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This article had the purpose to understand the perception of the coordinators of the Tuberculosis Control Program regarding the use of the Notification Aggravation Information System - Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) as an instrument of the DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment) Strategy. This quali... |
AIM |
To study the relationship between early cognitive impairment symptoms and cerebral glucose metabolism in different brain regions (according to the positron emission tomography (PET) data) in Parkinson's disease (PD) in order to increase the diagnostic and treatment efficacy. |
MATERIAL AND METHODS |
Two groups of patients with PD (stage I-III), including 11 patients without cognitive disorders and 13 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), were examined. The control group included 10 age-matched people with normal cognition. To evaluate cognitive state, the Mini mental state examination (MMSE), the Frontal assessmen... |
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION |
In PD patients, CMRglu were decreased in the frontal (Brodmann areas (BA) 9, 10, 11, 46, 47), occipital (BA 19) and parietal (BA 39), temporal (BA 20, 37), and cingulate cortex (BA 32) compared to the control group. Cerebral glucose metabolism was decreased in the frontal (BA 8, 9, 10, 45, 46, 47), parietal (BA 7, 39, ... |
Robust guaranteed cost time-varying formation tracking problems for high-order multi-agent systems under directed interaction topology are investigated. The external disturbances and unknown control input of the leader are considered simultaneously. A guaranteed cost function is constructed by considering the control i... |
Abstract This study investigated the correlation of the extent of chromosomal aberrations including uniparental disomies (UPDs) by SNP-chip analysis and FISH to telomere length in 46 patients with CLL. CLL harboring high risk aberrations, i.e. deletions of 11q22-23 or 17p13, had significantly shorter telomeres (higher ... |
In searching non-standard ways of conformational regulation, various Michaelis–Menten-like schemes attract relentless attention, resulting in sometimes too sophisticated considerations. With the example of monomeric enzymes possessing an only binding site, we define the minimal schemes capable of bearing peculiar regul... |
In a previous study a functional interaction between pemphigoid antibodies, pemphigoid antigen, serum complement, and leukocytes was shown using the leukocyte attachment method for detecting immune complexes in skin. In the method, leukocytes suspended in fresh serum attached in a specific linear pattern to the dermal-... |
The plant fossil record was reviewed to highlight how consideration of plant carbon balance strengthens our understanding of various evolutionary innovation and extinction events. Following a brief physiological primer to carbon acquisition and allocation in C3‐plants, specific evolutionary events are discussed in conn... |
Time-domain behavior of carbon nanotubes as the future candidates for interconnects is of great importance. In order to analyze an entire circuit containing carbon nanotube interconnects, we need to have an electrical circuit model for carbon nanotubes as well as the rest of the system. Several studies have demonstrate... |
This paper describes a low-area and high-throughput hardware architecture for the intra prediction coding of today's most important video coding standards - the state of the art HEVC and its predecessor H.264/AVC. In order to reduce control complexity, memory accesses and total area, our design works with a subset of t... |
With the rapid development of computer technology,wireless sensor network (WSN) is widely used in many fields of society, This paper introduces the characteristics of wireless sensor network and its routing protocol. Based on the hierarchical model, a dynamic selection of the sink node and the hierarchical model of mul... |
In spite of all that has been written about the varicocele, it is still not clear who will benefit from occlusion of the spermatic vein or why improvement in semen takes place in some patients but not in others. Because fertility is usually assessed in the framework of a couple who are trying to establish a pregnancy, ... |
Abstract In ‘Moral critique and defence of theodicy’ (2013) Samuel Shearn argues that ambitious theodicies trivialize horrendous suffering in an unacceptable way by reinterpreting evils in a way sufferers do not accept. Against Shearn, the authors of this article will argue that sufferer acceptance should not be used a... |
In this study, we present a design method for a model reference control structure using a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC). Since the dynamic characteristics and motor parameters of the linear piezoelectric ceramic motor (LPCM) are highly nonlinear and time-varying. An adaptive CMAC model reference contr... |
Inspired by the cognitive process of humans and animals, Curriculum Learning (CL) trains a model by gradually increasing the difficulty of the training data. In this paper, we study whether CL can be applied to complex geometry problems like estimating monocular Visual Odometry (VO). Unlike existing CL approaches, we p... |
An algorithm for solving variational problems with fixed and free boundary conditions using Hermite polynomials is proposed. The properties of Hermite polynomials with the operational matrix of integration are used to reduce a variational problem to the solution of algebraic equations. The method verifies an accurate a... |
The hairpin loop GUAAUA occurs frequently in ribosomal RNA. Optical melting studies show that r(GGCGUAAUAGCC) folds into a hairpin containing this loop. The structural features of the r(GGCGUAAUAGCC) hairpin have been determined by NMR and molecular modeling. NOEs from G4-H1' to A9-H2 and from A9-H2 to G10-H1' show tha... |
BACKGROUND |
An excessive postoperative inflammatory response is common after surgery for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may be associated with an increased incidence of postoperative ileus. This study assessed the role of perioperative dexamethasone in postoperative ileus after IBD surgery. |
METHOD |
Patients undergoing elective IBD surgery were randomized to either an intravenous 8-mg dose of dexamethasone (n = 151) or placebo (n = 151) upon induction of anesthesia. The primary outcome was the incidence of prolonged postoperative ileus. Secondary outcomes included incidence of reported nausea or vomiting, time to ... |
RESULTS |
An intention-to-treat analysis revealed that patients who received dexamethasone exhibited a lower incidence of prolonged postoperative ileus (22.5% vs 38.4%; P = 0.003), shorter time to first passage of stool (28 vs 48 h, P < 0.001), GI-2 recovery (72 vs 120 h; P < 0.001), reduced postoperative length of stay (9.0 vs ... |
CONCLUSION |
A single, intravenous 8-mg dose of dexamethasone upon induction of anesthesia reduced the incidence of prolonged postoperative ileus, the intensity of postoperative pain, and shortened the postoperative length of stay for IBD patients undergoing elective surgery. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03456752.Collectivism, Political ... |
This paper provides a conceptual framework emphasizing the role of culture and the state in understanding gating in different countries, and applies it to examine the long-existing and widespread neighborhood enclosure and gating in Chinese cities. It is argued that the collectivist culture deeply embedded in Chinese s... |
Phytohemagglutinin lectin (PHA) derived from red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) causes bacterial and protozoal colonization of the rat small intestine. To provide additional insights into this phenomenon we have studied the time course and population dynamics of microbial colonization of the major aerobe--facultative... |
Background: The prevalence of diabetes in India has reached alarming levels with 8.7% of population affected as of 2015, which is expected to double in the future. The reasons for the rapid increase in prevalence of diabetes include genetic predilection of Indian population, economic boom, sedentary lifestyle, inadequa... |
Government agencies characteristically face dynamic policy and investment environments yet frequently rely on ad-hoc decision-making methods in response to complexities inherent in their operating landscape. Additionally, standard decision making methods typically undervalue projects by ignoring difficult to value, non... |
In the (ρ<sub>r</sub>, ρ<sub>w</sub>)-adversarial wiretap (AWTP) channel model of [13], a codeword sent over the communication channel is corrupted by an adversary who observes a fraction ρ<sub>r</sub> of the codeword, and adds noise to a fraction ρ<sub>w</sub> of the codeword. The adversary is adaptive and chooses the... |
One of the important technical achievements to protect human health and wellbeing in the 20th century was the widespread development and application of refrigeration for food preservation and building and vehicle cooling using chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants. These compounds are nontoxic at low atmospheric concentratio... |
Developing an in vitro microenvironment using cell-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is a promising approach to efficiently expand adult stem cells for cartilage engineering and regeneration. Ascorbic acid serves as a critical stimulus for cells to synthesize collagens, which constitute the major compo... |
Antimony (Sb) is an element of growing interest, and its toxicity and mobility are strongly influenced by redox processes. Sb(III) oxidation mechanisms in pyrite suspensions were comprehensively investigated by kinetic measurements in oxic and anoxic conditions and simulated sunlight. Sb(III) was oxidized to Sb(V) in b... |
We propose "average regret ratio" as a metric to measure users' satisfaction after a user sees k selected points of a database, instead of all of the points in the database. We introduce the average regret ratio as another means of multi-criteria decision making. Unlike the original k-regret operator that uses the maxi... |
Abstract Increasing concern about the control of the quality of medical care raises the question of the dilution of the physical manpower pool with foreign medical graduates, who constituted 46 per cent of new licentiates in medicine in the United States in 1972. The use of the Educational Council for Foreign Medical G... |
The Multimodal Imaging Brain Connectivity Analysis (MIBCA) toolbox is a fully automated all-in-one connectivity analysis toolbox that offers both pre-processing, connectivity, and graph theory analysis of multimodal images such as anatomical, diffusion, and functional MRI, and PET. In this work, the MIBCA functionaliti... |
Alloy phase formation in nanometre-sized particles has been studied by in-situ transmission electron microscopy using particles in the Sn–Bi system. Observations have been carried out at a temperature (i.e. 350 K) above the eutectic temperature. For tin-rich compositions, with increasing concentration of bismuth, a par... |
BACKGROUND |
Topical exposure to chemical allergens such as trimellitic anhydride or 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene results in the accumulation of dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequent rapid up-regulation of CD4 T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion within draining lymph nodes. |
OBJECTIVE |
We investigated the contribution of antigen-specific and CD40 ligand (CD40L)-mediated signals to chemical allergen-induced CD4 T-cell growth and cytokine production. |
METHODS |
DCs enriched from lymph nodes of allergen-challenged animals by metrizamide centrifugation were used to stimulate cytokine and proliferative responses by magnetic immunobead-sorted CD4 T cells primed in vivo with the same or unrelated allergen. Cultures of DCs and T cells were supplemented with antibodies that block IL... |
RESULTS |
Proliferation of CD4 T cells was stimulated by DCs primed with the same but not unrelated antigen, whereas IFN-gamma, IL-12, and IL-10 secretion were provoked equally well by DCs primed with either hapten. Blockade of CD40L engagement abrogated production of IFN-gamma (80%) and IL-12 (95%) under antigen-nonspecific sti... |
CONCLUSION |
These results show that during the development of chemical sensitization emerging CD4 T-cell growth and cytokine production are regulated by independent mechanisms requiring antigen presentation and CD40 signaling, respectively.Predictive genetic testing in minors for late-onset conditions: a chronological and analytic... |
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