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Suppose we had another wonderful TED event next week. | נניח שהיה לנו עוד ארוע TED נפלא בשבוע הבא, | en-he |
And during the break there would be a snack and you could choose bananas or chocolate. | Ve aralarda atıştırmalıklar olacak ve sizler muz ya da çikolata yemeyi seçeceksiniz. | en-tr |
How many of you think you would like to have bananas during this hypothetical TED event next week? | Колкумина од вас мислат дека би избрале банана за време на замислениот TED настан идната седмица? | en-mk |
Who would go for bananas? | من سيختار الموز؟ | en-ar |
Wonderful. | Fantastico! | en-it |
I predict scientifically 74 percent of you will go for bananas. | 我从科学角度预计 你们当中有74%的人会选择香蕉。 | en-zh-cn |
Well that's at least what one wonderful study predicted. | حسنا ذلك ما توقعته على الأقل دراسة واحدة رائعة. | en-ar |
And then count down the days and see what people ended up eating. | Ma poi aspettate di arrivare a quel momento e andate a vedere quale sarà la scelta della gente. | en-it |
The same people that imagined themselves eating the bananas ended up eating chocolates a week later. | 那些想象着自己 吃香蕉的人 一周之后 吃的都是巧克力。 | en-zh-cn |
Self-control is not a problem in the future. | 自控能力 不是未来的一个问题 | en-zh-cn |
It's only a problem now when the chocolate is next to us. | Es un problema ahora cuando el chocolate está frente a nosotros. | en-es |
What does it have to do with time and savings, this issue of immediate gratification? | O que é que este assunto de gratificação imediata tem a ver com tempo e poupanças? | en-pt |
Or as some economists call it, present bias. | 或者就像一些經濟學家所講的，現在狀態的偏見 | en-zh-tw |
We think about saving. We know we should be saving. | Noi pensiamo al risparmio. Sappiamo che dovremmo risparmiare. | en-it |
We know we'll do it next year, but today let us go and spend. | Мы знаем, что мы будем это делать в следующем году, но сегодня мы пойдем и всё потратим. | en-ru |
Christmas is coming, we might as well buy a lot of gifts for everyone we know. | کریسمس دارد می آید ، ما می توانیم همین طور کلی هدیه برای هر کسی که می شناسیم بخریم. | en-fa |
So this issue of present bias causes us to think about saving, but end up spending. | Dus deze kwestie van huidige voorkeur laat ons denken over sparen, maar we gaan geld uitgeven. | en-nl |
Let me now talk about another behavioral obstacle to saving having to do with inertia. | Позвольте мне так же рассказать о еще одном поведенческом препятствии на пути к сбережениям, которое имеет отношение к инерции. | en-ru |
But again, a little diversion to the topic of organ donation. | Dar iarăşi, o mică abatere de la subiect la subiectul donării de organe. | en-ro |
Wonderful study comparing different countries. | Een prachtige studie die verschillende landen vergelijkt. | en-nl |
We're going to look at two similar countries, Germany and Austria. | Մենք դիտարկելու ենք երկու շատ նման երկրներ՝ Գերմանիա և Ավստրիա: | en-hy |
And in Germany, if you would like to donate your organs -- God forbid something really bad happens to you -- when you get your driving license or an I.D., you check the box saying, "I would like to donate my organs." | Almanya'da eğer organlarınızı bağışlamak istiyorsanız -- Tanrı başınıza kötü bir şey gelmesinden sizi korusun-- sürücü ehliyetinizi ya da kimliğinizi alırken "Organlarımı bağışlamak istiyorum" yazan bir kutucuğu işaretliyorsunuz. | en-tr |
Not many people like checking boxes. | ไม่ค่อยมีใครชอบติ๊กหรอก | en-th |
It takes effort. You need to think. | Man muss etwas tun. Man muss nachdenken. | en-de |
Twelve percent do. | Нужно подумать. 12% так делают. | en-ru |
Austria, a neighboring country, slightly similar, slightly different. | 在邻国奥地利 情况略有相似，却也有些不同 | en-zh-cn |
What's the difference? | Ինչու՞մն է տարբերությունը: | en-hy |
Well, you still have choice. | โอเค คุณยังมีทางเลือก | en-th |
You will decide whether you want to donate your organs or not. | Anda memilih apakah Anda ingin mendonorkan organ Anda atau tidak. | en-id |
But when you get your driving license, you check the box if you do not want to donate your organ. | Но когда вы получаете водительские права, вам нужно поставить галочку, если вы не хотите быть донором. | en-ru |
Nobody checks boxes. | Никој не го пополнува полето. | en-mk |
That's kind of too much effort. | જાણે તેમાં બહુ મહેનત પડતી હોય. | en-gu |
One percent check the box. The rest do nothing. | 1% odfajkowuje, reszta nie. | en-pl |
Doing nothing is very common. | Per te mos bere asgje eshte shume e lehte. | en-sq |
Not many people check boxes. | Peu de gens cochent les cases. | en-fr |
What are the implications to saving lives and having organs available? | これが人命救助や 臓器利用を可能にすることに対して 示唆することは何でしょうか？ | en-ja |
In Germany, 12 percent check the box. | 12% Niemców odfajkowuje okienko. | en-pl |
Twelve percent are organ donors. | Dvanaest posto su donatori organa. | en-sr |
Huge shortage of organs, God forbid, if you need one. | Hatalmas szervhiány, urambocsá, ha szükség van rá. | en-hu |
In Austria, again, nobody checks the box. | في النمسا، مرة أخرى، لا أحد يضع علامة في المربع. | en-ar |
Therefore, 99 percent of people are organ donors. | Поэтому 99 процентов являются донорами органов. | en-ru |
Inertia, lack of action. | Inércia, falta de ação. | en-pt-br |
What is the default setting if people do nothing, if they keep procrastinating, if they don't check the boxes? | Was ist die Grundeinstellung, wenn die Leute nichts tun, wenn sie weiter aufschieben, ihr Kreuzchen nicht setzen? | en-de |
Very powerful. | Շատ հզոր է: | en-hy |
We're going to talk about what happens if people are overwhelmed and scared to make their 401(k) choices. | Nós vamos falar sobre o que acontece se as pessoas estão sobrecarregadas e com medo de fazer suas escolhas do plano 401(k). | en-pt-br |
Are we going to make them automatically join the plan, or are they going to be left out? | Liệu chúng ta sẽ làm cho họ tự động gia nhập kế hoạch này, hay là họ sẽ bị loại ra ngoài | en-vi |
In too many 401(k) plans, if people do nothing, it means they're not saving for retirement, if they don't check the box. | 너무나 많은 401 (k) 계획에서는, 만일 사람들이 아무것도 하지 않으면, 그것은 그들이 퇴직을 위해 돈을 모으는것이 아니라는 것을 의미합니다. 만일 그들이 박스에 체크를 하지 않으면요. | en-ko |
And checking the box takes effort. | E assinalar o quadrado requer esforço. | en-pt |
So we've chatted about a couple of behavioral challenges. | 我们已经谈及了几个行为障碍 | en-zh-cn |
One more before we flip the challenges into solutions, having to do with monkeys and apples. | עוד אחד לפני שנהפוך את האתגרים לפתרונות, קשור לקופים ותפוחים. | en-he |
No, no, no, this is a real study and it's got a lot to do with behavioral economics. | Не, не, ова е вистинска студија и таа кажува многу за економиката на однесување. | en-mk |
One group of monkeys gets an apple, they're pretty happy. | Um grupo de macacos recebe uma maçã. | en-pt |
The other group gets two apples, one is taken away. | Den anden gruppe får to æbler, et bliver taget fra dem. | en-da |
They still have an apple left. | Ils ont toujours une pomme en leur possession. | en-fr-ca |
They're really mad. | הם ממש עצבניים. | en-he |
Why have you taken our apple? | Wieso habt ihr uns den Apfel weggenommen? | en-de |
This is the notion of loss aversion. | Esta é a noção da aversão de perda. | en-pt-br |
We hate losing stuff, even if it doesn't mean a lot of risk. | Vi hader at miste ting, selvom det ikke er nogen risiko. | en-da |
You would hate to go to the ATM, take out 100 dollars and notice that you lost one of those $20 bills. | Detestaríamos ir ao multibanco, levantar 100 dólares e reparar que perdemos uma nota de 20 dólares. | en-pt |
It's very painful, even though it doesn't mean anything. | 即使这并不意味着任何事情 这还是非常令人心痛的 | en-zh-cn |
Those 20 dollars might have been a quick lunch. | آن 20 دلاری ها شاید در حد یک غذای حاضری باشند. | en-fa |
So this notion of loss aversion kicks in when it comes to savings too, because people, mentally and emotionally and intuitively frame savings as a loss because I have to cut my spending. | これが損失回避です 貯蓄の場合にもこれが絡んできます 人々は心理的にも 情緒的 本能的にも 貯蓄を損失と感じるのです なぜなら消費を抑える必要があるからです | en-ja |
So we talked about all sorts of behavioral challenges having to do with savings eventually. | Jadi di sini kita berbicara tentang berbagai macam tantangan perilaku yang berhubungan dengan menabung. | en-id |
Whether you think about immediate gratification, and the chocolates versus bananas, it's just painful to save now. | Ամեն անգամ, երբ մտածում եք անհապաղ բավականության մասին, և բանանները ընդդեմ շոկոլադի, անմիջապես խնայելը պարզապես ցավալի է դառնում: | en-hy |
It's a lot more fun to spend now. | Este mai plăcut să cheltuieşti acum. | en-ro |
We talked about inertia and organ donations and checking the box. | We hadden het over laksheid en orgaandonoren en het vakje aankruisen. | en-nl |
If people have to check a lot of boxes to join a 401(k) plan, they're going to keep procrastinating and not join. | Si les gens doivent cocher un grand nombre de boites pour adhérer à un plan épargne retraite, ils vont continuer à tergiverser et ne pas y adhérer. | en-fr |
And last, we talked about loss aversion, and the monkeys and the apples. | 그리고 마지막으로, 우리는 상실 혐오 그리고 원숭이와 사과에 대해 이야기했습니다. | en-ko |
If people frame mentally saving for retirement as a loss, they're not going to be saving for retirement. | Jika orang-orang secara mental menganggap menabung untuk masa pensiun adalah suatu kehilangan, mereka tidak akan menabung untuk masa pensiun. | en-id |
So we've got these challenges, and what Richard Thaler and I were always fascinated by -- take behavioral finance, make it behavioral finance on steroids or behavioral finance 2.0 or behavioral finance in action -- flip the challenges into solutions. | Takie wyzwania fascynowały Richarda Thalera i mnie. fascynowały Richarda Thalera i mnie. Zamieńmy finanse behawioralne na finanse behawioralne na sterydach, czyli finanse behawioralne 2.0, na żywo. Zamieńmy wyzwania w rozwiązania. | en-pl |
And we came up with an embarrassingly simple solution called Save More, not today, Tomorrow. | והגענו לפתרון מביך בפשטותו הנקרא "חסכו יותר, לא היום, מחר." | en-he |
How is it going to solve the challenges we chatted about? | Как это применимо к сложностям, о которых мы говорили ранее? | en-ru |
If you think about the problem of bananas versus chocolates, we think we're going to eat bananas next week. | 如果你想到了 香蕉还是巧克力的问题 想我们下周应该是吃香蕉 | en-zh-cn |
We think we're going to save more next year. | Nous pensons que nous allons épargner plus l'année prochaine. | en-fr |
Save More Tomorrow invites employees to save more maybe next year -- sometime in the future when we can imagine ourselves eating bananas, volunteering more in the community, exercising more and doing all the right things on the planet. | Save More Tomorrow invite les employés à épargner plus peut-être l'année prochaine - dans l'avenir quand nous pouvons nous imaginer en train de manger des bananes, de faire davantage de bénévolat dans la communauté, de faire plus d'exercice et de faire toutes les bonnes choses sur la planète. | en-fr |
Now we also talked about checking the box and the difficulty of taking action. | Beszéltünk még a kockák bejelöléséről és a cselekvés nehézségéről. | en-hu |
Save More Tomorrow makes it easy. | Ahorra Más Mañana lo hace fácil. | en-es |
It's an autopilot. | Bu bir otomatik pilot. | en-tr |
Once you tell me you would like to save more in the future, let's say every January you're going to be saving more automatically and it's going to go away from your paycheck to the 401(k) plan before you see it, before you touch it, before you get the issue of immediate gratification. | Se mi dici che vorresti risparmiare di più in futuro, diciamo che ogni gennaio risparmierai di più in modo automatico, e il prelievo dalla busta paga per il piano di previdenza avverrà senza che tu te ne accorga, prima che ti assalga il problema della gratificazione immediata. | en-it |
But what are we going to do about the monkeys and loss aversion? | Ale co z małpami i niechęcią do ponoszenia strat? | en-pl |
Next January comes and people might feel that if they save more, they have to spend less, and that's painful. | Arriva gennaio, e la gente potrebbe pensare che se risparmia di più potrà spendere di meno, e questo fa male. | en-it |
Well, maybe it shouldn't be just January. | ครับ บางทีมันอาจไม่ใช่แค่มกราคม | en-th |
Maybe we should make people save more when they make more money. | Talvez nós devêssemos fazer as pessoas pouparem mais quando elas tem mais dinheiro. | en-pt-br |
That way, when they make more money, when they get a pay raise, they don't have to cut their spending. | 這樣一來，當他們賺得更多，酬金升高時 他們將不會覺得支出被削減了 | en-zh-tw |
They take a little bit of the increase in the paycheck home and spend more -- take a little bit of the increase and put it in a 401(k) plan. | Земаат по малку од зголемувањето на платата и трошат повеќе, земаат мал дел од зголемувањето и го внесуваат во 401(к) пензиската шема. | en-mk |
So that is the program, embarrassingly simple, but as we're going to see, extremely powerful. | Pro ky eshte programi, pa por sic do te shihim me vone, jashtezakonisht i fuqishem. | en-sq |
We first implemented it, Richard Thaler and I, back in 1998. | અમે, રીચર્ડ થૅલર અને મેં, તે સહુથી પહેલી વાર તે અમલ કરી હતી છેક ૧૯૯૮માં. | en-gu |
Mid-sized company in the Midwest, blue collar employees struggling to pay their bills repeatedly told us they cannot save more right away. | Médias empresas no Midwest, empregados de colarinho azul a debaterem-se para pagar as contas, disseram-nos repetidamente que não podem poupar mais agora. | en-pt |
Saving more today is not an option. | לחסוך היום אינה אופציה. | en-he |
We invited them to save three percentage points more every time they get a pay raise. | 我々が勧めたのは 昇給の度に 貯める額を３％増やすことです | en-ja |
And here are the results. | Dan inilah hasilnya. | en-id |
We're seeing here a three and a half-year period, four pay raises, people who were struggling to save, were saving three percent of their paycheck, three and a half years later saving almost four times as much, almost 14 percent. | نرى هنا خلال مدة ثلاث سنوات ونصف، وأربع زيادات في المرتب، الأشخاص الذين كانوا يصارعون للادخار، كانوا يدخرون ثلاثة بالمئة من راتبهم، بعد ثلاث سنوات ونصف يدخرون قرابة أربعة أضعاف مثلها، قرابة 14 بالمئة. | en-ar |
And there's shoes and bicycles and things on this chart because I don't want to just throw numbers in a vacuum. | Ima cipela i bicikala i drugih stvari na ovom grafiku jer ne želim da vas samo gađam brojkama u vakuumu. | en-sr |
I want, really, to think about the fact that saving four times more is a huge difference in terms of the lifestyle that people will be able to afford. | Tôi thực sự muốn nghĩ về thực tế là tiết kiệm gấp bốn lần là một sự khác biệt khổng lồ trên phương diện lối sống mà chúng ta có khả năng làm được. | en-vi |
It's not just numbers on a piece of paper. | માત્ર કાગળપરના આંકડા નથી. | en-gu |
Whereas with saving three percent, people might have to add nice sneakers so they can walk, because they won't be able to afford anything else, when they save 14 percent they might be able to maybe have nice dress shoes to walk to the car to drive. | Hvorimod ved at spare tre procent op, har mennesker måske råd til et par fede sko så de kan gå, fordi de ikke vil have råd til noget andet, når de sparer 14 procent op er de måske i stand til at have fine sko til at gå hen til bilen med og køre. | en-da |
This is a real difference. | Este é a diferença real. | en-pt-br |
By now, about 60 percent of the large companies actually have programs like this in place. | 直到如今，大約百分之60的大企業 都有在落實類似的項目 | en-zh-tw |
It's been part of the Pension Protection Act. | Jest częścią Pension Protection Act | en-pl |
And needless to say that Thaler and I have been blessed to be part of this program and make a difference. | Et inutile de dire que Thaler et moi avons eu la chance de faire partie de ce programme et de faire une différence. | en-fr |
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