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This is Beethoven. | Dit is Beethoven. | en-nl |
Now why would we know what Beethoven's skull looks like? | 我們怎麼知道貝多芬的頭骨長這樣? | en-zh-tw |
Because his grave was exhumed. | Γιατί έχει εκταφεί. | en-el |
And it turns out that his temporal bones were harvested when he died to try to look at the cause of his deafness, which is why he has molding clay and his skull is bulging out on the side there. | Blijkt dat zijn slaapbeenderen weggenomen werden bij zijn dood om de oorzaak van zijn doofheid te bestuderen. Daarom zit er boetseerklei en heeft zijn schedel daar een bult opzij. | en-nl |
But Beethoven composed music long after he lost his hearing. | Но Бетховен сочинял музыку долгое время и после потери слуха. | en-ru |
What that suggests is that, even in the case of hearing loss, the capacity for music remains. | Isso sugere que, mesmo no caso de perda de audição, a capacidade musical mantém-se. | en-pt |
The brains remain hardwired for music. | 大腦還是可以接受音樂 | en-zh-tw |
I've been very lucky to work with Dr. David Ryugo where I've been working on deaf cats that are white and trying to figure out what happens when we give them cochlear implants. | Sunt foarte norocos sa lucrez cu Dr. David Ryogo unde lucram pe pisici surde care sunt apte si incercam sa intelegem ce se intampla cand le punem implant cohlear | en-ro |
This is a cat that's been trained to respond to a trumpet for food. | חתול זה אולף להגיב לחצוצרה כדי לקבל אוכל. | en-he |
(Music) Text: Beethoven doesn't excite her. | (Muzica) Text: Beethoven nu o stimuleaza. | en-ro |
(Music) The "1812 Overture" isn't worth waking for. | (Zene) Az 1812-es Nyitányért nem érdemes felkelni. | en-hu |
(Trumpet) But she jumps to action when called to duty! | (Trompet) Maar ze is meteen paraat als de plicht roept! | en-nl |
(Trumpet) CL: Now I'm not suggesting that the cat is hearing that trumpet the way we're hearing it. | (트럼펫) 찰스 림 : 제가 드리고 싶은 얘기는 저 고양이가, 우리가 듣는 것처럼 트럼펫 소리를 감지 한 것은 아니라는 것입니다. | en-ko |
I'm suggesting that with training you can imbue a musical sound with significance, even in a cat. | Я предполагаю, что с практикой можно наполнить музыкальный звук значимостью, даже для кота. | en-ru |
If we were to direct efforts towards training cochlear implant users to hear music -- because right now there's virtually no effort put towards that, no rehabilitative strategies, very little in the way of technological advances to actually improve music -- we would come a long way. | Se ci impegnassimo ad allenare gli impiantati a udire la musica -- dato che adesso praticamente non c'è impegno in tal direzione, nessuna strategia riabilitativa, e poco sviluppo in tecnologie che migliorino davvero l'ascolto musicale, faremmo molta strada. | en-it |
Now I want to show you one last video. | Ik wil jullie één laatste video tonen. | en-nl |
And this is of a student of mine named Joseph who I had the good fortune to work with for three years in my lab. | Mojego studenta, Joseph'a, z którym miałem przyjemność pracować przez 3 lata w moim laboratorium. | en-pl |
He's deaf, and he learned to play the piano after he received the cochlear implant. | هو أصم، وتعلم العزف على البيانو وقال أنه خضع لزراعة قوقعة | en-ar |
And here's a video of Joseph. | Ось відео Джозефа. | en-uk |
(Music) (Video) Joseph: I was born in 1986. | (Μουσική)♪♫ (Βίντεο) Joseph: Γεννήθηκα το 1986. | en-el |
And at about four months old, I was diagnosed with profoundly severe hearing loss. | 生後４か月になったころ 僕は聴力がないと診断されました | en-ja |
Not long after, I was fitted with hearing aids. | לא הרבה לאחר מכן, הובאו לי עזרי שמיעה. | en-he |
But although these hearing aids were the most powerful hearing aids on the market at the time, they weren't very helpful. | Ama bu işitme cihazları her ne kadar o dönemde piyasadaki en güçlü cihazlar da olsa, yeteri kadar yardımcı değillerdi. | en-tr |
So as a result, I had to rely on lip reading a lot, and I couldn't really hear what people were saying. | 결국 저는 상대방의 입술을 읽는 법에 많이 의존했고 사람들이 말하는 것은 거의 듣지 못했습니다. | en-ko |
When I was 12 years old, I was one of the first few people in Singapore who underwent cochlear implantation. | Когда мне было 12 лет, я стал одним из первых в Сингапуре, кому провели кохлеарное имплантирование. | en-ru |
And not long after I got my cochlear implant, I started learning how to play piano. | És nem sokkal azután, hogy megkaptam a csiga implantátumot, elkezdtem megtanulni zongorázni. | en-hu |
And it was absolutely wonderful. | Foi absolutamente maravilhoso. | en-pt |
Since then, I've never looked back. | Od té doby jsem toho nikdy nelitoval. | en-cs |
CL: Joseph is phenomenal. He's brilliant. | CL: Ο Joseph είναι απίστευτος. Είναι αξιοθαύμαστος. | en-el |
He is now a medical student at Yale University, and he's contemplating a surgical career -- one of the first deaf individuals to consider a career in surgery. | Тепер він студент медицини в Єльському університеті, і він подумує про кар'єру хірурга - один з перших глухих людей, що розглядають кар'єру в хірургії. | en-uk |
There are almost no deaf surgeons anywhere. | Neslyšících chirurgů je jako šafránu. | en-cs |
And this is really unheard of stuff, and this is all because of this technology. | Dat is echt ongehoord, en het komt allemaal door die technologie. | en-nl |
And the fact that he can play the piano like that is a testament to his brain. | Et le fait qu’il puisse jouer du piano comme ça c’est une preuve pour son cerveau. | en-fr |
Truth of the matter is you can play the piano without a cochlear implant, because all you have to do is press the keys at the right time. | 사실은 여러분 모두 달팽이관 이식 없이 피아노를 칠 수 있지요. 왜냐면 올바른 순간에 피아노의 건반을 누르기만 하면 되니까요. | en-ko |
You don't actually have to hear it. | Δε χρειάζεται να το ακούς. | en-el |
I know he doesn't hear well, because I've heard him do Karaoke. | So che l'effetto è sgradevole, perché l'ho sentito durante il Karaoke. | en-it |
(Laughter) And it's one of the most awful things -- heartwarming, but awful. | (خنده تماشاگران) و این یکی از بدترین چیزهاست--- دلگرم کننده، اما هولناکه. | en-fa |
(Laughter) And so there is certainly a lot of hope, but there's a lot more that needs to be done. | (Nevetés) Mindenképpen van remény, de még sok minden van hátra. | en-hu |
So I just want to conclude with the following words. | ดังนั้นผมต้องการที่จะสรุปว่า | en-th |
When it comes to restoration of hearing, we have certainly come a long way, a remarkably long way. | Konu duymanın iyileştirilmesine gelince, gerçekten iyi yol katettik. | en-tr |
And we have a much longer way to go when it comes to the idea of restoring perfect hearing. | そして完全な聴力の回復を求めると まだまだ道のりは長く先へ先へと続きます | en-ja |
And let me tell you right now, it's fine that we would all be very happy with speech. | Devo dirvelo: saremmo tutti molto contenti di poter risentire le parole. | en-it |
But I tell you, if we lost our hearing, if anyone here suddenly lost your hearing, you would want perfect hearing back. | Mais je vous dis, si nous perdions l’audition, si n’importe qui ici perdait tout à coup l’audition, vous souhaiteriez récupérer une audition parfaite. | en-fr |
You wouldn't want decent hearing, you would want perfect hearing. | לא הייתם מסתפקים בשמיעה חלקית, אלא רוצים שמיעה מושלמת. | en-he |
Restoration of basic sensory function is critical. | Przywracanie podstawowych funkcji zmysłów ma kluczowe znaczenie. | en-pl |
And I don't mean to understate how important it is to restore basic function. | І я не хочу недооцінити важливість відновлення основної функції. | en-uk |
But it's really restoration of the ability to perceive beauty where we can get inspiring. | אך זהו שיחזור היכולת לחוש יופי אליו אנו צריכים לשאוף. | en-he |
And I don't think that we should give up on beauty. | E non penso che dovremmo rinunciarci. | en-it |
And I want to thank you for your time. | Dziękuję za poświęcony mi czas. | en-pl |
I just want to start with a little bit of a word of warning, and that is: my job here tonight is to be a little bit of a "doctor bring-me-down." | Quero começar com uma palavra de aviso, que é: o meu trabalho aqui esta noite é um pouco de "o médico deprimente". | en-pt |
So bear with me for a few minutes, and know that after this, things will get lighter and brighter. | Así que concédanme unos minutos y sepan que, después de esto, el tono será más ligero y alegre. | en-es |
So let's start. | لذا هيا نبدأ. | en-ar |
I know that many of you have heard the traveler's adage, "Take nothing but pictures, leave nothing but footprints." | Sé que muchos de Uds. han escuchado el proverbio del viajero: "No tomen nada salvo fotos, no dejen nada salvo huellas." | en-es |
Well, I'm going to say I don't think that's either as benign nor as simple as it sounds, particularly for those of us in industries who are portraying people in poor countries, in developing countries and portraying the poor. | Söylemem gerek, bence bu, ne naif, ne de anlaşıldığı kadar basit. Özellikle yoksul ülkelerdeki, gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki insanları tasvir eden işlerde çalışan bizler için. | en-tr |
And those of us in those industries are reporters, researchers and people working for NGOs; I suspect there are a lot of us in those industries in the audience. | Et ceux d'entre nous dans ces domaines sont journalistes, chercheurs et travailleurs pour des ONG ; je suppose que beaucoup d'entre nous ici présents sont de ces secteurs. | en-fr |
We're going overseas and bringing back pictures like this: of the utterly distressed or the displaced or the hungry or the child laborers or the exotic. | Vi reser till andra sidan jorden och kommer tillbaka med bilder som dessa, av de oerhört nödställda, de fördrivna, de hungriga, av barnarbetare, eller av det exotiska. | en-sv |
Now, Susan Sontag reminds us that photographs, in part, help define what we have the right to observe, but more importantly, they are an ethics of seeing. | Susan Sontag nos lembra que fotos, em parte, ajudam a definir nosso direito de observar, porém, e mais importante, elas são um tipo de ética da percepção. | en-pt-br |
And I think right now is a good time to review our ethics of seeing, as our industries of reporting and research and NGO work are collapsing and changing, in part, by what's being driven by what's happening in the economy. | Мне кажется, пришло время пересмотреть наши взгляды на этику наблюдения, поскольку журналистика, общественная и исследовательская работа сегодня меняются до неузнаваемости. Отчасти это связано с тем, что сейчас происходит с экономикой. | en-ru |
But it's making us forge new relationships. | tutto ciò sta contribuendo alla costruzione di nuovi legami. | en-it |
And those new relationships have some fuzzy boundaries. | وهذه العلاقات الجديدة بها بعض الحدود الغامضة. | en-ar |
I worked at the edge of some of these fuzzy boundaries, and I want to share with you some of my observations. | Trabalhei desde o início em alguns desses limites e quero compartilhar com vocês algumas de minhas observações. | en-pt-br |
My ethics of seeing is informed by 25 years as a reporter covering emerging economies and international relations. | Mon éthique de vue se base sur 25 ans de carrière comme journaliste couvrant les pays émergents et les relations internationales. | en-fr |
And I believe in a free and independent press. | Y creo en una prensa libre e independiente. | en-es |
I believe that journalism is a public good. | Acredito que o jornalismo é um bem público. | en-pt |
But it's getting harder to do that job, in part, because of the massive layoffs, because the budgets for international reporting aren't there anymore, new technologies and new platforms begging new content, and there are a lot of new journalisms. | Mas este trabalho está cada vez mais difícil em parte, devido à redução maciça de pessoal, porque já não há orçamento para reportagens internacionais, as novas tecnologias e plataformas exigem novos conteúdos e há imensos jornalismos novos. | en-pt |
There's activist journalism, humanitarian journalism, peace journalism, and we are all looking to cover the important stories of our time. | 활동가 저널리즘, 인도주의 저널리즘, 평화 저널리즘이 있고, 우리 모두는 시대의 중요한 이야기를 다루기 위해서 소재를 찾습니다. | en-ko |
So we're going to NGOs and asking them if we can embed in their projects. | 所以我們找非政府組織， 詢問是否能加入他們的專案。 | en-zh-tw |
This is in part because they're doing important work in interesting places. | En parte porque realizan una labor importante en lugares interesantes. | en-es |
That's one example here: this is a project I worked on in the Blue Nile in Ethiopia. | Till exempel, det här projektet som jag jobbade på i floden Blå Nilen i Etiopien. | en-sv |
NGOs understand the benefits of having reporters tag along on their team. | Las ONGs entienden los beneficios de tener reporteros que las acompañen en su equipo. | en-es |
They need the publicity, they are under tremendous pressure, they're competing in a very crowded market for compassion. | Necesitan la publicidad, están bajo muchísima presión, compiten por la compasión en un mercado muy saturado. | en-es |
So they're also looking to reporters and to hire freelance reporters to help them develop their public relations material and their media material. | Ayrıca halkla ilişkiler ve medya materyalleri için muhabirlere ihtiyaç duyuyorlar. | en-tr |
Now, researchers are also under pressure. | Gli stessi ricercatori sono spesso sotto pressione. | en-it |
They're under pressure to communicate their science outside of the academy. | Sức ép nhằm truyền đạt khoa học ra ngoài tháp ngà hàn lâm. | en-vi |
So they're collaborating with reporters, because for many researchers, it's difficult for them to write a simple story or a clear story. | Así que colaboran con los reporteros, porque para muchos investigadores, es difícil escribir una historia sencilla o clara. | en-es |
And the benefit for reporters is that covering field research is some of the best work out there. | Por outro lado, os repórteres se beneficiam, pois a cobertura no campo das pesquisas é considerada uma das mais produtivas. | en-pt-br |
You not only get to cover science, but you get to meet interesting scientists, like my PhD advisor Revi Sterling, she, of the magic research high tops there. | 他们不仅能够报道科学， 还能见到一些有趣的科学家。 就像我的博士指导教授Revi Sterling， 她是顶级的科研者。 | en-zh-cn |
And it was a discussion with Revi that brought us to the edge of the researcher and reporter, that fuzzy boundary. | وكانت المناقشة مع (ريفى) هي ما أوصلنا لحافة المراسل والباحث، هذه الحدود غير الواضحة. | en-ar |
And I said to her, "I was looking forward to going to developing countries and doing research and covering stories at the same time." | Ona şunları söyledim, "Gelişmekte olan ülkelere gidip hem araştırma hem de haber yapmak istiyorum." | en-tr |
She said, "I don't think so, girlfriend." | O ise, "Hiç sanmıyorum, arkadaşım." | en-tr |
And that confusion, that mutual confusion, drove us to publish a paper on the conflicting ethics and the contradictory practices of research and reporting. | 那種困惑，那種相互的困惑， 驅使我們出版了一篇論文， 內容是關於研究和報導 之間的倫理衝突 以及做法矛盾。 | en-zh-tw |
We started with the understanding that researchers and reporters are distant cousins, equally storytellers and social analysts. | Comenzamos con el acuerdo de que investigadores y reporteros son primos lejanos, narradores y analistas sociales por igual. | en-es |
But we don't see nor portray developing communities the same way. | Pero no vemos ni mostramos a las comunidades en desarrollo | en-es |
Here's a very classic example. This is Somalia, 1992. | Itt egy klasszikus példa. Szomália, 1992-ben. | en-hu |
It could be Somalia today. | Сомали и сегодня может выглядеть так же. | en-ru |
And this is a standard operating procedure for much of the news video and the news pictures that you see, where a group of reporters will be trucked in, escorted to the site of a disaster, they'll produce their material, take their pictures, get their interviews, and then they'll be escorted out. | 這是一個標準作業程序， 各位平常看到的新聞影片和圖片 大部分都要這個程序， 這個程序就是， 一群記者會被用卡車載進來， 被護送到災難發生的地點， 在這裡他們會 製作他們要的素材，拍他們要的 照片，取得他們的要的訪談， 接著他們會被護送出去。 | en-zh-tw |
This is decidedly not a research setting. | Bu kesinlikle araştırma ortamı değildir. | en-tr |
Now, sometimes, we're working on feature stories. | Ahora bien, a veces trabajamos en reportajes especiales. | en-es |
This is an image I took of a woman in Bhongir Village in Andhra Pradesh in India. | 이 사진은 제가 인도의 안드라 프라데시에 있는 부베니지리 마을의 여성을 찍은 것입니다. | en-ko |
She's at a microfinance meeting. | Ela está numa reunião de microfinanças. | en-pt |
It's a terrific story. | Это невероятная история. | en-ru |
What's important here is that she is identifiable. | Wichtig ist: Die Frau ist real. | en-de |
You can see her face. | تستطيع رؤية وجهها. | en-ar |
This also is not a research picture. | وهذه ليست صورة بحث أيضًا. | en-ar |
This is much more representative of a research picture. | Esta representa mucho mejor una fotografía de investigación. | en-es |
It's a research site: you see young women accessing new technologies. | Es ist ein Forschungsstandort: Man sieht junge Frauen, die moderne Technik nutzen. | en-de |
It's more of a time stamp, it's a documentation of research. | C'est plus un marqueur temporel, c'est une documentation de recherche. | en-fr |
I couldn't use this for news. | Não poderia usar isso como notícia. | en-pt-br |
It doesn't tell enough, and it wouldn't sell. | Оно мало о чём говорит, такое фото не продашь. | en-ru |
But then, the differences are even deeper than that. | De a különbségek még mélyebbek. | en-hu |
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