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Now this is not to say Afghanistan is a place full of people like Mullah Mustafa. | וזה לא אומר שאפגניסטן מלאה באנשים כמו מולא מוסטפא. | en-he |
It's not; it's a wonderful place full of incredible energy and intelligence. | To jest cudowne miejsce, pełne energii i niesłychanej mądrości. | en-pl |
But it is a place where the putting-in of the troops has increased the violence rather than decreased it. | Namun inilah tempat di mana dengan mengirimkan lebih banyak pasukan telah meningkatkan kekerasan, bukannya mengurangi. | en-id |
2005, Anthony Fitzherbert, an agricultural engineer, could travel through Helmand, could stay in Nad Ali, Sangin and Ghoresh, which are now the names of villages where fighting is taking place. | În 2005, Anthony Fitzherbert, inginer agronom, putea să călătorească prin Helmand, să stea în Nad Ali, Sangin și Ghoresh, care acum sunt numele satelor în care se dau lupte. | en-ro |
Today, he could never do that. | واليوم لا يستطيع هو العودة الى تلك القرى | en-ar |
So the idea that we deployed the troops to respond to the Taliban insurgency is mistaken. | Então a ideia de que enviamos as tropas como resposta à insurgência do Taliban é um erro. | en-pt-br |
Rather than preceding the insurgency, the Taliban followed the troop deployment, and as far as I'm concerned, the troop deployment caused their return. | Nem a felkelés volt a kiváltó ok, hanem a Talibán követte az új csapatok hadrendbe állítását. És az én véleményem szerint, az új csapatok küldése okozta a visszatérésüket. | en-hu |
Now is this a new idea? | 그렇다면, 이 것이 새로운 생각인가요? | en-ko |
No, there have been any number of people saying this over the last seven years. | Non, il y a eu des gens qui ont dit la même chose au cours des sept dernières années. | en-fr |
I ran a center at Harvard from 2008 to 2010, and there were people like Michael Semple there who speak Afghan languages fluently, who've traveled to almost every district in the country. | ２００８年から２０１０年まで、 私は、ハーバードの研究所にいました。 そこには、マイケル・センプルのように アフガニスタン語を流暢に話し、 アフガニスタンのほとんど全地域に行ったことのある人たちがいました。 | en-ja |
Andrew Wilder, for example, born on the Pakistan-Iranian border, served his whole life in Pakistan and Afghanistan. | Andrew Winder, de exemplu, născut la granița pakistano-iraniană, a lucrat toată viața în Pakistan și Afganistan. | en-ro |
Paul Fishstein who began working there in 1978 -- worked for Save the Children, ran the Afghan research and evaluation unit. | Пол Фишстайн е започнал да работи там през 1978 г. като ръководител на афганистанския екип за изследвания в организацията "Спасете децата". | en-bg |
These are people who were able to say consistently that the increase in development aid was making Afghanistan less secure, not more secure -- that the counter-insurgency strategy was not working and would not work. | Toto sú ľudia, ktorí boli schopní dlhodobo upozorňovať, že nárast rozvojovej pomoci, robil Afganistan menej, nie viac, bezpečným, že stratégia proti povstaniu nefungovala a nebude fungovať. | en-sk |
And yet, nobody listened to them. | A predsa, nikto ich nepočúval. | en-sk |
Instead, there was a litany of astonishing optimism. | תחת זאת, קיבלנו מסכת מייגעת של אופטימיזם מדהים. | en-he |
Beginning in 2004, every general came in saying, "I've inherited a dismal situation, but finally I have the right resources and the correct strategy, which will deliver," in General Barno's word in 2004, the "decisive year." | A partire dal 2004, ogni generale entrava in carica dicendo: "Ho ereditato una situazione penosa, ma finalmente io ho le risorse adatte e la strategia corretta che ci condurranno, secondo le parole del 2004 del General Barno. all'"anno decisivo". | en-it |
Well guess what? It didn't. | Познайте какво? Не се случи така. | en-bg |
But it wasn't sufficient to prevent General Abuzaid saying that he had the strategy and the resources to deliver, in 2005, the "decisive year." | Isso não aconteceu. Mas não impediu que o general Abuzaid dissesse que tinha a estratégia e os recursos para atingir, em 2005, o "ano decisivo." | en-pt |
Or General David Richards to come in 2006 and say he had the strategy and the resources to deliver the "crunch year." | 今度は、デイビッド・リチャーズ司令官が ２００６年はタリバンにとって 「試練の年だった」と言っています。 | en-ja |
Or in 2007, the Norwegian deputy foreign minister, Espen Eide, to say that that would deliver the "decisive year." | Oder im Jahr 2007, den stellvertretenden Außenminister Norwegens, Espen Eide, zu sagen, dass das nun das "entscheidende Jahr" bringt. | en-de |
Or in 2008, Major General Champoux to come in and say he would deliver the "decisive year." | Oder 2008, Major General Champoux, seinen Dienst anzutreten und zu sagen, er würde das "entscheidende Jahr" bringen. | en-de |
Or in 2009, my great friend, General Stanley McChrystal, who said that he was "knee-deep in the decisive year." | ou em 2009, meu grande amigo, General Stanley McChrystal, que disse que estava "até os joelhos no ano decisivo." | en-pt-br |
Or in 2010, the U.K. foreign secretary, David Miliband, who said that at last we would deliver the "decisive year." | Atau di tahun 2010, menteri luar negeri Inggris, David Miliband, yang mengatakan bahwa akhirnya kita akan memberikan "tahun yang menentukan". | en-id |
And you'll be delighted to hear in 2011, today, that Guido Westerwelle, the German foreign minister, assures us that we are in the "decisive year." | A jistě rádi uslyšíte, že v roce 2011, dnes, Guido Westerwelle, německý ministr zahraničí, nás ujišťuje, že jsme v "rozhodujícím roce". | en-cs |
(Applause) How do we allow any of this to happen? | (Risos) (Aplausos) Como permitimos que tudo isto aconteça? | en-pt |
Well the answer, of course, is, if you spend 125 billion or 130 billion dollars a year in a country, you co-opt almost everybody. | जवाब, ज़ाहिर है, अगर आप 125 अरब या 130 अरब खर्च करते हैं एक देश में एक साल में, आप हर चीज़ में भागिदार हैं, | en-hi |
Even the aid agencies, who begin to receive an enormous amount of money from the U.S. and the European governments to build schools and clinics, are somewhat disinclined to challenge the idea that Afghanistan is an existential threat to global security. | ABD ve Avrupa devletlerinden okullar ve klinikler inşa etmek için muazzam miktarda para almaya başlayan yardım kuruluşları bile Afganistan'ın küresel güvenliğe karşı varoluşsal bir tehdit teşkil ettiği fikrine itiraz etme konusunda oldukça isteksiz olurlar. | en-tr |
They're worried, in other words, that if anybody believes that it wasn't such a threat -- Oxfam, Save the Children wouldn't get the money to build their hospitals and schools. | 言い換えれば、 アフガニスタンがそんなに危険だと思われなければ オックスファムや、セーブ・ザ・チルドレンは 学校や病院を建てる資金が 得られなくなるのです。 | en-ja |
It's also very difficult to confront a general with medals on his chest. | Je také velmi těžké postavit se proti generálovi s medailemi na hrudi. | en-cs |
It's very difficult for a politician, because you're afraid that many lives have been lost in vain. | 그들을 맞서는 것은 정치인들에게도 굉장히 힘든데 왜냐하면 많은 사람들이 헛되이 죽을 것이 두렵기 때문입니다. | en-ko |
You feel deep, deep guilt. | 당신은 굉장히 깊은 죄책감을 느끼죠. | en-ko |
You exaggerate your fears, and you're terrified about the humiliation of defeat. | Претерујете у страховањима и ужаснути сте понижењем пораза. | en-sr |
What is the solution to this? | Шта је решење за ово? | en-sr |
Well the solution to this is we need to find a way that people like Michael Semple, or those other people, who are telling the truth, who know the country, who've spent 30 years on the ground -- and most importantly of all, the missing component of this -- Afghans themselves, who understand what is going on. | Jalan keluar dari masalah ini adalah kita perlu mencari cara sehingga orang-orang seperti Michael Semple atau yang lainnya yang mengatakan kebenaran, yang tahu negara itu yang menghabiskan 30 tahun di lapangan -- dan yang paling penting adalah unsur yang hilang dari masalah ini -- penduduk Afganistan sendiri, yang mengerti apa yang sedang terjadi. | en-id |
We need to somehow get their message to the policymakers. | Musimy przekazać ich przesłanie decydentom. | en-pl |
And this is very difficult to do because of our structures. | E isso é muito difícil de ser feito devido às nossas estruturas. | en-pt-br |
The first thing we need to change is the structures of our government. | Первое, что нам необходимо изменить это структура нашего правительства. | en-ru |
Very, very sadly, our foreign services, the United Nations, the military in these countries have very little idea of what's going on. | Je velmi, velmi smutné, že naše zahraniční služby, OSN, armáda v těchto zemích nemají jen malou představu o tom, co se děje. | en-cs |
The average British soldier is on a tour of only six months; Italian soldiers, on tours of four months; the American military, on tours of 12 months. | Ortalama bir İngiliz askeri sadece altı ay görev yapıyorlar; İtalyan askerleri dört ay, Amerikan askerleri 12 ay görev yapıyorlar. | en-tr |
Diplomats are locked in embassy compounds. | Дипломаты закрыты в посольстве составом. | en-ru |
When they go out, they travel in these curious armored vehicles with these somewhat threatening security teams who ready 24 hours in advance who say you can only stay on the ground for an hour. | Y cuando salen, viajan en estos curiosos vehículos blindados con estos equipos de seguridad personal algo atemorizantes que se preparan con 24hs de anticipación que dicen que solo puedes permanecer en el territorio por una hora. | en-es |
In the British embassy in Afghanistan in 2008, an embassy of 350 people, there were only three people who could speak Dari, the main language of Afghanistan, at a decent level. | Nell'ambasciata inglese in Afganistan nel 2008, un'ambasciata di 350 persone, erano solo in 3 a parlare il dari, la lingua principale dell'Afghanistan, a un livello decente. | en-it |
And there was not a single Pashto speaker. | И там не было ни кого, кто бы мог говорить на пушто. | en-ru |
In the Afghan section in London responsible for governing Afghan policy on the ground, I was told last year that there was not a single staff member of the foreign office in that section who had ever served on a posting in Afghanistan. | 昨年、 ロンドンにある外務英連邦省の アフガニスタン部門には 誰一人として 現地で勤務した者が いない、という事を 聞きました。 | en-ja |
So we need to change that institutional culture. | Musimy zmienić tę praktykę. | en-pl |
And I could make the same points about the United States and the United Nations. | Und ich könnte die gleichen Punkte für die USA und die Vereinten Nationen anführen. | en-de |
Secondly, we need to aim off of the optimism of the generals. | Ten tweede moeten we het optimisme van de generaals niet zo serieus nemen. | en-nl |
We need to make sure that we're a little bit suspicious, that we understand that optimism is in the DNA of the military, that we don't respond to it with quite as much alacrity. | Musíme se naučit věci zpochybňovat, porozumět, že ten optimismus je v žilách armády, a jak na něj nereagovat s takovou horlivostí. | en-cs |
And thirdly, we need to have some humility. | 加えて、謙虚な態度でなくてはなりません。 | en-ja |
We need to begin from the position that our knowledge, our power, our legitimacy is limited. | Potrebujeme začať z pozície, že naše vedomosti, naša moc, naša legitimita, sú obmedzené. | en-sk |
This doesn't mean that intervention around the world is a disaster. | То не значи да је интервенција било где у свету пропаст. | en-sr |
It isn't. | 아닙니다. | en-ko |
Bosnia and Kosovo were signal successes, great successes. | Bosnien und Kosovo waren wegweisende Erfolge, großartige Erfolge. | en-de |
Today when you go to Bosnia it is almost impossible to believe that what we saw in the early 1990s happened. | Hoje quando você vai à Bósnia é quase impossível acreditar que o que vimos no início dos anos 90 aconteceu. | en-pt-br |
It's almost impossible to believe the progress we've made since 1994. | Είναι σχεδόν αδύνατο να πιστέψεις την πρόοδο που σημειώσαμε από το 1994. | en-el |
Refugee return, which the United Nations High Commission for Refugees thought would be extremely unlikely, has largely happened. | A menekültek visszatértek - amit az Egyesült Nemzetek menekültügyi bizottsága nagyon valószínűtlennek tartott - nagy mértékben megtörtént. | en-hu |
A million properties have been returned. | Милион поседа је враћено. | en-sr |
Borders between the Bosniak territory and the Bosnian-Serb territory have calmed down. | ボスニアとクロアチアの境界も、 ボスニアとセルビアの境界も落ち着きました。 | en-ja |
The national army has shrunk. | 播士尼亞國軍已經縮減 | en-zh-tw |
The crime rates in Bosnia today are lower than they are in Sweden. | 今日のボスニアの犯罪率は、 スウェーデンよりも低いのです。 | en-ja |
This has been done by an incredible, principled effort by the international community, and, of course, above all, by Bosnians themselves. | این اتفاق با تلاش اصولی و غیرقابل باور جامعه بینالمللی و البته در صدر آنها، خود بوسنیاييها افتاده است. | en-fa |
But you need to look at context. | Αλλά πρέπει να κοιτάζουμε το ευρύτερο πλαίσιο. | en-el |
And this is what we've lost in Afghanistan and Iraq. | Și exact asta nu am făcut în Afganistan și Irak. | en-ro |
You need to understand that in those places what really mattered was, firstly, the role of Tudman and Milosevic in coming to the agreement, and then the fact those men went, that the regional situation improved, that the European Union could offer Bosnia something extraordinary: the chance to be part of a new thing, a new club, a chance to join something bigger. | Bạn cần hiểu rằng ở những nơi đó điều thực sự có giá trị là, đầu tiên, vai trò của Tudman và Milosevic trong việc tiến tới thỏa thuận, và cả sự thực mà những người đó trải qua, là tình hình khu vực đã cải thiện, và Liên minh Châu Âu có thể đưa ra cho Bosnia một đề nghị đặc biệt: cơ hội trở thành một phần của một câu lạc bộ mới, cơ hội để tham gia một thứ lớn hơn. | en-vi |
And finally, we need to understand that in Bosnia and Kosovo, a lot of the secret of what we did, a lot of the secret of our success, was our humility -- was the tentative nature of our engagement. | ולבסוף, עלינו להבין שבבוסניה ובקוסובו, הרבה מהסוד של מה שהשגנו, הרבה מסוד הצלחתנו, היה הענווה שלנו-- טיבה הזמני של התערבותנו. | en-he |
We criticized people a lot in Bosnia for being quite slow to take on war criminals. | Критикувахме босненците, че не предприемат достатъчно действия, за да се опълчат на военнопрестъпниците. | en-bg |
We criticized them for being quite slow to return refugees. | 우리는 그들이 난민 상태로 돌아가는 데 시간이 오래 걸렸다고 비난했습니다. | en-ko |
But that slowness, that caution, the fact that President Clinton initially said that American troops would only be deployed for a year, turned out to be a strength, and it helped us to put our priorities right. | लेकिन यहसुस्ती, यह सावधानी, यह तथ्य कि राष्ट्रपति क्लिंटन ने शुरू में कहा कि अमेरिकी सैनिकों केवल एक वर्ष के लिए तैनात किये जायेंगे, एक ताकत बन गया है , और इसने हमें हमारी प्राथमिकताओं को सही करने में मदद की. | en-hi |
One of the saddest things about our involvement in Afghanistan is that we've got our priorities out of sync. | یکی از ناراحتكنندهترین چیزها درباره درگیری ما در افغانستان این است که زمان در اولویتهاي ما متفاوت بود. | en-fa |
We're not matching our resources to our priorities. | We zetten onze middelen niet in volgens onze prioriteiten. | en-nl |
Because if what we're interested in is terrorism, Pakistan is far more important than Afghanistan. | Так как если нам интересен терроризм, Пакистан более важен для нас, чем Афганистан. | en-ru |
If what we're interested in is regional stability, Egypt is far more important. | Jika yang penting bagi kita adalah stabilitas regional, Mesir jauh lebih penting. | en-id |
If what we're worried about is poverty and development, sub-Saharan Africa is far more important. | اگر چیزی که ما نگرانش بودیم فقر و توسعه است، کشورهای جنوب صحرای آفریقا بسیار مهمتر هستند. | en-fa |
This doesn't mean that Afghanistan doesn't matter, but that it's one of 40 countries in the world with which we need to engage. | Isso não significa que o Afeganistão não interessa, mas que é apenas um dos 40 países no mundo com os quais precisamos colaborar. | en-pt-br |
So if I can finish with a metaphor for intervention, what we need to think of is something like mountain rescue. | 所以如果我们可以以一个关于干预的隐喻作为结尾， 我们需要思考地是 有点像山峰紧急救援。 | en-zh-cn |
Why mountain rescue? | Perché questo esempio? | en-it |
Because when people talk about intervention, they imagine that some scientific theory -- the Rand Corporation goes around counting 43 previous insurgencies producing mathematical formula saying you need one trained counter-insurgent for every 20 members of the population. | Bo gdy mówimy o interwencji, wyobrażamy sobie teorie naukowe, badaczy, który skrupulatnie obliczają 43 minione akcje używając matematycznych wzorów, głoszą, że potrzeba 1 wyszkoloną osobę na 20 mieszkańców. | en-pl |
This is the wrong way of looking at it. | To je ten nesprávny spôsob, ako sa na to pozerať. | en-sk |
You need to look at it in the way that you look at mountain rescue. | คุณจะต้องมองมันเหมือนกับการกู้ภัยบนภูเขา | en-th |
When you're doing mountain rescue, you don't take a doctorate in mountain rescue, you look for somebody who knows the terrain. | Když někoho zachraňujete v horách, nevezmete někoho s doktorátem z horské služby. Hledáte někoho, kdo zná terén. | en-cs |
It's about context. | यह संदर्भ के बारे में है . | en-hi |
You understand that you can prepare, but the amount of preparation you can do is limited -- you can take some water, you can have a map, you can have a pack. | ברור לך שעליך להתכונן, אבל כמות ההכנות האפשרית היא מוגבלת. אתה יכול לקחת קצת מים, להכין מפה, אתה יכול לארוז תרמיל. | en-he |
But what really matters is two kinds of problems -- problems that occur on the mountain which you couldn't anticipate, such as, for example, ice on a slope, but which you can get around, and problems which you couldn't anticipate and which you can't get around, like a sudden blizzard or an avalanche or a change in the weather. | Pero lo que realmente importa son dos tipos de problemas: problemas que ocurren en la montaña que no se pudieron prever, como por ejemplo, hielo en una ladera, pero que se puede evadir. Y problemas que no se pudieron prever y que no se pueden evadir, como una tormenta de nieve repentina, o una avalancha, o un cambio en el clima. | en-es |
And the key to this is a guide who has been on that mountain, in every temperature, at every period -- a guide who, above all, knows when to turn back, who doesn't press on relentlessly when conditions turn against them. | Кључ за то је водич који је био на тој планини, по свакој температури, у свако време - водич који, изнад свега, зна када да се врати, који не наставља упорно када се услови окрену против њега. | en-sr |
What we look for in firemen, in climbers, in policemen, and what we should look for in intervention, is intelligent risk takers -- not people who plunge blind off a cliff, not people who jump into a burning room, but who weigh their risks, weigh their responsibilities. | Wat we zoeken in brandweerlieden, in klimmers, in politiemensen, en wat we zouden moeten zoeken voor interventie, zijn intelligente risiconemers -- niet mensen die blindelings in een afgrond springen, niet mensen die een brandende kamer binnenvallen, maar die de risico's afwegen, hun verantwoordelijkheden afwegen. | en-nl |
Because the worst thing we have done in Afghanistan is this idea that failure is not an option. | アフガニスタンの介入において 最もいけなかったのは、 失敗は許されないという考えです。 | en-ja |
It makes failure invisible, inconceivable and inevitable. | Es macht das Versagen unsichtbar, undenkbar und unvermeidbar. | en-de |
And if we can resist this crazy slogan, we shall discover -- in Egypt, in Syria, in Libya, and anywhere else we go in the world -- that if we can often do much less than we pretend, we can do much more than we fear. | И ако можемо да одолимо том лудом слогану, открићемо -- у Египту, у Сирији, у Либији и било где у свету да одемо - да често, ако урадимо мање него што се усуђујемо, можемо да урадимо више него што страхујемо. | en-sr |
(Applause) Thank you. Thank you very much. | (Аплодисменти) Благодаря. Много благодаря. | en-bg |
Thank you. Thank you very much. | Tusen takk. Mange takk skal dere ha. | en-nb |
(Applause) Bruno Giussani: Rory, you mentioned Libya at the end. | (Χειροκρότημα) Μπρούνο Γκ. : Ρόρι, αναφέρθηκες στη Λιβύη στο τέλος. | en-el |
Just briefly, what's your take on the current events there and the intervention? | Лишь коротко, что вы понимаете под текущими событиями и вмешательствами там? | en-ru |
Rory Stewart: Okay, I think Libya poses the classic problem. | 네. 제 생각에 리비아는 전통적인 문제를 가지고 있습니다. | en-ko |
The problem in Libya is that we are always pushing for the black or white. | लीबिया में समस्या है कि हम हमेशा पूर्ण काले या सफेद के लिए जोर दे रहे हैं . | en-hi |
We imagine there are only two choices: either full engagement and troop deployment or total isolation. | Nous nous imaginons qu'il n'y a que deux choix : soit l'engagement complet et le déploiement des troupes, ou bien l'isolation totale. | en-fr |
And we are always being tempted up to our neck. | فنحن على الدوام ننظر إلى نهاية التدخل والخيار الذي نقوم به | en-ar |
We put our toes in and we go up to our neck. | Nous trempons le pied et puis nous nous enfonçons jusqu'au cou. | en-fr |
What we should have done in Libya is we should have stuck to the U.N. resolution. | Αυτό που έπρεπε να κάνουμε στη Λιβύη ήταν να μείνουμε πιστοί στην απόφαση του ΟΗΕ. | en-el |
We should have limited ourselves very, very strictly to the protection of the civilian population in Benghazi. | Szigorúan korlátoznunk kellett volna magunkat a bengházi civil lakosság védelmére. | en-hu |
We could have done that. | 우리는 그 일을 할 수도 있었습니다. | en-ko |
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