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It has, by the way, been declared very clearly at a trial in the Supreme Court of California. | Esto se marcó de manera muy clara en una decisión de la Corte Suprema de California, | en-es |
The John Moore case. | l'arrêt John Moore. | en-fr |
John Moore was a patient suffering from leukemia, in the 80s, and the doctors had to remove his spleen. | John Moore oli keegi, kes põdes leukeemiat 1980ndatel aastatel ja arstidel tuli eemaldada ta põrn. | en-et |
They discovered that his cells had extraordinary properties for producing certain kind of proteins. | y descubrieron que sus células tenían unas virtudes extraordinarias para producir un tipo de proteína, | en-es |
So the doctors extracted, without telling John Moore, many of his cells. | y los médicos extrajeron, sin decirle nada a John Moore, | en-es |
They extracted blood, sperm, and parts of the spinal cord. | muchas de sus células, de su sangre, su esperma, su médula espinal. | en-es |
They apparently told him that in order to treat his leukemia they had to remove some sperm -- that's apparently what happened. | Je sais pas comment ils lui ont dit que pour sa leucémie, ils devaient lui retirer du sperme, mais enfin, c'est comme ça apparemment. | en-fr |
(Laughter) And they made a cell line out of it. | (Naer) Ja nendest rakkudest tehti rakuliin, | en-et |
John Moore's cell line. | la lignée John Moore, | en-fr |
Which they then sold for hundreds of thousands of dollars to big pharmaceutical institutions. | qu'ils ont revendue des centaines de milliers de dollars à des grands instituts pharmaceutiques. | en-fr |
And John Moore, upon realizing what has happened, said: "Wait a minute, I don't get to have a say? | Ja kui John Moore sai teada sellest ärist, küsis ta: "Miks mulle pole midagi öeldud? | en-et |
These are my cells, if you don't mind." | Need on ju minu rakud! Vabandage väga!" | en-et |
And so there was a big trial, and the judge concluded that, no, they aren't his cells in fact, given that he doesn't have ownership over his cells. | » Et donc ça a fait un immense procès, et le juge a conclu que non, ce n'était pas « ses » cellules, qu'il n'avait pas la propriété de ses cellules. | en-fr |
So, where does all of this come from? | Sellisel juhul aga, kust selline loogika tuleb? | en-et |
There are good reasons to think that it came from a monotheistic heritage. | Il y a de bonnes raisons pour croire que ça vient de l'héritage des grands monothéismes. | en-fr |
This idea -- as Saint Paul put it: "The body is for the Lord and the Lord is for the body." -- is that in the big monotheism, particularly within Judeo-Christian religions, my body doesn't belong to me because it belongs to God. | Cette idée -- Saint Paul : « Le corps est pour le Seigneur, et le Seigneur pour le corps. » Dans les grands monothéismes, surtout dans les religions judéo-chrétiennes, mon corps n'appartient pas à moi mais à Dieu, | en-fr |
My body is the expression of the soul, as per Thomas d'Aquin. | le corps est le reflet de l'esprit, chez Thomas d'Aquin. | en-fr |
The body is the reflection of my soul, my soul is immortal. | El cuerpo es el reflejo del espíritu, mi alma es inmortal, | en-es |
It joins the kingdom of heaven. | ta läheb taevariiki. | en-et |
By the way, I can even be resuscitated if the Council of State hasn't burned me first. | Et d'ailleurs je peux même aller à la résurrection si tant est que le Conseil d’État ne m'a pas fait brûler. | en-fr |
(Laughter) Pope Pie XII has claimed it very explicitly -- this is the first time I'm quoting Pope Pie XII publicly. | (Naer) Paavst Pius XII väljendas seda väga üheselt - nüüd tsiteerin esimest korda avalikult paavst Pius XIIndat, | en-et |
In 1954, at a medical congress, he explained that Man is merely a usufructuary of his body, not its full owner. | En 1954, devant un congrès de médecins, où il a expliqué que l'homme n'est que l'usufruitier de son corps, et non pas son possesseur plein et entier. | en-fr |
So within our secular law system, a secularized system, it is not a matter of God anymore, well the concept of God has been replaced by the concept of dignity. | Alors dans notre droit séculaire, sécularisé, il n'est plus question de Dieu, et bien, le concept de Dieu a été remplacé par le concept de dignité. | en-fr |
Going back to that trial in Morsang-sur-Orge, this is the reason why the Council of State has prohibited dwarf-tossing, because a human being's dignity is viewed as being part of the public order. | Es esta sentencia, la de Morsang-Sur-Orse, por ella el Consejo de Estado prohibió lanzar enanos, porque la dignidad de la persona humana es un elemento del orden público. | en-es |
It means that today, this transcendence we have abolished, this divine transcendence, is being retaken by the State, or by society if you prefer, defining everyone's dignity. | Ça veut dire que c'est aujourd'hui, cette transcendance qu'on a aboli, transcendance divine, est reprise par l’État, ou par la société, si vous voulez, qui définit la dignité de chacun. | en-fr |
So dignity is sacredness without God. | La dignidad, es lo sagrado sin Dios, | en-es |
It's the idea that, nonetheless, the body is sacred. | l'idée que quand même le corps, c'est sacré, | en-fr |
We cannot do whatever we want with it. | on ne peut pas faire n'importe quoi. | en-fr |
I suggest that you try and go to the end of the modernity logic. | Alors moi je vous propose d’essayer d’aller au bout de la logique de la modernité. | en-fr |
And if we are really, completely within immanence, to whom does the body belong, if not to me? | Et si on était vraiment complètement dans l’immanence, à qui appartient le corps sinon à moi ? | en-fr |
Who can define its dignity, if not me? | Kellel peale mu enda on õigus öelda, mis on mu inimväärikusega kooskõlas? | en-et |
That's what John Lock did, not John Moore, but John Locke. | Alors là, c'est ce qu'a fait John Locke, pas John Moore, | en-fr |
Indeed, there are many Johns. | neid Johne on liiga palju. | en-et |
He was the first person to have written, to my knowledge, that each person has ownership over their own personhood. | John Locke est le premier à avoir écrit, à ma connaissance, que chacun avait la propriété de sa propre personne. | en-fr |
It's not a coincidence that he is the one who wrote that, He was a doctor, and well-acquainted with flesh, the body's reactions. | Ja ta ei öelnud seda juhuslikult, ta oli ju ise arst ja tundis väga hästi inimkeha ja selle toimimst. | en-et |
And also because he was in the midst of the glorious British revolution, the Bill of Rights Revolution. | y porque vivió la gloriosa revolución británica, la revolución del "Bill of Rights", | en-es |
So this whole theory about social contract rights, about elementary, fundamental rights, about civil disobedience, also means that one has natural rights that are predetermined among which, the right of ownership of oneself. | ühiskondliku leppe teooria, mis sõnastab võõrandamatud põhiõigused, ühiskondlikku vastupanu, mis ütleb, et inimesel on kaasasündinud õigused, sealhulgas õigus oma keha üle. | en-et |
He went even further by saying: "If can have ownership over exterior things, if I can acquire the world by working on it, by adding value to it," -- this idea of property was first born out of the appropriation of myself. | Ta ütleb: "Kui inimesel on õigus väliste objektide omamiseks, kui ma võin omada maailma tänu oma tööle, läbi selle, et loon lisaväärtust. siis omanikuks olemise loogika tuleb iseenda omamisest." | en-et |
And think about it, if we have ownership over the body, we have, according to classical themes, the usus, fructus and abusus. | Et réfléchissez-y, si on a la propriété du corps, on a, suivant les termes classiques l’usus, le fructus et l’abusus. | en-fr |
Usus means -- it's always nice using Latin terms -- usus means usage. | El usus, es decir, siempre con palabras en latín, el usus es el uso, | en-es |
So if I have usus over the body, the dwarfs can do their work with dignity. | si j’ai l’usus du corps, eh bien, les nains peuvent exercer leur profession dignement. | en-fr |
Then, fructus, we have it fructified and so John Moore can have access to his cell money. | Después, el fructus, puedo hacerlo fructificar, así que John Moore puede cobrar el dinero de sus células. | en-es |
And then you have abusus, I can abuse it and do whatever I want with it, and if I want to have it cryogenized, that's my problem. | L’abusus, je peux en abuser et en faire ce que je veux. Et si je veux le cryogéniser, c’est mon problème. | en-fr |
It appears to me that this new generation is a generation that rejects predetermined structures, one that wants to define their own career, that wants to define their life by traveling, and to build themselves, their own self, be their own creator. | Mulle tundub, et uus põlvkond ei taha tunnistada ettemääratud struktuure ja tahab oma töökoha kujundada ise, tahab ringi reisides leida oma kutsumuse, tahab ehitada oma tõelise mina, olla iseenese loojaks. | en-et |
And we can see, anecdotally, sociologically, to what extent this generation who appropriates their own body with tattoos for instance, It's also a way to define one's sexuality in a much more fluid way. | Seda on igatahes näha, vahel ka omamoodi naljakas vormis, kui tõsiselt suhtub uus põlvkond oma kehasse kui eraomandisse, näiteks tätoveeringuid tehes. See annab võimaluse määratleda vabamalt ka oma seksuaalsust. | en-et |
There is a study that came out which showed that generation Z - it's not even Y anymore, it's Z -- Generation Z is post-gender. | Ha salido un estudio que muestra que la generación Z, es más que Y, ahora es la Z, va más allá de los géneros, | en-es |
It's not even bi anymore, everyone defines their own sexuality by adding a little bit of this or that. | see on midagi enamat kui biseksuaalsus, kuna igaüks võib ise oma sugu määratleda, olles natuke üks ja natuke teine. | en-et |
So this results in many things. | Esto nos da muchas cosas. | en-es |
For instance, one can be half-sexual, Grey-sexual, gyno-sexual, pan-sexual, Strauss-Kahn sexual -- No, not that. | Näiteks võib inimene olla demiseksuaal, hallseksuaal, güneseksuaal, panseksuaal, Strauss-Kahn-seksuaal. Ei, see pole see. | en-et |
Anyway, there are many versions. | Igatahes on variante palju. | en-et |
I don't know all of them, and can't describe them on stage. | Ma ei teagi neid kõiki, aga nad on põnevad, soovitan uurida. | en-et |
But it's interesting, you should look them up. | mais c’est intéressant, je vous les recommande. | en-fr |
And more importantly, it will allow us to tackle the three big themes of the future: The subject of human augmentation, the enhancement of oneself, the theme of transhumanism, and the theme of data. | Põhimõtteliselt annab see võimaluse käsitleda kolme suurt tulevikuteemat. Võimendatud inimese teemat, transhumanismi teemat ning andmete ja data teemat. | en-et |
If tomorrow I can, and I already can enhance myself, that's to say building my own artificial arms, enhancing my limbs, enhancing my brain abilities, even modifying my own DNA. | Si mañana puedo, aunque puedo ahora, aumentarme, es decir, construirme brazos artificiales, aumentar mis miembros o mi capacidad cerebral, incluso modificar mi propio ADN. | en-es |
If I modify my own DNA, I must be its owner. | Si modifico mi ADN, debo ser su propietario. | en-es |
If tomorrow I want to test, I want to explore immortality, be it through cryogenisation -- here is that nice example again. | Si demain je veux tester, je veux essayer, l'immortalité soit par la cryogénisation -- voilà cet exemple sympathique qui revient -- | en-fr |
Or for instance, as Ray Kurzweil, the Pope of transhumanism, envisions it, by transferring my consciousness onto a USB key. | või siis nagu transhumanist Ray Kurzwell seda ettekujutab, teisaldades oma teadvuse USB pulgale. | en-et |
Well, similarly, I am going to define, even contractually, the way in which my body relates to the world. | Samamoodi saaksin ise määratleda, kasvõi vastava lepinguga, seda, kuidas mu keha suhestub maailmaga. | en-et |
And then there is a third question that might seem a little marginal, the question of data. | Et il y a une 3e grande question, un peu adjacente, qui est la question des données, la question des data. | en-fr |
We produce, a large amount of data, and its value is humongous. | Andmeid toodetakse tohututes kogustes ja nende väärtus on hiiglaslik, | en-et |
as in Europe, it's estimated be worth a thousand billion euros by 2020. | pelgalt Euroopas on aastaks 2020 andmete väärtus tuhat miljardit eurot. | en-et |
However, this data, which is worth so much money and with which some companies make so much money, well, your personal data doesn't belong to you. | Kui andmetel on nii kõrge väärtus ja kui on firmasid, kes sellist raha on nõus maksma, siis ei saa öelda, et teie andmed kuuluksid enam teile. | en-et |
In the same way there isn't a patrimoniality of the body, there isn't a patrimoniality of data. | de même qu'il n'y a pas de patrimonialité du corps, pas de patrimonialité des données, | en-fr |
For the exact same reasons, because data is considered to be an expression of your personality, and as we saw, within the law, the personality is inalienable and the body isn't patrimonial. | et pour la même raison : parce que les données sont considérées le reflet de votre personnalité et que, on l’a vu, en droit, la personnalité est inaliénable et le corps n'est pas patrimonial. | en-fr |
If tomorrow we find, that we are able to build a private property for data, which will be to the digital age what intellectual property was to the industrial revolution, you will then become an owner, in truly legal and financial terms, of your own data, which you will be able to negotiate. | Kui homme avastame, et andmed on võimalik kuulutada eraomandiks, mis on digiajastul sama, mis oli intellektuaalomand tööstusrevolutsiooni ajastul, siis oleks võimalik saada oma andmete ainuvaldajaks nii juriidilises kui ka materiaalses mõttes ja nendega kaubelda. | en-et |
In other words: you will finally get paid for using Facebook. | enfin, vous serez payé pour aller sur Facebook. | en-fr |
So, "my body belongs to me" isn't a platitude. | Así que "mi cuerpo me pertenece" no es una banalidad, | en-es |
It's a tattoo we would finally all wear. | c'est un tatouage que, finalement, on devrait tous porter, | en-fr |
Because this brand new generation will have to confront all these problems. | parce que la toute nouvelle génération, eh bien, ce sont des sujets qu’elle va devoir affronter. | en-fr |
Transhumanism is coming, bioethical committees are already outdated. | El transhumanismo llega, los comités de bioética se han quedado atrás. | en-es |
And in order for everyone to able to choose their own values, in this complex universe, we must first own our own bodies. | Et igaüks saaks valida enda jaoks elus olulised väärtused siin keerulises maailmas, peame esmalt saama oma keha omanikuks. | en-et |
I'm a 26-year-old British Asian woman working in media and living in a South West postcode in London. | 私は26歳の アジア系イギリス人の女性で メディア関係の仕事に就き 住まいはロンドン南西部です | en-ja |
I have previously lived at two addresses in Sussex, and two others in North East London. | Antes vivía en Sussex donde tuve dos direcciones distintas y otras dos al noreste de Londres. | en-es |
While growing up, my family lived in a detached house in Kent and took holidays to India every year. | J'ai grandi dans le Kent, ma famille vivait dans un pavillon et nous partions en vacances en Inde tous les ans. | en-fr |
They mostly did their shopping online at Ocado, gave money to charities and read the Financial Times. | 家族は買い物のほとんどを オンラインのOcadoで済ませ 慈善事業に寄付をし 『フィナンシャル・タイムズ』を購読しました | en-ja |
Now, I live in a recently converted flat with a private landlord, and I have a housemate. | 現在 大家から直接借りた 改築されたばかりのアパートメントを 人とシェアしています | en-ja |
I'm interested in movies and startups, and I have taken five holidays in the past 12 months, mostly to visit friends abroad. | 関心があるのは映画や ベンチャー企業で 過去12か月の間に 休暇を５回とりました そのほとんどは 海外の友人を訪ねるためです | en-ja |
I'm about to buy flights within 14 days. | Estou por comprar outra passagem aérea nos próximos 14 dias. | en-pt-br |
My annual salary is between 30,000 and 40,000 pounds a year. | Je gagne entre 30 000 et 40 000 livres par an. | en-fr |
I don't own a TV or watch any scheduled programming, but I do enjoy on-demand services such as Netflix or Now TV. | Je n'ai pas la télévision et ne regarde pas d'émissions programmées, mais j'aime bien le contenu à la demande sur Netflix ou Now TV. | en-fr |
Last week, I passed through Upper Street in North London on Monday and Wednesday evenings at 7 p.m. | a Netflix vagy a Now TV. A múlt héten végigsétáltam az észak-londoni Upper Streeten; este hétkor hétfőn és szerdán. | en-hu |
I cook a little, but I tend to eat out or get takeaways often. | Готвам помалку но повеќе јадам надвор или купувам готова храна. | en-mk |
My favourite cuisines are Thai and Mexican food. | Mi comida favorita es la comida tailandesa y la mexicana. | en-es |
I don't own any furniture, and I don't have any children. | Não tenho móveis e não tenho filhos. | en-pt-br |
On weeknights, I tend to spend the evenings with my university friends having dinner. | 平日の夜は 大学時代の友人と 夕食を共にすることが多いです | en-ja |
I usually buy my groceries at Sainsbury's but only because it's on my way home. | Normalmente hago la compra en Sainsbury's porque esa de camino a casa. | en-es |
I don't care for cars or own one. | Не лудувам по коли и немам кола. | en-mk |
I don't like any form of housework, and I have a cleaner who lets herself in while I'm at work. | 家事は全般的に好きではなく 勤務中に自宅を掃除してくれる 清掃業者を雇っています | en-ja |
On Fridays, you'll find me at the pub after work. | Los viernes al salir del trabajo me encontrarán en un pub. | en-es |
At home, I'm far more likely to be browsing restaurant reviews rather than managing my finances or looking at property prices online. | Cuando estoy en casa, es más probable que esté leyendo reseñas de restaurantes que gestionando mis cuentas o consultando precios de viviendas en Internet. | en-es |
I like the idea of living abroad someday. | いつか海外に住むことも考えています | en-ja |
I prefer to work as a team than on my own. | Повеќе сакам тимска работа отколку самостојна. | en-mk |
I'm ambitious, and it's important to me that my many thinks I'm doing well. | Törekvő vagyok, és fontos, hogy sokak szerint jól haladok. | en-hu |
I'm rarely swayed by others' views. | Je ne suis pas très influençable. | en-fr |
This motley set of characteristics, attitudes, thoughts, and desires come very close to defining me as a person. | Esse grupo de características, atitudes, pensamento e desejos praticamente me define como pessoa. | en-pt-br |
It is also a precise and accurate description of what a group of companies I had never heard of, personal data trackers, had learned about me. | Também é uma descrição acurada e precisa, que empresas das quais nunca ouvi falar, rastreadores de dados pessoais, aprenderam sobre mim. | en-pt-br |
My journey to uncover what data companies knew began in 2014, when I became curious about the murky world of data brokers, a multi-billion-pound industry of companies that collect, package, and sell detailed profiles of individuals based on their online and offline behaviours. | Mi plan para destapar lo que saben las compañías de datos comenzó en 2014, cuando empecé a interesarme por el oscuro mundo de los agentes de datos, una industria multimillonaria de compañías que recogen y agrupan datos, y venden un perfil personal detallado de sus usuarios basado en su comportamiento cuando están conectados y desconectados. | en-es |
I decided to write about it for Wired Magazine. | Decidí escribir sobre este tema para la revista Wired Magazine. | en-es |
What I found out shocked me, and reinforced my anxieties about a profit-led system designed to log behaviours every time we interact with the connected world. | Lo que descubrí me escandalizó y reafirmó mis preocupaciones sobre una industria que se mueve por los beneficios, diseñada para registrar nuestro comportamiento cada vez que nos conectamos a Internet. | en-es |
I already knew about my daily records being collected by services such as Google Maps, Search, Facebook, or contactless credit card transactions. | Eddig is tudtam, hogy napi tevékenységemet tárolják olyan alkalmazások, mint a Google Térkép és Kereső, Facebook vagy a paypassos hitelkártya-ügyletek. | en-hu |
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