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In fact, this material you see is clear and transparent. | 사실, 이것은 보시다시피 투명합니다. | en-ko |
The components of this material are just water and protein. | Os componentes deste material são apenas água e proteína. | en-pt-br |
So this material is silk. | 這材料是 絲 | en-zh-tw |
So it's kind of different from what we're used to thinking about silk. | É algo meio diferente de como estamos acostumados a pensar sobre a seda. | en-pt-br |
So the question is, how do you reinvent something that has been around for five millennia? | La pregunta, entonces, es ¿cómo se reinventa algo que ha existido durante cinco milenios? | en-es |
The process of discovery, generally, is inspired by nature. | Proses penemuan, umumnya, diinspirasi oleh alam. | en-id |
And so we marvel at silk worms -- the silk worm you see here spinning its fiber. | Žasneme nad housenkami bource morušového; tady bourec morušový splétá své vlákno. | en-cs |
The silk worm does a remarkable thing: it uses these two ingredients, protein and water, that are in its gland, to make a material that is exceptionally tough for protection -- so comparable to technical fibers like Kevlar. | O bicho-da-seda faz uma coisa admirável. Utiliza dois ingredientes, proteína e água, produzidos pela glândula, para produzir um material de proteção excecionalmente robusto, comparável a fibras sintéticas como o Kevlar. | en-pt |
And so in the reverse engineering process that we know about, and that we're familiar with, for the textile industry, the textile industry goes and unwinds the cocoon and then weaves glamorous things. | Assim, no processo inverso que nós conhecemos e com que estamos familiarizados da indústria têxtil, a indústria têxtil desenrola o casulo e tece coisas lindíssimas. | en-pt |
We want to know how you go from water and protein to this liquid Kevlar, to this natural Kevlar. | Chcemy wiedzieć jak z wody i białka dojść do tego płynnego kevlaru, naturalnego kevlaru. | en-pl |
So the insight is how do you actually reverse engineer this and go from cocoon to gland and get water and protein that is your starting material. | И така, прозрението е как точно можете да възпроизведете този процес, като тръгнете от какавида и стигнете до жлеза, като получите вода и протеин -- вашите изходни материали. | en-bg |
And this is an insight that came, about two decades ago, from a person that I'm very fortunate to work with, David Kaplan. | Gagasan ini muncul sekitar dua dekade yang lalu, saya sangat beruntung bisa bekerja bersamanya, David Kaplan. | en-id |
And so we get this starting material. | וכך אנו מקבלים את חומרי ההתחלה שלנו. | en-he |
And so this starting material is back to the basic building block. | 이 물질은 다시 기본 구성 요소로 돌아갑니다. | en-ko |
And then we use this to do a variety of things -- like, for example, this film. | Lalu kami menggunakannya untuk membuat beberapa hal -- seperti contohnya, film. | en-id |
And we take advantage of something that is very simple. | 我門實際上利用蛋白質的優勢 | en-zh-tw |
The recipe to make those films is to take advantage of the fact that proteins are extremely smart at what they do. | 这些薄膜的制作方法就是 利用了蛋白质在它们所做的这事上 极其聪明这一优点 | en-zh-cn |
They find their way to self-assemble. | Elles arrivent à s'auto-assembler. | en-fr |
So the recipe is simple: you take the silk solution, you pour it, and you wait for the protein to self-assemble. | Więc recepta jest prosta: bieżesz roztwór jedwabiu, wylewasz go, i czekasz aż białko się samo złoży. | en-pl |
And then you detach the protein and you get this film, as the proteins find each other as the water evaporates. | Aztán levesszük a fehérjéket, és megkapjuk ezt a filmet, ahogy a fehérjék egymásra találnak, miközben a víz elpárolog. | en-hu |
But I mentioned that the film is also technological. | Ali pomenuo sam da je film takođe i tehnološki. | en-sr |
And so what does that mean? | És mit jelent az? | en-hu |
It means that you can interface it with some of the things that are typical of technology, like microelectronics and nanoscale technology. | Это значит, что вы можете соединить её с некоторыми из типично технологичных вещей, вроде микроэлектроники и нанотехнологий. | en-ru |
And the image of the DVD here is just to illustrate a point that silk follows very subtle topographies of the surface, which means that it can replicate features on the nanoscale. | Het beeld van de DVD hier demonstreert dat zijde heel subtiele topografieën van het oppervlak volgt. Dat betekent dat ze vormen op nanoschaal kan repliceren. | en-nl |
So it would be able to replicate the information that is on the DVD. | I tako bi bila u stanju da ponovi informaciju koja je na DVDu. | en-sr |
And we can store information that's film with water and protein. | I možemo pohraniti informaciju koja je film s vodom i proteinom. | en-hr |
So we tried something out, and we wrote a message in a piece of silk, which is right here, and the message is over there. | Így kipróbáltunk valamit, és írtunk egy üzenetet egy darab selyembe, ami itt van, és az üzenet pedig ott. | en-hu |
And much like in the DVD, you can read it out optically. | 像DVD般 可以用光學方式讀取 | en-zh-tw |
And this requires a stable hand, so this is why I decided to do it onstage in front of a thousand people. | Esto requiere de una mano firme y por eso decidí hacerlo sobre el escenario frente a mil personas. | en-es |
So let me see. | Pozrime sa na to. | en-sk |
So as you see the film go in transparently through there, and then ... | Ihr sehr also wie der Film hier transparent durchgeht, und dann ... | en-de |
(Applause) And the most remarkable feat is that my hand actually stayed still long enough to do that. | (Alkış) En önemli marifetim... ...bunu yapabilecek kadar elimi sabit tutmam. | en-tr |
So once you have these attributes of this material, then you can do a lot of things. | 一旦你有了这材料的 这些特性 接下去你就能做很多事情 | en-zh-cn |
It's actually not limited to films. | Penggunaannya tak terbatas pada film. | en-id |
And so the material can assume a lot of formats. | Material ini dapat dibentuk menjadi berbagai rupa. | en-id |
And then you go a little crazy, and so you do various optical components or you do microprism arrays, like the reflective tape that you have on your running shoes. | E podemos inovar, e assim fazermos diversos componentes ópticos ou conjuntos de microprismas, como as tiras refletivas que existem nos tênis de corrida. | en-pt-br |
Or you can do beautiful things that, if the camera can capture, you can make. | Sau poți face lucruri frumoase pe care, dacă aparatul foto le poate înregistra, tu le poți face. | en-ro |
You can add a third dimensionality to the film. | Můžete přidat k filmům trojrozměrnou dimenzi. | en-cs |
And if the angle is right, you can actually see a hologram appear in this film of silk. | E con la giusta angolazione si vede fuoriuscire un ologramma dalla pellicola. | en-it |
But you can do other things. | Dar poți face alte lucruri. | en-ro |
You can imagine that then maybe you can use a pure protein to guide light, and so we've made optical fibers. | می توانید تصور کنید که شاید از این پس شما پروتئین خالص را بعنوان راهنمای نوری استفاده کنید، خوب ما الیاف نوری ساختیم . | en-fa |
But silk is versatile and it goes beyond optics. | اما ابریشم چند منظوره است و فراتراز اپتیک است. | en-fa |
And you can think of different formats. | Și te poți gândi la alte formate. | en-ro |
So for instance, if you're afraid of going to the doctor and getting stuck with a needle, we do microneedle arrays. | Na primer, ako se bojite odlaska kod doktora jer ćete zaglaviti sa iglom, pravimo nizove mikroigala. | en-sr |
What you see there on the screen is a human hair superimposed on the needle that's made of silk -- just to give you a sense of size. | Hier auf dem Schirm seht ihr ein menschliches Haar von einer Seidennadel überlagert, nur um Euch ein Gefühl für die Größenordnung zu geben. | en-de |
You can do bigger things. | يمكن القيام بأمور أكبر. | en-ar |
You can do gears and nuts and bolts -- that you can buy at Whole Foods. | يمكن صناعة تروس وصمولة ومسامير لولبية -- والتي يمكنكم شراؤها من محلات Whole Foods. | en-ar |
And the gears work in water as well. | E as engrenagens funcionam na água também. | en-pt-br |
So you think of alternative mechanical parts. | לכן ניתן לחשוב על רכיבים מיכניים אלטרנטיביים. | en-he |
And maybe you can use that liquid Kevlar if you need something strong to replace peripheral veins, for example, or maybe an entire bone. | ואולי ניתן להשתמש בקוולר נוזלי אם צריכים משהו חזק כדי להחליף כלי-דם היקפיים, או אולי להחליף עצם שלמה. | en-he |
And so you have here a little example of a small skull -- what we call mini Yorick. | 這裡有一些例子 小骷顱頭 我們稱它是迷你 Yorick (哈姆雷特中之人物) | en-zh-tw |
(Laughter) But you can do things like cups, for example, and so, if you add a little bit of gold, if you add a little bit of semiconductors you could do sensors that stick on the surfaces of foods. | (Gelach) Je kunt er dingen als bekertjes van maken, en als je er wat goud en halfgeleiders aan toevoegt, kan je er sensoren van maken die je op oppervlakken van voedingsmiddelen kan kleven. | en-nl |
You can do electronic pieces that fold and wrap. | Możecie stworzyć części elektroniczne, które się składają i zwijają. | en-pl |
Or if you're fashion forward, some silk LED tattoos. | Ou se gostam de moda, umas tatuagens em LED de seda. | en-pt-br |
So there's versatility, as you see, in the material formats, that you can do with silk. | 물질 구성 방식에서, 실크로는 정말 다양한 것들을 할 수 있는 겁니다. | en-ko |
But there are still some unique traits. | Mas temos mais características únicas. | en-pt |
I mean, why would you want to do all these things for real? | Ich meine, warum sollte man all diese Sachen überhaupt machen? | en-de |
I mentioned it briefly at the beginning; the protein is biodegradable and biocompatible. | L'ho accennato all'inizio; le proteine sono biodegradabili e biocompatibili. | en-it |
And you see here a picture of a tissue section. | 這裡是個人工器官的照片 | en-zh-tw |
And so what does that mean, that it's biodegradable and biocompatible? | Και τι σημαίνει να είναι βιοδασπώμενη και βιοσυμβατή; | en-el |
You can implant it in the body without needing to retrieve what is implanted. | ניתן לשתול זאת בגוף מבלי שיהיה צורך להוציא את מה שהושתל. | en-he |
Which means that all the devices that you've seen before and all the formats, in principle, can be implanted and disappear. | 这意味着所有你之前看到的所有的设备和设计 本质上，是会被移除和消除的 | en-zh-cn |
And what you see there in that tissue section, in fact, is you see that reflector tape. | چیزی که شما در ابن بخش از بافت می بینید، در حقیقت شما نوار بازتابنده را می بینید. | en-fa |
So, much like you're seen at night by a car, then the idea is that you can see, if you illuminate tissue, you can see deeper parts of tissue because there is that reflective tape there that is made out of silk. | Така, както нощно време може да ви види шофьор, каращ кола, идеята е, че можете да видите, ако осветите тъканта, можете да видите по-дълбоки слоеве от нея, защото там има отражателна лента, която е направена от коприна. | en-bg |
And you see there, it gets reintegrated in tissue. | Και βλέπετε, ξαναενσωματώνεται στον ιστό. | en-el |
And reintegration in the human body is not the only thing, but reintegration in the environment is important. | Ma la possibilità di integrazione nel corpo non è l'unica peculiarità. Anche l'integrazione nell'ambiente è importante. | en-it |
So you have a clock, you have protein, and now a silk cup like this can be thrown away without guilt -- (Applause) unlike the polystyrene cups that unfortunately fill our landfills everyday. | Macie zegar, macie białko i jedwabny kubek, jak ten, może zostać wyrzucony bez poczucia winy. (Oklaski) W przeciwieństwie do poliestyrenowych kubków, które niestety lądują w śmieciach codziennie, | en-pl |
It's edible, so you can do smart packaging around food that you can cook with the food. | Jestivo je, možete pakovati hranu u to, tako da se ona može kuvati sa hranom. | en-sr |
It doesn't taste good, so I'm going to need some help with that. | Nó không ngon miệng đâu, và tôi cần sự trợ giúp với điều đó. | en-vi |
But probably the most remarkable thing is that it comes full circle. | Mais ce qui est probablement le plus remarquable est que cela fonctionne en boucle. | en-fr |
Silk, during its self-assembly process, acts like a cocoon for biological matter. | Seda, durante seu processo de auto-agrupamento, age como um casulo por questões biológicas. | en-pt-br |
And so if you change the recipe, and you add things when you pour -- so you add things to your liquid silk solution -- where these things are enzymes or antibodies or vaccines, the self-assembly process preserves the biological function of these dopants. | وبالتالي حين تغير الوصفة، وتضيف أشياء حين تصب -- إذن تضيف أشياء إلى محلول الحرير السائل -- بحيث تكون هذه الأشياء أنزيمات أو مضادات أجسام أو حقن، عملية التجمع الذاتي تقي الوظيفة البيولوجية لهذه الشوائب. | en-ar |
So it makes the materials environmentally active and interactive. | De manera que convierte a los materiales en ambientalmente activos e interactivos. | en-es |
So that screw that you thought about beforehand can actually be used to screw a bone together -- a fractured bone together -- and deliver drugs at the same, while your bone is healing, for example. | E così, ad esempio, quella vite che abbiamo visto prima si può usare per fissare un osso - un osso fratturato -- e al contempo rilasciare dei farmaci durante la fase di guarigione. | en-it |
Or you could put drugs in your wallet and not in your fridge. | أو يمكنكم وضع الأدوية في محفظة نقودكم بدل الثلاجة. | en-ar |
So we've made a silk card with penicillin in it. | Vyrobili jsme karty z hedvábí, v nichž je penicilin. | en-cs |
And we stored penicillin at 60 degrees C, so 140 degrees Fahrenheit, for two months without loss of efficacy of the penicillin. | Съхранявахме пеницилина при 60 градуса Целзий, 140 градуса Фаренхайт, в продължение на два месеца, без да има загуба на ефективността на пеницилина. | en-bg |
And so that could be --- (Applause) that could be potentially a good alternative to solar powered refrigerated camels. (Laughter) And of course, there's no use in storage if you can't use [it]. | Cela pourrait être -- (Applaudissements) cela pourrait être une bonne alternative aux chameaux réfrigérés par énergie solaire. Et bien sûr, le stockage ne sert à rien si vous ne pouvez pas vous en servir. | en-fr |
And so there is this other unique material trait that these materials have, that they're programmably degradable. | A tu sa nám ukáže ďalšia jedinečná charakteristika tohto materiálu a to, že tento materiál je programovateľne rozložiteľný. | en-sk |
And so what you see there is the difference. | To co widzicie to różnica. | en-pl |
In the top, you have a film that has been programmed not to degrade, and in the bottom, a film that has been programmed to degrade in water. | Na vrhu, imate film koji je programiran da se ne razgradi, na na dnu imate film koji je programiran da se razgradi u vodi. | en-hr |
And what you see is that the film on the bottom releases what is inside it. | และที่คุณเห็นคือฟิล์มที่อยู่ด้านล่าง ได้ปล่อยสิ่งที่อยู่ในตัวออกมา | en-th |
So it allows for the recovery of what we've stored before. | A tak umožňuje vyproštění látek, které jsme dříve uskladnili. | en-cs |
And so this allows for a controlled delivery of drugs and for reintegration in the environment in all of these formats that you've seen. | Dit zorgt voor een gecontroleerde afgifte van medicijnen en voor reïntegratie in het milieu van al deze vormen die je hebt gezien. | en-nl |
So the thread of discovery that we have really is a thread. | وبالتالي الخيط الناظم للإكتشاف الذي لدينا هو في الواقع خيط ناظم. | en-ar |
We're impassioned with this idea that whatever you want to do, whether you want to replace a vein or a bone, or maybe be more sustainable in microelectronics, perhaps drink a coffee in a cup and throw it away without guilt, maybe carry your drugs in your pocket, deliver them inside your body or deliver them across the desert, the answer may be in a thread of silk. | 我們全力要做出你們能想出的東西 是血管 或是骨頭 或是具永續概念的微電子元件 或是可安心丟棄的 咖啡杯 或是可放在皮夾的藥 送入體內 或是 帶著越過沙漠 這一切就是在這條絲線上 | en-zh-tw |
When I was a child, I always wanted to be a superhero. | Khi còn là một đứa trẻ, tôi luôn mong ước được trở thành anh hùng. | en-vi |
I wanted to save the world and make everyone happy. | Voiam să salvez lumea și să fac oamenii fericiți. | en-ro |
But I knew that I'd need superpowers to make my dreams come true. | တန်ခိုးဣဒ္ဓိပါဒ်တွေ ရှိဖို့လိုလိမ့်မယ် ဆိုတာတော့ သိခဲ့တာပေါ့။ | en-my |
So I used to embark on these imaginary journeys to find intergalactic objects from planet Krypton, which was a lot of fun, but didn't yield much result. | Por isso, costumava embarcar em viagens imaginárias para encontrar objetos intergalácticos do planeta Krypton, o que era muito divertido, mas não alcançava grandes resultados. | en-pt |
When I grew up and realized that science fiction was not a good source for superpowers, I decided instead to embark on a journey of real science, to find a more useful truth. | Когда я вырос и осознал, что научная фантастика — не лучший источник сверхъестественных способностей, Я решил отправиться в путешествие в настоящую науку, чтобы отыскать более полезную истину. | en-ru |
I started my journey in California, with a UC Berkeley 30-year longitudinal study that examined the photos of students in an old yearbook, and tried to measure their success and well-being throughout their life. | 저는 캘리포니아에서 UC버클리대학과 함께 예전 졸업앨범에 나오는 학생들의 사진들을 조사하고 그들의 삶을 통해 성공과 건강과 행복을 측정하는 30년 종단적 연구를 시작했습니다. | en-ko |
By measuring the students' smiles, researchers were able to predict how fulfilling and long-lasting a subject's marriage would be, (Laughter) how well she would score on standardized tests of well-being, and how inspiring she would be to others. | विद्यार्थियों की मुस्कुराहटों को माप कर, शोधकर्ता पूर्वानुमान लगाने में सक्षम हुए कि कितना संतुष्ट और लम्बा विवाहित जीवन किसी व्यक्ति का होगा, कितने अच्छे अंक वो पायेगी सुख समृद्धि के मानकित परीक्षा में और कितनी प्रेरणाप्रद रहेंगी. | en-hi |
In another yearbook, I stumbled upon Barry Obama's picture. | Kitoje vinjetėje radau Bario Obamos nuotrauką. | en-lt |
When I first saw his picture, I thought that his superpowers came from his super collar. | در ابتدا وقتی عکس او را دیدم، من فکر کردم که قدرت ویژه از گردنبند ویژه او است. | en-fa |
(Laughter) But now I know it was all in his smile. | Bet dabar žinau - viskas dėl jo šypsenos. | en-lt |
Another aha! moment came from a 2010 Wayne State University research project that looked into pre-1950s baseball cards of Major League players. | Nog een AHA! moment kwam door een onderzoeksproject uit 2010 van de Universiteit van Wayne dat honkbalplaatjes bekeek van voor 1950 van spelers in de Eredivisie. | en-nl |
The researchers found that the span of a player's smile could actually predict the span of his life. | Os investigadores descobriram que a medida do sorriso dos jogadores podia prever a duração da sua vida. | en-pt |
Players who didn't smile in their pictures lived an average of only 72.9 years, where players with beaming smiles lived an average of almost 80 years. | Spēlētāji, kuri fotogrāfijās nesmaidīja, dzīvoja tikai vidēji 72,9 gadus, savukārt spēlētāji ar starojošiem smaidiem dzīvoja vidēji gandrīz 80 gadus. | en-lv |
(Laughter) The good news is that we're actually born smiling. | (笑聲) 好消息是，我們實際上是微笑著誕生。 | en-zh-tw |
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