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So let me start in on that problem.
Kezdjük a helyzet jellemzésével!
en-hu
There are 10 million people in the U.S.
В США є 10 мільйонів,
en-uk
and many more worldwide who are blind or are facing blindness due to diseases of the retina, diseases like macular degeneration, and there's little that can be done for them.
疾病により失明のリスクを 抱える人は米国に1000万人 世界中にも数多くいます 現在これらの人々に対し ほとんど何もできません
en-ja
There are some drug treatments, but they're only effective on a small fraction of the population. And so, for the vast majority of patients, their best hope for regaining sight is through prosthetic devices.
虽然有一些治疗性药物 但它们只对很少一部分患者有效 而对于大部分病人来说 他们恢复视力的希望 就得寄托于假体设备
en-zh-cn
The problem is that current prosthetics don't work very well. They're still very limited in the vision that they can provide.
ولكن المشكلة ان الاجهزة الصناعية الحالية لا تعمل بشكل جيد فهي ماتزال توفر رؤية محدودة
en-ar
And so, you know, for example, with these devices, patients can see simple things like bright lights and high contrast edges, not very much more, so nothing close to normal vision has been possible.
Przy pomocy tych protez, pacjenci mogą zobaczyć podstawowe rzeczy, jak jasne światła, brzegi o dużym kontraście, i niewiele więcej, czyli daleko im do normalnego widzenia.
en-pl
So what I'm going to tell you about today is a device that we've been working on that I think has the potential to make a difference, to be much more effective, and what I wanted to do is show you how it works. Okay, so let me back up a little bit and show you how a normal retina works first so you can see the problem ...
היום אספר לכם על מתקן שאנו עובדים עליו, ואני מאמינה שיהיה מסוגל לחולל שינוי, להיות יעיל בהרבה, ורציתי להראות לכם כיצד הוא עובד. אוקיי, בואו נחזור מעט אחורה ותחילה נראה כיצד עובדת רשתית רגילה, כדי שתוכלו להבין את הבעיה שאנו מנסים לפתור.
en-he
Here you have a retina.
这是一个视网膜
en-zh-cn
So you have an image, a retina, and a brain.
Jadi ada gambar, retina, dan otak.
en-id
So when you look at something, like this image of this baby's face, it goes into your eye and it lands on your retina, on the front-end cells here, the photoreceptors.
Wenn Sie also etwas ansehen, wie dieses Bild vom Gesicht dieses Babys, geht es in ihr Auge und trifft auf Ihre Netzhaut, auf die vorderen Zellen hier, die Fotorezeptoren.
en-de
Then what happens is the retinal circuitry, the middle part, goes to work on it, and what it does is it performs operations on it, it extracts information from it, and it converts that information into a code.
然後將會發生的是視網膜電路, 中間的部分,會去勞動, 執行着它的操作工作, 從中提取信息, 並將之轉換成代碼的信息。
en-zh-tw
And the code is in the form of these patterns of electrical pulses that get sent up to the brain, and so the key thing is that the image ultimately gets converted into a code. And when I say code, I do literally mean code.
Koda se v obliki vzorcev električnih signalov prenese v možgane, ključnega pomena je torej, da se podoba pretvori v kodo. Izraz kodo v tem primeru pomeni dobesedno to.
en-sl
Like this pattern of pulses here actually means "baby's face," and so when the brain gets this pattern of pulses, it knows that what was out there was a baby's face, and if it got a different pattern it would know that what was out there was, say, a dog, or another pattern would be a house.
Като този модел на импулси тук, който означава "бебешко лице" и така, когато мозъка получава този модел на импулси, той знае, че това там е било бебешко лице и ако той получи различен модел, би знаел че това, което е било там, е да кажем, куче, или друг модел би бил къща.
en-bg
Anyway, you get the idea.
Ինչևէ, կարծում եմ ընդհանուր պատկերացում կազմեցիք:
en-hy
And, of course, in real life, it's all dynamic, meaning that it's changing all the time, so the patterns of pulses are changing all the time because the world you're looking at is changing all the time too.
Իհարկե, իրական կյանքում այս ամենը դինամիկ է, նկատի ունեմ, որ այն անընդմեջ փոփոխվում է, ուստի ազդակների կաղապարներն էլ են անընդմեջ փոփոխվում, որովհետև աշխարհը, որին նայում ենք, նույնպես անընդմեջ փոփոխվում է:
en-hy
So, you know, it's sort of a complicated thing. You have these patterns of pulses coming out of your eye every millisecond telling your brain what it is that you're seeing.
Es algo bastante complicado. Tenemos patrones de pulsos provenientes de los ojos cada milisegundo que dicen al cerebro lo que ven.
en-es
So what happens when a person gets a retinal degenerative disease like macular degeneration? What happens is is that, the front-end cells die, the photoreceptors die, and over time, all the cells and the circuits that are connected to them, they die too.
Τι συμβαίνει,λοιπόν, όταν κάποιος έχει μια ασθένεια εκφυλισμού του αμφιβληστροειδούς όπως ο εκφυλισμός ωχράς κηλίδας; Αυτό που συμβαίνει είναι οτι τα κύτταρα του εμπροσθίου άκρου πεθαίνουν, και οι φωτοϋποδοχείς πεθαίνουν, και με τον καιρό όλα τα κύτταρα και τα κυκλώματα που είναι συνδεδεμένα μαζί τους, πεθαίνουν κι αυτ...
en-el
Until the only things that you have left are these cells here, the output cells, the ones that send the signals to the brain, but because of all that degeneration they aren't sending any signals anymore.
Na koniec zostają tylko te oto komórki, komórki wyjściowe, wysyłające sygnały do mózgu, ale z powodu zwyrodnienia, nie przesyłają żadnych sygnałów.
en-pl
They aren't getting any input, so the person's brain no longer gets any visual information -- that is, he or she is blind.
Elles ne reçoivent plus d'informations, alors le cerveau de la personne ne reçoit plus d'informations visuelles -- c'est-à-dire il ou elle est aveugle.
en-fr
So, a solution to the problem, then, would be to build a device that could mimic the actions of that front-end circuitry and send signals to the retina's output cells, and they can go back to doing their normal job of sending signals to the brain.
그래서 이 문제에 대한 해결책은 앞단의 신경회로에 해당하는 동작들을 흉내낼 수 있는 장치들을 만들어내는 것이죠 그래서 망막의 출력 세포들에게 신호들을 보낼 수 있게요 그래서 두뇌로 신호를 전송하는 일상의 일들을 계속할 수 있도록 돌려보내는거죠
en-ko
So this is what we've been working on, and this is what our prosthetic does.
Daran haben wir also gearbeitet, und unsere Prothese tut folgendes.
en-de
So it consists of two parts, what we call an encoder and a transducer.
Այն կազմված է երկու մասից, որոնք համապատասխանաբար կոչվում են զգայական կոդ (սենսոր) և հաղորդիչ:
en-hy
And so the encoder does just what I was saying: it mimics the actions of the front-end circuitry -- so it takes images in and converts them into the retina's code.
A kódoló feladata utánozni a felületi áramkörök működését: képeket fogad be, és átalakítja őket a recehártya kódjaivá.
en-hu
And then the transducer then makes the output cells send the code on up to the brain, and the result is a retinal prosthetic that can produce normal retinal output.
אז המתמיר גורם לתאי הפלט לשלוח את הקוד אל המוח, והתוצאה היא שרשתית תותבת מפיקה פלט של רשתית רגילה.
en-he
So a completely blind retina, even one with no front-end circuitry at all, no photoreceptors, can now send out normal signals, signals that the brain can understand.
Այսպիսով, բոլորովին կույր ցանցաթաղանթը, նույնիսկ առանց որևէ արտաքին բջիջների և ֆոտոռեցեպտորների, այժմ ի վիճակի է լինում պարբերաբար ազդակներ ուղարկել գլխուղեղ. ազդակներ, որոնց օգնությամբ գլխուղեղն ընկալում է տվյալ տեղեկատվությունը:
en-hy
So no other device has been able to do this.
Żadne inne urządzenie tego nie potrafi.
en-pl
Okay, so I just want to take a sentence or two to say something about the encoder and what it's doing, because it's really the key part and it's sort of interesting and kind of cool.
Được rồi, thế tôi chỉ muốn dành một hoặc hai câu trình bày một chút về bộ phận mã hóa và hoạt động của nó, bởi vì nó thật sự là phần chủ chốt và nó khá là thú vị và "ngầu."
en-vi
I'm not sure "cool" is really the right word, but you know what I mean.
'Harika' kelimesi burda tam doğru kullanılmamış olabilir, fakat siz ne demek istediğimi anladınız.
en-tr
So what it's doing is, it's replacing the retinal circuitry, really the guts of the retinal circuitry, with a set of equations, a set of equations that we can implement on a chip. So it's just math.
Então, o que ele está fazendo é substituir o circuito da retina, na verdade, as entranhas do circuito da retina, por um conjunto de equações, um conjunto de equações que podemos acrescentar a um chip. Assim é apenas matemática.
en-pt-br
In other words, we're not literally replacing the components of the retina.
We vervangen dus niet letterlijk de onderdelen van het netvlies.
en-nl
It's not like we're making a little mini-device for each of the different cell types.
اینطور نیست که ما دستگاهای کوچکی درست کنیم که جایگزین این نوع سلولها شوند. اینطور نیست که ما دستگاهای کوچکی درست کنیم که جایگزین این نوع سلولها شوند.
en-fa
We've just abstracted what the retina's doing with a set of equations.
نحن فقط نقوم فقط استنساخ ما تقوم به الشبكية بواسطة مجموعة من المعادلات
en-ar
And so, in a way, the equations are serving as sort of a codebook. An image comes in, goes through the set of equations, and out comes streams of electrical pulses, just like a normal retina would produce.
ezért ez szolgál egyfajta kódkönyvként. A bejutó kép átmegy az egyenletrendszeren, s a kimeneten elektromos impulzusok jelennek meg, mint amilyeneket az ép recehártya képezne.
en-hu
Now let me put my money where my mouth is and show you that we can actually produce normal output, and what the implications of this are.
下面我就来用 实际行动展示一下 证明我们确实能够产生输出信号 以及这么做的意义
en-zh-cn
Here are three sets of firing patterns. The top one is from a normal animal, the middle one is from a blind animal that's been treated with this encoder-transducer device, and the bottom one is from a blind animal treated with a standard prosthetic.
Temos aqui três conjuntos de padrões de disparo. O de cima é de um animal normal, o do meio é de um animal cego tratado com o nosso codificador-transdutor, e o último é de um animal tratado com uma prótese comum.
en-pt
So the bottom one is the state-of-the-art device that's out there right now, which is basically made up of light detectors, but no encoder. So what we did was we presented movies of everyday things -- people, babies, park benches, you know, regular things happening -- and we recorded the responses from the retinas of t...
Нижняя модель — это передовое устройство, используемое в настоящий момент, созданное при помощи фотодатчиков, но без кодера. Мы сделали следующее: мы показали видео повседневных вещей — людей, детей, скамеек в парке, обычных происходящих вещей — и записали реакцию сетчатки у каждой из этих трёх групп животных.
en-ru
Now just to orient you, each box is showing the firing patterns of several cells, and just as in the previous slides, each row is a different cell, and I just made the pulses a little bit smaller and thinner so I could show you a long stretch of data.
Nào, để định hướng cho các bạn nhé, mỗi ô cho thấy kiểu phát xung điện của vài tế bào, và cũng như trong các slide trước vậy, mỗi hàng là một tế bào khác nhau, và tôi chỉ làm các xung điện nhỏ hơn và hẹp hơn một chút, để tôi có thể cho các bạn thấy chuỗi dữ liệu dài hơn.
en-vi
So as you can see, the firing patterns from the blind animal treated with the encoder-transducer really do very closely match the normal firing patterns -- and it's not perfect, but it's pretty good -- and the blind animal treated with the standard prosthetic, the responses really don't.
Както можете да видите, моделите на изстрелване от сляпото животно, третирано с енкодера-датчик са наистина много близки до моделите на нормалната ретина -- не е перфектно, но е доста добро -- а при сляпото животно, третирано с стандартната протеза, отговорите не правят това.
en-bg
And so with the standard method, the cells do fire, they just don't fire in the normal firing patterns because they don't have the right code.
Yani standart yöntem ile, hücreler çıkış üretiyor, bu çıkış normal çıkış dizilerine benzemiyor çünkü doğru kodlar kendilerine gelmiyor.
en-tr
How important is this?
¿Qué es lo importante de esto?
en-es
What's the potential impact on a patient's ability to see?
Quel est l'impact potentiel sur la capacité de voir du patient?
en-fr
So I'm just going to show you one bottom-line experiment that answers this, and of course I've got a lot of other data, so if you're interested I'm happy to show more. So the experiment is called a reconstruction experiment.
Просто ще ви покажа един основополагащ експеримент, който отговаря на това, и разбира се имам много други данни, така че, ако проявите интерес ще съм щастлива да ви покажа повече. Експериментът се нарича експеримент за възстановяване.
en-bg
So what we did is we took a moment in time from these recordings and asked, what was the retina seeing at that moment?
Zapravo smo nakratko ostavili ove snimke te se zapitali što mrežnica trenutno vidi?
en-hr
Can we reconstruct what the retina was seeing from the responses from the firing patterns?
که شبکیه در حال دیدن چه چیزیه ؟ ایا ما میتونیم چیزی که دیده میشه رو از روی الگوهای ارسالیه شبکیه بازسازی کنیم
en-fa
So, when we did this for responses from the standard method and from our encoder and transducer.
Мы проделали это для получения реакции от стандартного метода и от нашего кодера-передатчика.
en-ru
So let me show you, and I'm going to start with the standard method first.
دعوني أريكم .. وسوف أبدأ .. بالمفهوم الاساسي الاول
en-ar
So you can see that it's pretty limited, and because the firing patterns aren't in the right code, they're very limited in what they can tell you about what's out there. So you can see that there's something there, but it's not so clear what that something is, and this just sort of circles back to what I was saying in ...
Можете да видите, че той е доста ограничен, и тъй като моделите на истрелване не са в правилния код, те са много ограничени в това, което могат да ви кажат за това какво има там. Можете да видите, че там има нещо, но не е така ясно какво е то и това просто ни връща обратно към това, което казах в началото, че със станд...
en-bg
So what about with our approach, adding the code? And you can see that it's much better. Not only can you tell that it's a baby's face, but you can tell that it's this baby's face, which is a really challenging task.
O que acontece com a nossa abordagem, acrescentando o código? Podemos ver que é muito melhor. Conseguimos não apenas identificar a cara do bebé, mas saber também que é a cara daquele bebé em especial, o que é algo muito difícil.
en-pt
So on the left is the encoder alone, and on the right is from an actual blind retina, so the encoder and the transducer.
左边是单用编码器的结果 右边是一个实际的失明视网膜 和编码传感器™
en-zh-cn
But the key one really is the encoder alone, because we can team up the encoder with the different transducer.
Fakat burada gerçekten önemli olan kodlayıcı, çünkü kodlayıcıyı farklı dönüştürücülerle birleştirebiliriz.
en-tr
This is just actually the first one that we tried.
這只是我們試用的第一個。
en-zh-tw
I just wanted to say something about the standard method.
我只想說一些有關標準的方法。
en-zh-tw
When this first came out, it was just a really exciting thing, the idea that you even make a blind retina respond at all.
Quand c'est sorti pour la première fois, c'était vraiment enthousiasmant, l'idée que vous pouviez obtenir une réaction quelconque de la rétine.
en-fr
But there was this limiting factor, the issue of the code, and how to make the cells respond better, produce normal responses, and so this was our contribution.
Dar exista un factor limită: emiterea codului și inducerea celulelor de-a răspunde mai bine, de-a produce răspunsuri normale. Asta a fost contribuția noastră.
en-ro
Now I just want to wrap up, and as I was mentioning earlier of course I have a lot of other data if you're interested, but I just wanted to give this sort of basic idea of being able to communicate with the brain in its language, and the potential power of being able to do that.
まとめると 本日は 脳自身の言葉で 脳に情報伝達が可能なこと そして その可能性が持つ 潜在力について 基本的な考え方をお話ししました 先ほど申し上げたとおり データは他にいくらでもありますので 興味のある方には
en-ja
So it's different from the motor prosthetics where you're communicating from the brain to a device. Here we have to communicate from the outside world into the brain and be understood, and be understood by the brain.
Jadi ini berbeda dengan motor protestik di mana Anda berkomunikasi dengan otak dari sebuah alat. Di sini kita berkomunikasi dari dunia luar langsung ke otak dan bisa dipahami oleh otak.
en-id
And then the last thing I wanted to say, really, is to emphasize that the idea generalizes.
Und zuletzt wollte ich betonen, wirklich hervorheben, dass die Idee Grundlagen schafft.
en-de
So the same strategy that we used to find the code for the retina we can also use to find the code for other areas, for example, the auditory system and the motor system, so for treating deafness and for motor disorders.
Strategię odnalezienia kodu siatkówki można również zastosować do znalezienia kodu innych obszarów, np. układu słuchowego i układu ruchu, czyli w leczeniu głuchoty i zaburzeń ruchowych.
en-pl
So just the same way that we were able to jump over the damaged circuitry in the retina to get to the retina's output cells, we can jump over the damaged circuitry in the cochlea to get the auditory nerve, or jump over damaged areas in the cortex, in the motor cortex, to bridge the gap produced by a stroke.
באותה הדרך שבה יכולנו לדלג מעל המעגלים הרשתיים הפגועים, ולהגיע אל תאי הפלט של הרשתית, אנו מסוגלים לדלג מעל החיבור הפגוע בשבלול-האוזן, ולהגיע לעצב השמיעה, או לדלג מעל אזורים פגועים בקורטקס המוטורי, כדי לגשר על הפער שנגרם כתוצאה משבץ.
en-he
I just want to end with a simple message that understanding the code is really, really important, and if we can understand the code, the language of the brain, things become possible that didn't seem obviously possible before. Thank you.
Queria terminar com uma mensagem simples. Que entender o código é muito, muito importante, e que se entendermos o código, a linguagem do cérebro, há coisas que se tornam possíveis que anteriormente nos pareciam impossíveis.
en-pt
So, I kind of believe that we're in like the "cave-painting" era of computer interfaces.
Myslím si, že co se týká uživatelského rozhraní počítače, jsme nyní v období "jeskynních kreseb".
en-cs
Like, they're very kind of -- they don't go as deep or as emotionally engaging as they possibly could be and I'd like to change all that.
比如,电脑界面缺乏应有的深度,也难以调动人的情绪。 我想改变这一切。
en-zh-cn
Hit me.
Los geht's.
en-de
OK. So I mean, this is the kind of status quo interface, right?
اچھا تو میرا مطلب ہے یہ ایک جامد قسم کا رابطے کا ذریعہ ہے، ٹھیک؟
en-ur
It's very flat, kind of rigid.
Много е плосък, някак скован.
en-bg
And OK, so you could sex it up and like go to a much more lickable Mac, you know, but really it's the kind of same old crap we've had for the last, you know, 30 years.
没错,我们可以打扮它一下,把它弄得更像秀色可餐的苹果电脑。 不过,实际上,这仍然是过去用过的旧破烂, 已经用了30年了。
en-zh-cn
(Laughter) (Applause) Like I think we really put up with a lot of crap with our computers.
(笑声)(掌声) 我是说,我觉得我们电脑里的破烂还真不少。
en-zh-cn
I mean it's point and click, it's like the menus, icons, it's all the kind of same thing.
Весь час направляти та клікати, меню, іконки, все це - одне і те ж.
en-uk
And so one kind of information space that I take inspiration from is my real desk.
Eu în schimb m-am inspirat din cum arată biroul meu de acasă.
en-ro
It's so much more subtle, so much more visceral -- you know, what's visible, what's not.
Lebih luwes dan mudah. Mana yang terlihat dan mana yang tidak.
en-id
And I'd like to bring that experience to the desktop.
Şi eu tocmai această experienţă vreau să o confer interfeţei desktop.
en-ro
So I kind of have a -- this is BumpTop.
Δημιούργησα λοιπόν το BumpTop
en-el
It's kind of like a new approach to desktop computing.
이건 컴퓨터 인터페이스에 접근하는 새로운 방식입니다.
en-ko
So you can bump things -- they're all physically, you know, manipulable and stuff.
这样你把东西撞来撞去──它们好像真的接受管控,你可以随意摆放它们。
en-zh-cn
And instead of that point and click, it's like a push and pull, things collide as you'd expect them. Just like on my real desk, I can -- let me just grab these guys -- I can turn things into piles instead of just the folders that we have.
و به جای نشانه گیری و کلیک کردن، مثل این میمونه که هول میدی یا میکشی، چیزها، همینطوری که انتظارش رو دارید، توی هم میرند. درست مثل میز واقعی من، من میتونم -- بذارید من اینا رو بگیرم -- من میتونم چیزها رو روی هم ردیف کنم، به جای فقط این پوشه هایی که ما داریم.
en-fa
And once things are in a pile I can browse them by throwing them into a grid, or you know, flip through them like a book or I can lay them out like a deck of cards.
E uma vez que estão empilhados, eu posso colocá-los em uma grade, ou, sabe, posso folheá-los como em um livro, ou eu posso organizar em forma de cartas de baralho.
en-pt-br
When they're laid out, I can pull things to new locations or delete things or just quickly sort a whole pile, you know, just immediately, right?
Khi được trải ra, tôi có thể kéo chúng qua chỗ khác, xóa hoặc chỉ đơn giản là nhanh chóng sắp xếp lại thứ tự.
en-vi
And then, it's all smoothly animated, instead of these jarring changes you see in today's interfaces.
整個介面非常生動,不像現有的介面那樣呆板老套。
en-zh-tw
Also, if I want to add something to a pile, well, how do I do that?
山に追加したい場合は、どうすれば良いのでしょう?
en-ja
I just toss it to the pile, and it's added right to the top. It's a kind of nice way.
Απλά το πετάω στη στοίβα κι αυτό προστίθεται στην κορυφή.
en-el
Also some of the stuff we can do is, for these individual icons we thought -- I mean, how can we play with the idea of an icon, and push that further?
De asemenea, unele lucruri pe care le putem face pentru aceste iconiţe individuale ne-am gândit -- adică, cum ne putem juca cu ideea de icoană, și să inventăm ceva nou?
en-ro
And one of the things I can do is make it bigger if I want to emphasize it and make it more important.
En sak jag kan göra är att få den större om jag vill framhäva den och göra den viktigare.
en-sv
But what's really cool is that since there's a physics simulation running under this, it's actually heavier. So the lighter stuff doesn't really move but if I throw it at the lighter guys, right?
Aber was wirklich cool ist: Weil es auf einer Simulation von Körpern basiert, ist es auch tatsächlich schwerer. Der leichtere Kram bewegt sich also nicht richtig. Aber wenn ich ihn auf die leichteren Typen schmeiße, sehen Sie?
en-de
(Laughter) So it's cute, but it's also like a subtle channel of conveying information, right?
(Risas) Es lindo, pero también es una manera sutil de brindar información ¿cierto?
en-es
This is heavy so it feels more important. So it's kind of cool.
To, co cięższe, wydaje się ważniejsze.
en-pl
Despite computers everywhere paper really hasn't disappeared, because it has a lot of, I think, valuable properties.
虽然现在电脑到处都是了,但是纸张并没有消失。 因为纸有许多很好的特性。
en-zh-cn
And some of those we wanted to transfer to the icons in our system.
我想把這些特性應用在我們的電腦圖示上,
en-zh-tw
So one of the things you can do to our icons, just like paper, is crease them and fold them, just like paper. Remember, you know, something for later.
所以,我们设计的图标,可以像纸一样揉搓折叠。 跟真的纸一样。
en-zh-cn
Or if you want to be destructive, you can just crumple it up and, you know, toss it to the corner.
А если вы хотите рушить, то можете скомкать ее и знаете, забросить в угол.
en-ru
Also just like paper, around our workspace we'll pin things up to the wall to remember them later, and I can do the same thing here, and you know, you'll see post-it notes and things like that around people's offices.
Dan layaknya kertas-kertas di meja kerja kita kita tempelkan ke dinding untuk diingat, saya dapat melakukannya juga di sini, kita biasa melihat catatan stiker dan semacamnya di meja-meja kantor.
en-id
And I can pull them off when I want to work with them.
Můžu si je sundat, pokud s nimi chci pracovat.
en-cs
So, one of the criticisms of this kind of approach to organization is that, you know, "Okay, well my real desk is really messy. I don't want that mess on my computer."
不過,有人對這種充滿空間感的設計提出了批評。 他們會說:「我的書桌已經夠亂了,我可不想要我的電腦桌面也一樣亂。」
en-zh-tw
So one thing we have for that is like a grid align, kind of -- so you get that more traditional desktop. Things are kind of grid aligned.
Erre az egyik megoldásunk egyfajta rács szerkezet, így megkapod a jóval hagyományosabb asztalt. A dolgok rácsba igazítva jelennek meg.
en-hu
More boring, but you still have that kind of colliding and bumping.
ניתן ליישר אותם. יותר משעמם, אבל עדיין קיימות האופציות של ההתנגשויות וההתקלויות.
en-he
And you can still do fun things like make shelves on your desktop.
デスクトップで本棚を作って楽しむこともできます
en-ja
Let's just break this shelf. Okay, that shelf broke.
Давайте сломаем эту полку. Вот, полка сломалась.
en-ru
I think beyond the icons, I think another really cool domain for this software -- I think it applies to more than just icons and your desktop -- but browsing photographs.
Okay, aquela quebrou. Eu penso além dos ícones, eu penso em outra aplicação legal para esse software -- Eu penso que ele é aplicável a mais do que apenas ícones -- pra navegar fotografias.
en-pt-br
I think you can really enrich the way we browse our photographs and bring it to that kind of shoebox of, you know, photos with your family on the kitchen table kind of thing.
Jag tycker att vi verkligen kan fördjupa hur man gör det och få samma upplevelse som med en skokartong med familjebilder på köksbordet ungefär.
en-sv
I can toss these things around. They're so much more tangible and touchable -- and you know I can double-click on something to take a look at it.
میں ان چیزوں کو آس پاس اچھال سکتا ہوں۔ یہ بہت حد تک ٹھوس ہیں اور ان کو چھوا جا سکتا ہے -- اور آپ کو معلوم ہے کہ میں کسی چیز کو دو دفعہ کلک کر کے اس کے بارے میں مزید جان سکتا ہوں۔
en-ur
And I can do all that kind of same stuff I showed you before.
而且我剛剛示範過的效果都能應用在相片瀏覽上,
en-zh-tw