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Because, in addition, the astronauts aren't weighed down, so they stretch, growing about one inch. | Porque, además, los astronautas no pesan; entonces, se estiran, crecen, 2 a 3 centímetros. | en-es |
And this produces pain. | Y eso produce dolores. | en-es |
Short people don't have expectations, because when you return, you shrink -- (Laughter) So, at this moment, we are all working to ease this type of pain, creating a "super skin suit", that is the suit that the astronauts use here, that we tried for the first time three months ago. | Os baixinhos não tenham ilusões porque, quando eles voltam, encolhem... (Risos) Neste momento, estamos a trabalhar para acalmar esse tipo de dores fazendo um "super skin suit" que é o fato que este astronauta tem, e que testámos, pela primeira vez há três meses. | en-pt |
I was telling you about the rotation of the Earth, and the alternating day and night. | Já vos falei da rotação da Terra e da alternância entre o dia e a noite. | en-pt |
When this alternation is missing, all of our physiology is affected. | Quando não há essa alternância, toda a fisiologia fica afetada, | en-pt |
And, of course, that together with all of the circadian rhythms and all of the physiological variables. | assim como o conjunto de todos os ritmos circadianos, de todas as variáveis fisiológicas. | en-pt |
From the first flights to space, we learned that the astronauts didn't sleep well. | Desde os primeiros voos espaciais, comprovámos que os astronautas não dormiam bem. | en-pt |
The quantity and quality were altered. | A quantidade e a qualidade estavam alteradas. | en-pt |
The body temperature as well. | A temperatura corporal também. | en-pt |
Sleep, temperature, metabolism, nutrition -- because with all of these metabolic changes that I was mentioning, nutrition is affected. | O sonho, a temperatura, o metabolismo, a nutrição — porque, com todas as alterações metabólicas que referi a nutrição é afetada. | en-pt |
Above all, the environment of the space station, with the long working hours from 8 am to 10 pm, so they can execute all of the protocols, that we give them to do. | E sobretudo, o meio ambiente da estação espacial, as grandes jornadas de trabalho, das 8 da manhã às 10 da noite, para poderem executar todos os protocolos que nós lhes damos para fazer. | en-pt |
And also the constant noise of ventilation, up to 60 to 70 decibels to circulate the air. | Além disso, o ruído permanente da ventilação, até 60 a 70 decibéis, para fazer circular o ar. | en-pt |
The light that isn't that bright. | A luz, que não é demasiado intensa. | en-pt |
However, in 30 years of research, we have been able to improve a few of the working conditions. | Ao longo de 30 anos de investigação, temos conseguido melhorar um pouco as condições de trabalho. | en-pt |
The simple things: a comfortable sleeping bag, which produces in space the same pleasing sensation that we feel when we go to lie down and are between the sheets. | Con cosas simples: una bolsa de dormir confortable, que reproduce en el espacio la misma sensación de placer que tenemos nosotros cuando nos vamos a acostar y estamos bajo las sábanas. | en-es |
Also, the nutrition: It's not only to cover nutritional and metabolic needs -- because you have to be really hungry to want to eat this -- (Laughter) But also, to take well into account the psychological aspect and the taste. | A nutrição também não é apenas para cobrir as necessidades nutricionais ou metabólicas, — porque há que ter muita fome para ter vontade de comer isto — (Risos) mas também tem em conta | en-pt |
That's why the astronaut in red, Luca Parmitano, who is a friend of mine, brought to the station his Mom's lasagna, to share with the entire crew. | o aspeto psicológico e o paladar. Por isso, o astronauta Luca Parmitano, de vermelho, que é meu amigo, levou para a estação a lasanha da mamã, para partilhá-la com toda a tripulação. | en-pt |
That's a really special moment for them. | Este é um momento muito especial para eles. | en-pt |
And we realized that we as doctors and researchers, have made some progress. | É assim que nós, os médicos e investigadores, percebemos que temos feito alguns progressos. | en-pt |
At this time, we are able to enable astronauts to live and work for a period of time in space and bring them back to Earth, all in all, in good health. | Neste momento, conseguimos fazer com que os astronautas vivam e trabalhem no espaço, durante certo tempo, e voltem para a Terra, em geral, de boa saúde. | en-pt |
I see a lot of young people in this room, that are very lucky because at this time, we are starting a new era in space exploration. | Yo veo muchos jóvenes en la sala. Y tienen mucha suerte, porque en este momento, estamos empezando una nueva era en la exploración del espacio. | en-es |
I told you that the Space Station was in the suburbs. | Yo les dije que la estación espacial estaba en el suburbio. | en-es |
We are returning to the Moon now, on our way to Mars. | Estamos volviendo a la luna ahora; camino a Marte. | en-es |
Did you realize this? | ¿Se dan cuenta? | en-es |
Only 12 men have had the luck to walk and work on the Moon for a few hours or almost three days. | Só 12 homens tiveram a sorte de poder caminhar e trabalhar na Lua, entre umas horas e quase três dias. | en-pt |
The highlight images that you are seeing right now, are not science fiction. | As imagens de síntese que estão agora a ver, não são ficção científica. | en-pt |
Our daily work at this time, from what we are seeing is going to happen: the first construction robots will recover the lunar dust, the regolith, to build the first shelter -- starting in 2025. | En nuestro trabajo cotidiano, en este momento, lo que están viendo es lo que va a pasar... los primeros robots constructores que van a recuperar el polvo lunar, la regolita, para construir el primer abrigo a partir de 2025. | en-es |
After the first building is done, three years after that, man will arrive. | Depois de estar feita a primeira construção, três anos depois, chegará o homem. | en-pt |
First, for a few days. | Primeiro, por uns dias. | en-pt |
And later, they will stay for a few months. | Y después, se va a instalar en unos meses. | en-es |
This is very fast in the video -- it will take 3 months to do it. | Eso es muy rápido en vídeo... van a tardar más de 3 meses en hacerlo. | en-es |
There they will have their little house. | Entonces allí, tendrán su pequeña casa. | en-es |
For us it is a huge challenge. | Para nosotros, es un desafío enorme. | en-es |
We have to anticipate new training protocols so the astronauts, when they are walking on the Moon, will be ready for anything that can happen. | Temos que prever novos protocolos de treino para que os astronautas, quando caminharem sobre a lua, possam estar preparados para qualquer eventualidade, | en-pt |
We also have to have or engineer health monitoring systems to be able to check on them, to detect any problems, and to be able to diagnose them. | Tenemos también que tener o ingeniar sistemas de monitoreo de salud para poder controlarlos, para detectar si hay un problema, tenemos que poder hacer el diagnóstico. | en-es |
And if a problem exists, we have to intervene therapeutically, without any doctor close by. | Y ese problema existe, tenemos que intervenir terapéuticamente, sin asistencia médica cercana. | en-es |
That is something very important to us. | Isto, para nós, é muito importante. | en-pt |
And this trip to the Moon is only the first chapter, to continue on to Mars, the target. | Isto de ir à Lua é apenas a primeira etapa, para seguir para Marte que é o objetivo. | en-pt |
Did you know? | Sabem uma coisa? | en-pt |
After many years of working in the space field, at NASA and the European Space Agency, I am starting to realize with my colleges, that at this time, we are facing the same type of problems that our predecessors had, the doctors for the Apollo program. | Depois de muitos anos a trabalhar na área do espaço, na NASA e na Agência Espacial Europeia, dou-me conta, com os meus colegas, que, neste momento, estamos a enfrentar o mesmo tipo de problemas que tiveram os nossos antecessores, os médicos do projeto Apolo. | en-pt |
The Apollo program, in my youth, like all of my generation, we dreamed about this program. | Esse projeto Apolo, com que toda a minha juventude, — como toda a minha geração — sonhou. | en-pt |
And inevitably, this project to put a man on the Moon, influenced my choice and professional path. | E indefectiblemente, ese proyecto del hombre a la luna, influenció en mi elección y en mi orientación profesional. | en-es |
And now this program is still relevant. | Agora, esse projeto continua presente. | en-pt |
It's because of this, above all for the young people, I want to tell you that I really hope that you can dream and that you can live by it. | Es por eso, sobre todo, para los jóvenes, yo quisiera decirles, que yo espero, pero sobre todo, deseo realmente que puedan soñar, que vivan eso. | en-es |
In this short time that I was here with you, I hope that I have passed on a little of my enthusiasm and passion. | Y con este poco tiempo que he estado con Uds. yo espero haberles pasado un poco de mi entusiasmo de mi pasión. | en-es |
The movie "Straight Outta Compton" comes out. I'm so excited. | "Straight Outta Compton" filmi çıkıyor. | en-tr |
I'm from LA, so this movie is particularly close to my heart. | Çok heyecanalıyım. Ben Los Angeles'lıyım o yüzden bu film özellikle kalbime yakın. | en-tr |
I saw it in theaters three times. | Sinemada tam üç defa izledim | en-tr |
So I'm cruising the Internet devouring everything I can about this movie. | Navego pela internet devorando tudo que posso sobre esse filme. | en-pt-br |
I come across the casting call. | Encontro o anúncio do teste de elenco. | en-pt-br |
This movie has already come out and I'm no actress, so I wouldn't actually audition, but I just wondered, hypothetically, if I did, what role would I get? | 虽然这部电影已经上映了, 而且我也不是演员， 所以我并不会参加试镜。 我只是在想，假如我去的话， 我会得到哪个角色？ | en-zh-cn |
I look at the casting call, I'm going down the categories, and I start at the top: the A girls. | Leio o anúncio do teste de elenco, vejo as categorias e começo pelo topo: garotas tipo A. | en-pt-br |
The casting call reads: "These are the hottest of the hottest, models, must have real hair, no extensions." | 选角广告这么写着： “性感中的性感，最性感的模特儿， 头发得是真的，不准接发。” | en-zh-cn |
Well, since I have 20 inches of Brazilian hair extensions on my head, doesn't quite apply to me. | Bueno, como tengo 50 cm de extensiones de cabello brasileño en mi cabeza, no se aplica a mí realmente. | en-es |
But that's fine. | Mais ce n'est pas grave. | en-fr |
I go to the next category: the B girls. | Je passe à la catégorie suivante : les filles B. | en-fr |
The casting call reads: "These are fine girls, long natural hair, must have light skin, Beyoncé's the prototype hit here." | Voici l'appel à casting : « Belles filles, longs cheveux naturels, doivent avoir la peau claire, nous recherchons le prototype Beyoncé. | en-fr |
Light skin? | ¿Piel clara? | en-es |
Also not me. | Tampoco soy yo. | en-es |
And might I add: not even Beyoncé made the cut to be an A girl. | Y podría agregar: ni siquiera Beyoncé califica para ser una chica "A". | en-es |
(Laughter) I go to the next category: the C girls. | (Rires) Je passe à la catégorie suivante : les filles C. | en-fr |
The casting call reads: "These are African American girls, can have extensions, must be medium to light skin toned." | 选角广告这么写着： “非裔美国人， 可以接发，肤色中等偏浅。” | en-zh-cn |
Now, maybe back when I lived in Boston, in the middle of the winter can I get away with being "medium skin toned," but since I've come back to sunny California where I spend all my free time baking in the sun, not so much. | Tal vez cuando vivía en Boston, en medio del invierno, podía decirse que tenía "piel de tono medio", pero desde que volví a la soleada California, donde paso todo mi tiempo libre asándome al sol, no tanto. | en-es |
So I scroll all the way down to the last category: the D girls. | Böylece en aşağıya kadar iniyorum en sonuncu kategoriye: D kızlarına. | en-tr |
The casting call reads: "These are African American girls, poor, not in good shape, must have a darker skin tone." | Voici l'appel à casting : « Filles afro-américaines, pauvres, pas très en forme, doivent avoir la peau plus foncée. | en-fr |
A darker skin tone. | Daha koyu ten rengi. | en-tr |
Well, I guess that's me: a D girl. | 那就是我了。 D 组女孩。 | en-zh-cn |
When I first read this, I felt betrayed. | Bunu ilk okuduğumda, kendimi ihanete uğramış hissettim. | en-tr |
Any given year, there are just a handful of movies starring black actors and actresses, just a handful of opportunities when people can see actresses that look like me, on the big screen, and see that we are fierce and beautiful and desirable. | En un año cualquiera, hay muy pocas películas protagonizadas por actores y actrices negros, solo un puñado de oportunidades para que la gente vea actrices que se parecen a mí en la pantalla grande y vea que somos fuertes, bellas y deseables. | en-es |
So I felt betrayed. | Me sentí traicionada. | en-es |
Not even in these small circles I'm allowed to feel beautiful? | Même dans ce cercle restreint, je n'ai pas le droit de me sentir belle ? | en-fr |
I felt shoved aside for those of more "favorable" features: light skin, light eyes, long, soft real hair. | Je me suis sentie méprisée par rapport aux femmes aux traits plus « favorables » : peau claire, yeux clairs, cheveux longs soyeux et naturels. | en-fr |
But the more I thought about it, the more the feeling of betrayal slipped away for the more familiar feeling of "that's just the way it is" because in my world, this phenomenon is all too familiar. | Mais plus j'y pensais, plus ce sentiment de trahison se dissipait pour faire place à un sentiment plus familier : « C'est comme ça... » car dans mon monde, ce phénomène ne m'est que trop familier. | en-fr |
Something just as sinister and subtle as racism: Colorism, the discrimination of those with a darker skin tone, typically among individuals within the same racial or ethnic group. | Irkçılık kadar kurnaz ve üstü kapalı bir şey: Renkçilik, daha koyu ten rengine sahip olanlara karşı yapılan ayrımcılık, genellikle aynı ırk ve etnik gruba ait kişiler arasında gerçekleşir. | en-tr |
The story of colorism in the US begins with slavery. | El colorismo en EE.UU. empieza con la esclavitud. | en-es |
The mass rape of African slave females by white male slave masters gave birth to a cohort of mixed-race slave children. | Les viols de masse d'esclaves africaines par les maîtres blancs a donné naissance à une cohorte d'enfants esclaves métisses. | en-fr |
These mixed-race slaves are related to the slave masters and had more Anglo features, and were given preferential treatment and allowed to work inside the house, doing less strenuous work, as opposed to the darker skinned slaves that had to work out in the fields, doing more laborious work. | Esses escravos mestiços tinham parentesco com os mestres e feições mais europeias, recebiam tratamento preferencial e podiam trabalhar dentro de casa, num trabalho menos cansativo, ao contrário dos escravos de pele escura, que tinham de trabalhar nos campos, em trabalhos mais cansativos. | en-pt-br |
Even after slavery was abolished, whites still gave more preferential treatment to blacks that had more Anglo-type features, giving them better access to jobs, housing and education. | 即使奴隶制度废除了以后， 白人还继续让混血黑人 拥有特殊待遇， 给他们更好的工作、 教育、和住房的机会。 | en-zh-cn |
The thing is, though, even within the black community, black people used skin tone and facial features to discriminate against each other. | Or, même au sein de la communauté noire, les noirs se basent sur la couleur et les traits du visage pour se discriminer entre eux. | en-fr |
They would only allow entrance into sororities, fraternities or elite social clubs to blacks that were able to display Anglo-type features. | Sadece Anglo-tarzı yüz hatlarına sahip siyahilerin kızlar birliklerine, kardeşliklere, elit sosyal klüplere girmelerine izin veriyorlardı. | en-tr |
They'd go through a series of tests to see if you fit the bill. | Pasaban por una serie de pruebas para ver si uno era "adecuado". | en-es |
One well-known test was the "brown paper bag" test. | Un test très répandu était celui du « sac en papier marron ». | en-fr |
Where if you were lighter than a brown paper bag, you're in! | se você fosse mais claro que uma sacola de papel pardo, estava dentro! | en-pt-br |
But if you were darker than a brown paper bag, you're out. | Mais si vous étiez plus foncé, vous étiez recalé. | en-fr |
Another well-known test was the pencil test, where they would take a pencil and run it through your hair to make sure that it's straight enough so the pencil wouldn't get stuck. | Otra prueba conocida era la "prueba del lápiz": Pasaban un lápiz a lo largo de tu cabello para ver si era lo suficientemente lacio como para que el lápiz no se atore. | en-es |
The last test was called the shadow test, where they would take a flashlight and shine it against your profile and look at the shadow that your profile made against the wall. | Son teste gölge testi denirdi, Yüzünüze yandan bir el feneri tutarlardı ve profilinizin duvarda yaptığı gölgeye bakarlardı. | en-tr |
And if it matched that of a white person's profile, you're fine. | 如果跟白人的侧影很像的话 那就没问题。 | en-zh-cn |
But if it didn't, you're out. | pero si no, estás fuera. | en-es |
Now, though these practices are no longer in effect today, the effects of them are still very much so present. | 现在，虽然这些陋规已不复见了， 但是其影响至今犹存。 | en-zh-cn |
I remember a common "compliment" I would often get in middle and high school, often told to me by other black males; it went to the effect of: "Oh! You're so pretty for a dark skinned girl." | 还记得，中学和高中 我常收到一种 “赞美” 多数是黑人男性对我说： “哇，你好漂亮！ 对肤色深黑的女孩来说。” | en-zh-cn |
And it doesn't help that the media continues to place a premium on lighter skin by retouching and photoshopping the skin of actresses of color before putting them on the cover of magazines, as can be seen here, here, here and even here. | Ve medyanın dergilerin kapaklarına koymadan önce renkli tenli aktrislerin ten renkleriyle oynayıp, fotoşoplayarak açık ten rengi üzerine bir öncelik koyması da hiç yardımcı olmuyor, burada gördüğünüz gibi, burada, burada ve hatta burada bile. | en-tr |
Now, colorism is not just isolated to the US, its effects are global, as best illustrated by the skin-lightening and skin-bleaching creams all over the world. | Mais le colorisme ne se limite pas aux États-Unis, ses effets sont mondiaux, comme l'atteste la présence de crèmes éclaircissantes et blanchissantes partout dans le monde. | en-fr |
In India and Asia alone, skin lightening and skin bleaching is a multi-billion dollar business. | Solo en India y Asia, estas cremas representan un negocio multimillonario. | en-es |
Despite the harmful toxins that are present in these products, people are still willing to take the risk and use them in order to achieve what they are led to believe is beautiful. | Bu ürünlerin içindeki zararlı toksinlere karşın, insanlar güzel olduğuna inandırıldıkları şeyi elde etmek için bu riski alıp bu ürünleri kullanmaya istekliler. | en-tr |
And beauty products have flocked on this insight. | Y los fabricantes han sacado provecho de esa visión. | en-es |
One known brand, "Vaseline," even partnered with Facebook to come up with an app that would lighten the skin of you profile picture in order to promote their skin-lightening cream. | 有名的品牌“凡士林” 甚至跟脸书合作 推出了一个APP可以 让个人资料照片的肤色变浅， 为了宣传他们的美白霜。 | en-zh-cn |
And you can't travel throughout Asia without being inundated by advertising and commercials that promise happiness and success if you could just be a little bit lighter. | Ve bu reklamlar ve ilanlar sizi sele boğmadan Asya'da yolculuk edemezsiniz, size mutluluk ve başarı vaat ediyorlar, birazcık daha beyaz olursanız. | en-tr |
(Laughter) Studies have shown that these messages that we see at a young age have a profound effect on us. | （笑声） 研究显示小时候所看到的讯息 对我们有深远影响。 | en-zh-cn |
In 2010, CNN did a study where they interviewed young children, just five, six, seven years old, and asked them to place values and attributes to people based on their skin tone. | Em 2010, a CNN fez um estudo no qual entrevistaram crianças de cinco, seis e sete anos de idade, e pediram que elas atribuíssem valores e características a pessoas, com base no tom de pele. | en-pt-br |
Here's a clip from that study. | Este é um clipe do estudo. | en-pt-br |
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