Split (2)

train · 86.8k rows

id stringlengths 24 24	question stringlengths 1 270	answer stringlengths 1 239	documents listlengths 1 1
570c65bcfed7b91900d45991	John spent the conflict traveling alongside who?	his father	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn had spent the conflict travelling alongside his father, and was given widespread possessions across the Angevin empire as part of the Montlouis settlement; from then onwards, most observers regarded John as Henry II's favourite child, although he was the furthest removed in terms of t...
570c65bcfed7b91900d45992	When did Henry II appropriate the estates of the late Earl of Cornwall?	1175	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn had spent the conflict travelling alongside his father, and was given widespread possessions across the Angevin empire as part of the Montlouis settlement; from then onwards, most observers regarded John as Henry II's favourite child, although he was the furthest removed in terms of t...
570c65bcfed7b91900d45993	Who dismissed William FitzAldelm as the Lord of Ireland?	Henry	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn had spent the conflict travelling alongside his father, and was given widespread possessions across the Angevin empire as part of the Montlouis settlement; from then onwards, most observers regarded John as Henry II's favourite child, although he was the furthest removed in terms of t...
570c660afed7b91900d45997	When did Richard become king?	September 1189	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nWhen John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, titles and appointments, and attempted to ensure tha...
570c660afed7b91900d45998	Who took over as joint justiciar with Puiset after Mandeville died?	Longchamp	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nWhen John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, titles and appointments, and attempted to ensure tha...
570c660afed7b91900d45999	Who convinced Richard to allow John to join into England?	Eleanor	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nWhen John's elder brother Richard became king in September 1189, he had already declared his intention of joining the Third Crusade. Richard set about raising the huge sums of money required for this expedition through the sale of lands, titles and appointments, and attempted to ensure tha...
570c66a0fed7b91900d459a7	Warfare in Normandy was shaped by what?	defensive potential of castles	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nWarfare in Normandy at the time was shaped by the defensive potential of castles and the increasing costs of conducting campaigns. The Norman frontiers had limited natural defences but were heavily reinforced with castles, such as Château Gaillard, at strategic points, built and maintained...
570c66a0fed7b91900d459a8	What were mercenary forces called?	Brabançons	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nWarfare in Normandy at the time was shaped by the defensive potential of castles and the increasing costs of conducting campaigns. The Norman frontiers had limited natural defences but were heavily reinforced with castles, such as Château Gaillard, at strategic points, built and maintained...
570c66a0fed7b91900d459a9	What castle was built at a strategic point?	Château Gaillard	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nWarfare in Normandy at the time was shaped by the defensive potential of castles and the increasing costs of conducting campaigns. The Norman frontiers had limited natural defences but were heavily reinforced with castles, such as Château Gaillard, at strategic points, built and maintained...
570c672cb3d812140066d1d5	Who accompanied John?	William de Roches	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn initially adopted a defensive posture similar to that of 1199: avoiding open battle and carefully defending his key castles. John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east. John became aware in July that Arthur's ...
570c672cb3d812140066d1d6	Why was Philip forced to withdraw in the east?	southern flank weakening	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn initially adopted a defensive posture similar to that of 1199: avoiding open battle and carefully defending his key castles. John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east. John became aware in July that Arthur's ...
570c672cb3d812140066d1d7	Who was caught by surprised?	Arthur	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn initially adopted a defensive posture similar to that of 1199: avoiding open battle and carefully defending his key castles. John's operations became more chaotic as the campaign progressed, and Philip began to make steady progress in the east. John became aware in July that Arthur's ...
570c6790fed7b91900d459ad	What did John inherit in England?	sophisticated system of administration	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respectively; and various judges were de...
570c6790fed7b91900d459ae	Who dealt with income and expenditure?	the Treasury and the Exchequer	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respectively; and various judges were de...
570c6790fed7b91900d459af	John followed in the tradition of who?	Henry I and Henry II	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn inherited a sophisticated system of administration in England, with a range of royal agents answering to the Royal Household: the Chancery kept written records and communications; the Treasury and the Exchequer dealt with income and expenditure respectively; and various judges were de...
570c67dcfed7b91900d459b3	John's royal household was based around what?	several groups of followers	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's royal household was based around several groups of followers. One group was the familiares regis, John's immediate friends and knights who travelled around the country with him. They also played an important role in organising and leading military campaigns. Another section of royal...
570c67dcfed7b91900d459b4	Who were the curia regis?	senior officials and agents of the king	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's royal household was based around several groups of followers. One group was the familiares regis, John's immediate friends and knights who travelled around the country with him. They also played an important role in organising and leading military campaigns. Another section of royal...
570c67dcfed7b91900d459b5	The mercenary leaders became infamous in England for what?	their uncivilised behaviour	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's royal household was based around several groups of followers. One group was the familiares regis, John's immediate friends and knights who travelled around the country with him. They also played an important role in organising and leading military campaigns. Another section of royal...
570c6868b3d812140066d1db	Historians suspected that John was at best what?	impious	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's lack of religious conviction has been noted by contemporary chroniclers and later historians, with some suspecting that John was at best impious, or even atheistic, a very serious issue at the time. Contemporary chroniclers catalogued his various anti-religious habits at length, inc...
570c6868b3d812140066d1dc	Who was later declared a saint?	Hugh of Lincoln	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's lack of religious conviction has been noted by contemporary chroniclers and later historians, with some suspecting that John was at best impious, or even atheistic, a very serious issue at the time. Contemporary chroniclers catalogued his various anti-religious habits at length, inc...
570c6868b3d812140066d1dd	Many records showed what?	John's offerings to the poor	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's lack of religious conviction has been noted by contemporary chroniclers and later historians, with some suspecting that John was at best impious, or even atheistic, a very serious issue at the time. Contemporary chroniclers catalogued his various anti-religious habits at length, inc...
570c68b4b3d812140066d1e1	What did John do during the truce of 1206-1208?	focused on building up his financial and military resources	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nDuring the truce of 1206–1208, John focused on building up his financial and military resources in preparation for another attempt to recapture Normandy. John used some of this money to pay for new alliances on Philip's eastern frontiers, where the growth in Capetian power was beginning to...
570c68b4b3d812140066d1e2	By 1212, John had successfully concluded alliances with who?	Otto IV	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nDuring the truce of 1206–1208, John focused on building up his financial and military resources in preparation for another attempt to recapture Normandy. John used some of this money to pay for new alliances on Philip's eastern frontiers, where the growth in Capetian power was beginning to...
570c68b4b3d812140066d1e3	John launched his new fleet to attach the French where?	the harbour of Damme	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nDuring the truce of 1206–1208, John focused on building up his financial and military resources in preparation for another attempt to recapture Normandy. John used some of this money to pay for new alliances on Philip's eastern frontiers, where the growth in Capetian power was beginning to...
570c6902fed7b91900d459b9	Who did John want to be appointed Archbishop of Canterbury?	John de Gray	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn wanted John de Gray, the Bishop of Norwich and one of his own supporters, to be appointed Archbishop of Canterbury after the death of Walter, but the cathedral chapter for Canterbury Cathedral claimed the exclusive right to elect Walter's successor. They favoured Reginald, the chapter...
570c6902fed7b91900d459ba	Who did Innocent disavow?	Reginald and John de Gray	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn wanted John de Gray, the Bishop of Norwich and one of his own supporters, to be appointed Archbishop of Canterbury after the death of Walter, but the cathedral chapter for Canterbury Cathedral claimed the exclusive right to elect Walter's successor. They favoured Reginald, the chapter...
570c6902fed7b91900d459bb	Who did John force to change their support to John de Gray?	Canterbury chapter	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn wanted John de Gray, the Bishop of Norwich and one of his own supporters, to be appointed Archbishop of Canterbury after the death of Walter, but the cathedral chapter for Canterbury Cathedral claimed the exclusive right to elect Walter's successor. They favoured Reginald, the chapter...
570c695efed7b91900d459bf	Where did many of the disaffected barons come from?	north of England	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nTensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and historians as \"the Northerners\". The northern b...
570c695efed7b91900d459c0	Who was appointed justiciar?	Peter des Roches	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nTensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and historians as \"the Northerners\". The northern b...
570c695efed7b91900d459c1	What was the final straw that precipitated the baronial uprising during John's final years as king?	The failure of John's French military campaign	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nTensions between John and the barons had been growing for several years, as demonstrated by the 1212 plot against the king. Many of the disaffected barons came from the north of England; that faction was often labelled by contemporaries and historians as \"the Northerners\". The northern b...
570c69aeb3d812140066d1e7	When did John meet the rebel leaders at Runnymede?	15 June 1215	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn met the rebel leaders at Runnymede, near Windsor Castle, on 15 June 1215. Langton's efforts at mediation created a charter capturing the proposed peace agreement; it was later renamed Magna Carta, or \"Great Charter\". The charter went beyond simply addressing specific baronial compla...
570c69aeb3d812140066d1e8	A council of how many barons was created to monitor John's future adherence to the charter?	twenty-five	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn met the rebel leaders at Runnymede, near Windsor Castle, on 15 June 1215. Langton's efforts at mediation created a charter capturing the proposed peace agreement; it was later renamed Magna Carta, or \"Great Charter\". The charter went beyond simply addressing specific baronial compla...
570c69aeb3d812140066d1e9	The peace agreement was renamed what?	Magna Carta	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn met the rebel leaders at Runnymede, near Windsor Castle, on 15 June 1215. Langton's efforts at mediation created a charter capturing the proposed peace agreement; it was later renamed Magna Carta, or \"Great Charter\". The charter went beyond simply addressing specific baronial compla...
570c69eafed7b91900d459c5	When did Prince Louis int to land in the south of England?	May 1216	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nPrince Louis intended to land in the south of England in May 1216, and John assembled a naval force to intercept him. Unfortunately for John, his fleet was dispersed by bad storms and Louis landed unopposed in Kent. John hesitated and decided not to attack Louis immediately, either due to ...
570c69eafed7b91900d459c6	Why did John hesitate to attack Louis?	due to the risks of open battle	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nPrince Louis intended to land in the south of England in May 1216, and John assembled a naval force to intercept him. Unfortunately for John, his fleet was dispersed by bad storms and Louis landed unopposed in Kent. John hesitated and decided not to attack Louis immediately, either due to ...
570c69eafed7b91900d459c7	When did the rebels regain the south-east of England?	end of the summer	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nPrince Louis intended to land in the south of England in May 1216, and John assembled a naval force to intercept him. Unfortunately for John, his fleet was dispersed by bad storms and Louis landed unopposed in Kent. John hesitated and decided not to attack Louis immediately, either due to ...
570c6a8cb3d812140066d1ed	When was Isabel released from imprisonment?	1214	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, but largely abandoned ...
570c6a8cb3d812140066d1ee	Who did Joan marry to become queen consort?	Alexander II of Scotland	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, but largely abandoned ...
570c6a8cb3d812140066d1ef	How many legitimate children did John have?	five	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, but largely abandoned ...
570c6a8cb3d812140066d1f0	Who was John's eldest son?	Henry III	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nJohn's first wife, Isabel, Countess of Gloucester, was released from imprisonment in 1214; she remarried twice, and died in 1217. John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, but largely abandoned ...
570c6b74fed7b91900d459cb	What biographers argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch?	Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nMost historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th- and 13th-century chroniclers. Jim Bradbury notes the current consensus that John was a \"hard-working ...
570c6b74fed7b91900d459cc	Modern historians have been over lenient towards what?	John's numerous faults	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nMost historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th- and 13th-century chroniclers. Jim Bradbury notes the current consensus that John was a \"hard-working ...
570c6b74fed7b91900d459cd	John Gillingham considers John what?	a less effective general	[ "John,_King_of_England\n\nMost historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th- and 13th-century chroniclers. Jim Bradbury notes the current consensus that John was a \"hard-working ...
570cd0bbb3d812140066d27f	What hindered the competetive ability of Apple when it was introduced?	expensive	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop pub...
570cd0bbb3d812140066d280	Where did Macintosh initially find success in the market?	education and desktop publishing	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop pub...
570cd0bbb3d812140066d281	Which platform, when improved in the 1990's, took market share from Macintosh?	Wintel	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop pub...
570cd0bbb3d812140066d282	What type of advantage did Intel's Pentium over Macintosh systems in the 1990's?	performance	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop pub...
570cd0bbb3d812140066d283	Who became the top PC manufacturer in 1994, leaving Apple in 3rd place?	Compaq	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe Macintosh, however, was expensive, which hindered its ability to be competitive in a market already dominated by the Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses. Macintosh systems still found success in education and desktop pub...
570cd2e4b3d812140066d291	How much RAM did the first Maciuntosh board have?	64 kilobytes (kB)	[ "Macintosh\n\nSmith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple L...
570cd2e4b3d812140066d292	Whose idea was it to run Apple Lisa's graphical programs on the Macintosh?	Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team	[ "Macintosh\n\nSmith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple L...
570cd2e4b3d812140066d293	What did Tribble first incorporate into the Mac?	Lisa's Motorola 68000 microprocessor	[ "Macintosh\n\nSmith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple L...
570cd2e4b3d812140066d294	Which design feature did Smith eventually use to make production of a newly designed board more cost-efficient?	fewer RAM chips than the Lisa	[ "Macintosh\n\nSmith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple L...
570cd2e4b3d812140066d295	What feature was missing from the final Mac design produced by Smith?	memory slots	[ "Macintosh\n\nSmith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple L...
570cd5d7b3d812140066d2a5	How much did Apple spend to advertise in a special post-election issue of Newsweek?	$2.5 million	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple spent $2.5 million purchasing all 39 advertising pages in a special, post-election issue of Newsweek, and ran a \"Test Drive a Macintosh\" promotion, in which potential buyers with a credit card could take home a Macintosh for 24 hours and return it to a dealer afterwards. While 200,000 people p...
570cd5d7b3d812140066d2a6	What was the name of the big promotion Apple ran in the special edition of Newsweek?	"Test Drive a Macintosh"	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple spent $2.5 million purchasing all 39 advertising pages in a special, post-election issue of Newsweek, and ran a \"Test Drive a Macintosh\" promotion, in which potential buyers with a credit card could take home a Macintosh for 24 hours and return it to a dealer afterwards. While 200,000 people p...
570cd5d7b3d812140066d2a7	What did Apple allow potential buyers to take home and try for 24 hours?	a Macintosh	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple spent $2.5 million purchasing all 39 advertising pages in a special, post-election issue of Newsweek, and ran a \"Test Drive a Macintosh\" promotion, in which potential buyers with a credit card could take home a Macintosh for 24 hours and return it to a dealer afterwards. While 200,000 people p...
570cd5d7b3d812140066d2a8	How were many computers returned during the Test Drive a Macintosh promotion that made them unsellable?	a bad condition	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple spent $2.5 million purchasing all 39 advertising pages in a special, post-election issue of Newsweek, and ran a \"Test Drive a Macintosh\" promotion, in which potential buyers with a credit card could take home a Macintosh for 24 hours and return it to a dealer afterwards. While 200,000 people p...
570cd5d7b3d812140066d2a9	Who was the CEO of Apple during the Test Drive a Macintosh promotion?	John Sculley	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple spent $2.5 million purchasing all 39 advertising pages in a special, post-election issue of Newsweek, and ran a \"Test Drive a Macintosh\" promotion, in which potential buyers with a credit card could take home a Macintosh for 24 hours and return it to a dealer afterwards. While 200,000 people p...
570cd73cb3d812140066d2b9	What was the longest-lived Macintosh in Apple's history while it was in production?	The Mac Plus	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple released the Macintosh Plus on January 10, 1986, for a price of US$2,600. It offered one megabyte of RAM, easily expandable to four megabytes by the use of socketed RAM boards. It also featured a SCSI parallel interface, allowing up to seven peripherals—such as hard drives and scanners—to be att...
570cd73cb3d812140066d2ba	How long did the Mac Plus remain in production, unchanged?	just over four years and ten months	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple released the Macintosh Plus on January 10, 1986, for a price of US$2,600. It offered one megabyte of RAM, easily expandable to four megabytes by the use of socketed RAM boards. It also featured a SCSI parallel interface, allowing up to seven peripherals—such as hard drives and scanners—to be att...
570cd73cb3d812140066d2bb	In 1986, what did Apple introduce to allow developers to create software for Macintosh on Macintosh?	Macintosh Programmer's Workshop	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple released the Macintosh Plus on January 10, 1986, for a price of US$2,600. It offered one megabyte of RAM, easily expandable to four megabytes by the use of socketed RAM boards. It also featured a SCSI parallel interface, allowing up to seven peripherals—such as hard drives and scanners—to be att...
570cd73cb3d812140066d2bc	What did Apple's HyerCard and MultiFinder add to the Macintosh?	cooperative multitasking	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple released the Macintosh Plus on January 10, 1986, for a price of US$2,600. It offered one megabyte of RAM, easily expandable to four megabytes by the use of socketed RAM boards. It also featured a SCSI parallel interface, allowing up to seven peripherals—such as hard drives and scanners—to be att...
570cd73cb3d812140066d2bd	After their unveiling in 1987, what did Apple begin bundling with every Macintosh?	HyperCard and MultiFinder	[ "Macintosh\n\nApple released the Macintosh Plus on January 10, 1986, for a price of US$2,600. It offered one megabyte of RAM, easily expandable to four megabytes by the use of socketed RAM boards. It also featured a SCSI parallel interface, allowing up to seven peripherals—such as hard drives and scanners—to be att...
570ce035fed7b91900d45a53	What Macintosh first included an on-board MMU?	the Macintosh IIx	[ "Macintosh\n\nWith the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of the Mac SE powered by the 16 MHz 68030, the Macintos...
570ce035fed7b91900d45a54	What was the first Mac to be "32-bit clean"?	the Macintosh IIci	[ "Macintosh\n\nWith the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of the Mac SE powered by the 16 MHz 68030, the Macintos...
570ce035fed7b91900d45a55	What was the starting price of the Macintosh llfx when it was unveiled?	US$9,900	[ "Macintosh\n\nWith the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of the Mac SE powered by the 16 MHz 68030, the Macintos...
570ce035fed7b91900d45a56	How many Apple II CPUS's did the new Macintosh llfx include?	two	[ "Macintosh\n\nWith the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of the Mac SE powered by the 16 MHz 68030, the Macintos...
570ce035fed7b91900d45a57	How fast was the processor on the new Macintosh llfx?	40 MHz	[ "Macintosh\n\nWith the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots and a version of the Mac SE powered by the 16 MHz 68030, the Macintos...
570ce1a4b3d812140066d2d7	Which Mac is known for improving the handling of color graphics?	Mac OS, System 7	[ "Macintosh\n\nAs for Mac OS, System 7 was a 32-bit rewrite from Pascal to C++ that introduced virtual memory and improved the handling of color graphics, as well as memory addressing, networking, and co-operative multitasking. Also during this time, the Macintosh began to shed the \"Snow White\" design language, al...
570ce1a4b3d812140066d2d8	Who did Apple pay expensive consulting fees to before doing in-house work?	Frogdesign	[ "Macintosh\n\nAs for Mac OS, System 7 was a 32-bit rewrite from Pascal to C++ that introduced virtual memory and improved the handling of color graphics, as well as memory addressing, networking, and co-operative multitasking. Also during this time, the Macintosh began to shed the \"Snow White\" design language, al...
570ce1a4b3d812140066d2d9	What was established for bringing Apple's design work in-house?	the Apple Industrial Design Group	[ "Macintosh\n\nAs for Mac OS, System 7 was a 32-bit rewrite from Pascal to C++ that introduced virtual memory and improved the handling of color graphics, as well as memory addressing, networking, and co-operative multitasking. Also during this time, the Macintosh began to shed the \"Snow White\" design language, al...
570ce1a4b3d812140066d2da	Who was responsible for crafting a new look for all Apple products?	Apple Industrial Design Group	[ "Macintosh\n\nAs for Mac OS, System 7 was a 32-bit rewrite from Pascal to C++ that introduced virtual memory and improved the handling of color graphics, as well as memory addressing, networking, and co-operative multitasking. Also during this time, the Macintosh began to shed the \"Snow White\" design language, al...
570ce1a4b3d812140066d2db	How did the Mac System 7 improve multitasking?	co-operative multitasking	[ "Macintosh\n\nAs for Mac OS, System 7 was a 32-bit rewrite from Pascal to C++ that introduced virtual memory and improved the handling of color graphics, as well as memory addressing, networking, and co-operative multitasking. Also during this time, the Macintosh began to shed the \"Snow White\" design language, al...
570ce2e6fed7b91900d45a7b	Who returned to Apple in 1997?	Steve Jobs	[ "Macintosh\n\nWhen Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997 following the company's purchase of NeXT, he ordered that the OS that had been previewed as version 7.7 be branded Mac OS 8 (in place of the never-to-appear Copland OS). Since Apple had licensed only System 7 to third parties, this move effectively ended the c...
570ce2e6fed7b91900d45a7c	What did Steve Jobs order the OS version 7.7 to be branded as?	Mac OS 8	[ "Macintosh\n\nWhen Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997 following the company's purchase of NeXT, he ordered that the OS that had been previewed as version 7.7 be branded Mac OS 8 (in place of the never-to-appear Copland OS). Since Apple had licensed only System 7 to third parties, this move effectively ended the c...
570ce2e6fed7b91900d45a7d	What did the branding of the Mac OS 8 effectively end?	the clone line	[ "Macintosh\n\nWhen Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997 following the company's purchase of NeXT, he ordered that the OS that had been previewed as version 7.7 be branded Mac OS 8 (in place of the never-to-appear Copland OS). Since Apple had licensed only System 7 to third parties, this move effectively ended the c...
570ce2e6fed7b91900d45a7e	What effect did Mac's decision to brand the Mac OS8 have on companies such as Motorola?	significant financial losses	[ "Macintosh\n\nWhen Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997 following the company's purchase of NeXT, he ordered that the OS that had been previewed as version 7.7 be branded Mac OS 8 (in place of the never-to-appear Copland OS). Since Apple had licensed only System 7 to third parties, this move effectively ended the c...
570ce2e6fed7b91900d45a7f	How much money did Umax lose when it exited the low-end Mac clone market?	USD$36 million	[ "Macintosh\n\nWhen Steve Jobs returned to Apple in 1997 following the company's purchase of NeXT, he ordered that the OS that had been previewed as version 7.7 be branded Mac OS 8 (in place of the never-to-appear Copland OS). Since Apple had licensed only System 7 to third parties, this move effectively ended the c...
570ce4c0b3d812140066d2f5	What did dated architecture on the Mac OS line make necessary?	replacement	[ "Macintosh\n\nMac OS continued to evolve up to version 9.2.2, including retrofits such as the addition of a nanokernel and support for Multiprocessing Services 2.0 in Mac OS 8.6, though its dated architecture made replacement necessary. Initially developed in the Pascal programming language, it was substantially re...
570ce4c0b3d812140066d2f6	What programming language was the Mac OS initially developed in?	Pascal	[ "Macintosh\n\nMac OS continued to evolve up to version 9.2.2, including retrofits such as the addition of a nanokernel and support for Multiprocessing Services 2.0 in Mac OS 8.6, though its dated architecture made replacement necessary. Initially developed in the Pascal programming language, it was substantially re...
570ce4c0b3d812140066d2f7	What language replaced Pascal for System 7?	C++	[ "Macintosh\n\nMac OS continued to evolve up to version 9.2.2, including retrofits such as the addition of a nanokernel and support for Multiprocessing Services 2.0 in Mac OS 8.6, though its dated architecture made replacement necessary. Initially developed in the Pascal programming language, it was substantially re...
570ce4c0b3d812140066d2f8	What was the fuly overhauled successor to Mac OS 9?	Mac OS X	[ "Macintosh\n\nMac OS continued to evolve up to version 9.2.2, including retrofits such as the addition of a nanokernel and support for Multiprocessing Services 2.0 in Mac OS 8.6, though its dated architecture made replacement necessary. Initially developed in the Pascal programming language, it was substantially re...
570ce4c0b3d812140066d2f9	Upon release, what interface allowed Mac users to sample Apple's new operating system and provide feedback for the actual release?	Aqua	[ "Macintosh\n\nMac OS continued to evolve up to version 9.2.2, including retrofits such as the addition of a nanokernel and support for Multiprocessing Services 2.0 in Mac OS 8.6, though its dated architecture made replacement necessary. Initially developed in the Pascal programming language, it was substantially re...
570ce659fed7b91900d45aa1	What is the only mainstream computer platform to successfully transition to a new CPU architecture?	Macintosh	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570ce659fed7b91900d45aa2	What is the standard amount of RAM included with almost all current Mac models?	8 GB	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570ce659fed7b91900d45aa3	Which MacBook Pro port can transfer data at speeds up to 10 gigabits per second?	Thunderbolt	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570ce659fed7b91900d45aa4	When was the iMac G5 released?	October 2005	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570ce659fed7b91900d45aa5	Which interface did Apple introduce that was capable of being operated by an Apple Remote or keyboard for accessing media stored on the computer?	Front Row	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570d3c29b3d812140066d5b0	What is the standard amount of RAM shipped with most Mac models?	8 GB	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570d3c29b3d812140066d5b1	What processors are used by the current Mac product family?	Intel x86-64	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570d3c29b3d812140066d5b2	How many data transfer ports are included in most current Macs?	two	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570d3c29b3d812140066d5b3	According to Apple, how fast can the Thunderbolt port transfer data?	up to 10 gigabits per second.	[ "Macintosh\n\nThe current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have su...
570cf06efed7b91900d45b19	Which technique was once used to boot an alternate operating system than Mac OS?	boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application	[ "Macintosh\n\nOriginally, the hardware architecture was so closely tied to the Mac OS operating system that it was impossible to boot an alternative operating system. The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application. Used even by Apple for A/U...
570cf06efed7b91900d45b1a	What was introduced that made using Mac OS alternative operating systems easier?	Open Firmware-based PCI Macs	[ "Macintosh\n\nOriginally, the hardware architecture was so closely tied to the Mac OS operating system that it was impossible to boot an alternative operating system. The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application. Used even by Apple for A/U...
570cf06efed7b91900d45b1b	What were Open Firmware-based PCI Macs used as a convenience because of?	bugs in the firmware implementation	[ "Macintosh\n\nOriginally, the hardware architecture was so closely tied to the Mac OS operating system that it was impossible to boot an alternative operating system. The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application. Used even by Apple for A/U...
570cf06efed7b91900d45b1c	Where does Mac hardware boot directly to in all Intel-based Macs?	EFI	[ "Macintosh\n\nOriginally, the hardware architecture was so closely tied to the Mac OS operating system that it was impossible to boot an alternative operating system. The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application. Used even by Apple for A/U...
570cf06efed7b91900d45b1d	Where does Mac harware boot directly to in most PowerPC-based Macs?	Open Firmware	[ "Macintosh\n\nOriginally, the hardware architecture was so closely tied to the Mac OS operating system that it was impossible to boot an alternative operating system. The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application. Used even by Apple for A/U...
570cf1b5fed7b91900d45b2d	Who was brought in to shape the marketing of Macintosh in 1982?	Regis McKenna	[ "Macintosh\n\nIn 1982, Regis McKenna was brought in to shape the marketing and launch of the Macintosh. Later the Regis McKenna team grew to include Jane Anderson, Katie Cadigan and Andy Cunningham, who eventually led the Apple account for the agency. Cunningham and Anderson were the primary authors of the Macintos...
570cf1b5fed7b91900d45b2e	What role did Andy Cunningham and Jane Anderson have in the Macintosh launch plan?	primary authors	[ "Macintosh\n\nIn 1982, Regis McKenna was brought in to shape the marketing and launch of the Macintosh. Later the Regis McKenna team grew to include Jane Anderson, Katie Cadigan and Andy Cunningham, who eventually led the Apple account for the agency. Cunningham and Anderson were the primary authors of the Macintos...
570cf1b5fed7b91900d45b2f	Who introduced the "multiple exclusive" event marketing concept to Apple?	John Sculley	[ "Macintosh\n\nIn 1982, Regis McKenna was brought in to shape the marketing and launch of the Macintosh. Later the Regis McKenna team grew to include Jane Anderson, Katie Cadigan and Andy Cunningham, who eventually led the Apple account for the agency. Cunningham and Anderson were the primary authors of the Macintos...

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