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Now, when we tell this story of the 1929 Crash, that's usually the formula that it follows -- that there was a shock and it induced a wake-up call and that produced a leap to a safer place.
|
Quando contamos a história da crise de 1929, esta é geralmente a fórmula que segue, que houve um choque e isto induziu a uma chamada para despertar e que produziu um salto para um lugar mais seguro.
|
en-pt-br
|
Now, if that's really what it took, then why isn't it working anymore?
|
如果真是这样, 这个公式现在为什么没有用了?
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en-zh-cn
|
Why do today's non-stop shocks -- why don't they spur us into action?
|
Pourquoi est-ce que les chocs permanents actuels ne nous poussent pas à agir ?
|
en-fr
|
Why don't they produce leaps?
|
لماذا لم نعد نتقدم؟
|
en-ar
|
Especially when it comes to climate change.
|
Naročito kad se radi o klimatskim promjenama.
|
en-hr
|
So I want to talk to you today about what I think is a much more complete recipe for deep transformation catalyzed by shocking events.
|
Así que hoy quiero hablarles de lo que creo que es una receta de transformación, mucho más completa, catalizada por eventos estremecedores.
|
en-es
|
And I'm going to focus on two key ingredients that usually get left out of the history books.
|
Je vais me concentrer sur deux ingrédients clés, souvent omis des livres d'histoire.
|
en-fr
|
One has to do with imagination, the other with organization.
|
L'un concerne l'imagination, l'autre, l'organisation.
|
en-fr
|
Because it's in the interplay between the two where revolutionary power lies.
|
因为革命力量就在这两者之间 的相互作用中。
|
en-zh-cn
|
So let's start with imagination.
|
Ας αρχίσουμε λοιπόν με την φαντασία.
|
en-el
|
The victories of the New Deal didn't happen just because suddenly everybody understood the brutalities of laissez-faire.
|
Die Erfolge des "New Deals" erfolgten nicht, weil plötzlich jeder die Brutalität von Laissez-faire verstand.
|
en-de
|
This was a time, let's remember, of tremendous ideological ferment, when many different ideas about how to organize societies did battle with one another in the public square.
|
Recordemos, esa fue una época de tremenda agitación ideológica, en la que muchas ideas diferentes sobre cómo organizar la sociedad luchaban unas con otras en la esfera pública.
|
en-es
|
A time when humanity dared to dream big about different kinds of futures, many of them organized along radically egalitarian lines.
|
وقت تجرأت البشرية على الحلم بأشكال متعددة للمستقبل، بُني العديد منها على مبادئ المساواة جوهريًا.
|
en-ar
|
Now, not all of these ideas were good but this was an era of explosive imagining.
|
Ces idées n'étaient pas toutes bonnes, mais c'était une époque d'imagination explosive.
|
en-fr
|
This meant that the movements demanding change knew what they were against -- crushing poverty, widening inequality -- but just as important, they knew what they were for.
|
這意味著,訴求改變的那些運動 知道它們在對抗的是什麼── 壓倒性的貧窮、越來越廣的不公平── 但同樣重要的是, 它們也知道目的是為了什麼。
|
en-zh-tw
|
They had their "no" and they had their "yes," too.
|
Imali su i svoje "ne" i svoje "da".
|
en-hr
|
They also had very different models of political organization than we do today.
|
至於它們的政治組織模型 也和我們現今的非常不同。
|
en-zh-tw
|
For decades, social and labor movements had been building up their membership bases, linking their causes together and increasing their strength.
|
ولعدة عقود، كانت الحركات الاجتماعية والعمَّالية تبني قواعد عضويتها، وتربط قضاياها معًا وتزيد من قوتها.
|
en-ar
|
Which meant that by the time the Crash happened, there was already a movement that was large and broad enough to, for instance, stage strikes that didn't just shut down factories, but shut down entire cities.
|
Тобто до моменту, коли стався Крах, вже був рух, достатньо великий та поширений, наприклад, щоб організувати страйки, що зупинили не тільки заводи, але і цілі міста.
|
en-uk
|
The big policy wins of the New Deal were actually offered as compromises.
|
罗斯福新政的政治大胜利 实际上是作为妥协提出的。
|
en-zh-cn
|
Because the alternative seemed to be revolution.
|
因為替代方案似乎就是革命了。
|
en-zh-tw
|
So, let's adjust that equation from earlier.
|
Отже, давайте підправимо рівняння, про яке ми говорили.
|
en-uk
|
A shocking event plus utopian imagination plus movement muscle, that's how we get a real leap.
|
충격적인 사건과 유토피아적 상상력 거기에 사회 운동을 추진할 힘이 붙을 때 다음 단계로 실제 도약을 할 수 있습니다.
|
en-ko
|
So how does our present moment measure up?
|
자 그럼 우리의 현재 상황을 살펴볼까요?
|
en-ko
|
We are living, once again, at a time of extraordinary political engagements.
|
Nous vivons, à nouveau, une période d'engagements politiques extraordinaires.
|
en-fr
|
Politics is a mass obsession.
|
大眾對政治著迷。
|
en-zh-tw
|
Progressive movements are growing and resisting with tremendous courage.
|
Progressive Bewegungen wachsen und widersetzen sich mit enorm großem Mut.
|
en-de
|
And yet, we know from history that "no" is not enough.
|
Sin embargo, gracias a la historia sabemos que un "no" no es suficiente.
|
en-es
|
Now, there are some "yeses" out there that are emerging.
|
Existem alguns "sins" que estão surgindo por aí,
|
en-pt-br
|
And they're actually getting a lot bolder quickly.
|
Hem de hızlıca, çok daha cesur hale geliyorlar.
|
en-tr
|
Where climate activists used to talk about changing light bulbs, now we're pushing for 100 percent of our energy to come from the sun, wind and waves, and to do it fast.
|
Les activistes du changement climatique parlaient de changer les ampoules, maintenant nous insistons pour que 100% de notre énergie vienne du soleil, du vent et des vagues, et que l'on agisse vite.
|
en-fr
|
Movements catalyzed by police violence against black bodies are calling for an end to militarized police, mass incarceration and even for reparations for slavery.
|
흑인을 향한 경찰의 폭력에 반대하는 운동은 무장 경찰과 집단 투옥 심지어는 노예제의 폐지까지 이끌어냈습니다.
|
en-ko
|
Students are not just opposing tuition increases, but from Chile to Canada to the UK, they are calling for free tuition and debt cancellation.
|
學生不只是反對學費上漲, 從智利到加拿大,再到英國, 他們還訴求免學費和免除還款。
|
en-zh-tw
|
And yet, this still doesn't add up to the kind of holistic and universalist vision of a different world than our predecessors had.
|
Και όμως, αυτό δεν αθροίζεται σε αυτού του είδους το ολοκρατικό και οικουμενικό όραμα ενός διαφορετικού κόσμου από αυτόν που είχαν οι προγόνοι μας.
|
en-el
|
So why is that?
|
Pourquoi ?
|
en-fr
|
Well, very often we think about political change in defined compartments these days.
|
如今,我们经常思考在界定好的区域里 发生的政治变革。
|
en-zh-cn
|
Environment in one box, inequality in another, racial and gender justice in a couple of other boxes, education over here, health over there.
|
Навколишнє середовище в одному місці, нерівність в іншому, расові та гендерні права ще у інших місцях, навчання тут, а здоров'я там.
|
en-uk
|
And within each compartment, there are thousands upon thousands of different groups and NGOs, each competing with one another for credit, name recognition and of course, resources.
|
Y en cada compartimento, hay miles de miles de grupos de diferentes ONG compitiendo las unas con las otras por créditos, prestigio, y claro, recursos.
|
en-es
|
In other words, we act a lot like corporate brands.
|
Drugim riječima, mi djelujemo uglavnom kao korporativni brendovi.
|
en-hr
|
Now, this is often referred to as the problem of silos.
|
通常,這被稱為是穀倉問題。 (註:過度分工成獨立小團體)
|
en-zh-tw
|
Now, silos are understandable.
|
गुटबंदी स्वाभाविक है.
|
en-hi
|
They carve up our complex world into manageable chunks.
|
Oni dijele naš složeni svijet na lako obradive blokove.
|
en-hr
|
They help us feel less overwhelmed.
|
वे हमें अस्त-व्यस्त होने से बचाते हैं.
|
en-hi
|
But in the process, they also train our brains to tune out when somebody else's issue comes up and when somebody else's issue needs our help and support.
|
Αλλά στη διαδικασία, εκπαιδεύουν επίσης τους εγκεφάλους μας να αποσυντονίζονται όποτε αναδύεται κάποιου άλλου το πρόβλημα, και όποτε το πρόβλημα κάποιου άλλου χρειάζεται τη βοήθεια και τη στήριξή μας.
|
en-el
|
And they also keep us from seeing glaring connections between our issues.
|
و نیز، اجازه دیدن ارتباطات چشمگیر بین مشکلاتمان را به ما نمیدهد.
|
en-fa
|
So for instance, the people fighting poverty and inequality rarely talk about climate change.
|
例如,和贫困与不平等对抗的人 很少谈及气候变化。
|
en-zh-cn
|
Even though we see time and again that it's the poorest of people who are the most vulnerable to extreme weather.
|
Παρόλο που βλέπουμε ξανά και ξανά ότι οι φτωχότεροι άνθρωποι είναι οι πιο ευάλωτοι στα ακραία καιρικά φαινόμενα.
|
en-el
|
The climate change people rarely talk about war and occupation.
|
Die Klimawandelleute reden nur selten über Krieg und Besatzungen.
|
en-de
|
Even though we know that the thirst for fossil fuels has been a major driver of conflict.
|
embora saibamos que a sede por combustíveis fósseis tem sido a maior impulsionadora de conflito.
|
en-pt-br
|
The environmental movement has gotten better at pointing out that the nations that are getting hit hardest by climate change are populated overwhelmingly by black and brown people.
|
환경운동주의자들은 기후 변화로 인한 피해가 점점 커지고 있음을 지적하는 데 더 능숙해졌습니다. 그리고 그 피해국들은 대부분 검거나 어두운 피부색을 가진 사람들이 사는 나라죠.
|
en-ko
|
But when black lives are treated as disposable in prisons, in schools and on the streets, these connections are too rarely made.
|
اما زمانی که با زندگی سیاهپوستها در زندانها، در مدارس و در خیابانها مثل جنس دور ریختنی رفتار میشود این ارتباطات به ندرت شکل میگیرد.
|
en-fa
|
The walls between our silos also means that our solutions, when they emerge, are also disconnected from each other.
|
Os muros entre nossos silos também significam que nossas soluções, quando elas emergem, são também desconectadas umas das outras.
|
en-pt-br
|
So progressives now have this long list of demands that I was mentioning earlier, those "yeses."
|
进步人士现在有一个 包含我之前提到的要求的长清单, 就是那些 “是”。
|
en-zh-cn
|
But what we're still missing is that coherent picture of the world we're fighting for.
|
Αλλά ακόμη μας λείπει μια κοινώς αποδεκτή εικόνα του κόσμου για τον οποίο παλεύουμε.
|
en-el
|
What it looks like, what it feels like, and most of all, what its core values are.
|
Як він виглядає, як він відчувається, і найважливіше, які його основні цінності.
|
en-uk
|
And that really matters.
|
І саме це є важливим.
|
en-uk
|
Because when large-scale crises hit us and we are confronted with the need to leap somewhere safer, there isn't any agreement on what that place is.
|
Çünkü büyük ölçekli bir kriz bizi vurduğunda ve daha güvenli bir yere sıçrama ihtiyacıyla karşılaştığımızda, o yerin ne olduğuna dair hiçbir uzlaşmışlığımız yok.
|
en-tr
|
And leaping without a destination looks a lot like jumping up and down.
|
और मंजिल की जानकारी के बिना कूदना, एक स्थान पर ऊपर-नीचे कूदने जैसा है.
|
en-hi
|
(Laughter) Fortunately, there are all kinds of conversations and experiments going on to try to overcome these divisions that are holding us back.
|
(Γέλια) Ευτυχώς γίνονται πολλές συζητήσεις και πειράματα για να ξεπεράσουμε αυτούς τους διχασμούς που μας κρατούν πίσω.
|
en-el
|
And I want to finish by talking about one of them.
|
Και θέλω να τελειώσω αναφέροντας έναν από αυτούς.
|
en-el
|
A couple of years ago, a group of us in Canada decided that we were hitting the limits of what we could accomplish in our various silos.
|
幾年前,在加拿大,我們有一群人 認定我們在各式各樣的穀倉中, 成就都已經達到了能達到的極限。
|
en-zh-tw
|
So we locked ourselves in a room for two days, and we tried to figure out what bound us together.
|
Тому ми закрились в кімнаті на два дні, і намагались зрозуміти, що нас об'єднує.
|
en-uk
|
In that room were people who rarely get face to face.
|
在那个房间里是一些 平时很少能面对面的人们,
|
en-zh-cn
|
There were indigenous elders with hipsters working on transit.
|
Había indígenas mayores con hipsters que trabajan en tránsito.
|
en-es
|
There was the head of Greenpeace with a union leader representing oil workers and loggers.
|
Greenpeace'in yöneticisiyle petrol çalışanlarını ve oduncuları temsil eden sendika lideri.
|
en-tr
|
There were faith leaders and feminist icons and many more.
|
Es gab Glaubensführer und feministische Ikonen und viele mehr.
|
en-de
|
And we gave ourselves a pretty ambitious assignment: agreeing on a short statement describing the world after we win.
|
我們給自己訂了一個 很有野心的任務: 取得一致的意見,用一段簡短陳述 來描述我們獲勝之後的世界。
|
en-zh-tw
|
The world after we've already made the transition to a clean economy and a much fairer society.
|
العالم بعد انتقالنا إلى اقتصاد نظيف ومجتمع أكثر عدلًا.
|
en-ar
|
In other words, instead of trying to scare people about what will happen if we don't act, we decided to try to inspire them with what could happen if we did act.
|
Bir diğer deyişle, harekete geçmezsek ne olacağıyla insanları korkutmak yerine, harekete geçersek ne olabileceğiyle onlara ilham vermeye karar verdik.
|
en-tr
|
Sensible people are always telling us that change needs to come in small increments.
|
Gescheite Leute sagen uns immer, dass Wandel in kleinen Schritten kommen muss.
|
en-de
|
That politics is the art of the possible and that we can't let the perfect be the enemy of the good.
|
سیاست هنر امکان است و ما نمیتوانیم اجازه دهیم کمال، دشمن خوب بودن شود.
|
en-fa
|
Well, we rejected all of that.
|
Τα απορρίψαμε όλα αυτά.
|
en-el
|
We wrote a manifesto, and we called it "The Leap."
|
Napisali smo manifest i nazvali ga "Skok".
|
en-hr
|
I have to tell you that agreeing on our common "yes" across such diversity of experiences and against a backdrop of a lot of painful history was not easy work.
|
मैं कहना चाहूंगी कि ह मारे साझा "हाँ" पर एकमत होना, इतने विभिन्न प्रकार के लोगों के साथ, और दर्दनाक इतिहास को मद्देनजर रखते हुए, बहुत ही मुश्किल था.
|
en-hi
|
But it was also pretty thrilling.
|
اما بسیار هیجانانگیز هم بود.
|
en-fa
|
Because as soon as we gave ourselves permission to dream, those threads connecting much of our work became self-evident.
|
Car dès que nous nous sommes donné la permission de rêver, les fils qui relient la majorité de notre travail sont devenus évidents.
|
en-fr
|
We realized, for instance, that the bottomless quest for profits that is forcing so many people to work more than 50 hours a week, without security, and that is fueling this epidemic of despair is the same quest for bottomless profits and endless growth that is at the heart of our ecological crisis and is destabilizing our planet.
|
Mesela şunu fark ettik, birçok insanı, güvenceleri olmadan haftada 50 saatten fazla çalışmak zorunda bırakan ve çaresizlik salgınını körükleyen sonu olmayan kâr arayışı, ekolojik krizin temelinde yatan ve gezegenimizi istikrarsızlaştıran sonu olmayan kar ve bitmek bilmeyen büyüme arayışının aynısı.
|
en-tr
|
It also became clear what we need to do.
|
Також стало зрозуміло, що ми повинні робити.
|
en-uk
|
We need to create a culture of care-taking.
|
ما باید یک فرهنگ مراقبتی ایجاد کنیم.
|
en-fa
|
In which no one and nowhere is thrown away.
|
na qual ninguém em nenhum lugar é desconsiderado;
|
en-pt-br
|
In which the inherent value of all people and every ecosystem is foundational.
|
Tüm insanların ve her eko-sistemin doğal değerinin temel alındığı bir kültür.
|
en-tr
|
So we came up with this people's platform, and don't worry, I'm not going to read the whole thing to you out loud -- if you're interested, you can read it at theleap.org.
|
Então, criamos a plataforma desse povo; não se preocupem, não vou ler tudo para vocês. Se ficarem interessados, podem lê-lo no theleap.org.
|
en-pt-br
|
But I will give you a taste of what we came up with.
|
但我會讓各位淺嚐一下, 了解我們提出的是什麼。
|
en-zh-tw
|
So we call for that 100 percent renewable economy in a hurry, but we went further.
|
हम चाहते हैं कि जल्द ही 100% अक्षय उर्जा का ही उपयोग हो. पर हम दो कदम और आगे गए,
|
en-hi
|
Calls for new kinds of trade deals, a robust debate on a guaranteed annual income, full rights for immigrant workers, getting corporate money out of politics, free universal day care, electoral reform and more.
|
تقاضا برای نوع جدیدی از معاملات تجاری بحث جدی در مورد درآمد سالانه تضمین شده، حقوق کامل کارگران مهاجر، پرداخت پول شرکت از سیاست، مراقبت روزانه جهانی رایگان، اصلاحات انتخاباتی و غیره.
|
en-fa
|
What we discovered is that a great many of us are looking for permission to act less like brands and more like movements.
|
Descubrimos que la gran mayoría de nosotros estamos buscando permiso para actuar menos como marcas y más como movimientos.
|
en-es
|
Because movements don't care about credit.
|
Porque a los movimientos no les importa el crédito.
|
en-es
|
They want good ideas to spread far and wide.
|
他们想要的是好的想法 被广泛传播。
|
en-zh-cn
|
What I love about The Leap is that it rejects the idea that there is this hierarchy of crisis, and it doesn't ask anyone to prioritize one struggle over another or wait their turn.
|
关于 “飞跃”,我喜欢的是, 它不赞同危机分等级的想法, 也不要求任何人把一场斗争 优先放在另一个之前 或者等着轮到他们。
|
en-zh-cn
|
And though it was birthed in Canada, we've discovered that it travels well.
|
وعلى الرغم من أنها بدأت في كندا، إلا أننا اكتشفنا قدرتها على الانتشار.
|
en-ar
|
Since we launched, The Leap has been picked up around the world with similar platforms, being written from Nunavut to Australia, to Norway to the UK and the US, where it's gaining a lot of traction in cities like Los Angeles, where it's being localized.
|
Відколи ми запустили його, Стрибок підтримали у всьому світі схожими платформами, про нього пишуть від Нунавуту до Австралії, Норвегії, Британії та США, де його впроваджують міста, такі як Лос Анджелес, де він був локалізований.
|
en-uk
|
And also in rural communities that are traditionally very conservative, but where politics is failing the vast majority of people.
|
还有传统保守的乡村, 那里的大部分人 对政治现状非常不满。
|
en-zh-cn
|
Here's what I've learned from studying shocks and disasters for two decades.
|
Was ich durch die 20 Jahre lange Analyse von Schocks und Katastrophen lernte:
|
en-de
|
Crises test us.
|
Krize nas testiraju.
|
en-hr
|
We either fall apart or we grow up fast.
|
Entweder zerbrechen wir oder wir wachsen sehr schnell.
|
en-de
|
Finding new reserves of strength and capacity that we never knew we had.
|
Wir entdecken neue Stärkereserven und Fähigkeiten, von denen wir nichts wussten.
|
en-de
|
The shocking events that fill us with dread today can transform us, and they can transform the world for the better.
|
Los eventos estremecedores que nos llenan de temor hoy en día pueden transformarnos, y pueden transformar el mundo para bien.
|
en-es
|
But first we need to picture the world that we're fighting for.
|
但首先,我們得要先想像出 我們努力想打造的世界。
|
en-zh-tw
|
And we have to dream it up together.
|
Nous devons le rêver ensemble.
|
en-fr
|
Right now, every alarm in our house is going off simultaneously.
|
Прямо зараз всі сигнали тривоги в нашому домі спрацювали одночасно.
|
en-uk
|
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