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parallel-talks-deduplicated

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The slogan of the early '70s was "Go to the people.
Началото на седемдестетте мина под мотото "Отидете при хората.
en-bg
Live with them; love them.
Žite s nimi, milujte ich.
en-sk
Start from what they know. Build on what they have."
Começar pelo que eles sabem.
en-pt
This was kind of the defining slogan.
Это был основополагающий девиз.
en-ru
Well I took one year.
Thực ra, tôi đã bỏ ra 1 năm.
en-vi
I joined Telco, made TATA trucks, pretty close to Pune.
gia nhập Telco, làm xe tải TATA, khá gần với Pune.
en-vi
I worked there for two years, and I realized that I was not born to make trucks.
我在那裡工作了兩年 然後我發現自己不適合去做卡車
en-zh-tw
Often one doesn't know what one wants to do, but it's good enough to know what you don't want to do.
Meist weiß man nicht, was man tun will, aber es reicht aus zu wissen, was man nicht tun möchte.
en-de
So I took one year off, and I went to this village science program.
Така че си взех една година почивка и се присъединих съм научната програма.
en-bg
And it was a turning point.
Ir tai buvo persilaužimas.
en-lt
It was a very small village -- a weekly bazaar where people, just once in a week, they put in all the vats.
Bola to veľmi malá dedina s týždenným bazárom, na ktorom ľudia ponúkali svoj tovar.
en-sk
So I said, "I'm going to spend a year over here."
پس من گفتم، "من می خواهم یک سال اینجا بمانم"
en-fa
So I just bought one specimen of everything which was sold on the roadside.
Comprei um exemplar de tudo o que vendiam ao longo da estrada.
en-pt
And one thing which I found was this black rubber.
E trovai ad esempio questa gomma nera.
en-it
This is called a cycle valve tube.
Ово се зове кружни цевчасти вентил.
en-sr
When you pump in air in a bicycle, you use a bit of this.
Όταν τρομπάρεις αέρα σε ένα ποδήλατο, χρησιμοποιείς ένα κομμάτι από αυτό.
en-el
And some of these models -- so you take a bit of this cycle valve tube, you can put two matchsticks inside this, and you make a flexible joint.
A neki od tih modela -- dakle, uzmete dio te unutarnje gume za bicikl s ventilom, možete staviti dvije šibice unutra, i napravite fleksibilan spoj.
en-hr
It's a joint of tubes. You start by teaching angles -- an acute angle, a right angle, an obtuse angle, a straight angle.
Het is een gelede slang. Je begint met uitleg over hoeken -- een scherpe hoek, een rechte hoek, een stompe hoek, een rechte hoek.
en-nl
It's like its own little coupling.
그것은 그 자신만의 작은 연결장치와 같은 것입니다.
en-ko
If you have three of them, and you loop them together, well you make a triangle.
en lille kobling. Hvis du har tre og sætter dem sammen, har du laver en trekant.
en-da
With four, you make a square, you make a pentagon, you make a hexagon, you make all these kind of polygons.
Com quatro, você faz um quadrado, você faz um pentágono, um hexágono, você faz todos estes tipos de polígonos.
en-pt-br
And they have some wonderful properties.
これにはすごい特徴があるんです
en-ja
If you look at the hexagon, for instance, it's like an amoeba, which is constantly changing its own profile.
Například když se podíváte na pětiúhelník, je jako améba, která mění svůj tvar.
en-cs
You can just pull this out, this becomes a rectangle.
يمكن فقط أن تجذب هذا، فيصبح مستطيلا.
en-ar
You give it a push, this becomes a parallelogram.
Pogurnete ga i postaje paralelogram.
en-hr
But this is very shaky.
Ali to je vrlo klimavo.
en-hr
Look at the pentagon, for instance, pull this out -- it becomes a boat shape trapezium.
Mireu el pentagon, per exemple, treiem això i tenim un trapezi en forma de vaixell.
en-ca
Push it and it becomes house shaped.
Spingi qui e hai la forma di una casa.
en-it
This becomes an isosceles triangle -- again, very shaky.
Так маємо рівнобедрений трикутник - знову ж таки, без найменших зусиль.
en-uk
This square might look very square and prim.
Цей чотирикутник може виглядати квадратним та правильним.
en-uk
Give it a little push -- this becomes a rhombus.
နည်းနည်းလေး တွန်းလိုက်ရင် ရွမ်းဗတ်ပုံပါ။
en-my
It becomes kite-shaped.
စွန်ရဲ့ ပုံနဲ့ သိပ်တူပါတယ်။
en-my
But give a child a triangle, he can't do a thing to it.
Дайте ребенку треугольник, и он ничего не сможет сделать.
en-ru
Why use triangles?
为什么是三角形呢？
en-zh-cn
Because triangles are the only rigid structures.
Porque são as únicas estruturas rígidas.
en-pt
We can't make a bridge with squares because the train would come, it would start doing a jig.
Não podemos construir pontes com quadrados, porque, quando o comboio passasse, começava tudo a abanar.
en-pt
Ordinary people know about this because if you go to a village in India, they might not have gone to engineering college, but no one makes a roof placed like this.
As pessoas comuns sabem disto, porque se você for a um povoado na Índia, as pessoas lá podem não ter estudado engenharia na universidade, mas nenhuma delas construiria um telhado assim.
en-pt-br
Because if they put tiles on top, it's just going to crash.
Bo jak położą dachówkę, po prostu się zawali.
en-pl
They always make a triangular roof.
הם תמיד עושים גגות משולשים.
en-he
Now this is people science.
Això és ciència popular.
en-ca
And if you were to just poke a hole over here and put a third matchstick, you'll get a T joint.
Ir jei jūs čia išdurtumėte skylę ir įdėtumėte trečią degtuką, gautumėte T jungtį.
en-lt
And if I were to poke all the three legs of this in the three vertices of this triangle, I would make a tetrahedron.
А ако бих гурнуо све три ноге овога у три врха овог троугла, могао бих да направим тетраедар.
en-sr
So you make all these 3D shapes.
Այսպիսիով, ստանում եք այս բոլոր 3D պատկերները։
en-hy
You make a tetrahedron like this.
Jūs izveidosiet četrskaldni, kā šo.
en-lv
And once you make these, you make a little house.
E dopo costruisci una casetta.
en-it
Put this on top.
Postawmy to na górze.
en-pl
You can make a joint of four. You can make a joint of six.
Môžete urobiť štvoritý, šestoritý kĺb.
en-sk
You just need a ton.
Só precisam de muitos.
en-pt
Now this was -- you make a joint of six, you make an icosahedron.
Ovo je bilo -- napravite spoj iz njih šest, napravili ste ikosaedar.
en-hr
You can play around with it.
अब इस के साथ जो चाहे करिये।
en-hi
This makes an igloo.
हे झालं एक इग्लू.
en-mr
Now this is in 1978.
Ça c'était en 1978,
en-fr
I was a 24-year-old young engineer.
我是一个24岁的青年工程师
en-zh-cn
And I thought this was so much better than making trucks.
cuando pensé que esto era mucho mejor que hacer camiones.
en-es
(Applause) If you, as a matter of fact, put four marbles inside, you simulate the molecular structure of methane, CH4.
(Applausi) Poi, se ci infilate quattro palline, simulerete la struttura molecolare del metano, CH4.
en-it
Four atoms of hydrogen, the four points of the tetrahedron, which means the little carbon atom.
水素が4つ 四面体の４つの頂点 この間に炭素原子があるのです
en-ja
Well since then, I just thought that I've been really privileged to go to over 2,000 schools in my country -- village schools, government schools, municipal schools, Ivy League schools -- I've been invited by most of them.
Neyse, o zamandan beri ülkemde 2000'den fazla okula gittiğim için gerçekten ayrıcalıklı olduğumu düşünürüm. Köy okulları, devlet okulları, sarmaşık ligi okulları -- Bunların pek çoğu tarafından davet edildim.
en-tr
And every time I go to a school, I see a gleam in the eyes of the children.
Ամեն անգամ, երբ գնում եմ դպրոց, երեխաների աչքերում փայլ եմ տեսնում։
en-hy
I see hope. I see happiness in their faces.
من امید میبینم. من شادی را در صورت های آنها می بینم.
en-fa
Children want to make things. Children want to do things.
Дети хотят творить. Дети хотят действовать.
en-ru
Now this, we make lots and lots of pumps.
Ահա, մենք պատրաստում ենք շատ ու շատ նման պոմպեր։
en-hy
Now this is a little pump with which you could inflate a balloon.
Ово је мала пумпа са којом можемо да надувамо балон.
en-sr
It's a real pump. You could actually pop the balloon.
Ez egy működő pumpa. Akár kis is tudnák durrantani a lufit.
en-hu
And we have a slogan that the best thing a child can do with a toy is to break it.
My máme heslo že nejlepší je, když dítě tu hračku rozbije.
en-cs
So all you do is -- it's a very kind of provocative statement -- this old bicycle tube and this old plastic [unclear] This filling cap will go very snugly into an old bicycle tube.
Então, tudo que você precisa – isto é uma declaração tipo provocante – é um tubo de bicicleta velho e este [obscuro] de plástico velho Esta tampa se ajustará perfeitamente no tubo velho da bicicleta.
en-pt-br
And this is how you make a valve.
E é assim que se faz uma válvula.
en-pt-br
You put a little sticky tape.
bạn đặt vào một miếng băng dính nhỏ.
en-vi
This is one-way traffic.
هذا طريق باتجاه واحد.
en-ar
Well we make lots and lots of pumps.
Λοιπόν, φτιάχνουμε πάρα πολλές αντλίες.
en-el
And this is the other one -- that you just take a straw, and you just put a stick inside and you make two half-cuts.
I aquesta és una altra, agafes una canya, li poses un pal a dintre, hi fas dos talls.
en-ca
Now this is what you do, is you bend both these legs into a triangle, and you just wrap some tape around.
Depois, dobramos as duas pontas para formar um triângulo. e depois enrolamos fita-cola à volta.
en-pt
And this is the pump.
就有了一个泵
en-zh-cn
And now, if you have this pump, it's like a great, great sprinkler.
E adesso con questa pompa creiamo uno spruzzatore.
en-it
It's like a centrifuge.
E' come una centrifuga.
en-it
If you spin something, it tends to fly out.
Wenn man etwas dreht, strebt es nach außen.
en-de
(Applause) Well in terms of -- if you were in Andhra Pradesh, you would make this with the palmyra leaf.
(Χειροκρότημα) Λοιπόν σχετικά με -- αν ήσουν στο Andhra Pradesh, θα έφτιαχνες αυτό με το φύλλο φοίνικα.
en-el
Many of our folk toys have great science principles.
我们民间玩具中有很多 都蕴含着伟大的科学原理
en-zh-cn
If you spin-top something, it tends to fly out.
Als je iets ronddraait, zal het naar buiten vliegen.
en-nl
If I do it with both hands, you can see this fun Mr. Flying Man.
Ak to urobím oboma rukami, môžete vidieť tohto pána Flying Man.
en-sk
Right.
자, 그럼.
en-ko
This is a toy which is made from paper. It's amazing.
Tohle je hračka vyrobená z papíru.
en-cs
There are four pictures.
Fantasztikus. Négy kép van rajta.
en-hu
You see insects, you see frogs, snakes, eagles, butterflies, frogs, snakes, eagles.
Երևում են միջատներ, գորտեր, օձեր, արծիվներ, թիթեռներ, գորտեր, օձեր, արծիվներ։
en-hy
Here's a paper which you could [unclear] -- designed by a mathematician at Harvard in 1928, Arthur Stone, documented by Martin Gardner in many of his many books.
این یک تکه کاغذی است که می توانید با آن [نا مفهوم] -- طراحی شده توسط یک زیاضی دان در هاروارد در ۱۹۲۸، آرتور استون، ثبت شده توسط مارتین گاردنر در بسیاری از کتاب هایش.
en-fa
But this is great fun for children.
A gyerekek élvezik ezt!
en-hu
They all study about the food chain.
Ils apprennent l'ordre de la chaine alimentaire.
en-fr
The insects are eaten by the frogs; the frogs are eaten by the snakes; the snakes are eaten by the eagles.
De insecten worden opgegeten door de kikkers, de kikkers door de slangen, de slangen door de adelaars.
en-nl
And this can be, if you had a whole photocopy paper -- A4 size paper -- you could be in a municipal school, you could be in a government school -- a paper, a scale and a pencil -- no glue, no scissors.
Og dette kan laves, hvis du havde et helt A4-papir. - du kunne være i en byskole, - i en offentlig skole - et papir, en lineal og en blyant - ingen lim, ingen saks.
en-da
In three minutes, you just fold this up.
Do troch minút to máte zložené.
en-sk
And what you could use it for is just limited by your imagination.
또 그것을 무엇에 이용할 수 있는지는 상상력에 달려있습니다.
en-ko
If you take a smaller paper, you make a smaller flexagon.
Если лист бумаги маленький, получится маленький флексагон.
en-ru
With a bigger one, you make a bigger one.
Z väčšieho, väčší.
en-sk
Now this is a pencil with a few slots over here.
Ahora, este es un lápiz con unas pocas ranuras.
en-es
And you put a little fan here.
Και βάζεις μια μικρή φτερωτή εδώ.
en-el
And this is a hundred-year-old toy.
و این یک اسباب بازی صد ساله است.
en-fa
There have been six major research papers on this.
Սրա վերաբերյալ վեց մեծ հետազոտական աշխատանք է գրվել։
en-hy
There's some grooves over here, you can see.
Υπάρχουν μερικά αυλάκια εδώ, μπορείτε να δείτε.
en-el
And if I take a reed -- if I rub this, something very amazing happens.
És ha fogok egy nádszálat, és dörzsölni kezdem, valami nagyon érdekes történik.
en-hu
Six major research papers on this.
Sei studi di ricerca!
en-it
As a matter of fact, Feynman, as a child, was very fascinated by this.
Tatsächlich war Feynman als Kind sehr fasziniert davon.
en-de