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module grayCell ( input wire Gin_i2k, input wire Pin_i2k, input wire Gin_kd2j, output wire Gout_i2j ); //assign Gout_i2j = Gin_i2k + (Pin_i2k*Gin_kd2j); sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21o_1 uA21O ( .A1(Pin_i2k), .A2(Gin_kd2j), .B1(Gin_i2k), .X (Gout_i2j) ); endmodule
7.052139
module carryRipple_pgk #( parameter N = 16 ) ( input wire Cin, input wire [N-1:0] A, input wire [N-1:0] B, output wire [N-1:0] Sout, output wire Cout ); wire [ N:0] G_n2z; // Group Generate i:j or n:0 wire [N-1:0] P_n; wire [N-1:0] G_n; assign Cout = G_n2z[N]; // Ci = Gi:0 assign G_n2z[0] = Cin; // G0:0=Cin genvar i; generate for (i = 0; i < N; i = i + 1) begin : ripple //assign Sout[i] = (P_n[i]) ^ ( (i==0) ? Cin : G_n2z[i-1] ); // Si=Pi^Gi-1:0 sky130_fd_sc_hd__xor2_1 uS_n ( .A(P_n[i]), .B(G_n2z[i]), .X(Sout[i]) ); sky130_fd_sc_hd__and2_0 uG_n ( .A(A[i]), .B(B[i]), .X(G_n[i]) ); sky130_fd_sc_hd__xor2_1 uP_n ( .A(A[i]), .B(B[i]), .X(P_n[i]) ); grayCell g0 ( .Gin_i2k(G_n[i]), // Gi:i .Pin_i2k(P_n[i]), // Pi:i .Gin_kd2j(G_n2z[i]), .Gout_i2j(G_n2z[i+1]) ); end endgenerate endmodule
7.978322
module fa ( in1, in2, cin, sum, cout ); input in1, in2, cin; output sum, cout; assign sum = in1 ^ in2 ^ cin; assign cout = (in1 & in2) | (in2 & cin) | (in1 & cin); endmodule
7.005295
module CSaveA #( parameter N = 32 ) ( input [N-1:0] in1, input [N-1:0] in2, output [N-1:0] sum, output cout, output of ); wire [N-1:0] s, c1, c2; genvar i; generate for (i = 0; i < N; i = i + 1) begin fa Full_Adder ( .in1 (in1[i]), .in2 (in2[i]), .cin (1'b0), .sum (s[i]), .cout(c1[i]) ); end endgenerate generate fa FA1 ( .in1 (s[1]), .in2 (c1[0]), .cin (1'b0), .sum (sum[1]), .cout(c2[1]) ); for (i = 1; i < N - 1; i = i + 1) begin fa Full_Adder ( .in1 (s[i+1]), .in2 (c1[i]), .cin (c2[i]), .sum (sum[i+1]), .cout(c2[i+1]) ); end fa FA2 ( .in1 (1'b0), .in2 (c1[N-1]), .cin (c2[N-1]), .sum (cout), .cout(c2[0]) ); endgenerate assign sum[0] = s[0]; assign of = (in1[N-1] == in2[N-1]) && (sum[N-1] != in1[N-1]); endmodule
7.394388
module fulladder ( a, b, cin, sum, carry ); input a; input b; input cin; output sum; output carry; assign sum = a ^ b ^ cin; assign carry = (a & b) | (cin & b) | (a & cin); endmodule
7.454465
module multiplexer2 ( i0, i1, sel, bitout ); input i0; input i1; input sel; output reg bitout; always @(i0, i1, sel) begin if (sel == 0) bitout = i0; else bitout = i1; end endmodule
7.52838
module adder1 ( s, co, a, b, ci ); output s, co; input a, b, ci; wire o0, o1, o2; xor (s, a, b, ci); or (o0, a, b); or (o1, b, ci); or (o2, ci, a); and (co, o0, o1, o2); endmodule
7.322982
module mux2 ( out, sel, a, b ); input a, b, sel; output out; tri out; bufif1 (out, a, sel); bufif0 (out, b, sel); endmodule
6.762042
module carryselect32 ( s, co, a, b, ci, c_0, c_1 ); output [31:0] s; output co; input [31:0] a, b; input ci, c_0, c_1; wire [23:0] s_0, s_1; wire c16_0, c16_1, c24_0, c24_1, c32_0, c32_1; wire c8, c16, c24; wire w16, w24, w32; carryripple8 cr0 ( s[7:0], c8, a[7:0], b[7:0], ci ); carryripple8 cr1_0 ( s_0[7:0], c16_0, a[15:8], b[15:8], c_0 ); carryripple8 cr1_1 ( s_1[7:0], c16_1, a[15:8], b[15:8], c_1 ); mux2 m1_8 ( s[8], c8, s_1[0], s_0[0] ); mux2 m1_9 ( s[9], c8, s_1[1], s_0[1] ); mux2 m1_10 ( s[10], c8, s_1[2], s_0[2] ); mux2 m1_11 ( s[11], c8, s_1[3], s_0[3] ); mux2 m1_12 ( s[12], c8, s_1[4], s_0[4] ); mux2 m1_13 ( s[13], c8, s_1[5], s_0[5] ); mux2 m1_14 ( s[14], c8, s_1[6], s_0[6] ); mux2 m1_15 ( s[15], c8, s_1[7], s_0[7] ); and an1 (w16, c16_1, c8); or or1 (c16, w16, c16_0); carryripple8 cr2_0 ( s_0[15:8], c24_0, a[23:16], b[23:16], c_0 ); carryripple8 cr2_1 ( s_1[15:8], c24_1, a[23:16], b[23:16], c_1 ); mux2 m1_16 ( s[16], c16, s_1[8], s_0[8] ); mux2 m1_17 ( s[17], c16, s_1[9], s_0[9] ); mux2 m1_18 ( s[18], c16, s_1[10], s_0[10] ); mux2 m1_19 ( s[19], c16, s_1[11], s_0[11] ); mux2 m1_20 ( s[20], c16, s_1[12], s_0[12] ); mux2 m1_21 ( s[21], c16, s_1[13], s_0[13] ); mux2 m1_22 ( s[22], c16, s_1[14], s_0[14] ); mux2 m1_23 ( s[23], c16, s_1[15], s_0[15] ); and an2 (w24, c24_1, c16); or or2 (c24, w24, c24_0); carryripple8 cr3_0 ( s_0[23:16], c32_0, a[31:24], b[31:24], c_0 ); carryripple8 cr3_1 ( s_1[23:16], c32_1, a[31:24], b[31:24], c_1 ); mux2 m1_24 ( s[24], c24, s_1[16], s_0[16] ); mux2 m1_25 ( s[25], c24, s_1[17], s_0[17] ); mux2 m1_26 ( s[26], c24, s_1[18], s_0[18] ); mux2 m1_27 ( s[27], c24, s_1[19], s_0[19] ); mux2 m1_28 ( s[28], c24, s_1[20], s_0[20] ); mux2 m1_29 ( s[29], c24, s_1[21], s_0[21] ); mux2 m1_30 ( s[30], c24, s_1[22], s_0[22] ); mux2 m1_31 ( s[31], c24, s_1[23], s_0[23] ); and an3 (w32, c32_1, c24); or or3 (co, w32, c32_0); endmodule
7.711901
module adder1 ( s, co, a, b, ci ); output s, co; input a, b, ci; wire o0, o1, o2; xor (s, a, b, ci); or (o0, a, b); or (o1, b, ci); or (o2, ci, a); and (co, o0, o1, o2); endmodule
7.322982
module adder2 ( s, co, a, b, ci ); output [1:0] s; output co; input [1:0] a, b; input ci; wire w1; adder1 a0 ( s[0], w1, a[0], b[0], ci ); adder1 a1 ( s[1], co, a[1], b[1], w1 ); endmodule
6.544532
module mux2 ( out, sel, a, b ); input a, b, sel; output out; tri out; bufif1 (out, a, sel); bufif0 (out, b, sel); endmodule
6.762042
module carryselect4 ( s, co, a, b, ci, c_0, c_1 ); //reg c_0=0; //reg c_1=1; output [3:0] s; output co; input [3:0] a, b; input ci, c_0, c_1; wire c2, w1, w2, w3; wire [1:0] s_0, s_1; adder2 a0 ( s[1:0], c2, a[1:0], b[1:0], ci ); adder2 a1_0 ( s_0, w1, a[3:2], b[3:2], c_0 ); adder2 a1_1 ( s_1, w2, a[3:2], b[3:2], c_1 ); mux2 m0 ( s[2], c2, s_1[0], s_0[0] ); mux2 m1 ( s[3], c2, s_1[1], s_0[1] ); and (w3, w2, c2); or (co, w1, w3); endmodule
6.708395
module carryselect8 ( s, co, a, b, ci, c_0, c_1 ); output [7:0] s; output co; input [7:0] a, b; input ci, c_0, c_1; wire c4; carryselect4 cs0 ( s[3:0], c4, a[3:0], b[3:0], ci, c_0, c_1 ); carryselect4 cs1 ( s[7:4], co, a[7:4], b[7:4], c4, c_0, c_1 ); endmodule
6.833485
module carry_select_adder ( input [3:0] A, B, input cin, output [3:0] S, output cout ); wire [3:0] temp0, temp1, carry0, carry1; //for carry 0 fulladder fa00 ( A[0], B[0], 1'b0, temp0[0], carry0[0] ); fulladder fa01 ( A[1], B[1], carry0[0], temp0[1], carry0[1] ); fulladder fa02 ( A[2], B[2], carry0[1], temp0[2], carry0[2] ); fulladder fa03 ( A[3], B[3], carry0[2], temp0[3], carry0[3] ); //for carry 1 fulladder fa10 ( A[0], B[0], 1'b1, temp1[0], carry1[0] ); fulladder fa11 ( A[1], B[1], carry1[0], temp1[1], carry1[1] ); fulladder fa12 ( A[2], B[2], carry1[1], temp1[2], carry1[2] ); fulladder fa13 ( A[3], B[3], carry1[2], temp1[3], carry1[3] ); //mux for carry multiplexer2 mux_carry ( carry0[3], carry1[3], cin, cout ); //mux's for sum multiplexer2 mux_sum0 ( temp0[0], temp1[0], cin, S[0] ); multiplexer2 mux_sum1 ( temp0[1], temp1[1], cin, S[1] ); multiplexer2 mux_sum2 ( temp0[2], temp1[2], cin, S[2] ); multiplexer2 mux_sum3 ( temp0[3], temp1[3], cin, S[3] ); endmodule
7.112285
module fulladder ( input a, b, cin, output sum, carry ); assign sum = a ^ b ^ cin; assign carry = (a & b) | (cin & b) | (a & cin); endmodule
7.454465
module multiplexer2 ( input i0, i1, sel, output reg bitout ); always @(i0, i1, sel) begin if (sel == 0) bitout = i0; else bitout = i1; end endmodule
7.52838
module carryselect_tb; reg cin; reg [31:0] a; reg [31:0] b; wire [31:0] sum; wire cout; carryselect_32_bit uut ( .a(a), .b(b), .sum(sum), .cin(cin), .cout(cout) ); initial begin $display($time, " << Starting the Simulation >>"); a = 0; b = 0; cin = 0; #100 a = 32'b00000000000111110000000000011111; b = 32'b0000000000011000000000000011111; cin = 1'b0; #100 a = 32'b00000000000111110000000000011111; b = 32'b0000000000000000001111100001100; cin = 1'b0; #100 a = 32'b11000110000111110000000000011111; b = 32'b0000000000000000011111110001100; cin = 1'b1; #100 a = 32'b11111111110000000000011111111111; b = 32'b0000000000000000111110000000000; cin = 1'b1; end endmodule
6.580473
module blackCell ( input wire Gin_i2k, input wire Pin_i2k, input wire Gin_kd2j, input wire Pin_kd2j, output wire Gout_i2j, output wire Pout_i2j ); assign Gout_i2j = Gin_i2k + (Pin_i2k * Gin_kd2j); assign Pout_i2j = Pin_i2k * Pin_kd2j; endmodule
7.798428
module grayCell ( input wire Gin_i2k, input wire Pin_i2k, input wire Gin_kd2j, output wire Gout_i2j ); //assign Gout_i2j = Gin_i2k + (Pin_i2k*Gin_kd2j); sky130_fd_sc_hd__a21o_1 uA21O ( .A1(Pin_i2k), .A2(Gin_kd2j), .B1(Gin_i2k), .X (Gout_i2j) ); endmodule
7.052139
module pg_box #( parameter N = 4 ) ( input wire Cin, input wire [N-1:0] A, input wire [N-1:0] B, output wire [N-1:0] G_n2j, output wire [N-1:0] P_n, output wire [N-1:0] G_n, output wire P_i2j ); assign G_n2j[0] = Cin; // G0:0=Cin sky130_fd_sc_hd__and4_1 u_AND4 ( .A(P_n[0]), .B(P_n[1]), .C(P_n[2]), .D(P_n[3]), .X(P_i2j) ); genvar i; generate for (i = 0; i < N; i = i + 1) begin : pg sky130_fd_sc_hd__and2_0 uG_n ( .A(A[i]), .B(B[i]), .X(G_n[i]) ); sky130_fd_sc_hd__xor2_1 uP_n ( .A(A[i]), .B(B[i]), .X(P_n[i]) ); if (i != N - 1) begin : gray grayCell g0 ( .Gin_i2k(G_n[i]), // Gi:i .Pin_i2k(P_n[i]), // Pi:i .Gin_kd2j(G_n2j[i]), .Gout_i2j(G_n2j[i+1]) ); end end endgenerate endmodule
7.169335
module csa_unit #( parameter N = 4 ) ( input wire Cin, input wire [N-1:0] A, input wire [N-1:0] B, output wire [N-1:0] Sout, output wire Cout ); wire P_i2j; // add to control carry mux wire G_3to0; wire [N-1:0] G_n2j; wire [N-1:0] P_n; wire [N-1:0] G_n; //Carry skip magic sky130_fd_sc_hd__mux2_1 u_MUX ( .A0(G_3to0), .A1(Cin), .S (P_i2j), .X (Cout) ); // Compute Group P and G pg_box #( .N(4) ) uPG ( .Cin(Cin), .A(A), .B(B), .P_n(P_n), .G_n(G_n), .G_n2j(G_n2j), .P_i2j(P_i2j) ); // Compute Cout grayCell g0 ( .Gin_i2k (G_n[N-1]), // Gi:i .Pin_i2k (P_n[N-1]), // Pi:i .Gin_kd2j(G_n2j[N-1]), .Gout_i2j(G_3to0) ); // Compute Sum genvar i; generate for (i = 0; i < N; i = i + 1) begin : sum sky130_fd_sc_hd__xor2_1 uS_n ( .A(P_n[i]), .B(G_n2j[i]), .X(Sout[i]) ); end endgenerate endmodule
7.529942
module carrySkip #( parameter N = 16 ) ( input wire Cin, input wire [N-1:0] A, input wire [N-1:0] B, output wire [N-1:0] Sout, output wire Cout ); wire [N/4+1:0] carries; assign carries[0] = Cin; assign Cout = carries[N/4]; // Compute Sum genvar i; generate for (i = 1; i <= N / 4; i = i + 1) begin : csa csa_unit #( .N(4) ) u_CSA ( .Cin(carries[i-1]), .A(A[4*i-1:4*i-4]), .B(B[4*i-1:4*i-4]), .Cout(carries[i]), .Sout(Sout[4*i-1:4*i-4]) ); end endgenerate endmodule
7.621676
module adder1 ( s, co, a, b, ci ); output s, co; input a, b, ci; wire o0, o1, o2; xor (s, a, b, ci); or (o0, a, b); or (o1, b, ci); or (o2, ci, a); and (co, o0, o1, o2); endmodule
7.322982
module mux2 ( out, sel, a, b ); input a, b, sel; output out; tri out; bufif1 (out, a, sel); bufif0 (out, b, sel); endmodule
6.762042
module carryskip4 ( s, co, a, b, ci ); wire [3:0] p; output [3:0] s; output co; input [3:0] a; input [3:0] b; input ci; wire p3_0, w1, w2, w3, w4; xor (p[0], a[0], b[0]); xor (p[1], a[1], b[1]); xor (p[2], a[2], b[2]); xor (p[3], a[3], b[3]); and (p3_0, p); adder1 a0 ( s[0], w1, a[0], b[0], ci ); adder1 a1 ( s[1], w2, a[1], b[1], w1 ); adder1 a2 ( s[2], w3, a[2], b[2], w2 ); adder1 a3 ( s[3], w4, a[3], b[3], w3 ); mux2 m0 ( co, p3_0, ci, w4 ); endmodule
6.994693
module carry_skip_4bit ( a, b, cin, sum, cout ); input [3:0] a, b; input cin; output [3:0] sum; output cout; wire [3:0] p; wire c0; wire bp; ripple_carry_4_bit rca1 ( .a(a[3:0]), .b(b[3:0]), .cin(cin), .sum(sum[3:0]), .cout(c0) ); generate_p p1 ( a, b, p, bp ); mux2X1 m0 ( .in0(c0), .in1(cin), .sel(bp), .out(cout) ); endmodule
7.215659
module generate_p ( a, b, p, bp ); input [3:0] a, b; output [3:0] p; output bp; assign p = a ^ b; //get all propagate bits assign bp = &p; // and p0p1p2p3 bits endmodule
6.806596
module ripple_carry_4_bit ( a, b, cin, sum, cout ); input [3:0] a, b; input cin; wire c1, c2, c3; output [3:0] sum; output cout; full_adder fa0 ( .a(a[0]), .b(b[0]), .cin(cin), .sum(sum[0]), .cout(c1) ); full_adder fa1 ( .a(a[1]), .b(b[1]), .cin(c1), .sum(sum[1]), .cout(c2) ); full_adder fa2 ( .a(a[2]), .b(b[2]), .cin(c2), .sum(sum[2]), .cout(c3) ); full_adder fa3 ( .a(a[3]), .b(b[3]), .cin(c3), .sum(sum[3]), .cout(cout) ); endmodule
7.682509
module half_adder ( a, b, sum, cout ); input a, b; output sum, cout; xor xor_1 (sum, a, b); and and_1 (cout, a, b); endmodule
6.966406
module mux2X1 ( in0, in1, sel, out ); input in0, in1; input sel; output out; assign out = (sel) ? in1 : in0; endmodule
7.13045
module carryskip_tb; reg cin; reg [31:0] a; reg [31:0] b; wire [31:0] sum; wire cout; carryskip32_bit uut1 ( .a(a), .b(b), .sum(sum), .cin(cin), .cout(cout) ); initial begin $display($time, " << Starting the Simulation >>"); a = 0; b = 0; cin = 0; #100 a = 32'b00000000000111110000000000011111; b = 32'b0000000000011000000000000011111; cin = 1'b0; #100 a = 32'b00000000000111110000000000011111; b = 32'b0000000000000000001111100001100; cin = 1'b0; #100 a = 32'b11000110000111110000000000011111; b = 32'b0000000000000000011111110001100; cin = 1'b1; #100 a = 32'b11111111110000000000011111111111; b = 32'b0000000000000000111110000000000; cin = 1'b1; end endmodule
6.631468
module carryUnit4Bits ( input wire [3:0] p, input wire [3:0] g, input wire c0, output wire [3:0] c ); wire [9:0] z; //Ecuaciones para obtener acarreo1 //c1 = G0 + P0c0 and (z[0], p[0], c0); or (c[0], g[0], z[0]); //Ecuaciones para obtener acarreo2 //c2 = G1 + P1G0 + P1P0c0 and (z[1], p[1], g[0]); and (z[2], z[0], p[1]); or (c[1], g[1], z[1], z[2]); //Ecuaciones para obtener acarreo3 //c3 = G2 + P2G1+ P2P1G0 + P2P1P0c0 and (z[3], p[2], g[1]); and (z[4], p[2], z[1]); and (z[5], p[2], z[2]); or (c[2], g[2], z[3], z[4], z[5]); //Ecuaciones para obtener acarreo4 //c4 = G3 + P3G2+ P3P2G1+P3P2P1G0+ P3 P2P1P0c0 and (z[6], p[3], g[2]); and (z[7], p[3], z[3]); and (z[8], p[3], z[4]); and (z[9], p[3], z[5]); or (c[3], g[3], z[6], z[7], z[8], z[9]); endmodule
7.549292
module carry_adder ( output [3:0] sum, output cout, input [3:0] a, input [3:0] b, input cin ); wire in [3:0]; wire out[3:0]; fulladd u0 ( out[0], sum[0], a[0], b[0], in[0] ), u1 ( out[1], sum[1], a[1], b[1], in[1] ), u2 ( out[2], sum[2], a[2], b[2], in[2] ), u3 ( out[3], sum[3], a[3], b[3], in[3] ); assign in[0] = cin, in[1] = out[0], in[2] = out[1], in[3] = out[2], cout = out[3]; endmodule
6.756826
module carry_and #( parameter C_FAMILY = "virtex6" // FPGA Family. Current version: virtex6 or spartan6. ) ( input wire CIN, input wire S, output wire COUT ); ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Variables for generating parameter controlled instances. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Local params ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Functions ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Internal signals ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Instantiate or use RTL code ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// generate if (C_FAMILY == "rtl") begin : USE_RTL assign COUT = CIN & S; end else begin : USE_FPGA MUXCY and_inst ( .O (COUT), .CI(CIN), .DI(1'b0), .S (S) ); end endgenerate endmodule
8.317172
module carry_and_speed_test ( dat_i, out, clk ); parameter WIDTH = 16; parameter METHOD = 4; input clk; input [WIDTH-1:0] dat_i; output out; reg [WIDTH-1:0] dat_r; reg out; wire out_c; carry_and ca ( .dat(dat_r), .out(out_c) ); defparam ca.WIDTH = WIDTH; defparam ca.METHOD = METHOD; always @(posedge clk) begin dat_r <= dat_i; out <= out_c; end endmodule
7.020318
module pg ( a, b, p, g ); input [3:0] a, b; output [3:0] p, g; assign p[0] = a[0] ^ b[0]; assign p[1] = a[1] ^ b[1]; assign p[2] = a[2] ^ b[2]; assign p[3] = a[3] ^ b[3]; assign g[0] = a[0] & b[0]; assign g[1] = a[1] & b[1]; assign g[2] = a[2] & b[2]; assign g[3] = a[3] & b[3]; endmodule
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module mux ( p, c, c1, cout ); input [3:0] p; input c, c1; output cout; assign cout = (p == 4'b1111) ? c : c1; endmodule
6.825249
module CPA #( parameter N = 32 ) ( a, b, sum, cout, overflow ); input [N-1:0] a, b; output cout, overflow; output [N-1:0] sum; wire [N/8-1:0] of; wire [N/8-1:0] couts; wire [N/8-2:0] temp; RCA1 rc0 ( a[7:0], b[7:0], 1'b0, couts[0], sum[7:0], of[0] ); RCA1 rc[N/8-1:1] ( a[N-1:8], b[N-1:8], temp[N/8-2:0], couts[N/8-1:1], sum[N-1:8], of[N/8-1:1] ); byPassLogic byPass0 ( a[7:0], b[7:0], 1'b0, couts[0], temp[0] ); byPassLogic byPass[N/8-2:1] ( a[N-9:8], b[N-9:8], temp[N/8-3:0], couts[N/8-2:1], temp[N/8-2:1] ); byPassLogic byPassFinal ( a[N-1:N-8], b[N-1:N-8], temp[N/8-2], couts[N/8-1], cout ); assign overflow = of[N/8-1]; endmodule
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module RCA1 #( parameter N = 8 ) ( in1, in2, cin, cout, sum, overflow ); input cin; input [N-1:0] in1, in2; output cout, overflow; output [N-1:0] sum; wire [N:0] C; assign C[0] = cin; assign cout = C[N]; genvar i; generate for (i = 0; i < N; i = i + 1) begin fa fa ( .cin (C[i]), .in1 (in1[i]), .in2 (in2[i]), .sum (sum[i]), .cout(C[i+1]) ); end endgenerate assign overflow = C[N-1] ^ C[N]; endmodule
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module fa ( in1, in2, cin, sum, cout ); input in1, in2, cin; output sum, cout; assign sum = in1 ^ in2 ^ cin; assign cout = (in1 & in2) | (in2 & cin) | (in1 & cin); endmodule
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module byPassLogic #( parameter N = 8 ) ( a, b, cin, cout, out ); input [N-1:0] a, b; input cin, cout; output out; wire [N-1:0] p; wire finalP; genvar i; for (i = 0; i < N; i = i + 1) begin assign p[i] = a[i] ^ b[i]; end assign finalP = &p; mux21 byPassMux ( cout, cin, finalP, out ); endmodule
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module mux21 ( in1, in2, selector, out ); input in1, in2, selector; output out; assign out = selector ? in2 : in1; endmodule
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module carry_bypass_adder_base ( input [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] a , input [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] b , input cin , output reg [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] sum , output reg cout ); reg [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] propagate; reg [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] gen; reg [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] cout_p; integer i; always @(*) begin for (i = 0; i <= `BLOCK_LEN - 1; i = i + 1) begin propagate[i] = a[i] | b[i]; gen[i] = a[i] & b[i]; end // for cout_p[0] = (propagate[0] & cin) | gen[0]; for (i = 1; i <= `BLOCK_LEN - 1; i = i + 1) begin cout_p[i] = (propagate[i] & cout_p[i-1]) | gen[i]; end // for end always @(*) begin cout = ((~gen & propagate) == (2 ** (`BLOCK_LEN) - 1)) ? cin : cout_p[`BLOCK_LEN-1]; end // always always @(*) begin sum[0]=(a[0]&b[0]&cin)|(a[0]&~b[0]&~cin)|(~a[0]&b[0]&~cin)|(~a[0]&~b[0]&cin); for (i = 1; i <= `BLOCK_LEN - 1; i = i + 1) begin sum[i]=(a[i]&b[i]&cout_p[i-1])|(a[i]&~b[i]&~cout_p[i-1])|(~a[i]&b[i]&~cout_p[i-1])|(~a[i]&~b[i]&cout_p[i-1]); end // for end // always endmodule
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module carry_bypass_adder_base_tb; `include "carry_bypass_adder_defines.v" reg [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] a; reg [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] b; reg c; wire [`BLOCK_LEN-1:0] sum; wire cout; reg clk; carry_bypass_adder_base adder_base1 ( a, b, c, sum, cout ); initial begin #0 clk = 0; a = 0; b = 0; c = 0; forever begin #10 clk = ~clk; end // forever end // initial always @(posedge clk) begin if (a == 2 ** (`BLOCK_LEN) - 1) begin a = 0; if (b == 2 ** (`BLOCK_LEN) - 1) begin b = 0; if (c == 1) begin $stop; end c = ~c; end else begin b = b + 1; end end else begin a = a + 1; end end always @(posedge clk) begin $display("a=%d,b=%d,cin=%d,sum=%d,cout=%d", a, b, c, sum, cout); end endmodule
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module carry_bypass_adder_base_tb; `include "carry_bypass_adder_defines.v" reg [`INPUT_LEN-1:0] a; reg [`INPUT_LEN-1:0] b; reg c; wire [`INPUT_LEN-1:0] sum; wire cout; reg clk; carry_bypass_adder adder ( a, b, c, sum, cout ); initial begin #0 clk = 0; a = 0; b = 0; c = 0; forever begin #10 clk = ~clk; end // forever end // initial integer i; always @(posedge clk) begin a = $ramdom % 2 ** (`INPUT_LEN); b = $ramdom % 2 ** (`INPUT_LEN); c = $random % 2; i = i + 1; if (i == 20) begin $stop; end end always @(posedge clk) begin $display("a=%d,b=%d,cin=%d,sum=%d,cout=%d", a, b, c, sum, cout); end endmodule
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module carry_increment_adder #( parameter N = 32 ) ( in1, in2, sum, cout, of //overflow flag ); input [N-1:0] in1, in2; output [N-1:0] sum; output cout, of; wire [7:0] adders_cout; // cout of the first ripple carry adder ripple_carry_adder_4_bit rca ( .in1 (in1[3:0]), .in2 (in2[3:0]), .cin (1'b0), .cout(adders_cout[0]), .sum (sum[3:0]) ); genvar i; // 8 blocks generate for (i = 1; i < 8; i = i + 1) begin cia_block cia ( .in1 (in1[((i*4)+3) : (i*4)]), .in2 (in2[((i*4)+3) : (i*4)]), .cin (adders_cout[i-1]), .cout(adders_cout[i]), .sum (sum[((i*4)+3):(i*4)]) ); end endgenerate assign cout = adders_cout[7]; assign of = (in1[N-1] == in2[N-1]) && (sum[N-1] != in1[N-1]); endmodule
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module Carry_inc_adder #( parameter WIDTH = 16, VALENCY = 2, GROUP = 4 ) ( input [WIDTH:1] A, input [WIDTH:1] B, input Cin, output [WIDTH:1] S ); wire [WIDTH:0] G, P, Gi; Bitwise_PG #(WIDTH) bit_PG ( A, B, Cin, G, P ); Carry_inc_grp_PG #(WIDTH, VALENCY, GROUP) grp_PG ( G, P, Gi ); Final_sum #(WIDTH) sum_logic ( P, Gi, S ); endmodule
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module Carry_inc_grp_PG #( parameter WIDTH = 16, VALENCY = 2, GROUP = 4 ) ( input [WIDTH:0] G, input [WIDTH:0] P, output [WIDTH:0] Gi ); wire [WIDTH-1:0] g, p; assign Gi[0] = G[0]; genvar i, j; generate for (i = 0; i < WIDTH; i = i + GROUP) begin : grp_PG if (i == 0) begin for (j = 1; j < GROUP; j = j + 1) begin : Initial_GC_gen Gray_cell #(VALENCY) GC_0 ( {G[j], Gi[j-1]}, P[j:j-1], Gi[j] ); end end else begin for (j = i; j < i + GROUP; j = j + 1) begin : BC_GC_gen if (j == i) begin Gray_cell #(VALENCY) GC1 ( {G[j], Gi[j-1]}, P[j:j-1], Gi[j] ); assign g[j] = G[j]; assign p[j] = P[j]; end else begin Black_cell #(VALENCY) BC2 ( {G[j], g[j-1]}, {P[j], p[j-1]}, g[j], p[j] ); Gray_cell #(VALENCY) GC2 ( {g[j], Gi[i-1]}, {p[j], 1'b0}, Gi[j] ); end end end end endgenerate endmodule
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module for carry look ahead adder module carry_lahead (output wire [3:0]sum, carry_ahead, input wire [3:0] a, b, input wire c_in ); assign carry_ahead[0]= ((a[0]&b[0]) | (c_in&(a[0]^b[0]))); assign carry_ahead[1]= ((a[1]&b[1]) | ((a[1]^b[1])&carry_ahead[0])); assign carry_ahead[2]= ((a[2]&b[2]) | ((a[2]^b[2])&carry_ahead[1])); assign carry_ahead[3]= ((a[3]&b[3]) | ((a[3]^b[3])&carry_ahead[2])); assign sum[0]= (a[0]^b[0]^c_in); assign sum[1]= (a[1]^b[1]^carry_ahead[0]); assign sum[2]= (a[2]^b[2]^carry_ahead[1]); assign sum[3]= (a[3]^b[3]^carry_ahead[2]); endmodule
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module carry_latch_and #( parameter C_FAMILY = "virtex6" // FPGA Family. Current version: virtex6 or spartan6. ) ( input wire CIN, input wire I, output wire O ); ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Variables for generating parameter controlled instances. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Local params ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Functions ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Internal signals ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Instantiate or use RTL code ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// generate if (C_FAMILY == "rtl") begin : USE_RTL assign O = CIN & ~I; end else begin : USE_FPGA wire I_n; assign I_n = ~I; AND2B1L and2b1l_inst ( .O (O), .DI (CIN), .SRI(I_n) ); end endgenerate endmodule
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module carry_latch_or #( parameter C_FAMILY = "virtex6" // FPGA Family. Current version: virtex6 or spartan6. ) ( input wire CIN, input wire I, output wire O ); ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Variables for generating parameter controlled instances. ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Local params ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Functions ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Internal signals ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // Instantiate or use RTL code ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// generate if (C_FAMILY == "rtl") begin : USE_RTL assign O = CIN | I; end else begin : USE_FPGA OR2L or2l_inst1 ( .O (O), .DI (CIN), .SRI(I) ); end endgenerate endmodule
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module carry_look_ahead_16bit ( a, b, cin, sum, cout ); input [15:0] a, b; input cin; output [15:0] sum; output cout; wire c1, c2, c3; carry_look_ahead_4bit cla1 ( .a(a[3:0]), .b(b[3:0]), .cin(cin), .sum(sum[3:0]), .cout(c1) ); carry_look_ahead_4bit cla2 ( .a(a[7:4]), .b(b[7:4]), .cin(c1), .sum(sum[7:4]), .cout(c2) ); carry_look_ahead_4bit cla3 ( .a(a[11:8]), .b(b[11:8]), .cin(c2), .sum(sum[11:8]), .cout(c3) ); carry_look_ahead_4bit cla4 ( .a(a[15:12]), .b(b[15:12]), .cin(c3), .sum(sum[15:12]), .cout(cout) ); endmodule
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module carry_look_ahead_4bit ( a, b, cin, sum, cout ); input [3:0] a, b; input cin; output [3:0] sum; output cout; wire [3:0] p, g, c; assign p = a ^ b; //propagate assign g = a & b; //generate assign c[0] = cin; assign c[1] = g[0] | (p[0] & c[0]); assign c[2] = g[1] | (p[1] & g[0]) | p[1] & p[0] & c[0]; assign c[3] = g[2] | (p[2] & g[1]) | p[2] & p[1] & g[0] | p[2] & p[1] & p[0] & c[0]; assign cout = g[3] | (p[3] & g[2]) | p[3] & p[2] & g[1] | p[3] & p[2] & p[1] & p[0] & c[0]; assign sum = p ^ c; endmodule
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module test_carry_lookahead_adder_16; // Inputs reg [15:0] in1; reg [15:0] in2; reg cin; // Outputs wire [15:0] sum; wire cout; // Instantiate the Unit test (UUT) carry_lookahead_adder_16 uut ( .sum (sum), .cout(cout), .in1 (in1), .in2 (in2), .cin (cin) ); initial begin in1 = 0; in2 = 0; cin = 0; // Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish #100; // Add stimulus here in1 = 16'b0000000000000001; in2 = 16'b0000000000000000; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 16'b0000000000001010; in2 = 16'b0000000000000011; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 16'b1101000000000000; in2 = 16'b1010000000000000; cin = 1'b1; end initial begin $monitor("time=", $time,, "in1=%d in2=%d cin=%d : sum=%d cout=%d", in1, in2, cin, sum, cout); end endmodule
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module and2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x & y; endmodule
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module or2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x | y; endmodule
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module or3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w | x | y; endmodule
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module xor2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x ^ y; endmodule
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module and3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w & x & y; endmodule
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module and4 ( output wire z, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = v & w & x & y; endmodule
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module xor3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor4 ( output wire z, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor6 ( output wire z, input wire t, input wire u, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = t ^ u ^ v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module test_carry_lookahead_adder_3_2bits; // Inputs reg [1:0] in1; reg [1:0] in2; reg [1:0] in3; reg cin; // Outputs wire [1:0] sum; wire cout_1; wire cout_2; // Instantiate the Unit test (UUT) carry_lookahead_adder_3_2bits uut ( .sum(sum), .cout_1(cout_1), .cout_2(cout_2), .in1(in1), .in2(in2), .in3(in3), .cin(cin) ); initial begin in1 = 0; in2 = 0; in3 = 0; cin = 0; // Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish #100; // Add stimulus here in1 = 2'b01; in2 = 2'b00; in3 = 2'b01; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 2'b10; in2 = 2'b11; in3 = 2'b01; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 2'b01; in2 = 2'b10; in3 = 2'b01; cin = 1'b1; #10 in1 = 2'b11; in2 = 2'b10; in3 = 2'b10; cin = 1'b1; #10 in1 = 2'b11; in2 = 2'b11; in3 = 2'b11; cin = 1'b1; end initial begin $monitor("time=", $time,, "in1=%b in2=%b in3=%b cin=%b : sum=%b cout_1=%b cout_2=%b", in1, in2, in3, cin, sum, cout_1, cout_2); end endmodule
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module three_bits_P ( output P, input a, input b, input c ); assign P = a ^ b ^ c; endmodule
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module three_bits_G ( output G, input a, input b, input c ); assign G = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (b & c); endmodule
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module three_bits_E ( output E, input a, input b, input c ); assign E = a & b & c; endmodule
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module four_bits_P ( output P, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign P = a ^ b ^ c ^ d; endmodule
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module four_bits_G ( output G, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign G = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (a & d) ^ (b & c) ^ (b & d) ^ (c & d); endmodule
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module four_bits_F ( output F, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign F = a & b & c & d; endmodule
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module four_bits_E ( output E, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign E = (a & b & c) ^ (a & b & d) ^ (a & c & d) ^ (b & c & d) ^ (a & b & c & d); endmodule
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module and2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x & y; endmodule
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module or2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x | y; endmodule
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module xor2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x ^ y; endmodule
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module and3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w & x & y; endmodule
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module xor3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor4 ( output wire z, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor5 ( output wire z, input wire u, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = u ^ v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor6 ( output wire z, input wire t, input wire u, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = t ^ u ^ v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module test_carry_lookahead_adder_3_4bits; // Inputs reg [3:0] in1; reg [3:0] in2; reg [3:0] in3; reg cin; // Outputs wire [3:0] sum; wire cout_1; wire cout_2; // Instantiate the Unit test (UUT) carry_lookahead_adder_3_4bits uut ( .sum(sum), .cout_1(cout_1), .cout_2(cout_2), .in1(in1), .in2(in2), .in3(in3), .cin(cin) ); initial begin in1 = 0; in2 = 0; in3 = 0; cin = 0; // Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish #100; // Add stimulus here in1 = 4'b0001; in2 = 4'b0000; in3 = 4'b0011; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 4'b1010; in2 = 4'b0011; in3 = 4'b0011; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 4'b1101; in2 = 4'b1010; in3 = 4'b0011; cin = 1'b1; #10 in1 = 4'b1010; in2 = 4'b1010; in3 = 4'b1111; cin = 1'b1; end initial begin $monitor("time=", $time,, "in1=%b in2=%b in3=%b cin=%b : sum=%b cout_1=%b cout_2=%b", in1, in2, in3, cin, sum, cout_1, cout_2); end endmodule
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module three_bits_P ( output P, input a, input b, input c ); assign P = a ^ b ^ c; endmodule
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module three_bits_G ( output G, input a, input b, input c ); assign G = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (b & c); endmodule
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module three_bits_E ( output E, input a, input b, input c ); assign E = a & b & c; endmodule
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module four_bits_P ( output P, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign P = a ^ b ^ c ^ d; endmodule
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module four_bits_G ( output G, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign G = (a & b) ^ (a & c) ^ (a & d) ^ (b & c) ^ (b & d) ^ (c & d); endmodule
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module four_bits_F ( output F, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign F = a & b & c & d; endmodule
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module four_bits_E ( output E, input a, input b, input c, input d ); assign E = (a & b & c) ^ (a & b & d) ^ (a & c & d) ^ (b & c & d) ^ (a & b & c & d); endmodule
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module and2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x & y; endmodule
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module or2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x | y; endmodule
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module xor2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x ^ y; endmodule
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module and3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w & x & y; endmodule
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module xor3 ( output wire z, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor4 ( output wire z, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor5 ( output wire z, input wire u, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = u ^ v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module xor6 ( output wire z, input wire t, input wire u, input wire v, input wire w, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = t ^ u ^ v ^ w ^ x ^ y; endmodule
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module test_carry_lookahead_adder_3_8bits; // Inputs reg [7:0] in1; reg [7:0] in2; reg [7:0] in3; reg cin; // Outputs wire [7:0] sum; wire cout_1; wire cout_2; // Instantiate the Unit test (UUT) carry_lookahead_adder_3_8bits uut ( .sum(sum), .cout_1(cout_1), .cout_2(cout_2), .in1(in1), .in2(in2), .in3(in3), .cin(cin) ); initial begin in1 = 0; in2 = 0; in3 = 0; cin = 0; // Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish #100; // Add stimulus here in1 = 8'b01010001; in2 = 8'b00001111; in3 = 8'b01110011; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 8'b00111010; in2 = 8'b00110000; in3 = 8'b00010111; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 8'b00011101; in2 = 8'b10101010; in3 = 8'b00001011; cin = 1'b1; end initial begin $monitor("time=", $time,, "in1=%b in2=%b in3=%b cin=%b : sum=%b cout_1=%b cout_2=%b", in1, in2, in3, cin, sum, cout_1, cout_2); end endmodule
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module_full_adder.v" module carry_lookahead_adder_4_bit ( input [3:0] i_add1, input [3:0] i_add2, output [4:0] o_result ); wire [4:0] w_C; wire [3:0] w_G, w_P, w_SUM; module_full_adder full_adder_bit_0 ( .i_bit1(i_add1[0]), .i_bit2(i_add2[0]), .i_carry(w_C[0]), .o_sum(w_SUM[0]), .o_carry() ); module_full_adder full_adder_bit_1 ( .i_bit1(i_add1[1]), .i_bit2(i_add2[1]), .i_carry(w_C[1]), .o_sum(w_SUM[1]), .o_carry() ); module_full_adder full_adder_bit_2 ( .i_bit1(i_add1[2]), .i_bit2(i_add2[2]), .i_carry(w_C[2]), .o_sum(w_SUM[2]), .o_carry() ); module_full_adder full_adder_bit_3 ( .i_bit1(i_add1[3]), .i_bit2(i_add2[3]), .i_carry(w_C[3]), .o_sum(w_SUM[3]), .o_carry() ); // Create the Generate (G) Terms: Gi=Ai*Bi assign w_G[0] = i_add1[0] & i_add2[0]; assign w_G[1] = i_add1[1] & i_add2[1]; assign w_G[2] = i_add1[2] & i_add2[2]; assign w_G[3] = i_add1[3] & i_add2[3]; // Create the Propagate Terms: Pi=Ai+Bi assign w_P[0] = i_add1[0] | i_add2[0]; assign w_P[1] = i_add1[1] | i_add2[1]; assign w_P[2] = i_add1[2] | i_add2[2]; assign w_P[3] = i_add1[3] | i_add2[3]; // Create the Carry Terms: assign w_C[0] = 1'b0; // no carry input assign w_C[1] = w_G[0] | (w_P[0] & w_C[0]); assign w_C[2] = w_G[1] | (w_P[1] & w_C[1]); assign w_C[3] = w_G[2] | (w_P[2] & w_C[2]); assign w_C[4] = w_G[3] | (w_P[3] & w_C[3]); assign o_result = {w_C[4], w_SUM}; // Verilog Concatenation endmodule
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module test_carry_lookahead_adder_4; // Inputs reg [3:0] in1; reg [3:0] in2; reg cin; // Outputs wire [3:0] sum; wire cout; // Instantiate the Unit test (UUT) carry_lookahead_adder_4 uut ( .sum (sum), .cout(cout), .in1 (in1), .in2 (in2), .cin (cin) ); initial begin in1 = 0; in2 = 0; cin = 0; // Wait 100 ns for global reset to finish #100; // Add stimulus here in1 = 4'b0001; in2 = 4'b0000; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 4'b1010; in2 = 4'b0011; cin = 1'b0; #10 in1 = 4'b1101; in2 = 4'b1010; cin = 1'b1; end initial begin $monitor("time=", $time,, "in1=%b in2=%b cin=%b : sum=%b cout=%b", in1, in2, cin, sum, cout); end endmodule
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module xor2 ( output wire z, input wire x, input wire y ); assign z = x ^ y; endmodule
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