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Several factors led to the first chemical revolution. First, there were the forms of gravimetric analysis that emerged from alchemy and new kinds of instruments that were developed in medical and industrial contexts. In these settings, chemists increasingly challenged hypotheses that had already been presented by th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
All data in T3DB is non-proprietary or is derived from a non-proprietary source. It is freely accessible and available to anyone. In addition, nearly every data item is fully traceable and explicitly referenced to the original source. T3DB data is available through a public web interface and downloads. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An automated read-across tool called Generalized Read-Across (GenRA) is integrated into The Chemicals Dashboard. GenRA is designed to keep the expert consideration inherent in the read-across method, but automate the chemical selection process to help predict toxicity.
The Dashboard also has the capability to search ex... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The ÄKTA explorer was the first high end FPLC (Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography) system that was developed for Life Science research by the Swedish company Pharmacia in 1994. Its purpose was to simplify and automatize protein purification. It was followed by a line of similar devices (the "Äkta" line). The product li... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
At constant temperature, the reversibility of polymerization can be determined using the Gibbs free energy equation:
where is the change of entropy during polymerization. The change of enthalpy during polymerization, , is also known as the heat of polymerization, which is defined by
where and denote the activation e... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Olson remained at the Flory group for a post doc research, after which she became a Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellow with geneticist Charles R. Cantor at Columbia University.
In 1972, Olson became an assistant professor at Rutgers University and full professor in 1979.
During her time at Rutg... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Scythians emerged as a people prior to the 7th Century BC, when they were first mentioned in historical records. The Scythian civilization consisted of a number of distinct tribal groups scattered across the Pontic Steppes, Caucasus, and Central Asia. Though primarily a nomadic people, the Scythians established a n... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A clinical trial in cardiac arrest patients showed that hypothermia improved neurological outcome and reduced mortality. A retrospective study of the use of hypothermia for cardiac arrest patients showed favorable neurological outcome and survival. Osborn waves on electrocardiogram (ECG) are frequent during TTM after ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Curtin–Hammett principle applies to systems in which different products are formed from two substrates in equilibrium with one another. The rapidly interconverting reactants can have any relationship between themselves (stereoisomers, constitutional isomers, conformational isomers, etc.). Product formation must be ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In a recent study, the production of pyoverdine (PVD), a type of siderophore, in the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been explored. This study focused on the construction, modeling, and dynamic simulation of PVD biosynthesis, a virulence factor, through a systemic approach. This approach considers that the metabol... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This method, also called Free energy perturbation (or FEP), involves sampling from state A only. It requires that all the high probability configurations of super state B are contained in high probability configurations of super state A, which is a much more stringent requirement than the overlap condition stated above... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* 1.B.1 General bacterial porin family
* 1.B.2 Chlamydial porin (CP) family
* 1.B.3 Sugar porin (SP) family
* 1.B.4 Brucella-Rhizobium porin (BRP) family
* 1.B.5 Pseudomonas OprP porin (POP) family
* 1.B.6 OmpA-OmpF porin (OOP) family
* 1.B.7 Rhodobacter PorCa porin (RPP) family
* 1.B.8 Mitochondrial and plastid porin ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Further modifications on N-myristoylated proteins can add another level of regulation for myristoylated protein. Dual acylation can facilitate more tightly regulated protein localization, specifically targeting proteins to lipid rafts at membranes or allowing dissociation of myristoylated proteins from membranes.
Myris... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Related to η-O-bonded complexes of aldehydes and ketones are metal acetylacetonates and related species, which can be viewed as a combination of ketone and enolate ligands. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The following procedure is typically followed when performing an acid-base extraction for a mixture containing an acidic and/or basic compound:
#The mixture of compounds is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent, such as dichloromethane or diethyl ether.
# The solution is added to a separatory funnel. If the desired c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A similar but denser material, consisting of an electrodeposited nanocrystalline nickel layer over a polymeric rapid-prototyped truss, was created by researchers at the University of Toronto in 2008. In 2012, German researchers created a carbon foam known as aerographite, with an even lower density than a metallic micr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The graphs below show the behaviour of fractional derivatives calculated by different algorithms for ferrocene in acetonitrile at 100mV/s, the reference electrode is 0.1M Ag/Ag in acetonitrile (+0.04V vs. Fc). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Knight shift (first reported in 1949) and Shoolery's rule are observed with pure metals and methylene groups, respectively. The NMR chemical shift in its present-day meaning first appeared in journals in 1950. Chemical shifts with a different meaning appear in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as the shift in atomic... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Specific uses for phenoxymethylpenicillin include:
* Infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes
** Tonsillitis
** Pharyngitis
** Skin infections
* Anthrax (mild uncomplicated infections)
* Lyme disease (early stage in pregnant women or young children)
* Rheumatic fever (primary and secondary prophylaxis)
* Streptococc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
After his fathers death, Hatchett largely gave up his activities as a chemist. He inherited his fathers coach-making business and pursued interests in collecting books (including a First Folio) manuscripts, paintings, and musical instruments. His loss was lamented by colleagues such as Thomas Thomson (1773–1852), who w... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Because radiopharmeuticals require special licenses and handling techniques, they are often kept in local centers for medical radioisotope storage, often known as radiopharmacies. A radiopharmacist may dispense them from there, to local centers where they are handled at the practical medicine facility. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
David Dye is a Professor of Metallurgy at Imperial College London. Dye specialises in fatigue and micromechanics of aerospace and nuclear materials, mainly Ni/Co superalloys, titanium, TWIP steel, and Zirconium alloys. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute (TTFRI) was a research institute which is part of the National Applied Research Laboratories of Taiwan. It was merged into the National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction in 2018. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
For multicomponent solutions, apparent molar properties can be defined in several ways. For the volume of a ternary (3-component) solution with one solvent and two solutes as an example, there would still be only one equation , which is insufficient to determine the two apparent volumes. (This is in contrast to partial... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) is a nuclear method of nuclear spectroscopy in materials science to obtain concentration vs. depth distributions for certain target chemical elements in a solid thin film. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
SOLID was designed for automatic in situ detection and identification of substances from liquid and crushed samples under the conditions of outer space. The system uses hundreds of carefully selected antibodies to detect lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids. These are complex biological polymers that co... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
DiProDB is a database designed to collect and analyse thermodynamic, structural and other dinucleotide properties. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The purpose of FuseNet is to coordinate and facilitate fusion education, to share best practices, to jointly develop educational tools, to organize educational events. The members of FuseNet have jointly established academic criteria for the award of European Fusion Doctorate and Master Certificates. These criteria are... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis) can distinguish between enantiomers by showing a distinct Cotton effect for each isomer. UV–vis spectroscopy sees only chromophores, so other molecules must be prepared for analysis by chemical addition of a chromophore such as anthracene. Two methods are reported: the octant... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Toxicity can be measured by its effects on the target (organism, organ, tissue or cell). Because individuals typically have different levels of response to the same dose of a toxic substance, a population-level measure of toxicity is often used which relates the probabilities of an outcome for a given individual in a ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
For DNB type of boiling crisis, the flow is characterized by creeping vapor fluid between liquid and the wall. On top of the convective heat transfer, radiation heat transfer contributes to the heat transfer. After the dryout, the flow regime is shifted from an inverted annular to mist flow. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Most molybdenum is excreted from the human body as molybdate in the urine. Furthermore, urinary excretion of molybdenum increases as dietary molybdenum intake increases. Small amounts of molybdenum are excreted from the body in the feces by way of the bile; small amounts also can be lost in sweat and in hair. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In other instances, molecular interactions between gas molecules previously adsorbed on a solid surface form significant interactions with gas molecules in the gaseous phases. Hence, adsorption of gas molecules to the surface is more likely to occur around gas molecules that are already present on the solid surface, re... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* A regularly updated repository of hundreds of computational analysis modules that support data preprocessing, gene expression analysis, proteomics, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis, flow cytometry, and short-read sequencing.
* A programmatic interface that makes analysis modules available to computationa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
While a person's home may not be a purpose-made shelter, it could be thought of as one if measures are taken to improve the degree of fallout protection. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Exemestane is metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4. While the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole had no significant effect on exemestane levels in a clinical trial, the strong CYP3A4 inductor rifampicin significantly cut exemenstane levels about in half (AUC −54%, C −41% for a single dose), potentially compromising its ef... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Niobium anodizes in a similar fashion to titanium with a range of attractive colors being formed by interference at different film thicknesses. Again the film thickness is dependent on the anodizing voltage. Uses include jewelry and commemorative coins. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fluorescent biomaterials are a possible way of using external factors to observe a pathway more visibly. The method involves fluorescently labeling peptide molecules that would alter an organisms natural pathway. When this peptide is inserted into the organisms cell, it can induce a different reaction. This method can ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the following example, elemental aluminium reduces the oxide of another metal, in this common example iron oxide, because aluminium forms stronger and more stable bonds with oxygen than iron:
: FeO + 2 Al → 2 Fe + AlO
The products are aluminium oxide, elemental iron, and a large amount of heat. The reactants are com... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
If a gaseous emission sample is analyzed and found to contain water vapor and a pollutant concentration of say 40 ppmv, then 40 ppmv should be designated as the "wet basis" pollutant concentration. The following equation can be used to correct the measured "wet basis" concentration to a "dry basis" concentration:
Thus... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
DNA transfer between prokaryotic cells occurs in bacteria and archaea, although it has been mainly studied in bacteria. In bacteria, gene transfer occurs by three processes. These are (1) bacterial virus (bacteriophage)-mediated transduction, (2) plasmid-mediated conjugation, and (3) natural transformation. Transductio... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The strong H-H homonuclear dipolar interactions associated with broad NMR lines and short T relaxation time effectively relegate proton for bimolecular NMR. Recent developments of faster MAS, and reduction of dipolar interactions by deuteration have made proton ssNMR as versatile as in solution. This includes spectral ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Depending on the ore and plant size, a furnace can daily output 250 to 800 tons of pre-reduced iron ore. The biggest furnaces, up to 5 meters in diameter and 110 meters long, can process 950 to 1,000 tons of ore daily, excluding fuel. A properly operated plant typically runs for around 300 days per year. The internal r... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Infinite Energy is a bi-monthly magazine published in New Hampshire that details theories and experiments concerning alternative energy, new science and new physics. The magazine was founded by the late Eugene Mallove, and is owned by the non-profit New Energy Foundation. It was established in 1994 as Cold Fusion magaz... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Genuine alternative splicing occurs in both protein-coding genes and non-coding genes to produce multiple products (proteins or non-coding RNAs). External information is needed in order to decide which product is made, given a DNA sequence and the initial transcript. Since the methods of regulation are inherited, this ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
If the cylinder oscillates in the axial direction with velocity , then the velocity field is
where is the modified Bessel function of the second kind. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* The term on the left-hand side is the material derivative of the vorticity vector . It describes the rate of change of vorticity of the moving fluid particle. This change can be attributed to unsteadiness in the flow (, the unsteady term) or due to the motion of the fluid particle as it moves from one point to anoth... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Polymers with identical composition but different molecular weights may exhibit different physical properties. In general, increasing degree of polymerization correlates with higher melting temperature and higher mechanical strength. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Crimped or pressed connections to use special fittings permanently attached to tubing with a powered crimper. The fittings, manufactured with a pre-installed sealant or O-ring, slide over the tubing to be connected. High pressure is used to deform the fitting and compress the sealant against the inner tubing, creating ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Previous studies have used compatibility of trace elements to see the effect it would have on the melt structure of the peridotite solidus. In such studies, partition coefficients of specific elements were examined and the magnitude of these values gave researchers some indication about the degree of polymerization of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The existence of nonradioactive isotopes of lighter elements had been suspected in studies of neon as early as 1913, and proven by mass spectrometry of light elements in 1920. At that time the neutron had not yet been discovered, and the prevailing theory was that isotopes of an element differ by the existence of addit... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Electrically charged particles (such as fuel ions) will follow magnetic field lines (see Guiding centre). The fusion fuel can therefore be trapped using a strong magnetic field. A variety of magnetic configurations exist, including the toroidal geometries of tokamaks and stellarators and open-ended mirror confinement s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
All chain-growth polymerization reactions must include chain initiation and chain propagation. Chain transfer and chain termination steps also occur in many but not all chain-growth polymerizations. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
For bottom-up proteomics, the proteins can be separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) or electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for relative quantification or by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for absolute quantification. For ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
These newly cooked strange quarks find their way into a multitude of different final particles that emerge as the hot quark–gluon plasma fireball breaks up, see the scheme of different processes in figure. Given the ready supply of antiquarks in the "fireball", one also finds a multitude of antimatter particles contain... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The most important as well as most difficult to measure aspects of flow measurement are flow conditions within a pipe upstream of a meter. Flow conditions mainly refer to the flow velocity profile, irregularities in the profile, varying turbulence levels within the flow velocity or turbulence intensity profile, swirl a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Dry ice sublimates at and is a cryogenic hazard. Proper PPE, including appropriate gloves, goggles, and apron are required when handling, and contact with bare skin should be avoided. Dry ice will naturally sublimate away in ambient air, but should always be kept in a well-ventilated area to prevent hazardous buildup ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Anabaseine (3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2,3′-bipyridine) is an alkaloid toxin produced by Nemertines and Aphaenogaster ants. It is structurally similar to nicotine and anabasine. Similarly, it has been shown to act as an agonist on most nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous syste... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bloch remained in European academia, working on superconductivity with Wolfgang Pauli in Zürich; with Hans Kramers and Adriaan Fokker in Holland; with Heisenberg on ferromagnetism, where he developed a description of boundaries between magnetic domains, now known as "Bloch walls", and theoretically proposed a concept o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Barium chlorate can be produced through a double replacement reaction between solutions of barium chloride and sodium chlorate:
:BaCl + 2 NaClO → Ba(ClO) + 2 NaCl
On concentrating and chilling the resulting mixture, barium chlorate precipitates. This is perhaps the most common preparation, exploiting the lower solubili... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A structurally complete leaf of an angiosperm consists of a petiole (leaf stalk), a lamina (leaf blade), stipules (small structures located to either side of the base of the petiole) and a sheath. Not every species produces leaves with all of these structural components. The proximal stalk or petiole is called a stipe ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis. Found in all known forms of life, it is often referred to as the "molecular unit of currency" of i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The decline of European alchemy was brought about by the rise of modern science with its emphasis on rigorous quantitative experimentation and its disdain for "ancient wisdom". Although the seeds of these events were planted as early as the 17th century, alchemy still flourished for some two hundred years, and in fact ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The ability of a soapy solution to act as a detergent has been recognized for centuries. However, it was only at the beginning of the twentieth century that the constitution of such solutions was scientifically studied. Pioneering work in this area was carried out by James William McBain at the University of Bristol. A... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
, along with many substituted derivatives like the alkoxy-methyl derivative , can be deposited as a thin film with intrinsic semiconductor properties; said properties arise due to its radical nature and its low reduction potential compared to other metal phthalocyanines. This initially green film exhibits electrochromi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The iron pillar of Dhar was originally longer than the iron pillar of Delhi. After the Muslim conquest of Dhar, it broke into at least two pieces. The smaller piece was planted at the Dilawar Khan's Mosque in Mandu. The larger piece was erected in front of the Lat Masjid constructed by Dilawar Khan in 1405.
In 1531 CE,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The technical merits make redox flow batteries a well-suited option for large-scale energy storage. Flow batteries are normally considered for relatively large (1 kWh – 10 MWh) stationary applications with multi-hour charge-discharge cycles. Flow batteries are not cost-efficient for shorter charge/discharge times. Some... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Metalloprotein is a generic term for a protein that contains a metal ion cofactor. A large proportion of all proteins are part of this category. For instance, at least 1000 human proteins (out of ~20,000) contain zinc-binding protein domains although there may be up to 3000 human zinc metalloproteins. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Cyanobacteria possess carboxysomes, which increase the concentration of around RuBisCO to increase the rate of photosynthesis. An enzyme, carbonic anhydrase, located within the carboxysome, releases CO from dissolved hydrocarbonate ions (HCO). Before the CO can diffuse out outside the cell by another carbonic anhydras... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Bottom-blown Oxygen Converter or BBOC is a smelting furnace developed by the staff at Britannia Refined Metals Limited (“BRM”), a British subsidiary of MIM Holdings Limited (which is now part of the Glencore group of companies). The furnace is currently marketed by Glencore Technology. It is a sealed, flat-bottomed... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of protein complexes and other molecules that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H ions) across a membrane... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The unit processes involved in wastewater treatment include physical processes such as settlement or flotation and biological processes such oxidation or anaerobic treatment. Some wastewaters require specialized treatment methods. At the simplest level, treatment of most wastewaters is carried out through separation of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A proper rotation refers to simple rotation about an axis. Such operations are denoted by where is a rotation of or performed times. The superscript is omitted if it is equal to one. is a rotation through 360°, where . It is equivalent to the Identity () operation. is a rotation of 180°, as is a rotation of 1... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are a total of four classes that categorize Histone Deacetylases (HDACs). Class I includes HDACs 1, 2, 3, and 8. Class II is divided into two subgroups, Class IIA and Class IIB. Class IIA includes HDACs 4, 5, 7, and 9 while Class IIB includes HDACs 6 and 10. Class III contains the Sirtuins and Class IV contains o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft launched in August and September 1977 required multi-hundred-watt (MHW) RTG containing plutonium oxide fuel spheres for an operational life appropriate for exploration of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Conversion of the decay heat of the plutonium to electrical power was accomp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The duration of adjustment depends on the strength of the negative feedback to the initial shock. The principle is typically used to describe closed negative-feedback systems, but applies, in general, to thermodynamically closed and isolated systems in nature, since the second law of thermodynamics ensures that the dis... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Thermodynamics defines the statistical behaviour of large numbers of entities, whose exact behavior is given by more specific laws. While the fundamental theoretical laws of physics are all time-reversible, experimentally the probability of real reversibility is low and the former state of system and surroundings is re... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Resistance to fluoroquinolones is common in staphylococcus and pseudomonas. Resistance occurs in multiple ways. One mechanism is by an alteration in topoisomerase IV enzyme. A double mutant form of S. pneumoniae Gyr A + Par C bearing Ser-81-->Phe and Ser-79-->Phe mutations were eight to sixteen times less responsive to... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Recent developments in heterogeneous catalysis enabled the use of metal oxide materials such as cuprous oxide nanocatalysts in flow processing technologies, which can enable the economical production of active pharmaceutical ingredients and various other fine chemicals. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As a "non-contact" process, the effect differs from traditional electrochemical processes where carrier flow through the surface is achieved by connection to a current source with highly conductive materials such as copper wire. It is well known that materials contacted to an anode can be modified in a variety of ways ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As the concentration of particles in a suspension is increased, a point is reached where particles are so close together that they no longer settle independently of one another and the velocity fields of the fluid displaced by adjacent particles, overlap. There is also a net upward flow of liquid displaced by the sett... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Concretes are produced from natural plant materials—mainly flowers. Some of the most popular natural flowers used are rose, lavender, jasmine, tuberose, jonquil, and ylang-ylang. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The solution been used in veterinary medicine to treat chronic diseases of the skin and as a folk remedy. It was used during the 19th century to treat lepra vulgaris and psoriasis in humans, taken internally. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
HTIR-TC offers a breakthrough in measuring high-temperature processes. Its characteristics are: durable and reliable at high temperatures, up to at least 1700 °C; resistant to irradiation; moderately priced; available in a variety of configurations - adaptable to each application; easily installed. Originally developed... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Eastern meadow voles are active year-round and day or night, with no clear 24-hour rhythm in many areas. Most changes in activity are imposed by season, habitat, cover, temperature, and other factors. Eastern meadow voles have to eat frequently, and their active periods (every two to three hours) are associated with fo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Thermodynamic diagrams are diagrams used to represent the thermodynamic states of a material (typically fluid) and the consequences of manipulating this material. For instance, a temperature–entropy diagram (T–s diagram) may be used to demonstrate the behavior of a fluid as it is changed by a compressor. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the 9th century, Banū Mūsā brothers Book of Ingenious Devices' described a number of early automatic controls in fluid mechanics. Two-step level controls for fluids, an early form of discontinuous variable structure controls, was developed by the Banu Musa brothers. They also described an early feedback controller f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A quark–gluon plasma (QGP) or quark soup is a state of matter in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which exists at extremely high temperature and/or density. This state is thought to consist of asymptotically free strong-interacting quarks and gluons, which are ordinarily confined by color confinement inside atomic nuclei o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Various polysulfides - are components of liver of sulfur. Polysulfides, like sulfides, can induce stress corrosion cracking in carbon steel and stainless steel. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Actinic lights are also common in the reef aquarium industry. They are used to promote coral and invertebrate growth. They are also used to accentuate the fluorescence of fluorescent fish.
Actinic lighting is also used to limit algae growth in the aquarium. Since algae (like many other plants), flourish in shallower wa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Institute had its genesis in 1893 with the formation in Adelaide of the Australasian Institute of Mining Engineers drawing its inspiration from the success of the American Institute of Mining Engineers, and some impetus from the Mine Managers Association of Broken Hill. Office-holders were equally from South Austra... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The International Energy Agency reports the following typical higher heating values per Standard cubic metre of gas:
* Algeria: 39.57MJ/Sm
* Bangladesh: 36.00MJ/Sm
* Canada: 39.00MJ/Sm
* China: 38.93MJ/Sm
* Indonesia: 40.60MJ/Sm
* Iran: 39.36MJ/Sm
* Netherlands: 33.32MJ/Sm
* Norway: 39.24MJ/Sm
* Pakistan: 34.90MJ/Sm
* ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The dominant material for contact lenses are acrylate-siloxane hydrogels. They have replaced hard contact lenses. One of their most attractive properties is oxygen permeability, which is required since the cornea lacks vasculature. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The polar surface area (PSA) or topological polar surface area (TPSA) of a molecule is defined as the surface sum over all polar atoms or molecules, primarily oxygen and nitrogen, also including their attached hydrogen atoms.
PSA is a commonly used medicinal chemistry metric for the optimization of a drug's ability to ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 2021, calcium was the 243rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1million prescriptions. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
One model proposes that loss of the GTP-cap causes the GDP-containing protofilaments to shrink. Based on this GTP-cap model, catastrophe happens randomly. The model proposes that an increase in microtubule growth will correlate with a decrease in random catastrophe frequency or vice versa. The discovery of microtubule-... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Post-translational modification is the chemical modification of a protein after its translation. It is one of the later steps in protein biosynthesis for many proteins. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Spatially resolve acoustic spectroscopy (SRAS) is an optical technique that uses optically generated high frequency surface acoustic waves to probe
the direction elastic parameters of the surface and, as such, it can vividly reveal the surface microstructure of metals.
It can also image the crystallographic orientat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Dortmund Data Bank is distributed by DDBST GmbH as in-house software. Many parts of the Dortmund Data Bank are also distributed as part of the DETHERM data bank which is also available online. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Salmonella encodes a LuxR homolog, SdiA, but does not encode an AHL synthase. SdiA detects AHLs produced by other species of bacteria including Aeromonas hydrophila, Hafnia alvei, and Yersinia enterocolitica. When AHL is detected, SdiA regulates the rck operon on the Salmonella virulence plasmid (pefI-srgD-srgA-srgB-rc... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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