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But that's actually perfect for trying to generate power in a nuclear reactor. | Tapi itu sebenarnya sempurna untuk mencoba menghasilkan tenaga reaktor nuklir. | en-id |
Here's the real magic: they don't have to operate at high pressure. | Aici e adevărata magie: nu trebuie să funcționeze la presiune mare. | en-ro |
And that makes the biggest difference of all. | و این بیشترین تفاوت را ایجاد می کند. | en-fa |
This means they don't have to be in heavy, thick steel pressure vessels, they don't have to use water for coolant and there's nothing in the reactor that's going to make a big change in density, like water. | Ça signifie qu'ils n'ont pas besoin de gros réservoirs en métal sous pression, ni d'eau de refroidissement, et il n'y a rien dans le réacteur qui peut changer de densité, comme l'eau. | en-fr |
So the containment building around the reactor can be much smaller and close-fitting. | Bangunan penahan di sekitar reaktor bisa jauh lebih kecil bahkan pas. | en-id |
Unlike the solid fuels that can melt down if you stop cooling them, these liquid fluoride fuels are already melted, at a much, much lower temperature. | Berbeda dengan bahan bakar padat, jika berhenti didinginkan, meleleh. Bahan bakar fluoride cair ini sudah meleleh pada suhu yang jauh lebih rendah. | en-id |
In normal operation, you have a little plug here at the bottom of the reactor vessel. | Quando operado, temos uma "tampa" na parte inferior da câmara de reação. | en-pt-br |
This plug is made out of a piece of frozen salt that you've kept frozen by blowing cool gas over the outside of the pipe. | この栓は凍った塩の塊でできていて 冷却ガスを パイプの外側に噴射することで 凍った状態を保ちます | en-ja |
If there's an emergency and you lose all the power to your nuclear power plant, the little blower stops blowing, the frozen plug of salt melts, and the liquid fluoride fuel inside the reactor drains out of the vessel, through the line and into another vessel called a drain tank. | 如果发生紧急情况，你失去了核电站的 所有电力， 小鼓风机不吹了， 冻住的盐块融化了， 反应堆内的液态氟燃料 会从容器中通过管道排出， 然后进入另一个叫做排水槽的容器中。 | en-zh-cn |
Inside the drain tank, it's all configured to maximize the transfer of heat, so as to keep the salt passively cooled as its heat load drops over time. | درون مخزن تخلیه، بگونه ای ساخته شده تا انتقال حرارتش حداکثر باشد، تا نمک را به شکلی غیر فعال خنک نگاه دارد تا وقتی که بار حرارتی اش به تدریج کاهش یابد. | en-fa |
In water-cooled reactors, you generally have to provide power to the plant to keep the water circulating and to prevent a meltdown, as we saw in Japan. | Su soğutmalı reaktörlerde su sirkülasyonu ile erimeyi önlemek için santrale elektrik sağlanması şarttır, Japonya'da gördüğümüz gibi. | en-tr |
But in this reactor, if you lose the power to the reactor, it shuts itself down all by itself, without human intervention, and puts itself in a safe and controlled configuration. | ولكن في هذه المفاعل، إذا فقدت الطاقة في المفاعل، فستنفصل تلقائياً دون تدخل الإنسان وتدخل في وضع آمن ومضبوط. | en-ar |
Now, this was sounding pretty good to me, and I was excited about the potential of using a liquid fluoride reactor to power a lunar community. | Isso tudo estava parecendo bom, e eu estava empolgado com o potencial dos reatores de fluoreto líquido para comunidades lunares. | en-pt-br |
But then I learned about thorium, and the story got even better. | Kemudian saya mempelajari Thorium, ceritanya jadi lebih baik. | en-id |
Thorium is a naturally occurring nuclear fuel that is four times more common in the Earth's crust than uranium. | トリウムは自然に存在する核燃料で 地殻にウランの４倍も存在します | en-ja |
It can be used in liquid fluoride thorium reactors to produce electrical energy, heat and other valuable products. | 可以把它用在 液態氟化釷反應爐上， 以產生電、熱， 以及其他珍貴的產物。 | en-zh-tw |
It's so energy-dense that you could hold a lifetime supply of thorium energy in the palm of your hand. | Contém tanta energia que podemos deter a demanda de uma vida inteira de tório na palma de nossa mão. | en-pt-br |
Thorium is also common on the Moon and easy to find. | C'est aussi fréquent sur la Lune et facile à trouver. | en-fr |
Here's an actual map of where the lunar thorium is located. | Na ovoj mapi je prikazano gde je lociran torijum na Mesecu. | en-sr |
Thorium has an electromagnetic signature that makes it easy to find, even from a spacecraft. | 钍的电磁特征使得它很容易被发现， 甚至在宇宙飞船中也能发现。 用液态氟钍反应堆产生的能量， | en-zh-cn |
With the energy generated from a liquid fluoride thorium reactor, we could recycle all of the air, water and waste products within the lunar community. | Sıvı florürlü toryum reaktörlerinden elde edilen enerjiyle ay topluluğundaki tüm hava, su ve atık ürünler geri dönüştürülebilir. | en-tr |
In fact, doing so would be an absolute requirement for success. | Aslında bunu yapmak başarı için mutlak bir gerekliliktir. | en-tr |
We could grow the crops needed to feed the members of the community even during the two-week lunar night, using light and power from the reactor. | Megtermelhetnénk az emberek táplálásához szükséges gabonát még a kéthetes holdi éjszaka alatt is a reaktorból nyert fényt és energiát használva. | en-hu |
It seemed like the liquid fluoride thorium reactor, or LFTR, could be the power source that could make a self-sustainable lunar colony a reality. | Det så ud til at den flydende fluorid thorium-reaktor (LFTR) kunne være den strømkilde der gjorde en selvforsynende månebase til virkelighed. | en-da |
But I had a simple question: If it was such a great thing for a community on the Moon, why not a community on the Earth, a community of the future, self-sustaining and energy-independent? | se era tão bom para uma comunidade na Lua, porque não uma comunidade na Terra? Uma comunidade futurista, autossustentável e energeticamente independente? | en-pt-br |
The same energy generation and recycling techniques that could have a powerful impact on surviving on the Moon could also have a powerful impact on surviving on the Earth. | As mesmas técnicas de geração e de reciclagem de energia que podiam ter um poderoso impacto na sobrevivência na Lua podiam também ter um poderoso impacto na sobrevivência na Terra. | en-pt |
Right now, we're burning fossil fuels because they're easy to find and because we can. | حالياً نحن نحرق الوقود الأحفوري لأنه من السهل العثور عليه، ولأننا نستطيع ذلك. | en-ar |
Unfortunately, they're making some parts of our planet look like the Moon. | Din păcate, ei fac ca o parte din planeta noastră să arate ca Luna. | en-ro |
Using fossil fuels entangles us in conflict in unstable regions of the world and costs money and lives. | يضعنا استخدام الوقود الأحفوري في صراع في مناطق غير مستقرة حول العالم، ويكلف المال والأرواح. | en-ar |
Things could be very different if we were using thorium. | Segalanya bisa sangat berbeda jika kita menggunakan thorium. | en-id |
You see, in a LFTR, we could use thorium about 200 times more efficiently than we're using uranium now. | Forstår I, i en LFTR kunne vi bruge thorium 200 gange mere effektivt end vi bruger uran nu. | en-da |
And because the LFTR is capable of almost completely releasing the energy in thorium, this reduces the waste generated over uranium by factors of hundreds, and by factors of millions over fossil fuels. | LFTR mampu hampir sepenuhnya melepaskan energi di thorium, ini mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan lebih dari uranium dengan ratusan faktor, dan oleh jutaan faktor lebih dari bahan bakar fosil. | en-id |
We're still going to need liquid fuels for vehicles and machinery, but we could generate these liquid fuels from the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and from water, much like nature does. | Ainda precisaremos de combustíveis líquidos para veículos e máquinas, mas eles podem ser gerados a partir do dióxido de carbono na atmosfera e da água, assim como a natureza faz. | en-pt-br |
We could generate hydrogen by splitting water and combining it with carbon harvested from CO2 in the atmosphere, making fuels like methanol, ammonia, and dimethyl ether, which could be a direct replacement for diesel fuels. | Kita bisa menghasilkan hidrogen dengan membelah air dan menggabungkannya dengan karbon dipanen dari CO2 di atmosfer, membuat bahan bakar seperti metanol, amonia, dan dimetil eter, yang bisa menjadi pengganti langsung untuk bahan bakar diesel. | en-id |
Imagine carbon-neutral gasoline and diesel, sustainable and self-produced. | 환경 파괴 없이 지속적이고, 스스로 생산이 가능한 탄소 중립적인 휘발유와 디젤을 상상해 보세요, | en-ko |
Do we have enough thorium? | آیا توریم به اندازه کافی داریم؟ | en-fa |
Yes, we do. | ค่ะ เรามี | en-th |
In fact, in the United States, we have over 3,200 metric tons of thorium that was stockpiled 50 years ago and is currently buried in a shallow trench in Nevada. | I USA er der over 3.200 tons thorium opmagasineret for 50 år siden som ligger begravet i en kløft i Nevada. | en-da |
This thorium, if used in LFTRs, could produce almost as much energy as the United States uses in three years. | اگر این توریم را در LFTR ها استفاده کنیم، می تواند انرژی مورد نیاز ایالات متحده را برای سه سال تامین کند. | en-fa |
And thorium is not a rare substance, either. | 釷也不是稀有的物質。 | en-zh-tw |
There are many sites like this one in Idaho, where an area the size of a football field would produce enough thorium each year to power the entire world. | 이곳 말고도 아이다호주에는 토륨이 매장되어 있는 곳은 많습니다. 축구장만한 구역에 매년 온 세상에 에너지를 공급할 수 있는 양의 토륨이 매장되어 있죠. | en-ko |
Using liquid fluoride thorium technology, we could move away from expensive and difficult aspects of current water-cooled, solid-fueled uranium nuclear power. | Esta tecnología a base de torio nos libraría de la complejidad y los costos de generar energía con reactores de uranio refrigerados por agua. | en-es |
We wouldn't need large, high-pressure nuclear reactors and big containment buildings that they go in. | On n'aurait plus besoin des réacteurs nucléaires sous pression et de leurs larges enceintes de confinement. | en-fr |
We wouldn't need large, low-efficiency steam turbines. | Nu am mai avea nevoie de mari turbine pe aburi cu eficiență scăzută. | en-ro |
We wouldn't need to have as many long-distance power transmission infrastructure, because thorium is a very portable energy source that can be located near to where it is needed. | Não haveria necessidade de tanta infraestrutura para transmissões de longa-distância, porque o tório é uma fonte de energia bastante portátil que pode ser locada próxima de onde há demanda. | en-pt-br |
A liquid fluoride thorium reactor would be a compact facility, very energy-efficient and safe, that would produce the energy we need day and night, and without respect to weather conditions. | 액체 불소 토륨 원자로는 우리가 밤 낮으로 필요할 에너지를 날씨의 영향을 받지 않고 생산할 수 있는 소형 시설로 에너지 효율적이며, 안전할 겁니다. | en-ko |
In 2007, we used five billion tons of coal, 31 billion barrels of oil and five trillion cubic meters of natural gas, along with 65,000 tons of uranium to produce the world's energy. | في عام 2007، قمنا باستخدام 5 مليار طن من الفحم و31 مليار برميل من النفط و5 تريليون متر مكعب من الغاز الطبيعي بالإضافة لـ65,000 طن من اليورانيوم لإنتاج طاقة للعالم. | en-ar |
With thorium, we could do the same thing with 7,000 tons of thorium that could be mined at a single site. | 有了钍，我们在一个地点 开采7000吨的钍就能做到同样的事情。 | en-zh-cn |
If all this sounds interesting to you, I invite you to visit our website, where a growing and enthusiastic online community of thorium advocates is working to tell the world about how we can realize a clean, safe and sustainable energy future, based on the energies of thorium. | Jika semua ini terdengar menarik bagi Anda, Saya undang Anda untuk mengunjungi situs web kami, tempat yang tumbuh dan antusias komunitas daring pendukung thorium bekerja untuk memberi tahu dunia tentang bagaimana kita dapat mewujudkan bersih, aman dan masa depan energi berkelanjutan, berdasarkan energi thorium. | en-id |
I remember the first time that I saw people injecting drugs. | 저는 마약을 주입하는 모습을 처음 봤던 때를 기억합니다. | en-ko |
I had just arrived in Vancouver to lead a research project in HIV prevention in the infamous Downtown East Side. | Je venais d'arriver à Vancouver pour mener un projet de recherche sur la prévention du VIH dans le quartier tristement célèbre de Downtown East Side. | en-fr |
It was in the lobby of the Portland Hotel, a supportive housing project that gave rooms to the most marginalized people in the city, the so-called "difficult to house." | 事情就發生在波特蘭旅館的大廳 那裡有個住房支持計畫提供住所 給城市中最邊緣化的一群人 所謂「很難收容的人」 | en-zh-tw |
I'll never forget the young woman standing on the stairs repeatedly jabbing herself with a needle, and screaming, "I can't find a vein," as blood splattered on the wall. | Je n'oublierai jamais la jeune femme qui se tenait sur les escaliers et se piquait encore et encore avec une aiguille en criant : « Je ne trouve pas la veine », alors que son sang giclait sur le mur. | en-fr |
In response to the desperate state of affairs, the drug use, the poverty, the violence, the soaring rates of HIV, Vancouver declared a public health emergency in 1997. | 약물 사용, 빈곤, 폭력, 치솟는 HIV 감염률이라는 심각한 정세에 대처하기 위해 밴쿠버는 1997년에 공중 보건 비상사태를 선포했습니다. | en-ko |
This opened the door to expanding harm reduction services, distributing more needles, increasing access to methadone, and, finally, opening a supervised injection site. | وفتح ذلك الباب لتوسيع نطاق خدمات الحد من الضرر، وتوزيع المزيد من المحاقن، وتيسير الحصول على الميثادون، وأخيرًا، فتح مراكز الحقن تحت الإشراف. | en-ar |
Things that make injecting drugs less hazardous. | Tutte cose che rendono meno pericolose le droghe iniettive. | en-it |
But today, 20 years later, harm reduction is still viewed as some sort of radical concept. | しかしながら 20年たった今日でさえ ハーム・リダクションはかなり 急進的な考えだと思われています | en-ja |
In some places, it's still illegal to carry a clean needle. | Em alguns lugares, ainda é ilegal carregar uma seringa limpa. | en-pt-br |
Drug users are far more likely to be arrested than to be offered methadone therapy. | Les toxicomanes ont bien plus de chances d'être arrêtés que de recevoir un traitement à la méthadone. | en-fr |
Recent proposals for supervised injection sites in cities like Seattle, Baltimore and New York have been met with stiff opposition: opposition that goes against everything we know about addiction. | हाल ही में, संचालित इंजेक्शन स्थल स्थापित करने के प्रस्तावों को, सीएटल, बाल्टिमोर और न्यू यॉर्क में भारी विरोध का सामना करना पड़ा: विरोध, जो नशे की लत की हमारी जानकारी के खिलाफ है. | en-hi |
Why are we still stuck on the idea that the only option is to stop using -- that any drug use will not be tolerated? | ¿Por qué seguimos atrapados en la idea de que la única opción es dejar de consumir y que no se debe tolerar el consumo de drogas en ninguna de sus formas? | en-es |
Why do we ignore countless personal stories and overwhelming scientific evidence that harm reduction works? | Por que ignoramos inúmeras histórias pessoais e provas científicas impressionantes de que a redução de danos funciona? | en-pt-br |
Critics say that harm reduction doesn't stop people from using illegal drugs. | आलोचकों का कहना है कि हानि घटाना, लोगों को नशे के सामान का इस्तेमाल करने से नहीं रोकता है. | en-hi |
Well, actually, that is the whole point. | यही तो पूरी बात का केंद्र है. | en-hi |
After every criminal and societal sanction that we can come up with, people still use drugs, and far too many die. | Dopo ogni sanzione penale e sociale che possiamo escogitare, molti continuano a far uso di droghe e troppi a morire. | en-it |
Critics also say that we are giving up on people by not focusing our attention on treatment and recovery. | आलोचक कहते हैं कि हम उपचार और सुधार पर ध्यान नहीं देकर लोगों को उपेक्षित करते हैं., | en-hi |
In fact, it is just the opposite. | En vérité, c'est tout le contraire. | en-fr |
We are not giving up on people. | उन्हें उनके हाल पर नहीं छोड़ रहे | en-hi |
We know that if recovery is ever going to happen we must keep people alive. | Sabemos que se é possível se recuperar, temos que manter as pessoas vivas. | en-pt-br |
Offering someone a clean needle or a safe place to inject is the first step to treatment and recovery. | Offrir à une personne une aiguille stérile et un endroit sûr pour l'injection est le premier pas vers le traitement et la guérison. | en-fr |
Critics also claim that harm reduction gives the wrong message to our children about drug users. | आलोचक कहते हैं कि हानि घटाने के तरीके युवाओं को, नशेड़ियों के बारे में गलत सन्देश पहुचाते हैं. | en-hi |
The last time I looked, these drug users are our children. | Amennyire én tudom, a drogfogyasztók éppen a saját gyerekeink. | en-hu |
The message of harm reduction is that while drugs can hurt you, we still must reach out to people who are addicted. | ハーム・リダクションの送るメッセージは 薬物には害があるとしたうえで 薬物依存者には救いの手を 差し伸べる必要があるという事です | en-ja |
A needle exchange is not an advertisement for drug use. | L'échange de seringues n'est pas une publicité pour prendre de la drogue. | en-fr |
Neither is a methadone clinic or a supervised injection site. | y tampoco lo es una clínica de metadona o un sitio de inyección supervisada. | en-es |
What you see there are people sick and hurting, hardly an endorsement for drug use. | Lo que hay es gente enferma y dolorida, y difícilmente sea eso una promoción para el consumo de drogas. | en-es |
Let's take supervised injection sites, for example. | 薬物使用室を例に お話ししましょう | en-ja |
Probably the most misunderstood health intervention ever. | 它可能是史上最被誤解的醫療介入了 | en-zh-tw |
All we are saying is that allowing people to inject in a clean, dry space with fresh needles, surrounded by people who care is a lot better than injecting in a dingy alley, sharing contaminated needles and hiding out from police. | تنها حرف ما این هست که اگر به افراد اجازه بدهیم که در محلی خشک و تمیز، با سوزنهای تمیز تزریق کنند، جایی که افراد مسئولی هم حضور دارند خیلی خیلی بهتر است از تزریق در گوشه تاریک یک کوچه که همه از سرنگ هم استفاده میکنند و از دست پلیس مخفی میشوند. | en-fa |
It's better for everybody. | Это лучше для всех. | en-ru |
The first supervised injection site in Vancouver was at 327 Carol Street, a narrow room with a concrete floor, a few chairs and a box of clean needles. | पहला संचालित इंजेक्शन स्थल वेंकुवर में कैरोल स्ट्रीट पर था, एक छोटा कमरा, कुछ कुर्सियां और साफ़ सुइयों का एक डिब्बा. | en-hi |
The police would often lock it down, but somehow it always mysteriously reopened, often with the aid of a crowbar. | La policía a menudo lo cerraba, pero de alguna manera misteriosa siempre se reabría, a menudo con la ayuda de una palanca. | en-es |
I would go down there some evenings to provide medical care for people who were injecting drugs. | 저는 저녁 시간에 그곳을 방문해 마약을 주입하는 사람들에게 의료를 제공하곤 했습니다. | en-ko |
I was always struck with the commitment and compassion of the people who operated and used the site. | Siempre me sorprendió el compromiso y la compasión de las personas que manejaban y usaban el sitio. | en-es |
No judgment, no hassles, no fear, lots of profound conversation. | Sin juicios de valor, sin apremios, sin miedos y muchas conversaciones profundas. | en-es |
I learned that despite unimaginable trauma, physical pain and mental illness, that everyone there thought that things would get better. | 想像もつかないトラウマや 肉体的な痛み そして精神的な病にもかかわらず そこにいた全員が 状況が良くなると 考えている事を知りました | en-ja |
Most were convinced that, someday, they'd stop using drugs altogether. | ほとんどの人が いつかはみんな一緒に 薬物をやめるだろうと確信を持っていたのです | en-ja |
That room was the forerunner to North America's first government-sanctioned supervised injection site, called INSITE. | Quel locale era il precursore in Nord America del primo sito di iniezione sicura, chiamato INSITE, approvato dal governo. | en-it |
It opened in September of 2003 as a three-year research project. | Il a été ouvert en septembre 2003 en tant que projet de recherche sur 3 ans. | en-fr |
The conservative government was intent on closing it down at the end of the study. | Il governo conservatore aveva intenzione di chiuderlo alla fine dello studio. | en-it |
After eight years, the battle to close INSITE went all the way up to Canada's Supreme Court. | Dopo otto anni, la battaglia per chiudere INSITE è arrivata fino alla Corte Suprema del Canada. | en-it |
It pitted the government of Canada against two people with a long history of drug use who knew the benefits of INSITE firsthand: Dean Wilson and Shelley Tomic. | Era o governo do Canadá contra duas pessoas com um longo histórico de uso de drogas que sabiam dos benefícios do INSITE: Dean Wilson e Shelley Tomic. | en-pt-br |
The court ruled in favor of keeping INSITE open by nine to zero. | La Cour s'est prononcée en faveur du maintien d'INSITE à l'unanimité. | en-fr |
The justices were scathing in their response to the government's case. | 대법관단은 정부의 제소를 판결문에서 호되게 비판했죠. | en-ko |
And I quote: "The effect of denying the services of INSITE to the population that it serves and the correlative increase in the risk of death and disease to injection drug users is grossly disproportionate to any benefit that Canada might derive from presenting a uniform stance on the possession of narcotics." | Cito: "L'effetto di negare alla popolazione le prestazioni di INSITE e il correlato aumento del rischio di morte e malattia per i tossicodipendenti sono palesemente sproporzionati rispetto ai benefici che il Canada potrebbe derivare dal presentare una posizione uniforme sul possesso di stupefacenti". | en-it |
This was a hopeful moment for harm reduction. | Foi um momento esperançoso para a redução de danos. | en-pt-br |
Yet, despite this strong message from the Supreme Court, it was, until very recently, impossible to open up any new sites in Canada. | وعلى الرغم من هذه الرسالة القوية من المحكمة العليا, وحتى وقت قريب، كان من المستحيل فتح أي مراكز جديدة بكندا. | en-ar |
There was one interesting thing that happened in December of 2016, when due to the overdose crisis, the government of British Columbia allowed the opening of overdose prevention sites. | В декабре 2016 года случилось кое-что интересное, когда вследствие кризиса передозировок провинция Британской Колумбии разрешила пункты по предотвращению передозировок. | en-ru |
Essentially ignoring the federal approval process, community groups opened up about 22 of these de facto illegal supervised injection sites across the province. | با نادیده گرفتن روال صدور تأییدیه فدرال گروههای مردمی حدود ۲۲ مرکز عملاً غیر قانونی برای تزریق تحت کنترل در سرتاسر استان برپا کردند. | en-fa |
Virtually overnight, thousands of people could use drugs under supervision. | من يوم لآخر، أصبح بإمكان آلاف المدمنين استخدام المخدرات تحت الإشراف. | en-ar |
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