id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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570969eaed30961900e840d2 | What has grown significantly? | Radio and TV | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThough situated in a remote part of the country, Himachal Pradesh has an active community of journalists and publishers. Several newspapers and magazines are published in more than one language, and their reach extends to almost all the Hindi-speaking states. Radio and TV have permeated signifi... |
57096a98200fba1400367f93 | Who was elected as chief minister of the state of India? | Virbhadra Singh | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nGovernments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the stat... |
57096a98200fba1400367f94 | How many seats did the BJP win? | 41 of the 68 seats | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nGovernments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the stat... |
57096a98200fba1400367f95 | Who is BJP's Chief MInister of Himachal Pradesh? | Prem Kumar Dhumal | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nGovernments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the stat... |
57096a98200fba1400367f96 | When was he sworn in? | 30 December 2007 | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nGovernments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the stat... |
57096a98200fba1400367f97 | When did the BJP secure a landslide victory? | December 2007 | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nGovernments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. In 2003, the state legislative assembly was won by the Indian National Congress and Virbhadra Singh was elected as the chief minister of the stat... |
57096b25200fba1400367f9d | What type of agriculture is in the state? | seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThough the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special effo... |
57096b25200fba1400367f9e | Where is seed potato mostly grown? | Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThough the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special effo... |
57096b25200fba1400367f9f | Who is the largest vegetable producing district in the state? | Solan | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThough the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special effo... |
57096b25200fba1400367fa0 | What is the district of Sirmaur famous for? | growing flowers, and is the largest producer of flowers in the state | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThough the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special effo... |
57096b25200fba1400367fa1 | What is the state deficient in? | food grains | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThough the state is deficient in food grains, it has gained a lot in other spheres of agricultural production such as seed potato, ginger, vegetables, vegetable seeds, mushrooms, chicory seeds, hops, olives and fig. Seed potato is mostly grown in the Shimla, Kullu and Lahaul areas. Special effo... |
57096ba1ed30961900e840de | Who was largely untouched by external customs? | Himachal | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states... |
57096ba1ed30961900e840df | What has made the state change very rapidly? | technological advancements | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states... |
57096ba1ed30961900e840e0 | Himachal is? | multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states... |
57096ba1ed30961900e840e1 | What are the common languages spoken? | Hindi, Pahari, Dogri, Mandeali Kangri, Mandyali, Gojri and Kinnauri | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states... |
57096ba1ed30961900e840e2 | Who makes up the tribal populations? | Kinnars, Pangawals, Sulehria, and Lahaulis | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal was one of the few states that had remained largely untouched by external customs, largely due to its difficult terrain. With the technological advancements the state has changed very rapidly. It is a multireligional, multicultural as well as multilingual state like other Indian states... |
57096cd5200fba1400367fc5 | When was the state run Nehru Government Engineering College started? | 2006 at Sundernagar | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThe Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (A... |
57096cd5200fba1400367fc6 | What are a few pioneer universities in the state? | The Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab) | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThe Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (A... |
57096cd5200fba1400367fc7 | What is the most renowned argricultural institues? | CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalya Palampur | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThe Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (A... |
57096cd5200fba1400367fc8 | What is Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University earned? | unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nThe Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT, CSIR Lab), Palampur, the National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Una the Central University Dharamshala, AP Goyal (A... |
57096d7eed30961900e840f8 | What is Doordarshan? | state-owned television broadcaster | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nDoordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also avail... |
57096d7eed30961900e840f9 | What is provided by BSNL and others throughout the state? | Dial-up access | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nDoordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also avail... |
57096d7eed30961900e840fa | What is available in few cities? | Private FM stations | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nDoordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also avail... |
57096d7eed30961900e840fb | Who are the cellular phone operators available? | BSNL, Reliance Infocomm, Tata Indicom, Tata Docomo, Aircel, Vodafone, Idea Cellular and Airtel | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nDoordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also avail... |
57096d7eed30961900e840fc | What is All India Radio? | public radio station | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nDoordarshan is the state-owned television broadcaster. Doordarshan Shimla also provides programs in Pahari language.Multi system operators provide a mix of Nepali, Hindi, English, and international channels via cable. All India Radio is a public radio station. Private FM stations are also avail... |
57096e1c200fba1400367fd3 | Where do 90% of the population live in Himachal Pradesh? | villages and towns | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using... |
57096e1c200fba1400367fd4 | No single house is without? | a toilet | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using... |
57096e1c200fba1400367fd5 | What are the villages well connected to? | roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using... |
57096e1c200fba1400367fd6 | What is Himachal Pradesh rank according to the 2005 Transparency international survey? | second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using... |
57096e1c200fba1400367fd7 | What are the most visited places in the country? | The hill stations | [
"Himachal_Pradesh\n\nHimachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using... |
57096026ed30961900e84018 | What is nonverbal communication? | conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages | [
"Communication\n\nNonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also... |
57096026ed30961900e84019 | What is one example of nonverbal communication? | body language | [
"Communication\n\nNonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also... |
57096026ed30961900e8401a | What is an example of a voluntary intent of a message related to nonverbal communication? | shaking a hand | [
"Communication\n\nNonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also... |
57096026ed30961900e8401b | What is an example of an involuntary intent of a message related to nonverbal communication? | sweating | [
"Communication\n\nNonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also... |
57096026ed30961900e8401c | What percentage of human communication occurs through nonverbal facial expressions? | 55% | [
"Communication\n\nNonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also... |
5709630f200fba1400367f29 | Why do fungi communicate? | to coordinate and organize their growth and development | [
"Communication\n\nFungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicell... |
5709630f200fba1400367f2a | How do fungi communicate with insects? | through biochemicals of biotic origin | [
"Communication\n\nFungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicell... |
5709630f200fba1400367f2b | How many primary signalling molecules are known to organize different behavioral patterns? | five | [
"Communication\n\nFungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicell... |
5709630f200fba1400367f2c | What enables an organism to differentiate between self and other? | interpretation processes | [
"Communication\n\nFungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicell... |
5709630f200fba1400367f2d | What is an example of "noise" that is filtered out through the interpretation processes? | similar molecules without biotic content | [
"Communication\n\nFungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicell... |
57096466ed30961900e84072 | What is one dimension that communication is typically described along? | channel (through which medium) | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. Wilbur Schram (195... |
57096466ed30961900e84073 | Who said that we should examine the impact a message has on the recipient of the message? | Wilbur Schram | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. Wilbur Schram (195... |
57096466ed30961900e84074 | What acts are included in communication between parties? | confer knowledge and experiences, give advice and commands, and ask questions | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. Wilbur Schram (195... |
57096466ed30961900e84075 | The forms of the acts included in communication depends on what? | abilities of the group communicating | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. Wilbur Schram (195... |
57096466ed30961900e84076 | What is one target of communication? | another person or being | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is usually described along a few major dimensions: Message (what type of things are communicated), source / emisor / sender / encoder (by whom), form (in which form), channel (through which medium), destination / receiver / target / decoder (to whom), and Receiver. Wilbur Schram (195... |
57096733ed30961900e840b0 | What is human communication defined as? | a system of symbols | [
"Communication\n\nEffective verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be fully isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as non-verbal communication, listening skills and clarification. Human language can be defined as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes... |
57096733ed30961900e840b1 | When does language learning primarily occur most intensively? | during human childhood | [
"Communication\n\nEffective verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be fully isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as non-verbal communication, listening skills and clarification. Human language can be defined as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes... |
57096733ed30961900e840b2 | How many human languages are there? | thousands | [
"Communication\n\nEffective verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be fully isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as non-verbal communication, listening skills and clarification. Human language can be defined as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes... |
57096733ed30961900e840b3 | What do human languages use to communicate with others? | patterns of sound or gesture for symbols | [
"Communication\n\nEffective verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be fully isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as non-verbal communication, listening skills and clarification. Human language can be defined as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes... |
57096733ed30961900e840b4 | What is an example of a language that is not restricted to properties of human language? | programming languages | [
"Communication\n\nEffective verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be fully isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as non-verbal communication, listening skills and clarification. Human language can be defined as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes... |
57096d77200fba1400367fcd | What is some factors in family communication that could affect communication between family members? | family rules, family roles or family dialectics | [
"Communication\n\nFamily communication study looks at topics such as family rules, family roles or family dialectics and how those factors could affect the communication between family members. Researchers develop theories to understand communication behaviors. Family communication study also digs deep into certain... |
57096d77200fba1400367fce | What are some time periods that family communication study looks at? | marriage, parenthood or divorce | [
"Communication\n\nFamily communication study looks at topics such as family rules, family roles or family dialectics and how those factors could affect the communication between family members. Researchers develop theories to understand communication behaviors. Family communication study also digs deep into certain... |
57096d77200fba1400367fcf | What does trusted communication in a family lead to? | a well constructed family | [
"Communication\n\nFamily communication study looks at topics such as family rules, family roles or family dialectics and how those factors could affect the communication between family members. Researchers develop theories to understand communication behaviors. Family communication study also digs deep into certain... |
57096fa9ed30961900e84120 | How is animal communication defined? | any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal | [
"Communication\n\nThe broad field of animal communication encompasses most of the issues in ethology. Animal communication can be defined as any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal. The study of animal communication, called zoo semiotics (distinguishable from anthrop... |
57096fa9ed30961900e84121 | What is the study of animal communication called? | zoo semiotics | [
"Communication\n\nThe broad field of animal communication encompasses most of the issues in ethology. Animal communication can be defined as any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal. The study of animal communication, called zoo semiotics (distinguishable from anthrop... |
57096fa9ed30961900e84122 | What is the study of human communication called? | anthroposemiotics | [
"Communication\n\nThe broad field of animal communication encompasses most of the issues in ethology. Animal communication can be defined as any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal. The study of animal communication, called zoo semiotics (distinguishable from anthrop... |
57096fa9ed30961900e84123 | What are some fields of knowledge concerning the animal world that have been revolutionizes in the 21st century? | animal emotions, animal culture and learning | [
"Communication\n\nThe broad field of animal communication encompasses most of the issues in ethology. Animal communication can be defined as any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal. The study of animal communication, called zoo semiotics (distinguishable from anthrop... |
57096fa9ed30961900e84124 | What field of communication has been investigated more thoroughly? | vibrational communication | [
"Communication\n\nThe broad field of animal communication encompasses most of the issues in ethology. Animal communication can be defined as any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal. The study of animal communication, called zoo semiotics (distinguishable from anthrop... |
570971d6ed30961900e8414e | Who introduced the first major model for communication in 1949? | Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver | [
"Communication\n\nThe first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receive... |
570971d6ed30961900e8414f | What did the first model for communication consist of? | sender, channel, and receiver | [
"Communication\n\nThe first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receive... |
570971d6ed30961900e84150 | What was the sender in the initial model? | the part of a telephone a person spoke into | [
"Communication\n\nThe first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receive... |
570971d6ed30961900e84151 | What was the channel in the initial model? | the telephone itself | [
"Communication\n\nThe first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receive... |
570971d6ed30961900e84152 | What was the receiver in the initial model? | the part of the phone where one could hear the other person | [
"Communication\n\nThe first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies. Their initial model consisted of three primary parts: sender, channel, and receive... |
57097302ed30961900e84174 | A simple model is also referred to as what? | transmission model | [
"Communication\n\nIn a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of com... |
57097302ed30961900e84175 | What kind of message is sent in a simple model? | a message in natural language | [
"Communication\n\nIn a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of com... |
57097302ed30961900e84176 | In what form is the information or content sent in a simple model? | spoken language | [
"Communication\n\nIn a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of com... |
57097302ed30961900e84177 | How is information sent through a simple model? | from an emisor/ sender/ encoder | [
"Communication\n\nIn a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of com... |
57097302ed30961900e84178 | What are the strengths of the simple model? | simplicity, generality, and quantifiability | [
"Communication\n\nIn a simple model, often referred to as the transmission model or standard view of communication, information or content (e.g. a message in natural language) is sent in some form (as spoken language) from an emisor/ sender/ encoder to a destination/ receiver/ decoder. This common conception of com... |
570979ba200fba1400368043 | How are the sender and receiver connected in a slightly more complex form of communication model? | reciprocally | [
"Communication\n\nIn a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Com... |
570979ba200fba1400368044 | What is the model of communication in which the sender and receiver are connected reciprocally called? | constitutive model or constructionist view | [
"Communication\n\nIn a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Com... |
570979ba200fba1400368045 | What is communication viewed as? | a conduit | [
"Communication\n\nIn a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Com... |
570979ba200fba1400368046 | What is something that may alter the intended meaning of a message? | different regional traditions | [
"Communication\n\nIn a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Com... |
570979ba200fba1400368047 | What is something that may cause the reception and decoding of the content of a message to be faulty? | communication noise | [
"Communication\n\nIn a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Com... |
57097c1c200fba1400368061 | What is a form of communication observed within plants? | between plant cells | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the... |
57097c1c200fba1400368062 | What part of a plant communicates with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil? | roots | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the... |
57097c1c200fba1400368063 | How are the plant roots able to communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the soil? | the decentralized "nervous system" of plants | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the... |
57097c1c200fba1400368064 | What is the meaning of the word neuron in Greek? | vegetable fiber | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the... |
57097c1c200fba1400368065 | How do plants communicate to warn nearby plants of danger? | via volatiles | [
"Communication\n\nCommunication is observed within the plant organism, i.e. within plant cells and between plant cells, between plants of the same or related species, and between plants and non-plant organisms, especially in the root zone. Plant roots communicate with rhizome bacteria, fungi, and insects within the... |
57097de3200fba1400368087 | What describes communication as creative and dynamic rather than discrete? | Theories of coregulation | [
"Communication\n\nTheories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer diffe... |
57097de3200fba1400368088 | Who theorized that the types of media people use to communicate will offer different possibilities for the shape of society? | Harold Innis | [
"Communication\n\nTheories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer diffe... |
57097de3200fba1400368089 | What ancient civilization did Harold Innis use as an example of his theory? | Egypt | [
"Communication\n\nTheories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer diffe... |
57097de3200fba140036808a | What did Harold Innis call papyrus? | Space Binding | [
"Communication\n\nTheories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer diffe... |
57097de3200fba140036808b | What did Space Binding make possible for the ancient Egyptian civilizations? | transmission of written orders across space, empires | [
"Communication\n\nTheories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer diffe... |
57097f61ed30961900e8422c | Why do communications professionals typically specialize in only one or two areas of communication? | it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills | [
"Communication\n\nCompanies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these area... |
57097f61ed30961900e8422d | What is one of the most important qualifications for a communications professional to have? | excellent writing ability | [
"Communication\n\nCompanies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these area... |
57097f61ed30961900e8422e | What kind of companies may engage in only a few types of communications? | Companies with limited resources | [
"Communication\n\nCompanies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these area... |
57097f61ed30961900e8422f | Good people skills is a qualification that is important to what profession? | communications | [
"Communication\n\nCompanies with limited resources may choose to engage in only a few of these activities, while larger organizations may employ a full spectrum of communications. Since it is difficult to develop such a broad range of skills, communications professionals often specialize in one or two of these area... |
57096282200fba1400367f1f | What color are white grapes? | green | [
"Grape\n\nGrapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of... |
57096282200fba1400367f20 | What gene makes grapes purple? | anthocyanins | [
"Grape\n\nGrapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of... |
57096282200fba1400367f21 | What shape do grapes usually resemble? | prolate spheroid | [
"Grape\n\nGrapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of... |
57096282200fba1400367f22 | What type of food are grapes? | fruit | [
"Grape\n\nGrapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of... |
57096282200fba1400367f23 | How many grapes are generally in a cluster? | 15 to 300 | [
"Grape\n\nGrapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of... |
5709644d200fba1400367f3b | How long ago were grapes first cultivated? | 6,000–8,000 years ago | [
"Grape\n\nThe cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position o... |
5709644d200fba1400367f3c | What microorganisms are naturally found on a grapes skin? | Yeast | [
"Grape\n\nThe cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position o... |
5709644d200fba1400367f3d | Where is the oldest know winery located? | Armenia | [
"Grape\n\nThe cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position o... |
5709644d200fba1400367f3e | What city is Syrah red wine believed to have been named after? | Shiraz | [
"Grape\n\nThe cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position o... |
5709644d200fba1400367f3f | How do we know that wine was made in ancient Egypt? | hieroglyphics | [
"Grape\n\nThe cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000–8,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position o... |
570970f4ed30961900e84146 | What do people in France eat more of that in most western countries? | animal fat | [
"Grape\n\nComparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly con... |
570970f4ed30961900e84147 | What kind of the wine is regularly consumed by the French? | red wine | [
"Grape\n\nComparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly con... |
570970f4ed30961900e84148 | What is the phenomenon that shows that the French have less heart disease, even though they eat more animal fat? | the French paradox | [
"Grape\n\nComparing diets among Western countries, researchers have discovered that although the French tend to eat higher levels of animal fat, the incidence of heart disease remains low in France. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly con... |
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