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The construction of the New York City Subway , which opened in 1904 , helped bind the new city together , as did additional bridges to Brooklyn . | The installation of the Subway helped tie the new city together , as did new bridges to Brooklyn . |
It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson , an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company , that the area was mapped . | Henry Hudson , an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company , made the first map of the area . |
The organizations Gay Men 's Health Crisis ( GMHC ) and AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power ( ACT UP ) were founded to advocate on behalf of those stricken with the disease . | Gay Men 's Health Crisis ( GMHC ) and AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power ( ACT UP ) were organizations that were started because of the crisis . |
Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign , a series of major battles in the early American Revolutionary War . | Manhattan was the center of a series of large battles in the early American Revolutionary War . |
In 1647 , Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony . | In 1647 , Peter Stuyvesant became the last Dutch Director General of the colony . |
Despite the Great Depression , some of the world 's tallest skyscrapers were completed in Manhattan during the 1930s , including numerous Art Deco masterpieces that are still part of the city 's skyline today , most notably the Empire State Building , the Chrysler Building , and the GE Building . | Despite the Great Depression , some of the world 's tallest skyscrapers of the time were built in Manhattan during the 1930s , including many Art Deco masterpieces that are still part of the city 's skyline today . |
In 1951 , the UN relocated from its first headquarters near Queens , to the East Side of Manhattan . | In 1951 , the United Nations relocated from its first headquarters in Queens , to the East Side of Manhattan . |
Manhattan Island was chosen as the site of Fort Amsterdam , a citadel for the protection of the new arrivals ; its 1625 establishment is recognized as the birth date of New York City . | In 1625 , the Dutch chose Manhattan Island to build Fort Amsterdam , a citadel for the protection of the new arrivals . |
The organization participated in a long-term confrontation with British authorities over liberty poles that were alternately raised by the Sons of Liberty and cut down by British authorities . | The Sons of Liberty , a Boston based group , were part of a long-term battle with British authorities over liberty poles that were sometimes raised by the Sons of Liberty and cut down by the British . |
The 1980s saw a rebirth of Wall Street , and the city reclaimed its role at the center of the worldwide financial industry . | In the 1980s , Wall Street was revived from its slump , and the city reclaimed its role at the center of the worldwide financial industry . |
The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the disastrous Battle of Fort Washington on November 16 , 1776 . | The Continental Army , the army that had fought in favor of the thirteen colonies led by George Washington , had to leave Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on 16 November 1776 . |
Tammany Hall , a Democratic Party political machine , began to grow in influence with the support of many of the immigrant Irish , culminating in the election of the first Tammany mayor , Fernando Wood , in 1854 . | The support helped win the election for the first Tammany mayor , Fernando Wood , in 1854 . |
The 1980s also saw Manhattan at the heart of the AIDS crisis , with Greenwich Village at its epicenter . | During this time , Manhattan was also at the heart of the AIDS crisis , with Greenwich Village being a major center of the epidemic . |
The period between the World Wars saw the election of reformist mayor Fiorello La Guardia and the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of political dominance . | Between World War I and World War II , reformist Fiorello La Guardia was elected as the new mayor in 1933 and took office in 1934 , marking the fall of Tammany Hall after 80 years of dominating politics in New York City . |
New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2 , 1653 . | New Amsterdam was considered an official city on 3 February 1653 . |
British occupation lasted until November 25 , 1783 , when George Washington returned to Manhattan , as the last British forces left the city . | On Evacuation Day , the British occupation and the last of their forces had left that city on 25 November 1783 . |
Returning World War II veterans created a postwar economic boom , which led to the development of huge housing developments targeted at returning veterans , including Peter Cooper Village-Stuyvesant Town , which opened in 1947 . | An example of one of the communities built to attract veterans looking for homes is Stuyvesant Town-Peter Cooper Village , which opened in 1947 . |
Like many major U.S. cities , New York suffered race riots and population and industrial decline in the 1960s . | New York had many race riots , and population and industrial began to decline in the 1960s . |
Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the British military rule that followed . | Shortly after , Manhattan was greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York in 1776 . |
A prelude to organized colonial opposition to British rule , the Stamp Act Congress of representatives from across the Thirteen Colonies was held in New York City in 1765 . | In 1765 , all of the colonies worked together for the first time unified political aim when the Stamp Act Congress ( meeting ) of representatives from across the Thirteen Colonies was held in New York City to write The Declaration of Rights and Grievances . |
The fate was avoided through a federal loan and debt restructuring , and the city was forced to accept increased financial scrutiny by New York State . | The city received a federal loan and debt restructuring . |
In 1975 , the city government faced imminent bankruptcy , and its appeals for assistance were initially rejected , summarized by the classic October 30 , 1975 New York Daily News headline as `` Ford to City : Drop Dead '' . | On 30 October 1975 , the New York Daily News reported the event with the headline as `` Ford to City : Drop Dead '' . |
Manhattan is the most densely populated of the five boroughs of New York City . | It is the center of the New York Metropolitan Area and the smallest borough in New York City ( section of New York City ) , but it is the most densely populated borough ( per square mile\/square kilometer , it has more people than any other borough ) . |
Gluons themselves carry the color charge of the strong interaction . | Gluons carry the strong force between other quarks , so it is considered a force carrying particle . |
Its administrative center is the rural locality ( a selo ) of Alikovo . | Its administrative center is the locality ( a selo ) of Alikovo . |
In this version , Mustard 's sister is named Shirley . | In that version , Mustard 's sister is named Shirley . |
`` Mean Mr. Mustard '' is a song written by John Lennon ( credited to Lennon-McCartney ) and performed by the Beatles on their album Abbey Road . | `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' is a song written by John Lennon ( credited to Lennon\/McCartney ) and performed by The Beatles on their album , Abbey Road . |
On reflection , Lennon did not think highly of the composition , describing it in Anthology as `` a bit of crap I wrote in India . '' | On reflection , he did n't think highly of the composition , describing it in Anthology as `` a bit of crap I wrote in India . '' |
As with the performance of `` She 's Leaving Home '' ( also in the film ) , the computerised singing of the Computerettes was performed by the Bee Gees . | As with the performance of `` She 's Leaving Home '' also in the film , the computerized singing of the Computerettes was performed by the Bee Gees . |
The version in the Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band film was performed by Mean Mr. Mustard ( played by Frankie Howerd ) and his evil robot companions , the Computerettes . | The version in the Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band film was performed by Mean Mr. Mustard ( played by Frankie Howerd ) and his evil robot companions named the Computerettes . |
A demo version of the song was recorded in May 1968 at Kinfauns , George Harrison 's home in Esher . | A demo version of the song was recorded in May 1968 at Kinfauns , George Harrison 's home in Esher , and appears on Anthology 3 . |
Lennon changed it to Pam when he saw the opportunity to ease the segue into the song `` Polythene Pam '' , which follows `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' on the album . | Lennon changed it to Pam when he saw the ochance to ease the segue into the song `` Polythene Pam '' , which is after `` Mean Mr. Mustard '' on the album . |
The song was written in India ; Lennon said that it was inspired by a newspaper story about a miser who concealed his cash wherever he could in order to prevent people from forcing him to spend it . | Written in India , Lennon said that the song was inspired by a newspaper story about a miser who hid his cash wherever he could so he can stop people from making him spend it . |
The forelegs , sides of the head , muzzle and paws are reddish-brown . | The forelegs , sides of the head , muzzle and feet are reddish brown . |
The color of the coyote 's pelt varies from grayish-brown to yellowish-gray on the upper parts , while the throat and belly tend to have a buff or white color . | The color of the coyote 's fur is a grayish brown to yellowish gray on the upper parts , while the throat and underside are a more white color . |
During 1840 , Riemann went to Hanover to live with his grandmother and attend lyceum ( middle school ) . | When he was 14 he went to Hanover where he lived with his grandmother so that he could go to a Gymnasium school . |
Cohen also received the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University together with Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1983 and the National Medal of Science in 1986 . | Cohen also received the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize from Columbia University in 1983 and the National Medal of Science in 1986 . |
Stanley Cohen ( born November 17 , 1922 ) is an American biochemist and Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine ( 1986 ) . | Stanley Cohen ( born November 17 , 1922 ) is an American biochemist . |
His research on cellular growth factors has proven fundamental to understanding the development of cancer and designing anti-cancer drugs . | His research on cellular growth factors has helped people understand how cancer starts and how to design anti-cancer drugs . |
He earned a Ph.D. from the department of biochemistry at the University of Michigan in 1948 . | He also received a Ph.D. from the department of biochemistry at the University of Michigan in 1948 . |
Cohen received his bachelor 's degree in 1943 from Brooklyn College , where he had double-majored in chemistry and biology . | Cohen majored in chemistry and biology at Brooklyn College . |
Working with Rita Levi-Montalcini ( co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in 1986 ) at Washington University in St. Louis in the 1950s , Cohen isolated nerve growth factor and then went on to discover epidermal growth factor . | In the 1950s , Cohen worked with Rita Levi-Montalcini at Washington University in St. Louis . |
At some time , the castles at Tutbury and Duffield were rebuilt , this time of stone . | The castles at Tutbury and Duffield were rebuilt with stone . |
His lands were given to Prince Edmund , who was shortly afterwards created Earl of Lancaster . | His lands were given to Prince Edmund , who became first Earl of Lancaster shortly later . |
The Trust is currently considering raising the necessary funds to carry out further investigations . | The Trust is planning to raise necessary funds to carry out further investigations . |
The next Earl , Robert , the seventh generation , rebelled against Henry III and Tutbury Castle was destroyed . | The next Earl ( the 7th generation ) , Robert , fought against Henry III and Tutbury Castle was destroyed . |
When the site was excavated , the foundations of a traditional Norman motte and bailey castle were discovered , with a stone keep built upon it . | When the site was surveyed , the base of a traditional Norman motte and bailey castle was found with a large rock on it . |
A geophysical investigation of the site was carried out by the University of Bradford in 2001 and this revealed traces of other structures to the south and the southeast which would appear to date from the same period . | A geophysical investigation of the site was carried out by the University of Bradford in 2001 . |
It is also controversial whether the Romans maintained a military presence to protect the ford , nearby , across which the convoys of lead from Lutudarum Wirksworth joined Rykneld Street at Derventio ( now part of Derby ) , en route for the North Sea ports . | The Roman army might have been there to protect the ford nearby where people from Lutudarum Wirksworth passed before joining Rykneld Street at Derventio ( now part of Derby ) which was N-shaped route for the North Sea ports . |
What was remarkable was the size of the latter , about 98 feet in length and 95 feet in breadth , only slightly smaller than the White Tower in London . | The size of the rock was really remarkable , about 98 feet in length and 95 feet in width , only slightly smaller than the White Tower in London . |
Considerable amounts of Roman or Romano-British pottery have also been found , including roof tiles of Roman pattern . | Also , many Roman or Romano-British pottery has been found , including roof tiles of Roman pattern . |
This extended between Heage and Shottle on the North , and Tutbury on the South . | It was between Heage and Shottle on the North , and Tutbury on the South . |
He built Tutbury Castle , and made it his chief seat ; but he needed an outpost to protect his lands further north , so built another castle , probably of wood , at Duffield . | He built another castle at Duffield to protect north side of his land . |
His third son , Robert , distinguished himself in the Battle of the Standard against the Scots in 1138 and was made the Earl of Derby . | His third son , Robert , fought the Scots in the Battle of the Standard in 1138 , and became the first Earl of Derby . |
What is known , however that , in , or around , 1066 Henry de Ferrers ( sometimes spelt Ferrars ) , having rendered great service to King William , was granted estates in Derbyshire , which became known as Duffield Frith . | Henry de Ferrers ( Ferrars ) faithfully served King William and was given land in Derbyshire , which became known as Duffield Frith . |
Following him was his second , William , who was a favorite of King John who restored his earldom along with the manors of Wirksworth , Ashbourne and , later , Horston Castle ( Horsley ) . | William II was favored by King John , and took back the land of Wirksworth , Ashbourne , and Horston Castle ( Horsley ) . |
Some of the artefacts that were discovered were lodged with the Derby Museum , while others were kept in the Parish Room , many have disappeared . | Some of them were kept in the Derby Museum , but others kept in the Parish Room were unfortunately lost . |
The series was successful , and Wood conducted annual promenade series until his death in 1944 . | Wood conducted the Proms until his death in 1944 . |
Wood 's ambition at the time was to become a teacher of singing , and he gave singing lessons throughout his life . | He wanted to become a singing teacher , and he did in fact give singing lessons all his life . |
In 1921 Wood was awarded the gold medal of the Royal Philharmonic Society , the first English conductor to receive the honor . | Wood was given many honors : he was knighted by the king in 1911 , he was awarded the gold medal of the Royal Philharmonic Society in 1921 and was made a Companion of Honour in 1944 . |
Rachmaninoff played the solo part in his Second Piano Concerto , and Vaughan Williams , at Wood 's request , composed a short choral work for the occasion : the Serenade to Music for orchestra and 16 soloists . | Rachmaninov was the soloist , and Vaughan Williams wrote his Serenade to Music for orchestra and sixteen soloists . |
After his death , the concerts were officially renamed in his honor as the `` Henry Wood Promenade Concerts '' , although they continued to be generally referred to as `` the Proms '' . | They became known as the `` Henry Wood Promenade Concerts '' . |
He composed the work for which he is most celebrated , Fantasia on British Sea Songs , for a concert in 1905 , celebrating the centenary of the Battle of Trafalgar . | He arranged a group of songs called Fantasia on British Sea Songs for the 1905 centenary celebrations of the Battle of Trafalgar . |
He played it at the Proms more than 40 times , and it became a fixture at the `` Last Night of the Proms '' , the lively concert marking the end of each season . | These are always played at the Last Night of the Proms . |
Sir Henry Joseph Wood CH ( 3 March 1869 - 19 August 1944 ) was an English conductor best known for his association with London 's annual series of promenade concerts , known as the Proms . | Sir Henry Wood ( 3 March 1869 - 19 August 1944 ) was an English conductor . |
Wood was born in Oxford Street , London , the only child of Henry Joseph Wood and his wife Martha , née Morris . | Henry Wood was born in London . |
Academy Awards nominations The Color Purple was nominated for four Golden Globes , including Best Picture ( Drama ) , Best Director for Spielberg , and Best Supporting Actress for Winfrey . | Academy Awards nominations The Color Purple was nominated for five Golden Globes , including Best Picture ( Drama ) , Best Director for Spielberg , and Best Supporting Actress for Winfrey . |
The film was shown at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival as a non-competing title . | The movie was shown at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival as a non-competing title . |
It failed to win any of them , tying the record set by 1977 's The Turning Point for the most Oscar nominations without a single win . | This tied the record set by 1977 's The Turning Point for the most Oscar nominations without a single win . |
The Color Purple is a 1985 American period drama film directed by Steven Spielberg , based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by Alice Walker . | The Color Purple is based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel , The Color Purple by Alice Walker . |
Celie is transformed as she finds her self-worth through the help of two strong female companions . | Celie is changed as she finds her self-worth through the help of two strong female friends . |
Filmed in Anson and Union counties in North Carolina , the film tells the story of a young African American girl named Celie Harris and shows the problems African American women faced during the early 1900s , including poverty , racism , and sexism . | It shows the problems African American women faced during the early 1900s , including poverty , racism , and sexism . |
The Color Purple was nominated for 11 Academy Awards , including Best Picture , Best Actress for Goldberg and Best Supporting Actress for both Avery and Winfrey . | The Color Purple was nominated for 11 Academy Awards . |
It was composed by Knowles , Kasseem `` Swizz Beatz '' Dean and Sean Garrett . | Ring the Alarm is an R&B song written by Beyoncé Knowles , Kasseem `` Swizz Beatz '' Dean , and Sean Garrett for Knowles ' second solo album B'Day ( 2006 ) . |
The two most characteristic features of perspective are that objects are drawn : Linear perspective always works by representing the light that passes from a scene through an imaginary rectangle ( the painting ) , to the viewer 's eye . | Perspective works by representing the light that passes from a scene through an imaginary rectangle ( the painting ) , to the viewer 's eye . |
This line , directly opposite the viewer 's eye , represents objects infinitely far away . | This line represents objects that are infinitely far away . |
In Christian ecclesiology , full communion is a relationship between church organizations or groups that mutually recognize their sharing the essential doctrines . | Full communion is a term used in Christian ecclesiology to describe relations between two distinct Christian communities or Churches that recognize that each other shares the same communion and the same essential doctrines . |
Language planning is a deliberate effort to influence the function , structure , or acquisition of languages or language variety within a speech community . | Language planning is the attempt to influence how a language is used . |
This article is about the field of language planning and policy . | In general , there are different forms of language planning : |
Paraná is bounded on the north by São Paulo state , on the east by the Atlantic Ocean , on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina , and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay , with the Paraná River as its western boundary line . | Paraná is bounded on the north by São Paulo , on the east by the Atlantic Ocean , on the south by Santa Catarina and the Misiones Province of Argentina , and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay , with the Paraná River as its western boundary line . |
The 2000 UEFA Cup Final Riots , also known as the Battle of Copenhagen , were a series of riots in City Hall Square in Copenhagen , Denmark , between fans of English football team Arsenal and Turkish side Galatasaray around the 2000 UEFA Cup Final on 17 May 2000 . | The 2000 UEFA Cup Final Riots , also known as the Battle of Copenhagen , was a riot in City Hall Square in Copenhagen , Denmark , between fans of English football team Arsenal and Turkish side Galatasaray around the 2000 UEFA Cup Final on 17 May 2000 . |
The scuffles , in which four people were stabbed , also involved fans from other clubs and were viewed by the media as part of a retaliation for the killing of two Leeds United fans by Galatasaray supporters the month before . | The fights , in which four people were stabbed , also included fans from other clubs and were viewed by the media as part of revenge attacks for the killing of two Leeds United fans by Galatasaray fans the month before . |
Sir Michael Kemp Tippett OM CH CBE ( 2 January 1905 - 8 January 1998 ) was an English composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the Second World War . | Sir Michael Kemp Tippett OM CH CBE ( 2 January 1905 - 8 January 1998 ) was an English composer . |
He withdrew the music , and in September 1930 re-enrolled at the RCM for a special course of study in counterpoint with R.O. Morris , an expert on 16th-century music . | He took some more lessons in composition from R.O. Morris at the RCM . |
In the two works that immediately followed the first quartet , Bowen finds the Piano Sonata No. 1 ( 1938 ) full of the young composer 's inventiveness , while Matthews writes of the Concerto for Double String Orchestra ( 1939 ) : '' ( I ) t is the rhythmic freedom of the music , its joyful liberation from orthodox noti... | One of his best-known works is the Concerto for Double String Orchestra ( 1938-1939 ) . |
In July 2008 in Berlin , a 19-year-old Russian mathematics student Nikolai Sazhin won the `` World Champion '' title in chess boxing by defeating Frank Stoldt . | In July 2008 in Berlin , a 19-year old Russian mathematics student Nikolai Sazhin won the title of `` World Champion '' in chess boxing by beating Frank Stoldt . |
Stoldt resigned in the 5th round ( chess ) after losing his queen . | Stoldt resigned in the 5th round after losing his queen . |
In April 2008 , the World Chess Federation FIDE posted a video on its website showing its president , Kirsan Ilyumzhinov , playing a friendly chess boxing match in Elista . | In April 2008 , the World Chess Federation , FIDE , posted a video on its website in which its president Kirsan Ilyumzhinov played a friendly chess boxing match in Elista . |
There is a one-minute break between each round , during which competitors cool out and change gear . | Between rounds there is a one minute pause , during which the players change their gear . |
That same month , the United Kingdom 's first chess boxing club was begun in London by the Great Britain Chess Boxing Organization 's founder Tim Woolgar . | Also in April 2008 the UK 's first Chess Boxing club was started in London by Great Britain Chess Boxing Organisation founder Tim Woolgar . |
Rules of fast chess are used , and a competitor only has a total of twelve minutes to use for all his chess moves . | The form of chess played is speed chess in which each player has a total of twelve minutes for the whole game . |
Rubingh felt the method described in the book , a boxing match followed by a chess match , was impractical . | Rubingh decided that the method of play in the book , a boxing match with a chess match after , was not very good . |
The concept of chess boxing came up by comics artist Enki Bilal , and chessboxing was featured in his graphic novel Froid Équateur . | The idea was started in 1992 by cartoonist Enki Bilal , and a match of chess boxing was a big story part of his graphic novel Froid Équateur . |
The match begins with a chess round which is followed by a boxing round . | A match between two players is made up of up to eleven rounds of boxing and chess sessions , starting with a four-minute chess round followed by two minutes of boxing and so on . |
The sport is governed by two world governing bodies the World Chess Boxing Organisation ( WCBO ) based in Berlin and the World Chessboxing Association ( WCBA ) based in London . | The World Chess Boxing Organisation ( WCBO ) , keeps control of the sport . |
Chess boxing is a hybrid sport that combines chess with boxing in alternating rounds . | Chess boxing is a mixed sport which puts together the sport of boxing with games of chess in every other round . |
Tihomir Atanassov Dovramadjiev of Bulgaria defeated Andreas `` D '' Schneider of Germany , who conceded in the seventh ( chess ) round . | The First European Chess Boxing Championship took place in Berlin on October 1 , 2005 when Tihomir Atanassov Dovramadjiev of Bulgaria beat Andreas D'Schneider of Germany after D'Schneider gave up in the seventh round . |
Player 's chess time is measured using a chess clock . | Players may win by knocking out the other player , checkmate , a judge 's choice , or if the other player runs out of chess time . |
The Moscow Metro is a state-owned enterprise . | The Moscow Metro has 12 lines , consisting of 11 normal lines and one light line . |
The Filyovskaya Line is notable for being the only line with most of its route at grade . | The only exceptions are some stations on Filyovskaya Line which can only take 6-car trains . |
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