you for that. | Έχετε τα μάτια σας ανοικτά για καρχαρίες. | en-el |
And keep an eye out for sharks. | Nếu bạn quan tâm nhiều hơn, chúng ta sẽ thiết lập ngay một website về cá mập khổng lồ | en-vi |
So thank you and thank you for listening. | Grazie. Grazie per la vostra attenzione. | en-it |
The humanitarian model has barely changed since the early 20th century. | Den humanitära modellen har knappt förändrats sedan det tidiga 1900-talet. | en-sv |
Its origins are firmly rooted in the analog age. | 它的起源在模拟时代就根深蒂固了 它的起源在模拟时代就根深蒂固了 | en-zh-cn |
And there is a major shift coming on the horizon. | Et un changement majeur s'annonce à l'horizon. | en-fr-ca |
The catalyst for this change was the major earthquake that struck Haiti on the 12th of January in 2010. | O catalista para esta mudança foi o grande terramoto que atingiu o Haiti no dia 12 de Janeiro de 2010. | en-pt |
Haiti was a game changer. | Haiti ha cambiato le carte in tavola. | en-it |
The earthquake destroyed the capital of Port-au-Prince, claiming the lives of some 320,000 people, rendering homeless about 1.2 million people. | רעידת האדמה הרסה את הבירה פורט-או-פרנס, גבתה את חייהם של 320,000 אנשים, והותירה 1.2 מליון אנשים חסרי בית. | en-he |
Government institutions were completely decapitated, including the presidential palace. | Αποδιοργανώθηκαν εντελώς τα κυβερνητικά ιδρύματα, όπως και το προεδρικό παλάτι. | en-el |
I remember standing on the roof of the Ministry of Justice in downtown Port-au-Prince. | Lembro-me de estar no telhado do Ministério da Justiça na baixa de Port-au-Prince. | en-pt |
It was about two meters high, completely squashed by the violence of the earthquake. | 高さ２メートル程の建物が 巨大地震により 跡形もなく崩れ去っていました | en-ja |
For those of us on the ground in those early days, it was clear for even the most disaster-hardened veterans that Haiti was something different. | Για όλους εμάς που ήμασταν στο έδαφος τις πρώτες μέρες, ήταν ξεκάθαρο πως ακόμη και για τους πιο έμπειρους σε καταστροφές βετεράνους η Αϊτή ήταν κάτι αλλιώτικο. | en-el |
Haiti was something we hadn't seen before. | Haiti var något som vi inte hade sett förut. | en-sv |
But Haiti provided us with something else unprecedented. | Aber Haiti bot uns noch etwas nie zuvor Dagewesenes. | en-de |
Haiti allowed us to glimpse into a future of what disaster response might look like in a hyper-connected world where people have access to mobile smart devices. | هاييتي أعطتنا نبذة عن مستقبل ما ستبدو عليه الاستجابة للكوارث في عالم شديد الاتصال حيث يستطيع الناس الحصول على أجهزة محمولة ذكية. | en-ar |
Because out of the urban devastation in Port-au-Prince came a torrent of SMS texts -- people crying for help, beseeching us for assistance, sharing data, offering support, looking for their loved ones. | Защото от опустошения град Порт-о-Пренс изригна порой от текстови SMS съобщения -- хората търсеха помощ, молеха ни за помощ, споделяха информация, предлагаха помощ, и търсеха любимите си хора. | en-bg |
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