english stringlengths 2 3.06k | non_english stringlengths 1 2.84k | language stringclasses 52 values |
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We found molecules called halorhodopsins or archaerhodopsins, that respond to green and yellow light. | ומצאנו כל מיני מולקולות, שנקראות האלורודופסין או ארכיאורודופסין, שמגיבות לאור ירוק וצהוב. | en-he |
And they do the opposite of the molecule I told you about before, with the blue light activator, channelrhodopsin. | Si comportano in modo opposto alla molecola cui vi accennavo con l'attivatore di luce blu channelrhodopsin. | en-it |
Let's give an example of where we think this is going to go. | Ora vi dirò a cosa crediamo che tutto questo ci possa condurre. | en-it |
Consider, for example, a condition like epilepsy, where the brain is overactive. | Mesela epilepsi gibi beynin fazla aktif olduğu bir durum düşünün. | en-tr |
Now, if drugs fail in epileptic treatment, one of the strategies is to remove part of the brain, but that's irreversible, and there could be side effects. | Dacă medicamentele nu funcţionează în tratamentul epileptic, una dintre strategii este de a îndepărta o porţiune din creier. Dar evident că este ireversibil şi pot apărea efecte secundare. Ce ar fi dacă am putea dezactiva porţiunea de creier, pentru scurt timp, | en-ro |
What if we could just turn off that brain for the brief amount of time until the seizure dies away, and cause the brain to be restored to its initial state, like a dynamical system that's being coaxed down into a stable state? | μέχρι η κρίση επιληψίας να σταματήσει, και να επιτρέψει στον εγκέφαλο να αποκατασταθεί στην αρχική του κατάσταση -- όπως ένα δυναμικό σύστημα το οποίο σταδιακά καταλήγει σε μια σταθερή κατάσταση. | en-el |
This animation tries to explain this concept where we made these cells sensitive to being turned off with light, and we beam light in, and just for the time it takes to shut down a seizure, we're hoping to be able to turn it off. | Šis filmukas tiesiog bando paaiškinti šią idėją, kai padarome šias ląsteles išjungiamas su šviesa ir apšviečiame jas, tik taip ilgai, kaip būtina priepuoliui nuslopinti, tikimės kad galėsime jas išjungti. Mes neturime ko jums parodyti šioje srityje, | en-lt |
We don't have data to show you on this front, but we're very excited about this. | но мы многого от них ожидаем. Теперь я расскажу | en-ru |
I want to close on one story, which we think is another possibility, which is that maybe these molecules, if you can do ultraprecise control, can be used in the brain itself to make a new kind of prosthetic, an optical prosthetic. | que pensem que és una altra possibilitat: si s'aconsegueix controlar de forma molt precisa aquestes neurones, es podria fer servir per fer al cervell un nou tipus de pròtesi: una pròtesi òptica. Ja us he comentat que els estimuladors elèctrics són freqüents. | en-ca |
Seventy-five thousand people have Parkinson's deep-brain stimulators implanted, maybe 100,000 people have cochlear implants, which allow them to hear. | 75,000 Parkinson kóros embernek van mélyagyi stimulátor beultetve. Talán 100,000 embernek van Cochlear implantátuma, ami lehetővé teszi, hogy halljanak. | en-hu |
Another thing -- you've got to get these genes into cells. | Pozostaje kwestia dostarczenia tych genów do komórek. | en-pl |
A new hope in gene therapy has been developed, because viruses like the adeno-associated virus -- which probably most of us around this room have; it doesn't have any symptoms -- have been used in hundreds of patients to deliver genes into the brain or the body. | 그리고 유전자 치료에서의 시로운 희망이 점차로 발전했든데 분비선 관련 바이러스들은, 아마 이 장소에 있는 우리중 대부분이 가지고 있을것이기도 하고, 아무 증상도 동반하지 않기 때문에, 수백명의 환자의 몸 또는 뇌 속으로 유전자를 전달하는 데 사용되었습니다. | en-ko |
And so far, there have not been serious adverse events associated with the virus. | Ve şimdiye dek bu virüsle bağlantılı ciddi kötü olaylarla karşılaşılmadı. Odada es geçilen son bir gerçek daha var, | en-tr |
There's one last elephant in the room: the proteins themselves, which come from algae, bacteria and funguses and all over the tree of life. | provenienti da alghe, batteri e funghi, in tutti i vari ambiti della vita. | en-it |
Most of us don't have funguses or algae in our brains, so what will our brain do if we put that in? | De flesta har inte svamp eller alger i hjärnan, vad gör hjärnan om vi sätter in dem? | en-sv |
Will the cells tolerate it? Will the immune system react? | Será que as células ou o sistema imunitário vão reagir? | en-pt |
It's early -- these haven't been done in humans yet -- but we're working on a variety of studies to examine this. | aber wir arbeiten an einer Vielzahl von Studien um das auszuprobieren und zu testen. | en-de |
So far, we haven't seen overt reactions of any severity to these molecules or to the illumination of the brain with light. | Până acum nu am observat reacţii evidente, de nici un fel de severitate generate de aceste molecule sau de iluminarea creierului cu lumină. | en-ro |
So it's early days, to be upfront, but we're excited about it. | Если честно, это только начало, но мы ожидаем многого. | en-ru |
I wanted to close with one story, which we think could potentially be a clinical application. | Eu quero fechar com uma história, que achamos que poderá ter potencial para aplicação clínica. | en-pt-br |
Now, there are many forms of blindness where the photoreceptors -- light sensors in the back of our eye -- are gone. | Υπάρχουν πολλά είδη τύφλωσης όπου οι φωτοϋποδοχείς, οι ανιχνευτές φωτός που είναι στο πίσω μέρος του ματιού, έχουν εξαφανιστεί. Και ο αμφιβληστροειδής, φυσικά, είναι μια περίπλοκη δομή. | en-el |
Let's zoom in on it so we can see it in more detail. | Сега нека увеличим тук, за да можем да видим по-подробно. Фоторецепторните клетки се виждат тук, на върха, | en-bg |
The signals that are detected by the photoreceptors are transformed via various computations until finally, the layer of cells at the bottom, the ganglion cells, relay the information to the brain, where we see that as perception. | tada signalai, kurie aptinkami šiomis ląstelėmis, pakeičiami įvairių skaičiavimų, kol galiausiai apatinis ląstelių sluoksnis, ganglinės ląstelės, perduoda informaciją smegenims, kur mes matome tai, kaip suvokimą. Daugelyje aklumo formų, kaip tinklainės pigmentacija, | en-lt |
In many forms of blindness, like retinitis pigmentosa or macular degeneration, the photoreceptor cells have atrophied or been destroyed. | 網膜色素変性症や黄斑変性症などで 失明する際には 光受容体細胞は萎縮 または破壊されています | en-ja |
Now, how could you repair this? | Ahora ¿Cómo puedes reparar esto? | en-es |
It's not even clear that a drug could cause this to be restored, since there's nothing for the drug to bind to. | در این مورد حتی مشخص نیست که یک دارو بتونه باعث برگشت این سلولها بشه، چون چیزی برای پیوند با دارو وجود نداره. | en-fa |
On the other hand, light can still get into the eye. | D'altra banda, la llum pot arribar encara a l'ull. L'ull encara és transparent i s'hi pot introduir llum a través d'ell. | en-ca |
So what if we could take these channelrhodopsins and other molecules and install them on some of these other spared cells and convert them into little cameras? | Asi que ¿Que tal si pudiéramos solo tomar estas canalrodopsinas y otras moléculas e instalarlas en alguna de estas otras células libres y convertirlas en pequeñas cámaras? Y dado que hay muchas de estas células en el ojo | en-es |
And because there are so many of these cells in the eye, potentially, they could be very high-resolution cameras. | 目には多数の細胞が存在するので 解像度の非常に高いカメラとなるはずです | en-ja |
This is some work that we're doing, led by one of our collaborators, Alan Horsager at USC, and being sought to be commercialized by a start-up company, Eos Neuroscience, which is funded by the NIH. | והפרוייקט הוא בהנהגת אחד השותפים שלנו, אלן הורסגר מאוניברסיטת דרום קליפורניה (USC), וחברת הסטארט-אפ Eos Neuroscience מתעניינת בו, פרוייקט הממומן ע"י מכון הבריאות הלאומי (NIH). | en-he |
What you see here is a mouse trying to solve a six-arm maze. | 現在你可以看見這隻老鼠試圖在迷宮裡找出口。 在這六臂迷宮裡被倒入一些流動的水 | en-zh-tw |
There's a bit of water to motivate the mouse to move or he'll just sit there. | E há água no labirinto para motivar o rato a se mover, senão ele ficaria apenas ali parado. | en-pt-br |
The goal of this maze is to get out of the water and go to a little platform that's under the lit top port. | 這迷宮設計的目的 是讓水會從出口處流出到一個 安裝光源的平臺. | en-zh-tw |
Mice are smart, so this one solves the maze eventually, but he does a brute-force search. | Miševi su pametni pa ovaj miš na kraju rješava labirint, ali ga pretražuje grubom silom. | en-hr |
He's swimming down every avenue until he finally gets to the platform. | On pliva svakim prolazom dok na kraju napokon ne dođe do platforme. | en-hr |
He's not using vision to do it. | Hij maakt daarvoor geen gebruik van zijn ogen. | en-nl |
These different mice are different mutations that recapitulate different kinds of blindness that affect humans. | Aquests ratolins són mutacions diferents que reflexen diferents tipus de ceguesa que afecten les persones. | en-ca |
So we're being careful in trying to look at these different models so we come up with a generalized approach. | Zato oprezno pregledavamo te različite modele, kako bismo došli do općeg pristupa. Dakle, kako ćemo ovo riješiti? | en-hr |
So how can we solve this? | Esattamente come vi ho fatto vedere nella diapositiva precedente. | en-it |
We'll do exactly what we outlined in the previous slide. | Mes paimsime šiuos mėlynai šviesai jautrius fotosensorius | en-lt |
We'll take these blue light photo sensors and install them onto a layer of cells in the middle of the retina in the back of the eye and convert them into a camera -- just like installing solar cells all over those neurons to make them light-sensitive. | i els instal·larem en una capa de cèl·lules al mig de la retina, al fons de l'ull i les convertirem en una càmara. Com si instal·léssim cèl·lules solars per tot arreu al voltant de les neurones, per tal de fer-les sensibles a la llum. | en-ca |
Light is converted to electricity on them. | Amb elles, la llum es converteix en electricitat. | en-ca |
So this mouse was blind a couple weeks before this experiment and received one dose of this photosensitive molecule on a virus. | Aquest ratolí era cec un parell de setmanes abans de l'experiment i va rebre una dosi d'aquesta mol·lècula sensible a la llum a través d'un virus. | en-ca |
And now you can see, the animal can indeed avoid walls and go to this little platform and make cognitive use of its eyes again. | Ve şimdi hayvanın duvarlara çarpmaktan sakınabildiğini ve bu küçük platforma gittiğini ve gözlerini bilinçli olarak tekrardan nasıl kullandığını görebilirsiniz. | en-tr |
And to point out the power of this: these animals can get to that platform just as fast as animals that have seen their entire lives. | És a módszer ereje abban van, hogy ezek az állatok képesek a platformra jutni éppoly gyorsan mint az állatok akik egész életükben láttak. Szerintem ezek az elő-klinikai tanulmány | en-hu |
So this preclinical study, I think, bodes hope for the kinds of things we're hoping to do in the future. | 但是我认为这是个好兆头 未来我们希望我们能够成功 | en-zh-cn |
We're also exploring new business models for this new field of neurotechnology. | Na závěr jen dodám, že zkoušíme i nové obchodní modely. | en-cs |
We're developing tools and sharing them freely with hundreds of groups all over the world for them to study and try to treat different disorders. | 我们发明了这些工具 但是我们愿意和全世界的人共同分享 这样人们才能进一步研究并尝试治疗其他各种疾病 我们希望，通过了解大脑的神经网络 | en-zh-cn |
Our hope is that by figuring out brain circuits at a level of abstraction that lets us repair them and engineer them, we can take some of these intractable disorders I mentioned earlier, practically none of which are cured, and in the 21st century, make them history. | la un nivel de abstractizare ce ne-ar permite repararea şi proiectarea lor, am putea ca pe aceste tulburări mentale, menţionate mai devreme, din care practic nici una nu poate fi vindecată să le facem să devină istorie în secolul 21. Vă mulţumesc. | en-ro |
(Applause) Juan Enriquez: So some of this stuff is a little dense. | (Аплодисменты) Хуан Энрикес: Кое-что было немного непонятно. | en-ru |
(Laughter) But the implications of being able to control seizures or epilepsy with light instead of drugs and being able to target those specifically is a first step. | (Γέλια) Αλλά οι επιπτώσεις του να μπορείς να ελέγξεις επιληπτικές κρίσεις με φως αντί για φάρμακα, και να μπορείς να στοχεύσεις αυτές συγκεκριμένα είναι ένα πρώτο βήμα. | en-el |
The second thing that I think I heard you say is you can now control the brain in two colors, like an on-off switch. | نکته دوم که فکر کنم به آن اشاره کردید اینه ما الان میتونیم مغز را با دو رنگ کنترل کنیم. مثل یک سوییچ خاموش و روشن. - درسته. | en-fa |
Ed Boyden: That's right. | JE: Lo que hace de todo impulso que va al cerebro un código binario. | en-es |
EB: Right. | EB: Pareizi, jā. | en-lv |
With blue light, we can drive information, and it's in the form of a one. | אז עם אור כחול אנחנו יכולים להעביר מידע, והוא מסוג 1. | en-he |
And by turning things off, it's more or less a zero. | En éteignant le tout, c'est plus ou moins un zéro. Notre espoir est de finir par construire des coprocesseurs du cerveau | en-fr |
Our hope is to eventually build brain coprocessors that work with the brain so we can augment functions in people with disabilities. | 来和大脑一起运作 以此来帮助那些有残疾的人 | en-zh-cn |
JE: And in theory, that means that, as a mouse feels, smells, hears, touches, you can model it out as a string of ones and zeros. | אנריקז: ובתיאוריה, זה אומר שכשהעכבר חש, מריח, שומע, נוגע, אתם יכולים למדל את זה כרצף של 1 ו 0. | en-he |
EB: Yeah. We're hoping to use this as a way of testing what neural codes can drive certain behaviors and certain thoughts and certain feelings and use that to understand more about the brain. | BE: To ano. Rádi bychom takto odhalovali neurální kódy, které spouštějí určité jednání, myšlenky či emoce, a pronikli tak více do tajemství mozku. | en-cs |
JE: Does that mean that someday you could download memories and maybe upload them? | JE: Isso quer dizer que um dia poderemos fazer o download e o upload de memórias? | en-pt |
EB: That's something we're starting to work on very hard. | EB: Beh, è un settore in cui ci stiamo impegnando molto. | en-it |
We're now working on trying to tile the brain with recording elements, too, so we can record information and then drive information back in -- sort of computing what the brain needs in order to augment its information processing. | Sada radimo na nečemu gdje pokušavamo pokriti mozak također elementima snimača. Tako možemo snimiti informacije i tada ih opet provesti unutra -- poput računanja onoga što mozak treba, kako bismo poboljšali procesuiranje informacija. | en-hr |
JE: Well, that might change a couple things. Thank you. | JE: 嗯，这会改变我的世界的。谢谢! (EB: 谢谢.) | en-zh-cn |
EB: Thank you. | (Tepuk tangan) | en-id |
Hello, my name is Thomas Heatherwick. | Dobar dan, moje ime je Thomas Heatherwick. | en-hr |
I have a studio in London that has a particular approach to designing buildings. | ロンドンにアトリエを構え 独自のやり方で 建物をデザインしています | en-ja |
When I was growing up, I was exposed to making and crafts and materials and invention on a small scale. | Gyermekkoromban gyakran találkoztam kézművességgel és anyagokkal és apró találmányokkal. | en-hu |
And I was there looking at the larger scale of buildings and finding that the buildings that were around me and that were being designed and that were there in the publications I was seeing felt soulless and cold. | И там гледах големия мащаб на сградите и открих, че сградите, които бяха около мен, и които бяха проектирани, и които бяха там в публикациите, които виждах, се чувстваха бездушни и студени. | en-bg |
And there on the smaller scale, the scale of an earring or a ceramic pot or a musical instrument, was a materiality and a soulfulness. | Amíg ott, a kisebb léptékben, egy fülbevaló léptékében vagy egy kerámiacserép vagy egy hangszer léptékében, valódi lényeg és lelkiség volt. | en-hu |
And this influenced me. | וזה השפיע עליי. | en-he |
The first building I built was 20 years ago. | 20年前我建造了第一座建筑 | en-zh-cn |
And since, in the last 20 years, I've developed a studio in London. | และนับจากนั้น ใน 20 ปีที่ผ่านมา ผมได้พัฒนาสตูดิโอในลอนดอน | en-th |
Sorry, this was my mother, by the way, in her bead shop in London. | סליחה, זו אמא שלי, דרך אגב, בחנות החרוזים שלה בלונדון | en-he |
I spent a lot of time counting beads and things like that. | Eu passava imenso tempo a contar pérolas e coisas assim. | en-pt |
I'm just going to show, for people who don't know my studio's work, a few projects that we've worked on. | Saya akan memperlihatkan bagi orang-orang yang tidak tahu karya studio saya, beberapa proyek yang kami sudah kerjakan. | en-id |
This is a hospital building. | Toto je nemocnica. | en-sk |
This is a shop for a bag company. | To je trgovina podjetja s torbami. | en-sl |
This is studios for artists. | Studio của nghệ sĩ. | en-vi |
This is a sculpture made from a million yards of wire and 150,000 glass beads the size of a golf ball. | זהו פסל העשויי מ-914,400 מטרים של כבל ומ150,000 חרוזי זכוכית בגודל של כדור גולף. | en-he |
And this is a window display. | In to je izložbeno okno. | en-sl |
And this is pair of cooling towers for an electricity substation next to St. Paul's Cathedral in London. | A to para wież chłodzących dla stacji elektroenergetycznej obok Katedry św. Pawła w Londynie. | en-pl |
And this is a temple in Japan for a Buddhist monk. | Und dies ist ein Tempel in Japan für einen buddhistischen Mönch. | en-de |
And this is a cafe by the sea in Britain. | А це кафе біля моря у Британії. | en-uk |
And just very quickly, something we've been working on very recently is we were commissioned by the mayor of London to design a new bus that gave the passenger their freedom again. | Très rapidement, quelque chose sur quoi nous avons travaillé très récemment qui nous a été commandé par le maire de Londres pour concevoir un nouveau bus qui donnerait à nouveau leur liberté aux passagers. | en-fr |
Because the original Routemaster bus that some of you may be familiar with, which had this open platform at the back -- in fact, I think all our Routemasters are here in California now actually. | Тому що оригінальний Routemaster автобус, який декому з вас можливо знайомий і який мав відкриту платформу позаду. Насправді, я думаю всі наші Routemasters тут у Каліфорнії больш актуальні. | en-uk |
But they aren't in London. | ロンドンにはありません | en-ja |
And so you're stuck on a bus. | Είστε λοιπόν, εγκλωβισμένοι σε ένα λεωφορείο. | en-el |
And if the bus is going to stop and it's three yards away from the bus stop, you're just a prisoner. | I jeśli autobus się zatrzymuje i jest trzy jardy od przystanku, jesteście jego więźniami. | en-pl |
But the mayor of London wanted to reintroduce buses with this open platform. | Але мер Лондону хоче відновити автобуси з відкритою платформою. | en-uk |
So we've been working with Transport for London, and that organization hasn't actually been responsible as a client for a new bus for 50 years. | Nous travaillons donc avec Transport for London, et cette organisation n’avait pas été en charge d'un projet de nouveau bus depuis 50 ans. | en-fr |
And so we've been very lucky to have a chance to work. | 그렇게 운좋게 프로젝트를 진행할 기회를 잡았습니다. | en-ko |
The brief is that the bus should use 40 percent less energy. | 업무지침은 40%의 에너지 절감을 해야한다는 것이었습니다. | en-ko |
So it's got hybrid drive. | Nó được gắn động cơ ... | en-vi |
And we've been working to try to improve everything from the fabric to the format and structure and aesthetics. | Радимо на томе да покушамо да побољшамо све, од материјала до облика и структуре и изгледа. | en-sr |
I was going to show four main projects. | ผมจะแสดงสี่โครงการหลักของเราให้ดู | en-th |
And this is a project for a bridge. | Đây là dự án cho một cây cầu. | en-vi |
And so we were commissioned to design a bridge that would open. | Chúng tôi được giao nhiệm vụ thiết kế cây cầu có thể mở | en-vi |
And openings seemed -- everyone loves opening bridges, but it's quite a basic thing. | Разводные мосты не новость — все любят разводные мосты, но это вполне простая вещь. | en-ru |
I think we all kind of stand and watch. | Мы просто стоим и смотрим. | en-ru |
But the bridges that we saw that opened and closed -- I'm slightly squeamish -- but I once saw a photograph of a footballer who was diving for a ball. | Mais le pont que nous avons vu qui s’ouvre et se ferme -- je suis un peu impressionnable -- mais une fois j’ai vu une photo d’un footballeur en train de plonger vers la balle. | en-fr |
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