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Just like we all have eyes, but some of us have blue eyes and some of us have brown eyes. | Също както всички имаме очи, но някои имат сини, а други кафяви. | en-bg |
And there are certain forms of the FOXO gene that have found to be more frequently present in people who live to be 90 or 100. | וישנם צורות מסוימות של גן ה FOXO אשר נמצאו נוכחים לעיתים קרובות אצל אנשים אשר חיו עד גיל 90 או 100. | en-he |
And that's the case all over the world, as you can see from these stars. | Dhe kjo ndodh kudo në botë si mund ta shini nga këto yje. | en-sq |
And each one of these stars represents a population where scientists have asked, "Okay, are there differences in the type of FOXO genes among people who live a really long time?" and there are. | 每一个星星代表一个人群 科学家曾问过 “好吧，在这些活得非常久人群里 FOXO基因有什么不同吗？” 是的 | en-zh-cn |
We don't know the details of how this works, but we do know then that FOXO genes can impact the lifespan of people. | Ne znamo pojedinosti toga kako to funkcionira, ali znamo da FOXO geni mogu utjecati na životni vijek ljudi. | en-hr |
And that means that, maybe if we tweak it a little bit, we can increase the health and longevity of people. | Což znamená, že pokud si s tím malinko pohrajeme, můžeme zlepšit zdraví a prodloužit lidský život. | en-cs |
So this is really exciting to me. | Ovo je veomo uzbudljivo za mene. | en-hr |
A FOXO is a protein that we found in these little, round worms to affect lifespan, and here it affects lifespan in people. | Un FOXO é unha proteína que atopamos nestos vermes redondos que afecta á lonxevidade, e aquí afecta á lonxevidade das persoas. | en-gl |
So we've been trying in our lab now to develop drugs that will activate this FOXO cell using human cells now in order to try and come up with drugs that will delay aging and age-related diseases. | В нашей лаборатории мы пытаемся разработать лекарства, которые будут активировать FOXO в человеческой клетке, чтобы получить лекарства, которые препятствуют старению и возрастным болезням. | en-ru |
And I'm really optimistic that this is going to work. | Soy muy optimista de que esto funcionará. | en-es |
There are lots of different proteins that are known to affect aging. | Há muitas proteínas diferentes que são conhecidas por afetar o envelhecimento. | en-pt-br |
And for at least one of them, there is a drug. | Et pour l'une d'entre elles au moins, il y a un médicament. | en-fr |
There's one called TOR, which is another nutrient sensor, like the insulin pathway. | که TOR نام دارد که یک حسگر مغذی دیگر است، مانند مسیر انسولین. | en-fa |
And mutations that damage the TOR gene -- just like the daf-2 mutations -- extend lifespan in worms and flies and mice. | 毁坏TOR基因的变异体 如同daf 2变异体-- 延长线虫 苍蝇和老鼠的寿命 | en-zh-cn |
But in this case, there's already a drug called rapamycin that binds to the TOR protein and inhibits its activity. | Но в този случай, вече има лекарство, наречено рапамицин, което се свързва към ТОР-протеина и подтиска дейността му. | en-bg |
And you can take rapamycin and give it to a mouse -- even when it's pretty old, like age 60 for a human, that old for a mouse -- if you give the mouse rapamycin, it will live longer. | Можете да дадете рапамицин на мишка -- дори ако е доста стара, еквивалентна на 60-годишна за човек, 60-годишен човек -- ако й дадете рапамицин, ще живее по-дълго. | en-bg |
Now I don't want you all to go out taking rapamycin. | Bây giờ, tôi không muốn các bạn dùng rapamycin. | en-vi |
It is a drug for people, but the reason is it suppresses the immune system. | Nó là thuốc cho người, nhưng lí do ở chỗ nó lám yếu hệ miễn dịch trên người. | en-vi |
So people take it to prevent organ transplants from being rejected. | Więc zażywają go ludzie, by zapobiec odrzuceniu organu po przeszczepie. | en-pl |
So this may not be the perfect drug for staying young longer. | Artık, bu ilaç genç kalmak için ... ... mükemmel bir ilaç olmayabilir. | en-tr |
But still, here in the year 2011, there's a drug that you can give to mice at a pretty old age that will extend their lifespan, which comes out of this science that's been done in all these different animals. | 但是 現在是2011年 的確有一種藥 如果給年事已高的老鼠服用 可以延長牠們的壽命 在研究中也證實 對其他各種不同的動物也有效 | en-zh-tw |
So I'm really optimistic, and I think it won't be too long, I hope, before this age-old dream begins to come true. | ですので私はとても楽観的に考えており 私の希望でもあるのですが そう遠くない将来に この昔からの夢が叶うのではないかと考えています | en-ja |
(Applause) Matt Ridley: Thank you, Cynthia. | （掌声） 马特·瑞德里：谢谢，辛西娅 | en-zh-cn |
Let me get this straight. | دعيني ادخل في الموضوع مُباشرة | en-ar |
Although you're looking for a drug that can solve aging in old men like me, what you could do now pretty well in the lab, if you were allowed ethically, is start a human life from scratch with altered genes that would make it live for a lot longer? | Παρόλο που ψάχνετε γι' αυτό το φάρμακο που μπορεί να λύσει το πρόβλημα της γήρανσης σε γέρους ανθρώπους όπως εμένα, αυτό που θα μπορούσατε να κάνετε τώρα αρκετά καλά στο εργαστήριο, αν επιτρεπόταν ηθικά, είναι να ξεκινήσετε μια ανθρώπινη ζωή από το μηδέν με τροποποιημένα γονίδια που θα την έκανε να ζήσει για πολύ περισ... | en-el |
CK: Ah, so the kinds of drugs I was talking about would not change the genes, they would just bind to the protein itself and change its activity. | CK: Ah, os medicamentos dos que vos falaba non cambiarían os xenes, senón que só se unirían á proteína mesma para cambiar a súa actividade. | en-gl |
So if you stop taking the drug, the protein would go back to normal. | כך שאם תפסיק לקחת את התרופה, החלבון יחזור למצב נורמלי. | en-he |
You could change the genes in principle. | 原理的には遺伝子を変えることができますが | en-ja |
There isn't the technology to do that. | Немає технології виконання цього. | en-uk |
But I don't think that's a good idea. | Međutim, ja smatram da to nije dobra ideja. | en-sr |
And the reason is that these hormones, like the insulin and the IGF hormones and the TOR pathway, they're essential. | Et la raison en est que ces hormones, comme l'insuline et l'IGF, et le mécanisme du TOR, sont essentielles. | en-fr |
If you knock them out completely, then you're very sick. | אם תבטל אותם לחלוטין, תהיה חולה מאד. | en-he |
So it might be that you would just have to fine tune it very carefully to get the benefits without getting any problems. | Assim, pode ser que você tenha de ajustá-los com muito cuidado para obter os benefícios sem ter quaisquer problemas. | en-pt-br |
And I think that's much better, that kind of control would be much better as a drug. | 我認為才是比較理想的做法 這種控制才是理想的藥物 | en-zh-tw |
And also, there are other ways of activating FOXO that don't even involve insulin or IGF-1 that might even be safer. | そしてまた インスリンやIGF-1とは関係なく FOXOを活性化できるより安全な 他の方法があります | en-ja |
MR: I wasn't suggesting that I was going to go and do it, but ... | MR: Ik wil niet suggereren dat ik ermee zou beginnen, maar ... | en-nl |
(Laughter) There's a phenomenon which you have written about and spoken about, which is a negligible senescence. | (Śmiech) Istnieje fenomen, o którym pisałaś i mówiłaś, jakim jest zapobieganie procesom starżenia. | en-pl |
There are some creatures on this planet already that don't really do aging. | この惑星には既に 本当に老化をしない 生き物が幾つかあります | en-ja |
Just move to one side for us, if you would. | Перейдіть на наш бік, якщо ви не проти. | en-uk |
CK: There are. There are some animals that don't seem to age. | Sinthia: Po ka. Ka disa kafshë që nuk tregojnë shenja plakjeje. | en-sq |
For example, there are some tortoises called Blanding's turtles. | Για παράδειγμα, υπάρχουν κάποιες χελώνες που ονομάζονται χελώνες Blanding. | en-el |
And they grow to be about this size. | Elas crescem até mais ou menos este tamanho. | en-pt-br |
And they've been tagged, and they've been found to be 70 years old. | 追蹤的結果 發現牠們可以活到70歲 | en-zh-tw |
And when you look at these 70 year-old turtles, you can't tell the difference, just by looking, between those turtles and 20 year-old turtles. | E quando observamos estas tartarugas de 70 anos, não conseguimos distinguir, só olhando, entre estas tartarugas e as tartarugas de 20 anos. | en-pt |
And the 70 year-old ones, actually they're better at scouting out the good nesting places, and they also have more progeny every year. | Ove kornjače, stare 70 godina, su zapravo bolje u nalaženju dobrih mesta za polaganje jaja i svake godine daju više potomaka. | en-sr |
And there are other examples of these kinds of animals, like turns, certain kinds of birds are like this. | Есть и другие примеры таких животных, например, таковы определённые виды птиц. | en-ru |
And nobody knows if they really can live forever, or what keeps them from aging. | Никой не знае дали могат да живеят завинаги, или какво възпрепятства остаряването им. | en-bg |
It's not clear. | Het is niet duidelijk. | en-nl |
If you look at birds, which live a long time, cells from the birds tend to be more resistant to a lot of different environmental stresses like high temperature or hydrogen peroxide, things like that. | Ако погледнете птиците, които живеят дълго, клетките им са по-устойчиви към различни видове стрес -- като висока температура, хидроген пероксид, и такива неща. | en-bg |
And our long-lived mutants are too. | Und unsere langlebigen Mutanten sind es auch. | en-de |
They're more resistant to these kinds of stresses. | Oni su otporniji na ove vrste nepovoljnih uslova. | en-sr |
So it could be that the pathways that I've been talking about, which are set to run really quickly in the worm, have a different normal set point in something like a bird, so that a bird can live a lot longer. | 그러니까 선충에서 아주 빠른 전달을 위해 놓인 경로(pathway)가 새와 같은 동물에서는 다른 일반적인 기준점이 있고, 이로 인해 새들이 훨씬 더 길게 사는 것일 수도 있어요 | en-ko |
And maybe they're even set really differently in animals with no senescence at all -- but we don't know. | E quizais incluso estén determinadas de forma moi distinta en animais sen senectude; pero non o sabemos. | en-gl |
MR: But what you're talking about here is not extending human lifespan by preventing death, so much as extending human youthspan. | MR: Mas aquilo de que estás a falar não é de prolongar o tempo da vida humana ao prevenir a morte, mas de prolongar o tempo de juventude humana. | en-pt |
CK: Yes, that's right. | CK: Так, це правда. | en-uk |
It's more like, say, if you were a dog. | Eshtë më shumë, si, psh supozoni sikur të ishit qen | en-sq |
You notice that you're getting old, and you look at your human and you think, "Why isn't this human getting old?" | realizezi ca imbatranesti si te uiti la stapan si te intrebi: "De ce nu imbatraneste acest om?" | en-ro |
They're not getting old in the dog's lifespan. | diye düşünün. Köpekler yaşamları boyunca yaşlanmazlar. | en-tr |
It's more like that. | Nó giống như vậy hơn. | en-vi |
But now we're the human looking out and imagining a different human. | 하지만 이제 저희는 다른 인간을 찾고, 상상하는 인간들인거죠 | en-ko |
MR: Thank you very much indeed, Cynthia Kenyon. | 马特·瑞德里：的确十分感谢，辛西娅·肯尼娅 | en-zh-cn |
I'd like to apologize, first of all, to all of you because I have no form of PowerPoint presentation. | أود أن أعتذر، أولا وقبل كل شيء، لكم جميعا لأنه ليس لدي أي شكل من أشكال عروض باور بوينت. | en-ar |
So what I'm going to do is, every now and again, I will make this gesture, and in a moment of PowerPoint democracy, you can imagine what you'd like to see. | Bu yüzden de, şimdiden itibaren bu hareketi, bir Powerpoint demokrasisine çeviriyorum. Ne görmek isterseniz onu hayal edebilirsiniz. | en-tr |
I do a radio show. | Eu am o emisiune la radio. | en-ro |
The radio show is called "The Infinite Monkey Cage." | Shfaqja ne radio quhet "Kafazi i pafundem i majmunit." | en-sq |
It's about science, it's about rationalism. | Y trata de la ciencia, del racionalismo. | en-es |
So therefore, we get a lot of complaints every single week -- complaints including one we get very often, which is to say the very title, "Infinite Monkey Cage," celebrates the idea of vivisection. | 因此，我们每个礼拜 都被投诉-- 其中被投诉最多的 就是节目名称"无限的猴子笼" 称其倡导活体解剖 | en-zh-cn |
We have made it quite clear to these people that an infinite monkey cage is roomy. | 우리는 이러한 사람들에 대해서 아주 분명하게 응대하는데요, 무한 원숭이 우리는 굉장이 크고 넓다고 말이죠. | en-ko |
(Laughter) We also had someone else who said, "'The Infinite Monkey Cage' idea is ridiculous. | (Gelach) Nog iemand zei: "Het idee van 'De Oneindige Apenkooi' is belachelijk. | en-nl |
An infinite number of monkeys could never write the works of Shakespeare. | որովհետև կապիկներն ինչքան էլ շատ լինեին, չէին կարողանա գրել Շեքսպիրի գործերը: | en-hy |
We know this because they did an experiment." | Știm asta pentru că s-a făcut un experiment." | en-ro |
Yes, they gave 12 monkeys a typewriter for a week, and after a week, they only used it as a bathroom. | Da, dali su pisaću mašinu 12 majmuna nedelju dana, i nakon nedelju dana, samo su je koristili kao toalet. | en-sr |
(Laughter) So the main element though, the main complaint we get -- and one that I find most worrying -- is that people say, "Oh, why do you insist on ruining the magic? | (เสียงหัวเราะ) อย่างไรก็ตาม สิ่งสำคัญ คำติสำคัญที่เราได้รับ และเป็นข้อตำหนิที่ผมพบว่าน่าวิตกที่สุด คือที่คนเหล่านั้นพูดว่า "โอ้ย ทำไมคุณจึงยืนกราน จะทำลายความฝันความอัศจรรย์นัก | en-th |
You bring in science, and it ruins the magic." | Jūs iejaucat zinātni, un tā sabojā visu burvību." | en-lv |
Now I'm an arts graduate; I love myth and magic and existentialism and self-loathing. | Nun, ich habe Kunst studiert; ich liebe Mythen und Magie und Extentialismus und Selbstverachtung. | en-de |
That's what I do. | É isso que faço. | en-pt |
But I also don't understand how it does ruin the magic. | אבל אני לא מבין איך זה הורס את הקסם. | en-he |
All of the magic, I think, that may well be taken away by science is then replaced by something as wonderful. | Цялата магия, мисля, която може да бъде отнета от науката е след това заменена от нещо също толкова прекрасно. | en-bg |
Astrology, for instance: like many rationalists, I'm a Pisces. | Ví dụ như chiêm tinh học: cũng như những người duy lý khác, tôi thuộc chòm sao song ngư. | en-vi |
(Laughter) Now astrology -- we remove the banal idea that your life could be predicted; that you'll, perhaps today, meet a lucky man who's wearing a hat. | (Смех в зале) Вот астрология — мы отвергаем банальную идею о том, что можно предсказать нашу жизнь; что вы, например, сегодня повстречаете приносящего счастье человека со шляпой на голове. | en-ru |
That is gone. | Eso está terminado. | en-es |
But if we want to look at the sky and see predictions, we still can. | Ama hala gökyüzüne bakıp tahmin yürütebiliriz. | en-tr |
We can see predictions of galaxies forming, of galaxies colliding into each other, of new solar systems. | אנו יכולים למצוא תחזיות להיווצרות גלקסיות, להתנגשות גלקסיות, למערכות שמש חדשות. | en-he |
This is a wonderful thing. | Das ist eine wunderbare Sache. | en-de |
If the Sun could one day -- and indeed the Earth, in fact -- if the Earth could read its own astrological, astronomical chart, one day it would say, "Not a good day for making plans. | Se il Sole potesse un giorno -- e sicuramente anche la Terra, di fatto -- se la Terra potesse leggere la propria mappa astrologica, astronomica, un giorno direbbe: "Non è giornata per fare programmi. | en-it |
You'll been engulfed by a red giant." | Un gigante rojo le atrapará.” | en-es |
And that to me as well, that if you think I'm worried about losing worlds, well Many Worlds theory -- one of the most beautiful, fascinating, sometimes terrifying ideas from the quantum interpretation -- is a wonderful thing. | Dhe kjo edhe mbi mua. nëse mendoni se une jam i merzitur duke humbur të boten, atehere shume teori te boteve -- njëra nga më të bukurat, me terheqeset , ndonjehere ide tmerruese nga interpretimi -- është një gjë shumë e bukur. | en-sq |
That every person here, every decision that you've made today, every decision you've made in your life, you've not really made that decision, but in fact, every single permutation of those decisions is made, each one going off into a new universe. | Кожна людина у цьому залі, кожне рішення, яке ви прийняли сьогодні, кожне рішення, яке ви прийняли у цьому житті, може це і не ви прийняли це рішення, але по суті, кожне сплетіння цих рішень відобразиться у новому всесвіті. | en-uk |
That is a wonderful idea. | Ez egy csodálatos gondolat. | en-hu |
If you ever think that your life is rubbish, always remember there's another you that's made much worse decisions than that. | Pokud si někdy říkáte, že váš život nestojí za nic, vzpomeňte si, že je zde vaše jiné já, které je na tom mnohem hůře než vy. | en-cs |
(Laughter) If you ever think, "Ah, I want to end it all," don't end it all. | (เสียงหัวเราะ) ถ้าคุณคิดว่า "อ้า ผมต้องการที่จะให้มันจบสิ้นซะที" อย่าให้มันจบสิ้นไปทั้งหมดนะครับ | en-th |
Remember that in the majority of universes, you don't even exist in the first place. | Amintiți-vă că în majoritatea universurilor nici măcar nu existați. | en-ro |
This to me, in its own strange way, is very, very comforting. | هذا بالنسبة لي، بغرابته، هو أمر مريح للغاية. | en-ar |
Now reincarnation, that's another thing gone -- the afterlife. | حالا تناسخ، موضوع دیگه ایه که از بین میره -- زندگی بعد از مرگ. | en-fa |
But it's not gone. | 但也没完全废弃 | en-zh-cn |
Science actually says we will live forever. | Наука, власне, каже, що ми будемо жити вічно. | en-uk |
Well, there is one proviso. | 但是這是有一個前提的 | en-zh-tw |
We won't actually live forever. You won't live forever. | Δεν θα ζήσουμε πραγματικά για πάντα. Δεν θα ζήσετε εσείς για πάντα. | en-el |
Your consciousness, the you-ness of you, the me-ness of me -- that gets this one go. | Η συνείδησή σας, το είναι σας, το είναι μου -- υπάρχει μόνο για μία και μοναδική φορά. | en-el |
But every single thing that makes us, every atom in us, has already created a myriad of different things and will go on to create a myriad of new things. | De minden egyes dolog, ami felépít minket, minden atom, már létrehozott több millió dolgot, és ezután is létre fog hozni több milliónyi dolgot. | en-hu |
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