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Nitrite can enter two kinds of reaction, depending on the physico-chemical environment.
* Nitrosylation is adding a nitrosyl ion to a metal (e.g. iron) or a thiol, leading to nitrosyl iron (e.g., in nitrosylated heme = nitrosylheme) or S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs).
* Nitrosation is adding a nitrosonium ion to an amine –... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Increases in carbon capture and sequestration have been observed in both mangrove and seagrass ecosystems which have been subjected to high nutrient loads, either intentionally or due to waste from human activities.
Research done on mangrove soils from the Red Sea have shown that increases in nutrient loads to these so... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hydrofluoric acid, the water solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF), is a contact poison. Even though it is from a chemical perspective a relatively weak acid, it is far more dangerous than conventional strong mineral acids, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or hydrochloric acid. Owing to its lesser chemical dissociation... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Penicillamine was developed to treat Wilsons disease, a rare hereditary disease that can lead to a fatal accumulation of copper in the body. This drug was later found to be effective in treating arthritis. Bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate is currently under investigation as a therapy against Wilsons disease. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Lely method, also known as the Lely process or Lely technique, is a crystal growth technology used for producing silicon carbide crystals for the semiconductor industry. The patent for this method was filed in the Netherlands in 1954 and in the United States in 1955 by Jan Anthony Lely of Philips Electronics. The p... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Rural areas with low population density may not need formal FSM services if the local practice is to cover and rebuild latrines when they fill up. However, if this is not possible, rural areas often lack treatment facilities within a reasonable (say 30 minutes drive) distance; are difficult for tankers to access and of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the plasma and an additional energy source in tumor cells especially when glycolytic energy production is low due to a high amount of the dimeric form of M2-PK.
*Glutamine and its degradation products glutamate and aspartate are precursors for nucleic acid and serine synthe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
CDP-glucose is produced from CTP and glucose-1-phosphate by the enzyme glucose-1-phosphate cytidylyltransferase. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
All of the known 251 stable nuclides, plus another 35 nuclides that have half-lives long enough to have survived from the formation of the Earth, occur as primordial nuclides. These 35 primordial radionuclides represent isotopes of 28 separate elements.
Cadmium, tellurium, xenon, neodymium, samarium, osmium, and uraniu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nitric acid is normally considered to be a strong acid at ambient temperatures. There is some disagreement over the value of the acid dissociation constant, though the pK value is usually reported as less than −1. This means that the nitric acid in diluted solution is fully dissociated except in extremely acidic soluti... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
XeO should be handled with great caution. Samples have detonated when undisturbed at room temperature. Dry crystals react explosively with cellulose. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In coordination chemistry, the first coordination sphere refers to the array of molecules and ions (the ligands) directly attached to the central metal atom. The second coordination sphere consists of molecules and ions that attached in various ways to the first coordination sphere. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) is a heterobifunctional molecule composed of two active domains and a linker, capable of removing specific unwanted proteins. Rather than acting as a conventional enzyme inhibitor, a PROTAC works by inducing selective intracellular proteolysis. PROTACs consist of two covalently ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Paul Walden (; ; ; 26 July 1863 – 22 January 1957) was a Russian, Latvian and German chemist known for his work in stereochemistry and history of chemistry. In particular, he discovered the Walden rule, he invented the stereochemical reaction known as Walden inversion and synthesized the first room-temperature ionic li... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Lead(II) azide is prepared by the reaction of sodium azide and lead(II) nitrate in aqueous solution. Lead(II) acetate can also be used.
Thickeners such as dextrin or polyvinyl alcohol are often added to the solution to stabilize the precipitated product. In fact, it is normally shipped in a dextrinated solution that lo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although the Pidgeon process has many perks, there are some environmental disadvantages of the process as well. Since increased demand for magnesium has risen in recent years, production through ore reduction has been emitting large amounts of carbon dioxide and particulate matter. Due to the lightweight nature of magn... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hyperfine interactions, the internal magnetic fields of local magnetic isotopes, play a significant role as well in the spin dynamics of radical-pairs. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Verbal suggestion can cause hyperalgesia (increased sensitivity to pain) and allodynia (perception of a tactile stimulus as painful) as a result of the nocebo effect. Nocebo hyperalgesia is believed to involve the activation of cholecystokinin receptors. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Coal, being mostly carbon, emits a lot of when burnt: it has a high emission intensity. Natural gas, being methane (), has 4 hydrogen atoms to burn for each one of carbon and thus has medium emission intensity. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) is a property in which the energy of the excited electron of one fluorphore, called the donor, is passed on to a nearby acceptor dye, either a dark quencher or another fluorophore, which has an excitation spectrum which overlaps with the emission spectrum of the donor dye result... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are three main classes of biopolymers: polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polynucleotides.
In living cells, they may be synthesized by enzyme-mediated processes, such as the formation of DNA catalyzed by DNA polymerase. The synthesis of proteins involves multiple enzyme-mediated processes to transcribe genetic in... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The signatories to the 1904 Petition are:
# Lucy Boole
# Katherine Alice Burke
# Clare de Brereton Evans
# Elizabeth Eleanor Field
# Emily Fortey
# Ida Freund
# Mildred Gostling (Mrs Mills)
# Hilda Hartle
# Edith Humphrey
# Dorothy Marshall
# Margaret Seward (Mrs McKillop)
# Ida Smedley (Mrs Maclean)
# Ali... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The third group of chemokines is known as the C chemokines (or γ chemokines), and is unlike all other chemokines in that it has only two cysteines; one N-terminal cysteine and one cysteine downstream. Two chemokines have been described for this subgroup and are called XCL1 (lymphotactin-α) and XCL2 (lymphotactin-β). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Irène Joliot-Curie (; ; 12 September 1897 – 17 March 1956) was a French chemist, physicist and politician, the elder daughter of Pierre Curie and Marie Skłodowska–Curie, and the wife of Frédéric Joliot-Curie. Jointly with her husband, Joliot-Curie was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935 for their discovery of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The marine carbon cycle is composed of processes that exchange carbon between various pools within the ocean as well as between the atmosphere, Earth interior, and the seafloor. The carbon cycle is a result of many interacting forces across multiple time and space scales that circulates carbon around the planet, ensuri... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When multiple assays measure the same target their results and utility may or may not be comparable depending on the natures of the assay and their methodology, reliability etc. Such comparisons are possible through study of general quality attributes of the assays e.g. principles of measurement (including identificati... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
NAPCO was the first company which was able to progress to registration of final 14001 certification. This was primarily due to the increased costs of surveillance audits and an absence of market incentives to promote this certificate as the gold standard within the Australian beef industry. A ‘cluster approach’ was uti... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Barton evaporation engine is a heat engine based on a cycle producing power and cooled moist air from the evaporation of water into hot dry air. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In living cells, signals are processed by networks of proteins that can act as complex computational devices. These networks rely on the ability of single proteins to exist in a variety of functionally different states achieved through multiple mechanisms, including post-translational modifications, ligand binding, con... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In addition to diagnosis and classification, EPIC-seq holds promise in predicting patient response to various cancer therapies, including immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI). By analyzing changes in gene expression patterns captured through EPIC-seq, researchers can forecast patient response to PD-(L)1 blockade therapy,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
DCP incurs several key disadvantages in comparison to ICP. In addition to the lower sensitivity, spectra generated by DCP generally present fewer spectral lines. DCP samples are often incompletely volatilized due to the relatively short amount of time spent in the hottest region of the plasma. Furthermore, DCP require... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Oxyhemoglobin is formed during physiological respiration when oxygen binds to the heme component of the protein hemoglobin in red blood cells. This process occurs in the pulmonary capillaries adjacent to the alveoli of the lungs. The oxygen then travels through the blood stream to be dropped off at cells where it is ut... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A caged protein is a protein that is activated in the presence of a stimulating light source. In most cases, photo-uncaging is the technique revealing the active region of a compound by the process of photolysis of the shielding molecule (‘cage’). However, uncaging the protein requires an appropriate wavelength, intens... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Jean-Claude Duplessy, a former student of the Ecole Normale Supérieure (Ulm), a physics graduate, is a geochemist. His work has contributed to a better understanding of how the ocean has functioned over the recent history of the Earth. He is a recognized pioneer in rebuilding ocean dynamics through the use of carbon is... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One way to identify the expression pattern of a particular gene is to place a reporter gene downstream of its promoter. In this configuration, the promoter gene will cause the reporter gene to be expressed only where and when the gene of interest is expressed. The expression distribution of the reporter gene can be det... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
British Approved Names (BANs) are devised or selected by the British Pharmacopoeia Commission (BPC), and published by the Health Ministers, on the recommendation of the Commission on Human Medicines, to provide a list of names of substances or articles referred to in Section 100 of the Medicines Act 1968. BANs are sho... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The dispersion of a monochromator is characterized as the width of the band of colors per unit of slit width, 1 nm of spectrum per mm of slit width for instance. This factor is constant for a grating, but varies with wavelength for a prism. If a scanning prism monochromator is used in a constant bandwidth mode, the sli... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The 5-HT receptors are a subfamily of the 5-HT serotonin receptors that bind to the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT). The 5-HT subfamily consists of five G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that share 40% to 63% overall sequence homology, including 5-HT, 5-HT, 5-HT, 5-H... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A concentration cell is an electrochemical cell where the two electrodes are the same material, the electrolytes on the two half-cells involve the same ions, but the electrolyte concentration differs between the two half-cells.
An example is an electrochemical cell, where two copper electrodes are submerged in two copp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I) modifications were described well before the conception of epitranscriptomics. These modifications are very common in tissues and cells of the nervous system, and malfunctions in this deamination can result in a variety of different human diseases. A-to-I deamination has been shown to caus... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In general, carboxylic acids () are named with the suffix -oic acid (etymologically a back-formation from benzoic acid). As with aldehydes, the carboxyl functional group must take the "1" position on the main chain and so the locant need not be stated. For example, (lactic acid) is named 2-hydroxypropanoic acid with n... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A fiber (or other hydrophilic material) that has been exposed to the atmosphere will usually contain some water even if it feels dry. The water can be driven off by heating in an oven, leading to a measurable decrease in weight, which will gradually be regained if the fiber is returned to a normal atmosphere. This eff... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Methanesulfonic anhydride (MsO) is the acid anhydride of methanesulfonic acid. Like methanesulfonyl chloride (MsCl), it may be used to generate mesylates (methanesulfonyl esters). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A "lasagna cell" is accidentally produced when salty moist food such as lasagna is stored in a steel baking pan and is covered with aluminium foil. After a few hours the foil develops small holes where it touches the lasagna, and the food surface becomes covered with small spots composed of corroded aluminium. In this ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Not all the clusters are stable. The stability of nanoclusters depends on the number of atoms in the nanocluster, valence electron counts and encapsulating scaffolds. In the 1990s, Heer and his coworkers used supersonic expansion of an atomic cluster source into a vacuum in the presence of an inert gas and produced ato... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The chemically stable anion of Fluorine-18-Fluoride is a bone-seeking radiotracer in skeletal imaging. [F]NaF has an affinity to deposit at areas where the bone is newly mineralizing. Many studies have [F]NaF PET to measure bone metabolism at the hip, lumbar spine, and humerus. [F]NaF is taken-up in an exponential mann... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
MPSS allows mRNA transcripts to be identified through the generation of a 17–20 bp (base pair) signature sequence adjacent to the 3-end of the 3-most site of the designated restriction enzyme (commonly Sau3A or DpnII). Each signature sequence is cloned onto one of a million microbeads. The technique ensures that only o... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Scintillators are used by the American government as Homeland Security radiation detectors. Scintillators can also be used in particle detectors, new energy resource exploration, X-ray security, nuclear cameras, computed tomography and gas exploration. Other applications of scintillators include CT scanners and gamma c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Clark has an undergraduate degree in geological sciences completed at The State University of New York at Geneseo in 2013, a master's degree in geological sciences from The University of Alabama completed in 2015, and a PhD in geological and earth sciences completed at The University of Houston in 2021. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The first N-sulfinyl imines in racemic form were formed by oxidation of p-toluene-sulfenyl imines with m-CPBA. Enantiopure p-toluene-sulfinyl imines arise by the reaction of the commercially available Andersen reagent (menthyl p-toluenesulfinate) with metallo-ketimines but is limited to ketone derived N-sulfinyl imin... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Closed fullerenes encapsulating small molecules have been synthesized. Representative are the synthesis of the dihydrogen endofullerene H@C, the water endofullerene HO@C, the hydrogen fluoride endofullerene HF@C, and the methane endofullerene CH@C. The encapsulated molecules display unusual physical properties which ha... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Crystal structure is described in terms of the geometry of arrangement of particles in the unit cells. The unit cell is defined as the smallest repeating unit having the full symmetry of the crystal structure. The geometry of the unit cell is defined as a parallelepiped, providing six lattice parameters taken as the le... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The UC Berkeley College of Chemistry is one of the fifteen schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. It houses the department of chemistry and the department of chemical and biomolecular engineering, both of which are ranked among the best in the world. Its faculty and alumni have won 18 Nobel Pri... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the Brazilian rain forest, sudden rainfall can trigger flooding at a moment's notice. Given that flooding can potentially destroy a colony and drown the insects, fire ants have developed a unique adaptation to this situation. While individual fire ants are hydrophobic and flounder at the waters surface, large groups... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Depending on their chemical structures, polymers may be either semi-crystalline or amorphous. Semi-crystalline polymers can undergo crystallization and melting transitions, whereas amorphous polymers do not. In polymers, crystallization and melting do not suggest solid-liquid phase transitions, as in the case of water ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A thermal reservoir, also thermal energy reservoir or thermal bath, is a thermodynamic system with a heat capacity so large that the temperature of the reservoir changes relatively little when a significant amount of heat is added or extracted. As a conceptual simplification, it effectively functions as an infinite poo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Transition metal nitroso complexes are coordination complexes containing one or more organonitroso ligands (RNO). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An old standing dynamic problem is how DNA "self-replication" takes place in living cells that should involve transient uncoiling of supercoiled DNA fibers. Although DNA consists of relatively rigid, very large elongated biopolymer molecules called fibers or chains (that are made of repeating nucleotide units of four b... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The termination of translation requires coordination between release factor proteins, the mRNA sequence, and ribosomes. Once a termination codon is read, release factors RF-1, RF-2, and RF-3 contribute to the hydrolysis of the growing polypeptide, which terminates the chain. Bases downstream the stop codon affect the a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are at least four families of chromatin remodelers in eukaryotes: SWI/SNF, ISWI, NuRD/Mi-2/CHD, and INO80 with first two remodelers being very well studied so far, especially in the yeast model. Although all of remodelers share common ATPase domain, their functions are specific based on several biological proces... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the laboratory, triflic acid is useful in protonations because the conjugate base of triflic acid is nonnucleophilic. It is also used as an acidic titrant in nonaqueous acid-base titration because it behaves as a strong acid in many solvents (acetonitrile, acetic acid, etc.) where common mineral acids (such as HCl o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the study of metallomes the transcriptome, proteome and the metabolome constitutes the whole metallome. A study of the metallome is done to arrive at the metallointeractome. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bioremediation is a waste removal method that uses microorganisms to degrade or remove wastes like organic waste and heavy metal from contaminated sites including both soil and water. The advantages of bioremediation are that it is environment-friendly, inexpensive and can remove multiple wastes simultaneously comparin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Only a few lists of information will be output from a calculation, in general. For the ions, the position, velocity and net force on each ion are recorded at each step. For electrons, the guess as to the electronic state function may be recorded as well. Finally, the total energy of the system is recorded. From the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Being a major hotspots of biodiversity, coral reefs are very important to the ecosystem and livelihood of marine and human life. Countries around the world depend on reefs as a source of food and income, especially for civilizations that inhabit small islands. With over a 60% decrease in available fishing around coral ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The natural bite angle (β) of diphosphines, obtained using molecular mechanics calculations, is defined as the preferred chelation angle determined only by ligand backbone and not by metal valence angles (Figure 3).
Both steric bite angle effect and the electronic bite angle effects are recognized. The steric bite angl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Society of Chemical Industry (America Section) is a registered nonprofit organization, with administrative offices in Philadelphia, PA. SCI America is directed by a set of officers including a chair and vice-chair, and an executive committee. Frank Bozich, President and Chief Executive Officer of [https://www.trins... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Proteins have many different functions in a cell and the function may vary based on the polypeptides they interact with and their cellular environment. Chaperone proteins work to stabilize newly synthesized proteins. They ensure the new protein folds into its correct functional conformation in addition to making sure p... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Xylenes are produced by the methylation of toluene and benzene. Commercial or laboratory-grade xylene produced usually contains about 40–65% of m-xylene and up to 20% each of o-xylene, p-xylene and ethylbenzene. The ratio of isomers can be shifted to favor the highly valued p-xylene via the patented UOP-Isomar process ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*[http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ac00053a012 Separation of amino acid homopolymers by capillary gel electrophoresis].
*[https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ac50042a043 Retention indices for programmed-temperature capillary-column gas chromatography of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons].
*[https://www.nature.com/ar... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Another Henry's law solubility constant is:
Here is the molar mixing ratio in the aqueous phase. For a dilute aqueous solution the conversion between and is:
where is the density of water and is the molar mass of water. Thus
The SI unit for is Pa, although atm is still frequently used. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Swedish law required bars of iron to have the forges mark stamped into it for quality control reasons. In Britain, the iron was known by these marks', and the quality of each brand was well-known to the buyers in London, Sheffield, Birmingham and elsewhere. It was divided into two grades:
* First oregrounds came from ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hitchins helped to determine the atomic weight of lead based on measurements of radioactive ores, work that was important in developing an understanding of isotopes. The samples of distilled lead which Hitchins prepared from Ceylon thorite were used by Frederick Soddy and supplied by him to Otto Hönigschmid, who did im... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are about 2 dozen computational NMR services available that can be divided into:
* Processing: MDD NMR
* Assignment: Auto Assign • MARS • UNIO
* Analysis: TALOS+ • AnisoFIT • MaxOcc • iCing
* Structure Calculation: CS-ROSETTA • CYANA • UNIO • Xplor-NIH
* Molecular Dynamics: AMBER • GROMACS
* Modelling: 3D... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
He enrolled in the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) in Zurich to study chemistry and received his diploma in 1957 as a “Diplomierter Ingenieur Chemiker. He was disappointed in the course content, so conducted further research and taught himself quantum mechanics and thermodynamics in his spare time. After a b... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In isentropic flow the ratio of total pressure to static pressure is given by:
where:
is total pressure
is static pressure
is the ratio of specific heats<br />
is the freestream Mach number
Taking to be 1.4, and since
Expressing the incompressible dynamic pressure as and expanding by the binomial series gives:
... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Solid ceramic electrolytes – ions migrate through the ceramic phase by means of vacancies or interstitials within the lattice. There are also glassy-ceramic electrolytes. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
He was a Fellow of The American Physical Society and American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a John Simon Guggenheim Fellow and had been a visiting professor at the University of Paris in Sorbonne. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Emerson Cavitation Tunnel is a propeller testing facility that is part of the School of Engineering at Newcastle University. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The DNA of one organism is labelled, then mixed with the unlabelled DNA to be compared against. The mixture is incubated to allow DNA strands to dissociate and then cooled to form renewed hybrid double-stranded DNA. Hybridized sequences with a high degree of similarity will bind more firmly, and require more energy to ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Carbon-neutral fuel is fuel which produces no net-greenhouse gas emissions or carbon footprint. In practice, this usually means fuels that are made using carbon dioxide (CO) as a feedstock. Proposed carbon-neutral fuels can broadly be grouped into synthetic fuels, which are made by chemically hydrogenating carbon dioxi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The activity of malate–aspartate shuttle is modulated by arginine methylation of malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1). Protein arginine N-methyltransferase CARM1 methylates and inhibits MDH1 by disrupting its dimerization, which represses malate–aspartate shuttle and inhibits mitochondria respiration of pancreatic cancer cell... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The essence of NSOM/FTIR is that it allows the detection of non-propagating evanescent waves in the near-field (less than one wavelength from the sample), thus yielding high spatial resolution. Depending on the detection modes of these non-propagating evanescent waves, two NSOM/FTIR instrumentations are available: aper... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Geophysical fluid dynamics, in its broadest meaning, refers to the fluid dynamics of naturally occurring flows, such as lava flows, oceans, and planetary atmospheres, on Earth and other planets.
Two physical features that are common to many of the phenomena studied in geophysical fluid dynamics are rotation of the flui... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In general, igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary processes do not appear to strongly fractionate Cu isotopes, while δCu values of Cu minerals vary widely. The average Cu isotopic composition of bulk silicate Earth has been measured as 0.06 ± 0.20‰ based on 132 different terrestrial samples. MORBs and oceanic island bas... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Carbon-14 is produced in the upper troposphere and the stratosphere by thermal neutrons absorbed by nitrogen atoms. When cosmic rays enter the atmosphere, they undergo various transformations, including the production of neutrons. The resulting neutrons (n) participate in the following n-p reaction (p is proton):
: + n... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Beilby Medal and Prize is awarded annually to a scientist or engineer for work that has exceptional practical significance in chemical engineering, applied materials science, energy efficiency or a related field. The prize is jointly administered by the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining, the Royal Society... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A meter is a thermodynamic system which displays some aspect of its thermodynamic state to the observer. The nature of its contact with the system it is measuring can be controlled, and it is sufficiently small that it does not appreciably affect the state of the system being measured. The theoretical thermometer descr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is common to model such a network with a set of coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) or SDEs, describing the reaction kinetics of the constituent parts. Suppose that our regulatory network has nodes, and let represent the concentrations of the corresponding substances at time . Then the temporal evoluti... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An ideal Fermi gas or free Fermi gas is a physical model assuming a collection of non-interacting fermions in a constant potential well. Fermions are elementary or composite particles with half-integer spin, thus follow Fermi–Dirac statistics. The equivalent model for integer spin particles is called the Bose gas (an e... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Creating a CCP involves three steps: initiation, multiplication and mixture. The population then goes into the maintenance phase. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Gamma spectroscopy systems are selected to take advantage of several performance characteristics. Two of the most important include detector resolution and detector efficiency. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Achiral components may form a chiral arrangement. In this case, chirality is not an intrinsic property of the components, but rather imposed extrinsically by their relative positions and orientations. This concept is typically applied to experimental arrangements, for example, an achiral (meta)material illuminated by a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Following their development of Au-catalyzed Conia-ene reactions, Toste and coworkers employed such a transformation toward the alkaloid natural product lycopladine A. Starting from chiral cyclohexenone 1, a series of enone functionalizations gave silyl enol ether 2 as the Conia-ene precursor. To effect cyclization, 2 w... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ferritin is a universal intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion. The protein is produced by almost all living organisms, including archaea, bacteria, algae, higher plants, and animals. It is the primary intracellular iron-storage protein in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, keeping... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Aluminium-based nanogalvanic alloys were discovered by researchers of the Metals Branch of ARL's Weapons and Materials Research Directorate (WMRD) of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) in the early 2010s during testing of a new nanostructured aluminium alloy intended for structural materials applications. During ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The magnetic moment of a gyrating particle is
which respects special relativity. is the relativistic Lorentz factor, is the rest mass, is the velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field, and is the magnitude of the magnetic field.
is a constant of the motion to all orders in an expansion in , where is the rate ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Starting with a biological question, a ChIP-on-chip experiment can be divided into three major steps: The first is to set up and design the experiment by selecting the appropriate array and probe type. Second, the actual experiment is performed in the wet-lab. Last, during the dry-lab portion of the cycle, gathered dat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The equation for an incompressible Newtonian Stokes flow can be solved by the stream function method in planar or in 3-D axisymmetric cases | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Wender Taxol total synthesis in organic chemistry describes a Taxol total synthesis (one of six to date) by the group of Paul Wender at Stanford University published in 1997. This synthesis has much in common with the Holton Taxol total synthesis in that it is a linear synthesis starting from a naturally occurring comp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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