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What language was spoken by Lombard immigrants to Sicily? | <text>What language was spoken by Lombard immigrants to Sicily?</text><reasoning>In addition to having evolved, for the most part, separately from one another and with distinct individual histories, the Latin-based regional Romance languages of Italy are also better classified as separate languages rather than true "di... |
Italian is significantly mutually comprehensible with what other Romance language? | <text>Italian is significantly mutually comprehensible with what other Romance language?</text><reasoning>This can give rise to the situation in which two dialects (defined according to this paradigm) with a somewhat distant genetic relationship are mutually more readily comprehensible than more closely related dialect... |
With what romance language does Spanish not have a high degree of mutual comprehensibility? | <text>With what romance language does Spanish not have a high degree of mutual comprehensibility?</text><reasoning>This can give rise to the situation in which two dialects (defined according to this paradigm) with a somewhat distant genetic relationship are mutually more readily comprehensible than more closely relate... |
What is the reason for French and Italian not being very mutually comprehensible? | <text>What is the reason for French and Italian not being very mutually comprehensible?</text><reasoning>This can give rise to the situation in which two dialects (defined according to this paradigm) with a somewhat distant genetic relationship are mutually more readily comprehensible than more closely related dialects... |
Many instruments originated during what era? | <text>Many instruments originated during what era?</text><reasoning>Many instruments originated during the Renaissance; others were variations of, or improvements upon, instruments that had existed previously. Some have survived to the present day; others have disappeared, only to be recreated in order to perform music... |
What has disappeared, then been recreated in order to perform music of the period? | <text>What has disappeared, then been recreated in order to perform music of the period?</text><reasoning>Many instruments originated during the Renaissance; others were variations of, or improvements upon, instruments that had existed previously. Some have survived to the present day; others have disappeared, only to ... |
Modern day instrument may be classified as brass, string, woodwind and what other classification? | <text>Modern day instrument may be classified as brass, string, woodwind and what other classification?</text><reasoning>Many instruments originated during the Renaissance; others were variations of, or improvements upon, instruments that had existed previously. Some have survived to the present day; others have disapp... |
Who was the president of Moldova in 1996? | <text>Who was the president of Moldova in 1996?</text><reasoning>There have been cases of a variety of speech being deliberately reclassified to serve political purposes. One example is Moldovan. In 1996, the Moldovan parliament, citing fears of "Romanian expansionism", rejected a proposal from President Mircea Snegur ... |
In what year was a Moldovan-Romanian dictionary published? | <text>In what year was a Moldovan-Romanian dictionary published?</text><reasoning>There have been cases of a variety of speech being deliberately reclassified to serve political purposes. One example is Moldovan. In 1996, the Moldovan parliament, citing fears of "Romanian expansionism", rejected a proposal from Preside... |
Fear of what caused the Moldovan parliament to reject changing the name of the country's language to Romanian in 1996? | <text>Fear of what caused the Moldovan parliament to reject changing the name of the country's language to Romanian in 1996?</text><reasoning>There have been cases of a variety of speech being deliberately reclassified to serve political purposes. One example is Moldovan. In 1996, the Moldovan parliament, citing fears ... |
Who was the head of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova? | <text>Who was the head of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova?</text><reasoning>There have been cases of a variety of speech being deliberately reclassified to serve political purposes. One example is Moldovan. In 1996, the Moldovan parliament, citing fears of "Romanian expansionism", rejected a proposal from President ... |
After what war did Moscow begin to repress the Ukrainian language? | <text>After what war did Moscow begin to repress the Ukrainian language?</text><reasoning>After World War II, due to Ukrainian collaborationism with the Axis powers in an attempt to gain independence, Moscow changed its policy towards repression of the Ukrainian language.</reasoning><output>World War II</output> |
Why did Moscow begin to repress the Ukrainian language? | <text>Why did Moscow begin to repress the Ukrainian language?</text><reasoning>After World War II, due to Ukrainian collaborationism with the Axis powers in an attempt to gain independence, Moscow changed its policy towards repression of the Ukrainian language.</reasoning><output>Ukrainian collaborationism with the Axi... |
Why did Ukrainians collaborate with the Axis? | <text>Why did Ukrainians collaborate with the Axis?</text><reasoning>After World War II, due to Ukrainian collaborationism with the Axis powers in an attempt to gain independence, Moscow changed its policy towards repression of the Ukrainian language.</reasoning><output>to gain independence</output> |
What genre was predominately Gregorian chant during the earlier medieval period? | <text>What genre was predominately Gregorian chant during the earlier medieval period?</text><reasoning>During the earlier medieval period, the vocal music from the liturgical genre, predominantly Gregorian chant, was monophonic, using a single, unaccompanied vocal melody line. Polyphonic vocal genres, which used multi... |
What genre uses multiple independent vocal melodies? | <text>What genre uses multiple independent vocal melodies?</text><reasoning>During the earlier medieval period, the vocal music from the liturgical genre, predominantly Gregorian chant, was monophonic, using a single, unaccompanied vocal melody line. Polyphonic vocal genres, which used multiple independent vocal melodi... |
When did the Polyphonic vocal genre begin to develop? | <text>When did the Polyphonic vocal genre begin to develop?</text><reasoning>During the earlier medieval period, the vocal music from the liturgical genre, predominantly Gregorian chant, was monophonic, using a single, unaccompanied vocal melody line. Polyphonic vocal genres, which used multiple independent vocal melod... |
What word means using a single unaccompanied vocal melody line? | <text>What word means using a single unaccompanied vocal melody line?</text><reasoning>During the earlier medieval period, the vocal music from the liturgical genre, predominantly Gregorian chant, was monophonic, using a single, unaccompanied vocal melody line. Polyphonic vocal genres, which used multiple independent v... |
What type of instrument appears occasionally in the 20th and 21st century styles of classical music? | <text>What type of instrument appears occasionally in the 20th and 21st century styles of classical music?</text><reasoning>Electric instruments such as the electric guitar, the electric bass and the ondes Martenot appear occasionally in the classical music of the 20th and 21st centuries. Both classical and popular mus... |
What type of musicians besides classical have experimented with electronic instruments? | <text>What type of musicians besides classical have experimented with electronic instruments?</text><reasoning>Electric instruments such as the electric guitar, the electric bass and the ondes Martenot appear occasionally in the classical music of the 20th and 21st centuries. Both classical and popular musicians have e... |
What type of instrument is the gamelan? | <text>What type of instrument is the gamelan?</text><reasoning>Electric instruments such as the electric guitar, the electric bass and the ondes Martenot appear occasionally in the classical music of the 20th and 21st centuries. Both classical and popular musicians have experimented in recent decades with electronic in... |
Along with British English, what is the major variant of the English language? | <text>Along with British English, what is the major variant of the English language?</text><reasoning>The classification of speech varieties as dialects or languages and their relationship to other varieties of speech can be controversial and the verdicts inconsistent. English and Serbo-Croatian illustrate the point. E... |
What are the two major variants of Serbo-Croatian? | <text>What are the two major variants of Serbo-Croatian?</text><reasoning>The classification of speech varieties as dialects or languages and their relationship to other varieties of speech can be controversial and the verdicts inconsistent. English and Serbo-Croatian illustrate the point. English and Serbo-Croatian ea... |
Are British and American English regarded as distinct languages, or dialects of a single language? | <text>Are British and American English regarded as distinct languages, or dialects of a single language?</text><reasoning>The classification of speech varieties as dialects or languages and their relationship to other varieties of speech can be controversial and the verdicts inconsistent. English and Serbo-Croatian ill... |
Do regional linguists treat Serbian and Croation as distinct languages or as dialects of a single language? | <text>Do regional linguists treat Serbian and Croation as distinct languages or as dialects of a single language?</text><reasoning>The classification of speech varieties as dialects or languages and their relationship to other varieties of speech can be controversial and the verdicts inconsistent. English and Serbo-Cro... |
Why are Serbian and Croatian often treated like distinct languages? | <text>Why are Serbian and Croatian often treated like distinct languages?</text><reasoning>The classification of speech varieties as dialects or languages and their relationship to other varieties of speech can be controversial and the verdicts inconsistent. English and Serbo-Croatian illustrate the point. English and ... |
From the 1750's to the early 1830's is the era of Mozart and what other composer? | <text>From the 1750's to the early 1830's is the era of Mozart and what other composer?</text><reasoning>The term "classical music" has two meanings: the broader meaning includes all Western art music from the Medieval era to today, and the specific meaning refers to the music from the 1750s to the early 1830s—the era ... |
Classical music can mean all Western art music or more specifically from the 1750's to when? | <text>Classical music can mean all Western art music or more specifically from the 1750's to when?</text><reasoning>The term "classical music" has two meanings: the broader meaning includes all Western art music from the Medieval era to today, and the specific meaning refers to the music from the 1750s to the early 183... |
The broad meaning of classical music stretches back from today to what era? | <text>The broad meaning of classical music stretches back from today to what era?</text><reasoning>The term "classical music" has two meanings: the broader meaning includes all Western art music from the Medieval era to today, and the specific meaning refers to the music from the 1750s to the early 1830s—the era of Moz... |
What language could all Western languages be considered dialects of? | <text>What language could all Western languages be considered dialects of?</text><reasoning>One language, Interlingua, was developed so that the languages of Western civilization would act as its dialects. Drawing from such concepts as the international scientific vocabulary and Standard Average European, linguists[who... |
Researchers at what organization study and develop Interlingua? | <text>Researchers at what organization study and develop Interlingua?</text><reasoning>One language, Interlingua, was developed so that the languages of Western civilization would act as its dialects. Drawing from such concepts as the international scientific vocabulary and Standard Average European, linguists[who?] de... |
What was the nationality of high school students who learned Interlingua in a notable linguistic experiment? | <text>What was the nationality of high school students who learned Interlingua in a notable linguistic experiment?</text><reasoning>One language, Interlingua, was developed so that the languages of Western civilization would act as its dialects. Drawing from such concepts as the international scientific vocabulary and ... |
Along with Italian and Spanish, what language could Swedish Interlingua learners translate? | <text>Along with Italian and Spanish, what language could Swedish Interlingua learners translate?</text><reasoning>One language, Interlingua, was developed so that the languages of Western civilization would act as its dialects. Drawing from such concepts as the international scientific vocabulary and Standard Average ... |
Along with Standard Average European, from what concept was Interlingua derived? | <text>Along with Standard Average European, from what concept was Interlingua derived?</text><reasoning>One language, Interlingua, was developed so that the languages of Western civilization would act as its dialects. Drawing from such concepts as the international scientific vocabulary and Standard Average European, l... |
What Italian nationalist spoke of the importance of a national Italian language? | <text>What Italian nationalist spoke of the importance of a national Italian language?</text><reasoning>During the Risorgimento, proponents of Italian republicanism and Italian nationalism, such as Alessandro Manzoni, stressed the importance of establishing a uniform national language in order to better create an Itali... |
During what period was the importance of having an Italian national language raised? | <text>During what period was the importance of having an Italian national language raised?</text><reasoning>During the Risorgimento, proponents of Italian republicanism and Italian nationalism, such as Alessandro Manzoni, stressed the importance of establishing a uniform national language in order to better create an I... |
In what decade was Italy unified? | <text>In what decade was Italy unified?</text><reasoning>During the Risorgimento, proponents of Italian republicanism and Italian nationalism, such as Alessandro Manzoni, stressed the importance of establishing a uniform national language in order to better create an Italian national identity. With the unification of I... |
What percentage of Italians spoke standard Italian when Italy was first unified? | <text>What percentage of Italians spoke standard Italian when Italy was first unified?</text><reasoning>During the Risorgimento, proponents of Italian republicanism and Italian nationalism, such as Alessandro Manzoni, stressed the importance of establishing a uniform national language in order to better create an Itali... |
When Italy was unified, what was named the official national language? | <text>When Italy was unified, what was named the official national language?</text><reasoning>During the Risorgimento, proponents of Italian republicanism and Italian nationalism, such as Alessandro Manzoni, stressed the importance of establishing a uniform national language in order to better create an Italian nationa... |
What type of temperament became accepted during the 18th century? | <text>What type of temperament became accepted during the 18th century?</text><reasoning>While equal temperament became gradually accepted as the dominant musical temperament during the 18th century, different historical temperaments are often used for music from earlier periods. For instance, music of the English Rena... |
When did equal temperament become accepted as the dominant musical temperament? | <text>When did equal temperament become accepted as the dominant musical temperament?</text><reasoning>While equal temperament became gradually accepted as the dominant musical temperament during the 18th century, different historical temperaments are often used for music from earlier periods. For instance, music of th... |
What temperament is the English Renaissance performed in? | <text>What temperament is the English Renaissance performed in?</text><reasoning>While equal temperament became gradually accepted as the dominant musical temperament during the 18th century, different historical temperaments are often used for music from earlier periods. For instance, music of the English Renaissance ... |
In what did the bagpipe fill an important role? | <text>In what did the bagpipe fill an important role?</text><reasoning>Many instruments today associated with popular music filled important roles in early classical music, such as bagpipes, vihuelas, hurdy-gurdies, and some woodwind instruments. On the other hand, instruments such as the acoustic guitar, once associat... |
What instrument gained prominence in the 19th and 20th century? | <text>What instrument gained prominence in the 19th and 20th century?</text><reasoning>Many instruments today associated with popular music filled important roles in early classical music, such as bagpipes, vihuelas, hurdy-gurdies, and some woodwind instruments. On the other hand, instruments such as the acoustic guita... |
Vihuelas and hurdy-gurdies are currently associated with what type of music? | <text>Vihuelas and hurdy-gurdies are currently associated with what type of music?</text><reasoning>Many instruments today associated with popular music filled important roles in early classical music, such as bagpipes, vihuelas, hurdy-gurdies, and some woodwind instruments. On the other hand, instruments such as the a... |
What have classical trained performers done extensively? | <text>What have classical trained performers done extensively?</text><reasoning>Performers who have studied classical music extensively are said to be "classically trained". This training may be from private lessons from instrument or voice teachers or from completion of a formal program offered by a Conservatory, coll... |
What does a B.mus. or M.mus. degree include? | <text>What does a B.mus. or M.mus. degree include?</text><reasoning>Performers who have studied classical music extensively are said to be "classically trained". This training may be from private lessons from instrument or voice teachers or from completion of a formal program offered by a Conservatory, college or unive... |
To what level is training for classical music often required? | <text>To what level is training for classical music often required?</text><reasoning>Performers who have studied classical music extensively are said to be "classically trained". This training may be from private lessons from instrument or voice teachers or from completion of a formal program offered by a Conservatory,... |
Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical what? | <text>Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical what?</text><reasoning>Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. I... |
In the Baroque era, who would improvise preludes? | <text>In the Baroque era, who would improvise preludes?</text><reasoning>Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. In the Baroque era, organ per... |
Who would improvise musical ornaments in the Baroque era? | <text>Who would improvise musical ornaments in the Baroque era?</text><reasoning>Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. In the Baroque era, o... |
Who was noted for his complex improvisations? | <text>Who was noted for his complex improvisations?</text><reasoning>Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. In the Baroque era, organ perform... |
What was Mozart noted for? | <text>What was Mozart noted for?</text><reasoning>Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. In the Baroque era, organ performers would improvise... |
The score does not provide complete and exact instruction on how to do what? | <text>The score does not provide complete and exact instruction on how to do what?</text><reasoning>That said, the score does not provide complete and exact instructions on how to perform a historical work. Even if the tempo is written with an Italian instruction (e.g., Allegro), we do not know exactly how fast the pie... |
In what era were many works designed for basso continuo accompaniment? | <text>In what era were many works designed for basso continuo accompaniment?</text><reasoning>That said, the score does not provide complete and exact instructions on how to perform a historical work. Even if the tempo is written with an Italian instruction (e.g., Allegro), we do not know exactly how fast the piece sho... |
Vibrato and glissando are possible on stringed, brass, woodwind and what other style instrument? | <text>Vibrato and glissando are possible on stringed, brass, woodwind and what other style instrument?</text><reasoning>That said, the score does not provide complete and exact instructions on how to perform a historical work. Even if the tempo is written with an Italian instruction (e.g., Allegro), we do not know exac... |
What are fermatas? | <text>What are fermatas?</text><reasoning>That said, the score does not provide complete and exact instructions on how to perform a historical work. Even if the tempo is written with an Italian instruction (e.g., Allegro), we do not know exactly how fast the piece should be played. As well, in the Baroque era, many wor... |
Works of classical repertoire exhibit what in their use of orchestration and harmony, and form? | <text>Works of classical repertoire exhibit what in their use of orchestration and harmony, and form?</text><reasoning>Works of classical repertoire often exhibit complexity in their use of orchestration, counterpoint, harmony, musical development, rhythm, phrasing, texture, and form. Whereas most popular styles are us... |
What is usually written in song forms? | <text>What is usually written in song forms?</text><reasoning>Works of classical repertoire often exhibit complexity in their use of orchestration, counterpoint, harmony, musical development, rhythm, phrasing, texture, and form. Whereas most popular styles are usually written in song forms, classical music is noted for... |
The concerto, symphony, sonata and opera are examples of what type of musical forms? | <text>The concerto, symphony, sonata and opera are examples of what type of musical forms?</text><reasoning>Works of classical repertoire often exhibit complexity in their use of orchestration, counterpoint, harmony, musical development, rhythm, phrasing, texture, and form. Whereas most popular styles are usually writt... |
A Contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era is described with what prefix? | <text>A Contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era is described with what prefix?</text><reasoning>The prefix neo is used to describe a 20th-century or contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era, such as Classical or Romantic. Stravinsky's Pulcinella, for example, is a neoclass... |
What century were Neoclassical compositions written in? | <text>What century were Neoclassical compositions written in?</text><reasoning>The prefix neo is used to describe a 20th-century or contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era, such as Classical or Romantic. Stravinsky's Pulcinella, for example, is a neoclassical composition because it is stylistica... |
Who wrote Pulcinella? | <text>Who wrote Pulcinella?</text><reasoning>The prefix neo is used to describe a 20th-century or contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era, such as Classical or Romantic. Stravinsky's Pulcinella, for example, is a neoclassical composition because it is stylistically similar to works of the Classi... |
What era is Pulcinella similar to? | <text>What era is Pulcinella similar to?</text><reasoning>The prefix neo is used to describe a 20th-century or contemporary composition written in the style of an earlier era, such as Classical or Romantic. Stravinsky's Pulcinella, for example, is a neoclassical composition because it is stylistically similar to works ... |
Instrument currently used in most classical music where invented before what period? | <text>Instrument currently used in most classical music where invented before what period?</text><reasoning>The instruments currently used in most classical music were largely invented before the mid-19th century (often much earlier) and codified in the 18th and 19th centuries. They consist of the instruments found in ... |
What is the most widely known medium for classical music? | <text>What is the most widely known medium for classical music?</text><reasoning>The instruments currently used in most classical music were largely invented before the mid-19th century (often much earlier) and codified in the 18th and 19th centuries. They consist of the instruments found in an orchestra or in a concer... |
A symphony orchestra includes members of the string, woodwind, percussion and what other family of instruments? | <text>A symphony orchestra includes members of the string, woodwind, percussion and what other family of instruments?</text><reasoning>The instruments currently used in most classical music were largely invented before the mid-19th century (often much earlier) and codified in the 18th and 19th centuries. They consist o... |
What does a symphony orchestra have that is missing from a concert band? | <text>What does a symphony orchestra have that is missing from a concert band?</text><reasoning>The instruments currently used in most classical music were largely invented before the mid-19th century (often much earlier) and codified in the 18th and 19th centuries. They consist of the instruments found in an orchestra... |
What practice has changed a great deal over the classical period? | <text>What practice has changed a great deal over the classical period?</text><reasoning>The instruments currently used in most classical music were largely invented before the mid-19th century (often much earlier) and codified in the 18th and 19th centuries. They consist of the instruments found in an orchestra or in ... |
How is European art music distinguished from non-European and popular music? | <text>How is European art music distinguished from non-European and popular music?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to pres... |
What method is used by composers to prescribe to the performer the pitches, tempo, meter and rhythms for a piece of music? | <text>What method is used by composers to prescribe to the performer the pitches, tempo, meter and rhythms for a piece of music?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Weste... |
What popular styles practice improvisation and ad libitum ornamentation? | <text>What popular styles practice improvisation and ad libitum ornamentation?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescrib... |
Since it is written down, classical music can attain a high level of what? | <text>Since it is written down, classical music can attain a high level of what?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescr... |
How is European art music distinguished from many other musical forms? | <text>How is European art music distinguished from many other musical forms?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescribe ... |
How long has the system of staff notation been in use? | <text>How long has the system of staff notation been in use?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescribe to the performer... |
Jazz and blues use ad libitum and what other ornamentation? | <text>Jazz and blues use ad libitum and what other ornamentation?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescribe to the perf... |
Classic music can a attain a high level of what? | <text>Classic music can a attain a high level of what?</text><reasoning>European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European and popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 16th century. Western staff notation is used by composers to prescribe to the performer the p... |
What was the medieval flute made from? | <text>What was the medieval flute made from?</text><reasoning>Many of the instruments used to perform medieval music still exist, but in different forms. Medieval instruments included the wood flute (which in the 21st century is made of metal), the recorder and plucked string instruments like the lute. As well, early v... |
What was an early version of the fiddle called? | <text>What was an early version of the fiddle called?</text><reasoning>Many of the instruments used to perform medieval music still exist, but in different forms. Medieval instruments included the wood flute (which in the 21st century is made of metal), the recorder and plucked string instruments like the lute. As well... |
What was an early version of the trombone called? | <text>What was an early version of the trombone called?</text><reasoning>Many of the instruments used to perform medieval music still exist, but in different forms. Medieval instruments included the wood flute (which in the 21st century is made of metal), the recorder and plucked string instruments like the lute. As we... |
Medieval instrument in Europe were commonly used how? | <text>Medieval instrument in Europe were commonly used how?</text><reasoning>Many of the instruments used to perform medieval music still exist, but in different forms. Medieval instruments included the wood flute (which in the 21st century is made of metal), the recorder and plucked string instruments like the lute. A... |
Loud, shrill, and outdoor instruments were referred to as 'haut', while quieter, more intimate instruments were referred to as what? | <text>Loud, shrill, and outdoor instruments were referred to as 'haut', while quieter, more intimate instruments were referred to as what?</text><reasoning>Many of the instruments used to perform medieval music still exist, but in different forms. Medieval instruments included the wood flute (which in the 21st century ... |
Performance of classical music requires proficiency in what type of reading? | <text>Performance of classical music requires proficiency in what type of reading?</text><reasoning>Performance of classical music repertoire requires a proficiency in sight-reading and ensemble playing, harmonic principles, strong ear training (to correct and adjust pitches by ear), knowledge of performance practice (... |
Performance of classical music requires proficiency in what type of principles? | <text>Performance of classical music requires proficiency in what type of principles?</text><reasoning>Performance of classical music repertoire requires a proficiency in sight-reading and ensemble playing, harmonic principles, strong ear training (to correct and adjust pitches by ear), knowledge of performance practic... |
Familiarty with the style expected for any given composer is required for what kind of performance? | <text>Familiarty with the style expected for any given composer is required for what kind of performance?</text><reasoning>Performance of classical music repertoire requires a proficiency in sight-reading and ensemble playing, harmonic principles, strong ear training (to correct and adjust pitches by ear), knowledge of... |
What instrument did the modern piano take over for in the Romantic era? | <text>What instrument did the modern piano take over for in the Romantic era?</text><reasoning>In the Romantic era, the modern piano, with a more powerful, sustained tone and a wider range took over from the more delicate-sounding fortepiano. In the orchestra, the existing Classical instruments and sections were retain... |
How many double bass players were typically used in the Baroque orchestra? | <text>How many double bass players were typically used in the Baroque orchestra?</text><reasoning>In the Romantic era, the modern piano, with a more powerful, sustained tone and a wider range took over from the more delicate-sounding fortepiano. In the orchestra, the existing Classical instruments and sections were ret... |
What wasn't rich enough for many Romantic composers? | <text>What wasn't rich enough for many Romantic composers?</text><reasoning>In the Romantic era, the modern piano, with a more powerful, sustained tone and a wider range took over from the more delicate-sounding fortepiano. In the orchestra, the existing Classical instruments and sections were retained (string section,... |
Classical sections were expanded in the Romantic era for a fuller and bigger what? | <text>Classical sections were expanded in the Romantic era for a fuller and bigger what?</text><reasoning>In the Romantic era, the modern piano, with a more powerful, sustained tone and a wider range took over from the more delicate-sounding fortepiano. In the orchestra, the existing Classical instruments and sections ... |
What is a celestes? | <text>What is a celestes?</text><reasoning>In the Romantic era, the modern piano, with a more powerful, sustained tone and a wider range took over from the more delicate-sounding fortepiano. In the orchestra, the existing Classical instruments and sections were retained (string section, woodwinds, brass and percussion)... |
When was the Renaissance era? | <text>When was the Renaissance era?</text><reasoning>The Renaissance era was from 1400 to 1600. It was characterized by greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines, and the use of the first bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms appropriate to accompanying danc... |
What era was from 1400 to 1600? | <text>What era was from 1400 to 1600?</text><reasoning>The Renaissance era was from 1400 to 1600. It was characterized by greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines, and the use of the first bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms appropriate to accompanying da... |
The use of the first ass instruments occurred in what era? | <text>The use of the first ass instruments occurred in what era?</text><reasoning>The Renaissance era was from 1400 to 1600. It was characterized by greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines, and the use of the first bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms app... |
What became widespread in the Renaissance era? | <text>What became widespread in the Renaissance era?</text><reasoning>The Renaissance era was from 1400 to 1600. It was characterized by greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines, and the use of the first bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms appropriate to ... |
Musical forms for dance began to standardize during what era? | <text>Musical forms for dance began to standardize during what era?</text><reasoning>The Renaissance era was from 1400 to 1600. It was characterized by greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines, and the use of the first bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread, so musical forms ... |
In what year did the Vienna Philharmonic face protests in the US? | <text>In what year did the Vienna Philharmonic face protests in the US?</text><reasoning>In 1997, the Vienna Philharmonic was "facing protests during a [US] tour" by the National Organization for Women and the International Alliance for Women in Music. Finally, "after being held up to increasing ridicule even in social... |
Who was the first woman admitted to the Vienna Philharmonic? | <text>Who was the first woman admitted to the Vienna Philharmonic?</text><reasoning>In 1997, the Vienna Philharmonic was "facing protests during a [US] tour" by the National Organization for Women and the International Alliance for Women in Music. Finally, "after being held up to increasing ridicule even in socially co... |
How many female members were part of the Vienna Philharmonic in 2013? | <text>How many female members were part of the Vienna Philharmonic in 2013?</text><reasoning>In 1997, the Vienna Philharmonic was "facing protests during a [US] tour" by the National Organization for Women and the International Alliance for Women in Music. Finally, "after being held up to increasing ridicule even in so... |
Who was the Vienna Philharmonic's first female concertmaster? | <text>Who was the Vienna Philharmonic's first female concertmaster?</text><reasoning>In 1997, the Vienna Philharmonic was "facing protests during a [US] tour" by the National Organization for Women and the International Alliance for Women in Music. Finally, "after being held up to increasing ridicule even in socially c... |
What is the name of the modified member of the horn family appearing in several works by Strauss? | <text>What is the name of the modified member of the horn family appearing in several works by Strauss?</text><reasoning>The Wagner tuba, a modified member of the horn family, appears in Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and several other works by Strauss, Béla Bartók, and others; it has a prominent role i... |
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