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But 94 percent said they did not, and so why do we do this still then?
하지만 94%는 그렇지 않았습니다. 그럼 왜 마이크로매니징을 하는 걸까요?
en-ko
Well, I posit that it's something really, really simple that all of us deep down inside know and have actually felt.
Je pense que c'est un phénomène vraiment très simple que nous connaissons tous sans l'avouer, et que nous avons tous éprouvé.
en-fr
So when we get hired into an organization -- it could be a club, it could be a law firm, it could be a school organization, it could be anything -- no one ever jumps to the top of the totem pole, right?
وقتی که ما به استخدام یک سازمان درمی‌آییم-- می‌تواند یک کلوپ باشد، یک موسسه حقوقی، یک موسسه آموزشی باشد، یا هر چیز دیگر-- کسی تابه‌حال ناگهان به اوج قدرت نرسیده، درست است؟
en-fa
You start at the very bottom.
你要從最基層做起。
en-zh-tw
Doing what?
Pour faire quoi ?
en-fr
Doing work.
仕事です
en-ja
You actually do the work, right?
Vous travaillez réellement, n'est-ce pas ?
en-fr
And if you're really good at doing the work, what do you get rewarded with?
ואם אתם טובים בלעשות את העבודה, איך מתגמלים אתכם?
en-he
More work, right?
Con más trabajo.
en-es
Yeah, that's right, you guys are all great micromanagers.
بله درست است، شما همگی مدیران ذره‌بینی خوبی هستید.
en-fa
(Laughter) You do more work, and then pretty soon, if you're really good at it, you do a little bit of work still, but actually, you start to manage people doing the work.
(笑聲)你要做更多工作, 接著,很快的, 如果你真的很擅長它, 你仍然要做一點工作, 但,其實,你會開始 管理做工作的人。
en-zh-tw
And if you're really good at that, what happens after that?
Et si vous êtes bon à ça, que se passe-t-il ?
en-fr
You start managing the people who manage the people doing the work, and it's at that point in time, you start to lose control over the output of your job.
Comenzarán a gestionar a las personas que gestionan a quienes hacen el trabajo. Y ése es el momento en que empiezan a perder el control sobre el resultado de su trabajo.
en-es
I've actually witnessed this firsthand.
Я прошёл через это сам.
en-ru
So, I started a company called Boxed in our garage, and this was it -- I know it doesn't seem like much -- you know, there's a pressure washer in the back -- this is "living the dream."
Я основал фирму под названием Boxed в нашем гараже, и это всё, что там было, — знаю, выглядит неказисто, с мойкой высокого давления в углу и прочим, — но это было «осуществлением мечты».
en-ru
And my wife was really proud of me when we started this, or that's what she said, she was really proud of me -- and so she would give me a hug, and I'm pretty sure she had her phone up and she was thinking, "Oh, is John from Harvard still single?"
Жена действительно гордилась мной, когда мы это затеяли, по крайней мере, она говорила, что мной гордилась. Когда она меня обнимала, я уверен, что у неё телефон был наготове и что она прикидывала: «Может, Джон из Гарварда ещё не женат?»
en-ru
It was kind of like a lemonade stand gone wrong in the beginning, but we actually went up and said mobile commerce is going to be big, and actually consumer packaged goods were going to change over time, so let's take these big, bulky packs that you don't want to lug home -- so not the two-pack of Oreo cookies but the 24-pack and not the 24-pack of toilet paper but the 48-pack -- and let's ship it to you much like a warehouse club would do except they wouldn't ship it to you.
C'était comme un stand de limonade qui dérape le premier jour. Toutefois, les affaires ont bien pris, le secteur mobile croissait et le marché des biens emballés allait évoluer avec le temps : on a pris ces énormes colis difficiles à rapporter à la maison, pas le lot de 2 paquets d'Oréos, mais celui de 24 et pas le lot de 24 rouleaux de papier toilette, celui de 48 ; et on vous les a envoyés, à la manière d'un entrepôt, sauf qu'il ne vous les envoie pas.
en-fr
So that's what we basically did.
אז זה מה שעשינו באופן בסיסי.
en-he
We had a really slow printer and what we did was actually say, "OK, this printer is taking forever, man.
저흰 아주 느린 프린터를 가지고있었습니다. 실제로 이렇게 말했었습니다. "이 프린터로는 하루종일 걸리겠다.
en-ko
Let's scribble something that would delight the customer on the back of these invoices."
不如我们在收据背后写一些 能让顾客开心的话吧。”
en-zh-cn
So we'd say, "Hey, keep smiling," you know?
Cosas como "hey, sigue sonriendo", "hey, eres genial",
en-es
"Hey, you're awesome," or, "Hey, enjoy the Doritos," or, "We love Gatorade, too."
이렇게요. "여러분은 멋저요. "라든지 "도리토스 맛있게 드세요. "나 "우리도 게토레이를 좋아해요."
en-ko
Stuff like that.
Всё в таком духе.
en-ru
And so it started breaking up the monotony of the job as well because I was picking and packing all of the boxes, and that's all you basically do for eight, nine, 10, 12 hours a day when you're sitting in the garage.
Aztán kezdett előjönni a munka egyhangúsága, Én pakoltam és csomagoltam a dobozokat egész nap, nyolc, kilenc, 10, 12 órába naponta, ameddig a garázsban ültek.
en-hu
And so an interesting thing happened.
Majd valami meglepő történt.
en-hu
So we actually started to grow.
Comenzamos a crecer.
en-es
And so, you know, over the last -- actually just even 36 months after that, we ended up selling hundreds of millions of dollars worth of stuff, and we actually grew really, really quickly.
所以,在過去—— 其實,即使是在那之後 36 個月, 我們就銷售出數億美元的東西, 我們真的成長得很快。
en-zh-tw
But during that time, my role started to change, too.
Но в то же время начала меняться и моя роль.
en-ru
So, yes, I was the CEO in the garage; I was picking and packing, doing all the work, but then I graduated to actually managing the people who picked and packed, and then pretty soon I managed the people who managed the people picking and packing.
Igen, én voltam a CEO a garázsban; áruösszekészítést, -szedést én csináltam, majd előléptem más áruszedők és -összekészítők munkája menedzserévé, majd hamarosan azokat menedzseltem, akik a menedzselőket menedzselték.
en-hu
And even now, I manage the C-staff who manage the departments who manage the people who manage the people picking and packing.
Aujourd'hui, je gère la direction qui dirige les départements qui gèrent les gens qui gèrent ceux qui reçoivent et emballent.
en-fr
And it is at that point in time, I lost control.
וזו הנקודה הזו בזמן שבה איבדתי שליטה.
en-he
So I thought, OK, we were delighting all of these customers with these notes.
Pensei: "Estávamos encantando os clientes com aquelas notas.
en-pt-br
They loved them, but I can't write these notes anymore, so you know what I'm going to do?
یادداشت‌ها را دوست داشتند، اما دیگر نمی‌توانم آن‌ها را بنویسم، پس قراراست چه کنم؟
en-fa
I'm going to tell these folks how to write these notes.
قرار است به کارکنان بگویم که چطور این یادداشت‌ها را بنویسند.
en-fa
What pen to use, what color to use, what you should write, what font you should use, don't mess up the margins, this has to be this big, this has to be that big.
어떤 펜, 어떤 색깔로 무슨 내용을 적어야하는 지 어떤 글씨체를 써야하는지 말이야. 가장자리는 남겨두고 이건 이만큼 커야하고 이건 이만큼 커야해."
en-ko
And pretty soon this goal of raising morale by breaking up the monotony in the fulfillment center actually became micromanagement, and people started complaining to HR.
그리고 얼마 지나지 않아서 일의 단조로움을 타파하면서 주문처리센터의 사기를도 높이던 행위는 마이크로매니징이 되었습니다. 사람들은 인사부에 불평하기 시작했어요.
en-ko
It's like, "Dude, this CEO guy has got to get out of my hair, OK?
« Il faut que le PDG me laisse faire mon boulot !
en-fr
(Laughter) So it was at that point in time, we said, "OK, you know?
(笑聲) 在那個時點,我們說: 「好,你知道嗎?
en-zh-tw
We hired these great, wonderful people, let's give them the mission that's 'delight the customer,' let's give them the tool to do so, and that's these notes -- have at it."
On a engagé des gens talentueux et merveilleux, offrons-leur la mission d'émerveiller le client. » Donnons-en leur les moyens et allez-y, lâchez-vous sur les petits mots !
en-fr
And so what we found was actually pretty startling.
Lo que descubrimos fue sorprendente.
en-es
Some folks actually took the notes and actually started drawing these really ornate minimurals on them.
有些人真的拿了這些字條, 且開始在上面畫一些小小的裝飾。
en-zh-tw
When folks ordered diapers, you'd get really fun notes like this: "Say 'hi' to the baby for us!"
Когда народ заказывал памперсы, на записке могло стоять: «Привет от нас малышу!»
en-ru
And you know, the next size up, if they bought a bigger size, they'd write, "Growing up so fast."
А потом, знаете, на упаковке со следующим размером им писали: «Надо же, как быстро растёт».
en-ru
And so people really, really took to it.
Люди по-настоящиму прониклись этим.
en-ru
But it was at that time that it also went off the rails a few times.
Viszont volt úgy, hogy párszor kisiklott az egész.
en-hu
And so we had someone just writing, "Thx, thx," all the time, and it's like, "Alright, dude, my boss used to write that to me," so, let's not write "Thx" anymore.
ما کسی را داشتیم که همیشه فقط می‌نوشت «مرسی، ممنون» انگار که «بسیار خب، رفیق، رئیسم عادت داشت که این را برایم بنویسد،» پس بگذار دیگر ننویسم «ممنون».
en-fa
But you also had interesting things on the other side.
但与之对立的一面 也有一些有趣的事情发生。
en-zh-cn
People got a little too creative.
人们会过于有创意。
en-zh-cn
And so, like I said before, we sell everything in bulk: the big packs of diapers, big packs of toilet paper, the big packs of Doritos and Oreo cookies.
我之前说过,我们出售的 都是大型量贩装: 大型量贩尿布,大型量贩卫生纸, 大型量贩包的玉米片和奥利奥饼干。
en-zh-cn
We also sell the big packs of contraception, and so -- this is getting a little hairy.
אנחנו גם מוכרים חבילות גדולות של אמצעי מניעה, ואז -- זה הופך להיות קצת מביך.
en-he
(Laughter) So we sell the 40-pack of condoms, right?
(خنده) ما بسته ۴۰ تایی کاندوم می‌فروشیم، خب؟
en-fa
So, someone ordered four 40-packs of condoms -- (Laughter) And that's all they ordered, so, 160 condoms, the packer was like, "I know how to delight the customer."
אז, מישהו הזמין ארבע חבילות של ארבעים קונדומים -- (צחוק) וזה כל מה שהם הזמינו, אז, 160 קונדומים, האורז חשב לעצמו, "אני יודע איך לשמח את הלקוח".
en-he
(Laughter) "This guy ..."
(笑聲) 「這個傢伙……」
en-zh-tw
This is what they wrote: [Everyone loves an optimist] (Laughter) (Applause) We didn't know whether to fire him or to promote him, but he's still there.
Ez az, amit írtak: [Az optimistát mindenki szereti] (Nevetés) (Taps) Nem tudtuk, rúgjuk-e ki vagy léptessük-e elő, de ott van még.
en-hu
So, "Everyone loves an optimist."
다행히 아직 일하고 있어요. 네, 누구나 낙천주의자를 좋아하죠.
en-ko
But here is where it went a little bit off the rails and I felt a little bit conflicted in all of this.
Но тут он слегка перегнул палку, у меня был внутренний конфликт по этому поводу.
en-ru
And -- oh, there's a really bad typo -- so if there was only a red T-E-D on stage that I counted on being here, it wouldn't be a typo, right?
それで― [CONFLIC] スライドにひどいタイプミス? [CONFLIC] いや ステージのこのへんに 赤い「TED」の文字があるから タイプミスじゃありませんよね?
en-ja
(Laughter) (Applause) I promised you I had a really bad sense of humor, and now I'm gratifying that.
[MITIGE] (Rires)(Applaudissements) Je vous avais prévenu de mon sens tordu de l'humour. Le voilà en action.
en-fr
So I told you. But I really was conflicted, right?
但我真的感到很矛盾。
en-zh-tw
At this point in time, we started doing things that actually weren't part of our core mission and people started failing at it.
Это был момент, когда мы начали делать нечто, выходящее за рамки нашего основного бизнеса, и люди не справлялись.
en-ru
And so, I thought, should we let them fail?
所以我想,我们应该 眼睁睁看着他们失败吗?
en-zh-cn
Should we continue to let them do this?
Deixamos que continuem fracassando?"
en-pt-br
I don't know -- I didn't know at that moment, but I thought this: Is failure really that bad?
Не знаю... Тогда я этого не знал, но я подумал вот что: «А так ли уж плохо провалиться?
en-ru
I'm not saying we should celebrate failure.
نمی‌گویم که باید شکست را جشن بگیریم.
en-fa
There's a lot of talk in Silicon Valley that says, "Let's celebrate failure."
Muchos en Silicon Valley dicen "Festejemos el fracaso".
en-es
No, I don't know if we would go all the way there, because like, in our board meetings, our board members are never like, "Hey, Chieh, you failed last quarter, keep doing that, buddy, OK?"
皆が皆 そこまですべきかは疑問です というのも 取締役会で 「先期はしくじったな 次もこの調子で!」 なんて言う人はいませんよね
en-ja
No one's ever said that.
알겠죠?" 절대로 이렇게 말하지 않을 거예요.
en-ko
If you're part of an organization like that, give me a call, I want to sit in on that meeting.
もし そんな発言が出る組織があれば ぜひご連絡ください 会議に参加したいものです
en-ja
In private, I don't think many people celebrate failure, but failure, I posit, is actually pretty necessary for the folks truly in the long-term, for the smart and imaginative people truly trying to fulfill the mission that you give them at hand.
私底下,我不認為 有很多人會慶祝失敗, 但我認為,長期來看, 失敗是必要的, 這樣子,聰明、有想像力的人 才會真正試著去完成 你給他們的任務。
en-zh-tw
And so failure can actually be seen as a milestone along that mission towards success.
پس شکست می‌تواند به صورت مرحله‌ای مهم در طول مأموریت به سمت موفقیت باشد.
en-fa
And if the downside of not micromanaging is potentially this perceived notion that you might fail more often, and if it's really not that bad, what is the upside?
ואם החסרון של לא לעשות מיקרו ניהול הוא כביכול הרעיון שאתה יכול להכשל יותר וזה בעצם לא רע, אז מה היתרון?
en-he
Well, we saw the upside and it's pretty great.
Pues bien, descubrimos la ventaja y es muy buena.
en-es
We tasked our engineers and said, "Hey, some of our fulfillment centers cost millions of dollars to build, there's miles and miles of conveyor, and so, can you do the same thing, can you make them efficient without spending millions of dollars?"
Megbíztuk mérnökeinket: "Egyes elosztóközpontok megépítése dollármilliókba kerül, sok-sok kilométer szállítószalag, de ugyanezt meg tudják csinálni, hatékonyabbá tudják tenni, dollármilliók elköltése nélkül?"
en-hu
So, they got to work: they actually did this -- this is not photoshopped, the guy is really grinding.
Они принялись за дело — тут всё настоящее, никакого фотошопа, ребята правда стояли у станков.
en-ru
They built an autonomous guided vehicle.
Ils ont fabriqué un véhicule autonome.
en-fr
We didn't tell them what to build, what format it needed to be.
Não dissemos o que construir, qual teria de ser o formato.
en-pt-br
In 90 days they produced the first prototype: powered off Tesla batteries, stereoscopic cameras, lidar systems.
그리고 90일만에 첫 시제품이 완성됐습니다. 테슬라 항공배터리, 입체카메라, 라이다시스템 등
en-ko
It basically replicates the efficiency of a conveyor belt without the actual capex of a conveyor belt.
Mondhatni, hatékonyságban kiváltja a szállítószalagot, annak egyszeri beruházási költsége nélkül.
en-hu
So it doesn't actually just stop with engineers.
Tehát tovább megy mérnököknél.
en-hu
Our marketing department -- we told them, "Hey, get the word out; do the right thing."
마케팅부서로 넘어갔습니다. 그들에게 "여러분, 문구를 떠올리세요. 올바른 일을 합시다."
en-ko
We have this wonderful lady, Nitasha, on the marketing team.
我们的营销团队有个 很棒的女士,妮塔莎。
en-zh-cn
She stopped me in the morning, she's like, "Chieh, what are we doing about the pink tax?"
早上,她攔住我,說:「傑, 『粉紅稅』要怎麼辦?」 我繼續去弄我的咖啡,然後坐下,
en-zh-tw
I went and got my coffee, I sat down, I said, "OK, Nitasha, what is this pink tax?"
"좋아요, 니타샤, 그 핑크택스라는게 뭐예요?" 니타샤가 설명해준 내용은 흥미로웠습니다.
en-ko
And so she told me, it's really interesting.
她就告诉了我——这真的很有趣。 有些人可能知道,在美国的32个州,
en-zh-cn
So, some of you might know that in 32 states across America, we actually charge a luxury goods tax on women's products like feminine care products, so tampons and pads are taxed like luxury goods items.
我们实际上会对 妇女产品征收奢侈品税, 比如说女性护理产品, 所以卫生棉条和卫生巾会 被当做奢侈品一样征税。
en-zh-cn
So I would never dare call my wife -- or if she called me and said, "Hey, hon, bring some pads on the way home," and I said, "Babe, you know, there's a trade war going on, the economy's not that good, so no luxury goods this month but next month I promise -- (Laughter) I'll take a look at it."
לא הייתי מעיז להתקשר לאשתי -- או אם היא הייתה מתקשרת אלי ואומרת, "הי יקירי תביא כמה תחבושות בדרך הביתה" ואני הייתי עונה "יקירתי, את יודעת יש מלחמת סחר שמתחוללת, הכלכלה לא הכי טובה, אז אין מוצרי יוקרה החודש. אבל אני מבטיח שבחודש הבא -- (צחוק) אני אשקול את זה מחדש"
en-he
But what's super interesting is now -- we didn't tell them what to do -- but now, working with finance, they rebate the tax back to customers all around the country that we unfairly have to collect.
Lo interesante es que no les indicamos qué hacer. En colaboración con finanzas, consiguieron una rebaja al impuesto a los consumidores de todo el país que debemos cobrar injustamente.
en-es
And so at this point in time, you might be thinking, "OK, what is the real, real upside of not micromanaging?"
이쯤되면 생각하실 거예요. "그래. 그래서 말하고 싶은 진짜 장점은 뭔데?"
en-ko
and it's this: I didn't do any of these projects.
", ami pedig ez: ezek nem az én projektjeim.
en-hu
I didn't do the "Rethink the Pink Tax" campaign.
nem a campanha "Repense a Taxa Rosa".
en-pt-br
I didn't do any of this, but I'm standing here on a TED stage taking all the credit for it.
אני לא עשיתי אף אחד מהם, אבל אני עומד כאן על הבמה של TED ולוקח את כל הקרדיט על זה.
en-he
(Laughter) "This guy does nothing and takes all the credit for it.
(Смех) «Этот парень ничего не делает, а лавры достаются ему.
en-ru
He's a real CEO, this guy. He's really got it down."
這個傢伙是真正的執行長。 他真的做到了。」
en-zh-tw
(Laughter) But the reality is this.
(笑) いや 実際のところはこうです
en-ja
I don't have the CEO thing down 100 percent pat, but I've actually learned the most fundamentally challenging lesson I've ever had to learn, and that's this.
Não entendo 100% da coisa do CEO, mas, na verdade, aprendi a lição desafiadora mais importante que já tive que aprender, e é esta.
en-pt-br
and that's to trust.
و آن اعتماد است.
en-fa
Now, I am actually going to do something that you guys do every single day.
Сейчас я собираюсь сделать то, что вы, ребята, делаете каждый божий день.
en-ru
I'm going to ask you guys to judge me right now.
Я попрошу вас, ребята, прямо сейчас оценить меня.
en-ru
The Bumbys were just doing it; it's very appropriate.
Bumbys только что это делали, это вполне уместно.
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Take a good look, and describe me in your head.
Внимательно посмотрите и мысленно опишите меня.
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