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CKIδ activity is implicated in mitosis and in response to DNA damage. During interphase, CKIδ associates with the Golgi Apparatus and appears to regulate the budding of clathrin coated vesicles from the TGN; it also appears to associate with tubulin. While undamaged mitotic cells shows no CKIδ association with tubulin,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The standards are listed in . Primary standards are designed to protect human health, with an adequate margin of safety, including sensitive populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals suffering from respiratory diseases. Secondary standards are designed to protect public welfare, damage to property, t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Shakiness
* Dry cough
* Dizziness and light-headedness due to low blood pressure
* Fatigue, especially in the early stages
* Mouth dryness in the early stages
* Nausea
* Fainting
* Signs of infection (e.g., fever, chills, persistent sore throat)
* Chest pain
* Neutropenia (low white blood cells)
* Impotence (erectile... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This pathway is a part of the glutamate family of amino acid biosynthetic pathways. The reaction steps in the pathway are similar to the citric acid cycle.
The first step in the pathway is condensation of acetyl-CoA with α-ketoglutarate, which gives homocitrate. This reaction is catalyzed by homocitrate synthase. Homoc... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Pewter, being a softer material, can be manipulated in various ways such as being cast, hammered, turned, spun and engraved.
Given that pewter is soft at room temperature, a pewter bell does not ring clearly. Cooling it in liquid nitrogen hardens it and enables it to ring, but also makes it more brittle. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An optode requires three components to function: a chemical that responds to an analyte, a polymer to immobilise the chemical transducer and instrumentation (optical fibre, light source, detector and other electronics). Optodes usually have the polymer matrix coated onto the tip of an optical fibre, but in the case of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Kuhn length is a theoretical treatment, developed by Werner Kuhn, in which a real polymer chain is considered as a collection of Kuhn segments each with a Kuhn length . Each Kuhn segment can be thought of as if they are freely jointed with each other. Each segment in a freely jointed chain can randomly orient in a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A conventional pollutant is a term used in the USA to describe a water pollutant that is amenable to treatment by a municipal sewage treatment plant. A basic list of conventional pollutants is defined in the U.S. Clean Water Act. The list has been amended in regulations issued by the Environmental Protection Agency:
*... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bromocresol green (BCG) is a dye of the triphenylmethane family (triarylmethane dyes). It belongs to a class of dyes called sulfonephthaleins. It is used as a pH indicator in applications such as growth mediums for microorganisms and titrations. In clinical practise, it is commonly used as a diagnostic technique. The m... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Omics based methods use omics technologies, such as chemoproteomics, reverse genetics and genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, to identify the potential targets of the compound of interest. Reverse genetics and genomics approaches, for instance, uses genetic perturbation (e.g. CRISPR-Cas9 or siRNA) in combination... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Usually the endosymbiosis event is considered to have occurred in the Archaeplastida, within which the glaucophyta being the possible earliest diverging lineage. The glaucophyte chloroplast group is the smallest of the three primary chloroplast lineages, being found in only 13 species, and is thought to be the one that... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ethylene oxide is widely used to generate detergents and surfactants by ethoxylation. Its hydrolysis affords ethylene glycol. It is also used for sterilisation of medical instruments and materials.
The reaction of epoxides with amines is the basis for the formation of epoxy glues and structural materials. A typical ami... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Phosphagen System (ATP-PCr) occurs in the cytosol (a gel-like substance) of the sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle, and in the myocyte's cytosolic compartment of the cytoplasm of cardiac and smooth muscle.
During muscle contraction:
:HO + ATP → H + ADP + P (Mg assisted, utilization of ATP for Muscle contraction by ATPa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Deviation from the experiment is not recommended, and has been linked with accidents. Candy with low moisture content or high surface area may cause explosions. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Careful and well informed writers about thermodynamics, in their accounts of thermodynamic equilibrium, often enough make provisos or reservations to their statements. Some writers leave such reservations merely implied or more or less unstated.
For example, one widely cited writer, H. B. Callen writes in this context:... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The most common application for an air-mixing plenum is the mixing of return air (or extract air) with fresh air to provide a supply air mixture for onward distribution to the building or area which the ventilation system is serving. The air transferred from the return air stream to the supply air stream is termed reci... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Scientists use OVERFLOW to better understand the aerodynamic forces on a vehicle by evaluating the flowfield surrounding the vehicle. While wind tunnel testing provides limited data at many flow conditions, CFD simulations provide detailed information about selected conditions, and also provide a distribution of forces... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The HIV-1 integrase (IN) is a key enzyme in the replication mechanism of retroviruses. It is responsible for the transfer of virally encoded DNA into the host chromosome which is a necessary event in retroviral replication. Since IN has no equivalent in the host cell, integrase inhibitors have a high therapeutic index ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A ribosome binding site, or ribosomal binding site (RBS), is a sequence of nucleotides upstream of the start codon of an mRNA transcript that is responsible for the recruitment of a ribosome during the initiation of translation. Mostly, RBS refers to bacterial sequences, although internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) ha... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Isolated restriction enzymes are used to manipulate DNA for different scientific applications.
They are used to assist insertion of genes into plasmid vectors during gene cloning and protein production experiments. For optimal use, plasmids that are commonly used for gene cloning are modified to include a short polylin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The use of micelles in high performance liquid chromatography was first introduced by Armstrong and Henry in 1980. The technique is used mainly to enhance retention and selectivity of various solutes that would otherwise be inseparable or poorly resolved. Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) has been used in a variet... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The theoretical SV of a pure triglyceride molecule can be calculated by the following equation (where MW is its molecular weight):
:where:
:3 is the number of fatty acids residues per triglyceride
:1000 is the conversion factor for milligrams to grams
:56.1 is the molar mass of KOH.
For instance, triolein, a triglycer... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Magnetometers based on helium-4 excited to its metastable triplet state thanks to a plasma discharge have been developed in the 1960s and 70s by Texas Instruments, then by its spinoff Polatomic, and from late 1980s by CEA-Leti. The latter pioneered a configuration which cancels the dead-zones, which are a recurrent pro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Double-acting cylinders (DAC) use the force of air to move in both extend and retract strokes. They have two ports to allow air in, one for outstroke and one for instroke. Stroke length for this design is not limited, however, the piston rod is more vulnerable to buckling and bending. Additional calculations should be ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Being the conjugate base of a strong acid (sulfuric acid), sulfate is not basic. It is more commonly a counterion in coordination chemistry. Tuttons salts, with the formula MM(SO)(HO) (M' = K, etc.; M = Fe, etc.), illustrate the ability of water to outcompete sulfate as a ligand for M. Similarly alums, such as chrome a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The velocity can be expressed in terms of the stream function as
where is the rotation matrix corresponding to a anticlockwise rotation about the positive axis. Solving the above equation for produces the equivalent form
From these forms it is immediately evident that the vectors and are
* perpendicular:
* o... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) provides clinical guidance for preparing a subject for RMR measures, in order to mitigate possible confounding factors from feeding, stressful physical activities, or exposure to stimulants such as caffeine or nicotine:
Further, the correct use of a well-maintained indirect ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
PBr evolves corrosive HBr, which is toxic, and reacts violently with water and alcohols.
:PBr + 3 HO → HPO + 3 HBr
In reactions that produce phosphorous acid as a by-product, when working up by distillation be aware that this can decompose above about 160 °C to give phosphine which can cause explosions in contact with ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The stable compound cyanamide, whose minor tautomer is carbodiimide, is an isomer of diazomethane. Less stable but still isolable isomers of diazomethane include the cyclic 3H-diazirine and isocyanoamine (isodiazomethane). In addition, the parent nitrilimine has been observed under matrix isolation conditions.
<br /> | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Physical properties of interest to materials science among perovskites include superconductivity, magnetoresistance, ionic conductivity, and a multitude of dielectric properties, which are of great importance in microelectronics and telecommunication. They are also some interests for scintillator as they have large lig... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The difficulty in the production of heavy Rydberg systems arises in finding an energetic pathway by which a molecule can be excited with just the right energy to form an ion pair, without sufficient internal energy to cause autodissociation (a process analogous to autoionization in atoms) or rapid dissociation due to c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The text is attributed to Zheng Yin, an alchemist from the 3rd century who purportedly taught Ge Hong, but the bulk of the text appears to have been written during the 9th century. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The post-bioprinting process is necessary to create a stable structure from the biological material. If this process is not well-maintained, the mechanical integrity and function of the 3D printed object is at risk. To maintain the object, both mechanical and chemical stimulations are needed. These stimulations send si... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Charge-transfer interactions are also important in protein stabilization and surface interaction. In general donor-acceptor processes, one can think of excess electron density being present which can be donated to an electrophilic species. In aqueous media, these solute interactions are primarily due to pi orbital el... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The BET theory can be derived similarly to the Langmuir theory, but by considering multilayered gas molecule adsorption, where it is not required for a layer to be completed before an upper layer formation starts. Furthermore, the authors made five assumptions:
# Adsorptions occur only on well-defined sites of the samp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Mutations in fumarate hydratase are found among patients suffering from kidney cancers, and mutations in succinate dehydrogenase were found in patients with pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas. These mutations cause a disruption of the TCA cycle with the accumulation of fumarate or succinate, both of which can inhibit ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In addition to numerous treatises in the Annales de Chimie et de Physique, he published Traité de chimie générale (7 vols., 3rd ed. 1862-65). The Encyclopédie Chimique, a work in 10 volumes, upon which he was engaged for thirteen years, was prepared by him in collaboration with several other scientists, and was complet... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In condensed matter physics and crystallography, the static structure factor (or structure factor for short) is a mathematical description of how a material scatters incident radiation. The structure factor is a critical tool in the interpretation of scattering patterns (interference patterns) obtained in X-ray, electr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
These contrasting effects reveal the importance of the endocannabinoid system in regulating anxiety-dependent behavior. Results suggest that glutamatergic cannabinoid receptors are not only responsible for mediating aggression, but produce an anxiolytic-like function by inhibiting excessive arousal: excessive excitatio... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many different affinity media exist for a variety of possible uses.
Briefly, they are (generalized) activated/functionalized that work as a functional spacer, support matrix, and eliminates handling of toxic reagents.
Amino acid media is used with a variety of serum proteins, proteins, peptides, and enzymes, as well as... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Mecillinam is used in the treatment of infections due to susceptible gram-negative bacteria, especially urinary tract infections which are most commonly caused by Escherichia coli. Mecillinam is active against most pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some species of Proteus. Several stu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Organic nitrites are prepared from alcohols and sodium nitrite in sulfuric acid solution. They decompose slowly on standing, the decomposition products being oxides of nitrogen, water, the alcohol, and polymerization products of the aldehyde. They are also prone to undergo homolytic cleavage to form alkyl radicals, th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
HABs contain dense concentrations of organisms and appear as discolored water, often reddish-brown in color. It is a natural phenomenon, but the exact cause or combination of factors that result in a HAB event are not necessarily known. However, three key natural factors are thought to play an important role in a bloom... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Organic selenocyanates are organoselenium compounds with the general formula RSeCN. They are generally colorless, air-stable solids or liquids with repulsive odors. In terms of structure, synthesis, and reactivity, selenocyanates and thiocyanates behave similarly. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160325031419/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gflKaMBrG-o]El Segundo Wind Tunnel, 9/2007 | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Alternative splicing is one of the most important components that show functional complexity of genome. Modified splicing has significant effect on the phenotype that is relevance to disease or drug metabolism. A change in splicing can be caused by modifying any of the components of the splicing machinery such as splic... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A water distribution system consists of pipelines, storage facilities, pumps, and other accessories.
Pipelines laid within public right of way called water mains are used to transport water within a distribution system. Large diameter water mains called primary feeders are used to connect between water treatment plants... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Peter Armbruster (born 25 July 1931) is a German physicist at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) facility in Darmstadt, Germany, and is credited with co-discovering elements 107 (bohrium), 108 (hassium), 109 (meitnerium), 110 (darmstadtium), 111 (roentgenium), and 112 (copernicium) with research partner Go... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Single-molecule techniques impacted optics, electronics, biology, and chemistry. In the biological sciences, the study of proteins and other complex biological machinery was limited to ensemble experiments that nearly made impossible the direct observation of their kinetics. For example, it was only after single mole... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Pacey, A. J. & Fisher, S. J. (1967) "Daniel Bernoulli and the vis viva of compressed air", The British Journal for the History of Science 3 (4), p. 388–392,
* British Transport Commission (1957) Handbook for Railway Steam Locomotive Enginemen, London : B.T.C., p. 81, (facsimile copy publ. Ian Allan (1977), ) | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Copy number analysis is the process of analyzing data produced by a test for DNA copy number variation in an organism's sample. One application of such analysis is the detection of chromosomal copy number variation that may cause or may increase risks of various critical disorders. Copy number variation can be detected... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
N-Sulfinyl imines (N-sulfinylimines, sulfinimines, thiooxime S-oxides) are a class of imines bearing a sulfinyl group attached to nitrogen. These imines display useful stereoselectivity reactivity and due to the presence of the chiral electron withdrawing N-sulfinyl group. They allow 1,2-addition of organometallic reag... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Heat cramps, a type of heat illness, are muscle spasms that result from loss of large amount of salt and water through exercise. Heat cramps are associated with cramping in the abdomen, arms and calves. This can be caused by inadequate consumption of fluids or electrolytes. Heavy sweating causes heat cramps, especially... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As described in the applications section, spectrophotometry can be used in both qualitative and quantitative analysis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Qualitative analysis can be used and spectrophotometers are used to record spectra of compounds by scanning broad wavelength regions to determine the absorbance properties (th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The methylation of certain CpG clusters (i.e. DNA areas high in cytosine and guanine) regulate the transcriptional activity of nearby genes. That is, the methylation of a cluster(s) regulates its nearby gene by blocking it from making mRNAs and thereby the proteins encoded by these mRNAs. Studies find that the CMTM5 ge... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
geWorkbench (genomics Workbench) is an open-source software platform for integrated genomic data analysis. It is a desktop application written in the programming language Java. geWorkbench uses a component architecture. , there are more than 70 plug-ins available, providing for the visualization and analysis of gene e... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In chemistry, a sulfilimine (or sulfimide) is a type of chemical compound containing a sulfur-to-nitrogen bond which is often represented as a double bond (). In fact, a double bond violates the octet rule, and the bond may be considered a single bond with a formal charge of +1 on the sulfur and a formal charge of −1 o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An important early contribution was made by Pierre Prevost in 1791. Prevost considered that what is nowadays called the photon gas or electromagnetic radiation was a fluid that he called "free heat". Prevost proposed that free radiant heat is a very rare fluid, rays of which, like light rays, pass through each other wi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*Feedstock
**Microbial oil
***Oleaginous microorganism
**Palm oil
**Soybean oil
**Coconut oil
**Vegetable fats and oils
**Jatropha
**Animal fat
**Waste oil
Common feedstock used in biodiesel production include:
*Yellow grease (recycled vegetable oil)
*Vegetable oil fuel
*Tallow
Lignocellulose generates byproducts that ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Levonorgestrel is a weak agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the main biological target of the androgen sex hormone testosterone. It is a weakly androgenic progestin and in women may cause androgenic biochemical changes and side effects such as decreased sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, decreased cholest... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Snow and ice sublime gradually at temperatures below the solid-liquid boundary (melting point) (generally 0 °C), and at partial pressures below the triple point pressure of , at a low rate. In freeze-drying, the material to be dehydrated is frozen and its water is allowed to sublime under reduced pressure or vacuum. Th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Huang joined the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955. In 1958, he responded to the demand of Chinese defense industry, stopped his established organic natural product research work and pursued research in the field of organofluorine chemistry. Under his leadership, the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Iminium ions are potent electrophiles useful for generating C-C bonds in complex molecules. However, the condensation of amines with carbonyl compounds to form iminium ions is often unfavorable, sometimes requiring harsh dehydrating conditions. Thus, alternative methods for iminium ion generation, particularly by oxida... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The European Coil Coating Association (ECCA) is an international non-profit association dedicated to the diffusion of the use of coil and/or sheet coated metal. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Each element has a specific set of chemical properties as a consequence of the number of electrons present in the neutral atom, which is Z (the atomic number). The configuration of these electrons follows from the principles of quantum mechanics. The number of electrons in each elements electron shells, particularly th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The first SGS model developed was the Smagorinsky–Lilly SGS model, which was developed by Smagorinsky and used in the first LES simulation by Deardorff. It models the eddy viscosity as:
where is the grid size and is a constant.
This method assumes that the energy production and dissipation of the small scales are in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Extrusion-based printing is a very common technique within the field of 3D printing which entails extruding, or forcing, a continuous stream of melted solid material or viscous liquid through a sort of orifice, often a nozzle or syringe. When it comes to extrusion based bioprinting, there are four main types of extrusi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
CDE is defined by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission in Title 10, Section 20.1003, of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR 20.1003), such that "The Committed dose equivalent, CDE (H,50) is the dose to some specific organ or tissue of reference (T) that will be received from an intake of radioactive mate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The use of thermal mass is the most challenging in this environment where night temperatures remain elevated. Its use is primarily as a temporary heat sink. However, it needs to be strategically located to prevent overheating. It should be placed in an area that is not directly exposed to solar gain and also allows ade... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Similar to the dissection procedure, animals are injected with a low dose of a radiolabelled compound. At the chosen time points after injection, PET or SPECT images are acquired, typically also a CT or MR image for anatomical reference. The radioactivity concentration is measured from the PET or SPECT images for the v... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Atmospheric dispersion, or diffusion, studies how pollutants are mixed in the environment. There are many factors included in this modeling process, such as which level of atmosphere(s) the mixing is taking place, the stability of the environment and what type of contaminant and source is being mixed. The Eulerian and ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Rather than using cylindrical rotors, spinning spheres can be spun stably at the magic angle, which can be used to increase the filling factor of the coils, hence improve the sensitivity. Magic angle spinning spheres allow stable MAS with faster spinning rates. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Certain species of hornwort are the only land plants which are known to have a biophysical CCM involving concentration of carbon dioxide within pyrenoids in their chloroplasts. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The following table lists pharmaceuticals that have been available in both racemic and single-enantiomer form. These single-enantiomer drug switched from the respective racemic drug are referred to as chiral switch.
The following are cases where the individual enantiomers have markedly different effects:
*Thalidomide: ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hydrogenography is a combinatorial method based on the observation of optical changes on the metal surface by hydrogen absorption. The method allows the examination of thousands of combinations of alloy samples in a single batch. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gastrointestinal organoids refer to organoids that recapitulate structures of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract arises from the endoderm, which during development forms a tube that can be divided in three distinct regions, which give rise to, along with other organs, the following sections of the g... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To help mitigate inbreeding depression for two endangered species, the Black-footed ferret(Mustela nigripes), Revive & Restore facilitates on-going efforts to clone individuals from historic cell lines stored at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance Frozen Zoo. The program seeks to restore genetic variation lost from the... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Saccharides are a food source rich in energy. Large polymers such as starch are partially hydrolyzed in the mouth by the enzyme amylase before being cleaved further into sugars. Many mammals have seen great expansions in the copy number of the amylase gene. These duplications allow for the pancreatic amylase AMY2 to re... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As an actor, he played minor roles with Yvonne De Carlo in Ride the Pink Horse (1947), River Lady (1948) and Black Bart (1948).
He died in Los Angeles on 4 July 2002 at aged 90. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The de Broglie wavelength of ions used in LEIS experiments is given as . Using a worst-case value of 500 eV for an He ion, we see λ is still only 0.006 Å, still well below the typical interatomic spacing of 2-3 Å. Because of this, the effects of diffraction are not significant in a normal LEIS experiment. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A main difficulty of DHR research and weak point of the p-i concept is the fact that it is cumbersome to demonstrate a p-i reactivity – namely that the T cell stimulation occurred due to non-covalent drug binding to immune receptors. In principle, a T cell mediated DHR was explained by p-i if the drug binding to the im... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hahn's 1950 paper showed that another method for generating spin echoes is to apply three successive 90° pulses. After the first 90° pulse, the magnetization vector spreads out as described above, forming what can be thought of as a "pancake" in the x-y plane. The spreading continues for a time , and then a second 90° ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The 2005 edition replaces their previous recommendations Nomenclature The Red Book of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 1990 (Red Book I), and "where appropriate" (sic) Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry II, IUPAC Recommendations 2000 (Red Book II).
The recommendations take up over 300 pages and the full text... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics is a prize that has been awarded annually by the American Physical Society since 1977. The recipient is chosen for "notable contributions to the field of molecular spectroscopy and dynamics". The prize is named after Earle K. Plyler, who was a leading ex... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The gene early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) is an immediate early gene (IEG). EGR1 can rapidly be induced by neuronal activity. The defining characteristic of IEGs is the rapid and transient up-regulation—within minutes—of their mRNA levels independent of protein synthesis. In adulthood, EGR1 is expressed widely th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This stage, in which pancreatic enzymes are administered, can be useful in identifying patients with pancreatic insufficiency. The physician will give 3 days of pancreatic enzymes followed by repeating the test to check if radio-labeled Vitamin B12 would be detected in urine. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Gain of function mutation was first discovered in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC). This disease is characteristic with its symptoms as persistent infections of the skin, mucosae - oral or genital and nails infections caused by Candida, mostly Candida albicans. CMC may very often result from primar... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Because of its fast growth, Eucalyptus occidentalis was mostly used in the past. However, some scientific studies have had better results with Eucalyptus sargentii.
Overall, any drought-hardy species are suitable, such as tamarind, acacia, prosopis, pistachio, eucalyptus, date palm and carob. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A magnetic field can also be used to focus charged particles. The Lorentz force acting on the electron is perpendicular to both the direction of motion and to the direction of the magnetic field (vxB). A homogeneous field deflects charged particles, but does not focus them. The simplest magnetic lens is a donut-shaped ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The phenomenon of macromolecular crowding alters the properties of molecules in a solution when high concentrations of macromolecules such as proteins are present. Such conditions occur routinely in living cells; for instance, the cytosol of Escherichia coli contains about 300– of macromolecules. Crowding occurs since ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cerium-doped lutetium aluminum perovskite (LuAP:Ce) single crystals were reported. The main property of those crystals is a large mass density of 8.4 g/cm, which gives short X- and gamma-ray absorption length. The scintillation light yield and the decay time with Cs radiation source are 11,400 photons/MeV and 17 ns, re... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
If an irrotational flow occupies a simply-connected fluid region then there exists a scalar field such that
The scalar field is called the velocity potential for the flow. (See Irrotational vector field.) | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although some control exists at the transcriptional level, the regulation of cellular iron levels is ultimately controlled at the translational level by iron-responsive element-binding proteins IRP1 and especially IRP2. When iron levels are low, these proteins are able to bind to iron-responsive elements (IREs). IREs a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Caspian Sea region presently is a significant, but not major, supplier of crude oil to world markets, based upon estimates by BP Amoco and the U.S. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. The region output about 1.4–1.5 million barrels per day plus natural gas liquids in 2001, 1.9% of total wo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061110071206/http://www.neuro.wustl.edu/neuromuscular/pathol/lipofuscin.htm Histology at neuro.wustl.edu]
*[http://www.fightaging.org/archives/001624.php Destroying Lipofuscin and Destroying Cancer, FightAging.org]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205135327/http://www.acceleratingfutur... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In molecular biology, subcloning is a technique used to move a particular DNA sequence from a parent vector to a destination vector.
Subcloning is not to be confused with molecular cloning, a related technique. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee is responsible for providing human gene naming guidelines and approving new, unique human gene names and symbols (short identifiers typically created by abbreviating). For some nonhuman species, model organism databases serve as central repositories of guidelines and help resources,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fast endophilin-mediated endocytosis (FEME) is an endocytic pathway found in eukaryotic cells. It requires the activity of endophilins as well as dynamins, but does not require clathrin.
In Clathrin-dependent endocytic pathways, endosomes budding from the cell membrane into the cell will form in clathrin pits, and be c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
PCLake is designed to study the effects of eutrophication on shallow lakes and ponds. On one hand, the model is used by scientists to study the general behavior of these ecosystems. For example, PCLake is used to understand the phenomena of alternative stable states and hysteresis, and in that light, the relative impor... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Coelenteramine is a metabolic product of the bioluminescent reactions in organisms that utilize coelenterazine. It was first isolated from Aequorea victoria along with coelenteramide after coelenterates were stimulated to emit light. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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