sentence1 stringlengths 1 133k | sentence2 stringlengths 1 131k |
|---|---|
the English Honourable East India Company, lays claim to Table Bay in Africa. July 25 (July 15 OS) – The armed merchant ship Mayflower embarks about 65 emigrants for New England at or near her home port of Rotherhithe on the Thames east of London; about July 29 (July 19 OS) she anchors in Southampton Water. August 1 (J... | to Plymouth Colony. November 8 – Thirty Years' War: Battle of White Mountain – Catholic forces are victorious in only two hours near Prague. November 21 (November 11 OS) – The Mayflower arrives inside the tip of Cape Cod (named from the Concord voyage of 1602), at what becomes known as Provincetown Harbor, with the Pil... |
June 21 – Thirty Years' War: Twenty-seven Czech lords are executed on the Old Town Square in Prague, as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain. June 24 – Huguenot rebellions: Saint-Jean-d'Angély is taken, after a 26-day siege by Royal forces. July–December July 25 – Thirty Years' War – Battle of Neu Titschein: R... | – Michael Angelo Immenraet, Flemish painter (d. 1683) October 20 – Şehzade Ömer, Ottoman prince (d. 1622) October 21 Nicholas Barré, French Minim friar, priest and founder (d. 1686) Richard Standish, English politician (d. 1662) October 23 – Lord John Stewart, Scottish aristocrat, Royalist commander in the English Civi... |
common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe August – Treaty of Verdun: The Frankish Empire is divided into three kingdoms, between the three surviving sons of the late emperor Louis the Pious. King Louis the German receives the eastern portion (eve... | a Breton war between Charles the Bald and Nominoe, duke of Brittany. Summer – Viking raiders attack Nantes, located on the River Loire; they kill the town's bishop along with many of the clergy, and murder men, women and children. They plunder the western parts of Aquitaine and reach an island north of the mouth of the... |
III ("the Short") begins a Frankish military expedition down the Rhône Valley, and receives the submission of eastern Septimania (i.e. Nîmes, Melguelh, Agde and Béziers), after securing Count Ansemund's allegiance. Siege of Narbonne: Pepin III lays siege to the fortress city of Narbonne, occupied by Gothic-Muslim force... | Khaijite sect), driving their remnants south into the Nafusa Mountains (northwestern Libya). Abd al-Rahman ibn Habib al-Fihri launches an assault on the island of Sardinia, perhaps the beginning of the occupation of the island by the Muslim Arabs that lasts until 1005. He also attempts to invade Sicily, but finds the d... |
the Lombards, and becomes the first temporal sovereign of the Papal States. He is succeeded by his brother Paul I, as the 93rd pope of the Catholic Church. Births April 26 – Hisham I, Muslim emir (d. 796) Gisela, Frankish abbess (d. 810) Liu Ji, general of the Tang Dynasty (d. 810) Yeshe Tsogyal, consort of Trisong Det... | Yan, is murdered by his own son An Qingxu at Luoyang. He succeeds his father, and appoints Shi Siming as his deputy. The military leaders of the Tang Dynasty are able to retake both of the capitals at Chang'an and at Luoyang. The rebel army is forced to retreat east. Battle of Suiyang: A Tang garrison (7,000 men) under... |
Zhong Zong is assassinated, allegedly poisoned by Empress Wei, who fails to install her daughter Li Guo'er as heir to the throne. Princess Taiping and her nephew Li Longji launch a coup, and restore Rui Zong as emperor. The Asuka period, the second and last part of the Yamato period, ends, and the Nara period begins; H... | Peninsula. Tariq ibn Ziyad is appointed governor of Tangier (Morocco), and establishes a Moorish garrison of 1,700 men. Lupus I, duke of Gascony, is assassinated in his attempt to seize Limoges (France). Eudes becomes ruler over both Gascony and Aquitaine. The Madara Rider, an early medieval rock relief, is carved on t... |
is captured by the Visigoths and becomes a hostage during their move from the Italian Peninsula to Gaul. Alaric I marches southwards into Calabria and makes plans to invade Africa. But a storm destroys his Gothic fleet and many of his soldiers drown. Alaric dies in Cosenza, probably of fever, and his body is buried alo... | God and others, comparatively few Roman men are killed and women raped. Only two churches are burned, and people who took refuge in churches are usually spared. Many Romans who survived the Sack flee to Africa, or to the Eastern Empire (see Saint Jerome). It is the first time since 390 BC that Rome has fallen to an ene... |
ran from January 1, 1470, to | January 1, 1470, to |
from January 1, 1480, to December 31, | 1480, to December 31, 1489. Significant |
1450, to December 31, 1459. | ran from January 1, 1450, to |
The 1150s was a decade of the Julian Calendar | on January 1, 1150, and ended on December |
Ireland. Abbasid Caliphate January 5 – Caliph Al-Mu'tasim dies at Samarra (modern Iraq), after an eight years of reign. He is succeeded by his son Al-Wathiq, as ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate. Abbasid caliph Al-Wathiq appointed his brother, Jaʽfar ibn Muhammad al-Mutasim (future al-Mutawakkil) as Leader of Hajj in 842.... | – King Alfonso II of Asturias (Northern Spain) dies after a 50-year reign, in which he undertook numerous campaigns against the Muslim armies of the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba, and allied himself with the late Charlemagne. The childless Alfonso chooses Ramiro I, son of former king Bermudo I, as his successor. Britain U... |
to al-Mansur, under Abu Muslim, at Nisibis (modern Turkey). Asia Jianzhen, Chinese Buddhist monk, arrives in Nara, where he is welcomed by former emperor Shōmu and empress Kōmyō. During his visit Jianzhen introduces sugar to the Japanese court, using it to mask the flavors of foul-tasting herbal tea. A Tang census show... | Caliphate. November – Abdallah ibn Ali, governor of Syria and uncle of as-Saffah, launches a claim for the caliphate, but is defeated by forces loyal to al-Mansur, under Abu Muslim, at Nisibis (modern Turkey). Asia Jianzhen, Chinese Buddhist monk, arrives in Nara, where he is welcomed by former emperor Shōmu and empres... |
in 695. He starts a campaign against the Saxons and seizes Eresburg, destroying the Irminsul (Saxon sacred tree) near Paderborn. Charlemagne devastates several major Saxon strongholds, and forces them to retreat beyond the Weser River. After negotiating with some Saxon nobles and obtaining hostages, he installs a numbe... | negotiating with some Saxon nobles and obtaining hostages, he installs a number of garrisons. King Desiderius of the Lombards, enraged by the repudiation by Charlemagne of his daughter Desiderata, proclaims Gerberga's sons lawful heirs to the Frankish throne. He attacks Pope Adrian I for refusing to crown them, and inv... |
but it is defeated and driven out (at Pope Adrian I's urging) by the Frankish army, allied with the forces of Benevento. She breaks off the engagement (see 782) between her son Constantine VI and the Frankish princess Rotrude, daughter of King Charlemagne. Europe August 26 – Arechis II, autonomous prince (or duke) of B... | 787 (DCCLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 787 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire... |
795 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe Saxon War: The Slav Obodrites, under their ruler Witzan, attack the northern Saxons in Liuni. He is killed in an ambush and succeeded by his s... | creates the Hispanic Marches, a buffer zone beyond the former province of Septimania. A group of Iberian lordships form a defensive barrier between the Umayyad Moors of Al-Andalus (modern Spain) and the Frankish Kingdom. Britain Quarrels between the kings Cynan Dindaethwy and Hywel leave the way open for Caradog ap Mei... |
Julian calendar. The denomination 755 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe September – Abd al-Rahman I, a member of the Umayyad Dynasty, lands at Almuñécar in al-Andalus (modern Spain... | of the Umayyad Dynasty, lands at Almuñécar in al-Andalus (modern Spain), where over the next years he will establish the Emirate of Córdoba. Teodato Ipato is deposed and blinded, after a 13-year reign. He is succeeded by Galla Gaulo, who usurps the ducal throne of Venice. Britain The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle's description... |
Holy Spirit) are equal. The council decides that Easter is celebrated on the first Sunday after the first full moon after the vernal equinox. Arius is exiled to Illyria; his works are confiscated and consigned to the flames. The Church of the Nativity is built in Bethlehem. Births Ammianus Marcellinus, Roman historian ... | as emperor of the Eastern Jin dynasty. During his reign, he is largely advised by regents, his uncle Yu Liang and high-level officials. By topic Art Constantine the Great, from the Basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, Rome, is started to be made. It is now kept at Palazzo dei Conservatori, Rome. Religion May 20 – Fir... |
December 31, 389. Significant people References | January 1, 380, to December |
used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire Emperor Gratian moves the capital to Mediolanum (modern Milan). Because of his Christian beliefs, he eliminates Pontifex Maximus as Imperial title. Gratian also re... | emperor Theodosius I that makes his people foederati in a state within a state. Athanaric dies 2 weeks later after an 18-year reign in which he has been undisputed king of all the Goths for just 1 year. The peace will continue until Theodosius's death in 395. The Sciri ally themselves with the Huns. By topic Religion F... |
1, 640, to December 31, 649. | Significant people References Sources |
Significant people Popes: Martin I, Eugene I, Vitalian Byzantine Emperor: Constans | 650, to December 31, 659. Significant people |
The 660s decade ran from January | to December 31, 669. Significant people References |
ran from January 1, 670, to | ran from January 1, 670, to December |
from January 1, 680, to December | 1, 680, to December 31, |
The 690s decade ran from January 1, 690, | The 690s decade ran from January 1, |
policy of iconoclasm. Constantine seeks the support of the Anatolic theme. Europe October 22 – Charles Martel, Merovingian mayor of the palace, dies in his palace at Quirzy-sur-Oise (modern-day Picardy). His territories are divided between his adult sons Carloman and Pepin the Short, although the Frankish Kingdom has h... | successful, but fails to conquer Kairouan from the loyalists. A more radical branch of the Tunisian Kharijites, (the Sufrists) however, manages to take the city soon after. By topic Religion November 28 – Pope Gregory III dies at Rome, after a 10-year reign. He is succeeded by Zachary, as the 91st pope of the Catholic ... |
(DCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 688 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Byzantine Empire By... | Wessex abdicates the throne and departs on a pilgrimage to Rome, possibly because of the wounds he suffered while fighting on the Isle of Wight. The power vacuum is filled by Ine, son of his second cousin, sub-king Coenred of Dorset. King Æthelred of Mercia establishes Mercian dominance over most of Southern England. H... |
spies in Pliska, and assembles an enormous force (80,000 men). He surprises the Bulgarians, who did not expect to find a Byzantine army there, and defeats them decisively. The Bulgars suffer heavy losses. Telerig sends a message to Constantine V, stating that he is going to flee in exile to Constantinople. In exchange,... | a small raiding army (12,000 men) to strike into the southwest of Macedonia, and capture Berzitia. Emperor Constantine V is informed about this raid by his spies in Pliska, and assembles an enormous force (80,000 men). He surprises the Bulgarians, who did not expect to find a Byzantine army there, and defeats them deci... |
Khaganate attempts to expel Kutrigurs who had fled the Göktürks, ordering them to go south of the Sava River; those who leave generally fall under rule of the Turks. Britain Æthelric succeeds his brother Adda as king of Bernicia (modern Scotland). He rules from 568–572 (approximate date). Battle of Wibbandun: Ceawlin o... | Provence (Southern Gaul). Avar Khaganate attempts to expel Kutrigurs who had fled the Göktürks, ordering them to go south of the Sava River; those who leave generally fall under rule of the Turks. Britain Æthelric succeeds his brother Adda as king of Bernicia (modern Scotland). He rules from 568–572 (approximate date).... |
January 1, 470, to December 31, | decade ran from January 1, |
(d. 1687) February 18 – Giovanni Giuseppe Cosattini, Italian painter (d. 1699) February 21 – Joan Huydecoper II, Dutch mayor (d. 1704) March 1 – William Gregory, English politician and judge (d. 1696) March 14 – Daniel Gittard, French architect (d. 1686) March 25 Ann, Lady Fanshawe, English memoirist (d. 1680) John Col... | for his entire reign, restricting him to one year instead. July–December July – The Barbary pirates first attack south-western England. In August they enslave about 60 people from Mount's Bay in Cornwall. August 6 – Ernest Casimir of Nassau-Dietz is appointed as stadtholder of Groningen. August 16 – Ernest Casimir of N... |
February 28 – Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford (d. 1703) March 9 Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk, English noble (d. 1677) Walter Moyle, English politician (d. 1701) March 14 – Roelant Roghman, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. 1692) March 27 – Sir Stephen Fox, English politician (d. 1716) April–June April 9 – Johann C... | – Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford (d. 1703) March 9 Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk, English noble (d. 1677) Walter Moyle, English politician (d. 1701) March 14 – Roelant Roghman, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. 1692) March 27 – Sir Stephen Fox, English politician (d. 1716) April–June April 9 – Johann Caspar Kerll,... |
the Duke of Nevers, who is supported by France. William Harvey publishes Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus in Frankfurt, containing his findings about blood circulation. Publication of Sir Edward Coke's Institutes of the Lawes of England begins with A Commentary upon Littleton. This will r... | 1677) June 15 – Walter Marshall, British theologian (d. 1680) June 21 – Alexander Parker, English Quaker preacher and author (d. 1689) June 30 – Miguel de Molinos, Spanish mystic (d. 1696) July–September July 11 – Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese warlord (d. 1701) July 12 – Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (d. 1684) July ... |
(d. 1682) January 13 – Lelio Colista, Italian composer and lutenist (d. 1680) January 16 – Theodorick Bland of Westover, American politician (d. 1671) January 23 – Adolph, Prince of Nassau-Schaumburg and Count of Nassau-Schaumburg (1653–1676) (d. 1676) February 5 – Henry Muddiman, English journalist and publisher (d. 1... | Walcot, British judge (d. 1685) August 10 – Agostino Scilla, Italian painter and scientist (d. 1700) August 12 – Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria, Austrian archduchess (d. 1685) August 17 – King John III Sobieski, of Poland (d. 1696) August 18 – Agneta Horn, Swedish writer (d. 1672) August 20 – Matthew Wren, Engli... |
modern-day Alabama, killing paramount chief Tuskaloosa. Date unknown Europe is hit by a heat wave and drought lasting for about seven months. Rivers such as the Rhine and Seine dry up, and many people die from dysentery and other illnesses, caused by lack of safe drinking water. However, this year's vintage from Würzbu... | the Ottoman Empire, and many of its leading citizens are taken as captives to Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera in Morocco. This leads to construction of the defensive Charles V Wall, at this time known as the Muralla de San Benito. September 3 – Gelawdewos succeeds his father Lebna Dengel as Emperor of Ethiopia. September 2... |
of Guise. March 7 – A Spanish-led expedition, commanded by Juan de la Cerda, 4th Duke of Medinaceli, overruns the Tunisian island of Djerba. March 17 – Leaders of the Amboise conspiracy, including Godefroy de Barry, seigneur de La Renaudie, make an unsuccessful attempt to storm the château of Amboise, where the young F... | was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June January 7 – In the Kingdom of Scotland, French troops commanded by Henri Cleutin and Captain Corbeyran de Cardaillac Sarlabous sail across the Firth of Forth from Leith, which they are occupying, and fig... |
September – John Spofford arrives in Boston Harbor, on the ship John of London, and is one of the first people to establish Rowely, Essex County, Massachusetts. October 21 – The Great Thunderstorm breaks out in Widecombe-in-the-Moor, England. November – The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is summoned to Glas... | Construction begins on the Red Fort in Delhi (India) for Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan who is transferring his capital there from Agra. May 23 – The Kandyan Treaty is signed between Singhala King Rajasimha II and the Dutch, to rid Ceylon of the Portuguese. June 20 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Kallo: Spanish troops under ... |
off the coast of Flanders. August 8–9 – The Spanish are unable to reach the coast of Flanders, to meet up with the army of the Duke of Parma. The Duke of Medina Sidonia decides to return to Spain. August 12 – The fleeing Spanish fleet sails past the Firth of Forth, and the English call off their pursuit. Much of the Sp... | 12 – Herman de Neyt, Flemish painter (d. 1642) March 21 – Egon VIII of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg, Bavarian count and field-marshal (d. 1635) March 22 – Frederick IX, Margrave of Brandenburg, Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (d. 1611) March 27 – Celestyn Myślenta, Polish theologian (d. 1653) March 29 – Margherita ... |
full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1453rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 453rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 53rd year of the 15th century, and the 4th year of the 1450s decade. It is sometimes cited as the notional end of the Middle Ages by historians who define the mediev... | and Fall of Constantinople: The Ottoman Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror puts a decisive final end to the Eastern Roman Empire, nearly one and a half thousand years after its foundation by Augustus, by capturing the capital, Constantinople. Mortars are (perhaps) used in battle for the first time in this action. The conseque... |
31, 1209. Significant people References | 1200, and ended on December 31, |
the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1300, | ended on December 31, 1309. Significant people |
January 1, 1310, and ended on December 31, | Significant people Louis the Bavarian Wang Zhen |
1320, and ended on December 31, 1329. Significant | 1320, and ended on December 31, 1329. Significant |
1380s was a decade of the Julian Calendar | December 31, 1389. Significant people References |
The 430s decade ran from | 1, 430, to December 31, |
work The City of God and other works that will have influence on Christianity. Saint Patrick reaches Ireland on his missionary expedition (approximate date). Peter the Iberian founds a Georgian monastery near Bethlehem. Births Asclepigenia, Athenian philosopher and mystic (d. 485) Julius Nepos, Western Roman Emperor (d... | along the Mediterranean Sea, and lay siege to Hippo Regius (where Augustine has recently been bishop). Flavius Aetius gains appointment as master of both services (magister utriusque militiae), after gaining victories in Gaul over Visigoth and Frankish forces. The Huns led by Octar attack the Burgundians, who occupied ... |
Carthaginian invasion. Roman Republic The Battle of Mount Gaurus is fought between the Romans and the Samnites. The battle is a success for the Romans, who, it is said, are led by Marcus Valerius Corvus. Fought at the foot of Mount Gaurus, near Cumae, it is the most notable engagement of the First Samnite War. China In... | Aristotle, is invited by Philip II to his capital at Pella to tutor his son, Alexander. As the leading intellectual figure in Greece, Aristotle is commissioned to prepare Alexander for his future role as a military leader. Philip begins a series of campaigns in Thrace with the aim of annexing it to be a province of Mac... |
Lombards, at Pavia. Charlemagne repudiates his Lombard wife Desiderata, daughter of Desiderius, after one year of marriage. He marries the 13-year-old Swabian girl Hildegard, who will bear him nine children. Desiderius, furious at Charlemagne, plans a punitive campaign against the Franks and Rome. Britain King Offa of ... | the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Europe December 4 – King Carloman I, youngest son of Pepin III ("the Short"), dies (of a severe nosebleed, according to one source) at the Villa of Samoussy, leaving his brother Charlemagne sole ruler of the now reunified Frankish Kingdom. Gerberga, the w... |
1, 1090, and ended on December 31, | 1090s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began |
the Crusader host while they are looting local villages. The Fatimids are repulsed, the towns further south generally follow the example of Beirut. The Crusaders move on to Tyre – Raymond IV decides to wait for two days to allow a force under Baldwin of Le Bourg (supported by knights from Antioch) to catch up with him.... | display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place First Crusade January 16 – The Crusaders, under Raymond IV, count of Toulouse (Raymond of Saint-Gilles), leave Antioch, and head south towards Jerusalem. They are joined by forces of Tancred (a nephew of Bohemond I) and Robert II, duke of Normandy. Raym... |
June 28 – Following the Holy Lance discovery by Peter Bartholomew in Antioch, the Crusaders under Bohemond I (leaving only 200 men) sortie from the city and defeat the Seljuk army. Kerbogha is forced to withdraw to Mosul, the garrison in the citadel surrenders to Bohemond personally (who raises his banner above the cit... | establishes the first crusader state. Baldwin marries Arda of Armenia, daughter of Lord Thoros of Marash, and consolidates his conquered territory. June 3 – Siege of Antioch: The Crusaders under Bohemond I capture Antioch after a 8-month siege. He established secret contact with Firouz, an Armenian guard who controlled... |
unknown Publication of Moses Amyraut's Traite des Religions. Antonio Colmenero de Ledesma's Chocolate: or, An Indian Drinke. Births January–March January 1 or 1632 – Katherine Philips, Anglo-Welsh poet (d. 1664) January 2 – Anthonie van Borssom, Dutch painter (d. 1677) January 6 – Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton... | cardinal (d. 1704) September 1 – Anne Crawford-Lindsay, Scottish noblewoman (d. 1689) September 6 – Charles Porter, English-born judge (d. 1696) September 29 Richard Edlin, English astrologer (d. 1677) Johann Heinrich Roos, Dutch painter (d. 1685) October–December October 1 Toussaint de Forbin-Janson, French Catholic c... |
Governor of Jersey (d. 1703) November 11 – George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, English writer and statesman (d. 1695) November 15 – Gesina ter Borch, Dutch Golden Age painter (d. 1690) November 20 – Étienne de Carheil, French Jesuit priest, missionary to the Iroquois and Huron Indians (d. 1726) November 26 – Johann... | arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. Fire engines are used for the first time in England in order to control and extinguish a fire that breaks out at London Bridge, but not before 43 houses are destroyed. March 1 – Samuel de Champlain reclaims his role as commander of New France, on behalf of Cardinal ... |
of the Julian Calendar which began on | which began on January 1, 1070, and ended on December 31, |
John Doukas and his political advisor Michael Psellos (after his return in Constantinople). Michael VII (Doukas) is crowned co-emperor – and his mother Eudokia is forced to retire to a monastery. Europe February 22 – Battle of Cassel: Robert I (the Frisian) defeats his sister-in-law Richilde (widow of Baldwin VI) and h... | Byzantine army (35,000 men) under Emperor Romanos IV meets the Seljuk Turk forces of Sultan Alp Arslan, near the town of Manzikert. Although the armies are initially evenly matched, as the Byzantines advance, the Seljuk Turks withdraw before them, launching hit-and-run attacks on the Byzantine flanks. While attempting ... |
Calendar which began on January 1, 1060, and ended on December 31, 1069. Significant people | 1060s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began |
the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1170, and | a decade of the Julian Calendar which |
ran from January 1, 900, to | 1, 900, to December 31, |
January 1, 1100, and ended on December 31, 1109. Significant people | 1109. Significant people Henry I of England Su Song |
910s decade ran from January 1, | to December 31, 919. Significant |
ran from January 1, 920, to | ran from January 1, 920, to |
930s decade ran from January | 930s decade ran from January 1, |
ran from January 1, 940, to | 1, 940, to December 31, 949. |
January 1, 950, to December | decade ran from January |
ran from January 1, 960, to | decade ran from January 1, |
963–986 Eric the Red (950–1003), Norse Explorer Richard I of Normandy (933–996), Duke of Normandy, r. 942–996 Mieszko I of Poland (945?–992), Duke of Poland, r. c.960–992 | ran from January 1, 970, to December 31, 979. Significant people Mar Abdisho I, Patriarch of the |
from January 1, 980, to December | December 31, 989. Significant people |
from January 1, 990, | The 990s decade ran from |
near Mecklenburg. The Elbe Slavs are forced to pay tribute, and accept a peace agreement. England November 23 – King Eadred (or Edred) dies childless after a 9-year reign at Frome (Somerset). He is succeeded by his 15-year-old nephew, Eadwig, as King of England. Africa The Kharijite Banu Ya'la tribe revolts against the... | the Hungarians along the Lech River. The German losses are heavy, among them Conrad ("the Red") and many other nobles. The commanders of the Hungarian army, Bulcsú and Lehel, are captured and executed. This victory puts an end to the Hungarian campaigns into West Europe. October 16 – Battle on the Raxa: Otto I, allied ... |
Danegelds. November 19: The beginning of the reign of Al-Qadir, Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad, under the tutelage of the Buyids and following the deposition of At-Ta'i. Unknown dates Count Odo I of Blois, who captured Melun, is driven out of the city by the coalition of King Hugh Capet, Count Fulk III of Anjou and Richard ... | of Pope John XV, who had no involvement in the decision. August 11: Following a raid by Olaf Tryggvason at the mouth of the River Thames, ealdorman Byrhtnoth is killed in the Battle of Maldon in Essex, which is commemorated in the Old English poem The Battle of Maldon. Æthelred the Unready is forced to pay a tribute of... |
in this numbering scheme. The Anno Domini dating system was devised in AD 525 by Dionysius Exiguus. The Julian calendar, a 45 BC reform of the Roman calendar, was the calendar used by Rome in AD 1. Events By place Roman Empire Tiberius, under order of Emperor Augustus, quells revolts in Germania (AD 1–5). Asia Confuciu... | year 0 in this numbering scheme. The Anno Domini dating system was devised in AD 525 by Dionysius Exiguus. The Julian calendar, a 45 BC reform of the Roman calendar, was the calendar used by Rome in AD 1. Events By place Roman Empire Tiberius, under order of Emperor Augustus, quells revolts in Germania (AD 1–5). Asia C... |
Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Monday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Lamia and Servilius (or, less frequently, year 756 Ab urbe condita). The denomination "AD 3" for thi... | years. Events By place Roman Empire The rule of Emperor Augustus is renewed for a ten-year period. Europe Five German tribes are unified by Marbod, king of the Marcomanni. The unification of the five tribes represents a direct threat to Rome in the area that will become Silesia and Saxony. China Wang Mang foils a plot ... |
represented by their King Segimer. Arminius and Flavus, sons of Segimer, are brought into the Roman army as leaders of the auxiliary troops. Julia the Elder returns from exile to live in Rhegium in disgrace. Augustus pardons Gnaeus Cornelius Cinna Magnus, along with Aemilia Lepida, the granddaughter of Marcus Aemilius ... | Emperor Augustus summons Tiberius to Rome, and names him his heir and future emperor. At the same time, Agrippa Postumus, the last son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, is also adopted and named as Augustus' heir. Tiberius also adopts Germanicus as his own heir. The Lex Aelia Sentia regulates the manumission of slaves. A pa... |
on Thursday of the Julian calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Messalla and Cinna (or, less frequently, year 758 Ab urbe condita). The denomination "AD 5" for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in... | ambassadors to Rome. Tiberius conquers Germania Inferior. Agrippina the Elder marries Germanicus, her second cousin. Livilla marries Drusus Julius Caesar, son of Tiberius. Births Habib the Carpenter, Syrian disciple, martyr Paul the Apostle, Jewish leader of the Christians Ruzi Ying, great-grandson of Xuan of Han (d. A... |
freedmen and slaves freed specifically for the purpose. Tiberius marches back from the northern border to Illyricum to commence operations against the Illyrians. Gaius Caecina Severus is made governor of Moesia, and is heavily involved in the first battles of the Bellum Batonianum or Great Illyrian Revolt. Marcus Plaut... | the city of Wiesbaden. The Illyrian tribes in Dalmatia and Pannonia revolt and begin the Bellum Batonianum or Great Illyrian Revolt. Troops are levied in Rome to send to Illyricum from freedmen and slaves freed specifically for the purpose. Tiberius marches back from the northern border to Illyricum to commence operati... |
of the Temple of Concord begins. China Zhai Yi, Governor of the Commandery of Dong (modern Puyang, Henan) declares Liu Zin, Marquess of Yang Xiang (modern Tai'an, Shandong), emperor. This proves to be the largest of the rebellions against Emperor Ruzi of Han. Wang Mang puts down the rebellion during the winter. Zhai is... | charged with organizing Germania between the Rhine and Elbe rivers. He carries out a census, devises tributes and recruits soldiers, all of which creates dissension among the Germanic tribes. Abgarus of Edessa is deposed as king of Osroene. Construction of the Temple of Concord begins. China Zhai Yi, Governor of the Co... |
the River Bathinus, but the Great Illyrian Revolt continues. Vipsania Julia is exiled. Lucius Aemilius Paullus and his family are disgraced. Augustus breaks off the engagement of Claudius to Paullus' daughter Aemilia Lepida. An effort is made to betrothe Claudius to Livia Medullina Camilla. Roman poet Ovid is banished ... | is found in the Temple of Jerusalem reasoning with the learned men of Judea. China Start of Chushi era of the Chinese Han Dynasty. Wang Mang crushes a rebellion by Chai I, and on the winter solstice (which has been dated January 10 of the following year) officially assumes the title emperor, establishing the short-live... |
the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for counting years. Events By place Roman Empire Differentiation of localized Teutonic tribes of the Irminones. Senatus consultum Silanianum is adopted. Central Asia The Greek dynasty in Bactria is brought to an end. China The usurper Wang Mang (who rul... | Roman Empire Differentiation of localized Teutonic tribes of the Irminones. Senatus consultum Silanianum is adopted. Central Asia The Greek dynasty in Bactria is brought to an end. China The usurper Wang Mang (who rules during a brief interregnum known as the Xin Dynasty) outlaws the private purchase and use of crossbo... |
Events By place Roman Empire Germania Inferior and the Rhine are secured by Germanicus. Emperor Augustus abandons his plan to create a defensive border at the Elbe, in order to reinforce the Roman defenses along the Rhine and the Danube. An edict is issued effecting an empire-wide ban on divinatory practices, especiall... | Germanicus. Emperor Augustus abandons his plan to create a defensive border at the Elbe, in order to reinforce the Roman defenses along the Rhine and the Danube. An edict is issued effecting an empire-wide ban on divinatory practices, especially astrology. The edict requires any consultation between a |
full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Capito (or, less frequently, year 765 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 12 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe ... | will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Capito (or, less frequently, year 765 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 12 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent ... |
14 – Sir John Reresby, 2nd Baronet, 17th-century English politician and diarist (d. 1689) April 25 – Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester, English politician (d. 1683) May 4 – Lady Katherine Ferrers, English aristocrat and heiress (d. 1660) May 7 – Richard Legh, English politician (d. 1687) May 8 – Alexander Stuart, ... | Reresby, 2nd Baronet, 17th-century English politician and diarist (d. 1689) April 25 – Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester, English politician (d. 1683) May 4 – Lady Katherine Ferrers, English aristocrat and heiress (d. 1660) May 7 – Richard Legh, English politician (d. 1687) May 8 – Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Mo... |
June 3 – Philippe Quinault, French writer (d. 1688) June 10 – Federico Caccia, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (d. 1699) June 15 – Theodor Undereyk, German theologian (d. 1693) June 20 – Patrick Chaworth, 3rd Viscount Chaworth, Irish politician (d. 1693) June 21 – Laurent d'Arvieux, French traveler (d. 1702) July–Septembe... | Pearl Mosque at Lahore Fort is completed. Nagyszombat University (predecessor of Budapest University) is established. Boston Latin School, the oldest school in the United States of America, is founded in Boston, Massachusetts. Japan forbids merchants to travel abroad, under penalty of death. A Japanese imperial memoran... |
de Fermat makes a notation, in a document margin, claiming to have proof of what will become known as Fermat's Last Theorem. René Descartes promotes intellectual rigour in his Discourse on the Method, and introduces the Cartesian coordinate system in its appendix La Géométrie (published in Leiden). France places a few ... | Samuel Pitiscus, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1727) April–June April 6 – Sir William Whitmore, 2nd Baronet, English politician and baronet (d. 1699) April 16 Jean-Jacques Clérion, French sculptor who worked mainly for King Louis XIV (d. 1714) Johan Vibe, Norwegian noble (d. 1710) April 19 – Mateo Cerezo, Spanish artist ... |
noblewoman, grandmother of George II of Great Britain, great-grandmother of Frederick the Great (d. 1722) January 5 – Otto Wilhelm Königsmarck, Swedish military officer (d. 1688) January 16 – John Proby, English politician (d. 1710) January 17 – Sir Francis Lee, 4th Baronet, English Member of Parliament (d. 1667) Janua... | is signed between Charles I and the Scots. July–December August 22 – The British East India Company buys a strip of land from King Peda Venkata Raya of the Vijayanagara Empire for the construction of Fort St. George, the first settlement of British India, so founding modern-day Chennai, capital city of the Indian state... |
the distances to one tenth that of 10BASE-T. Another faction wanted to change to a polling architecture from the hub (they called it "Demand Priority Protocol") in order to maintain the 10BASE-T distances, and also to make it a deterministic protocol. The first faction argued that, since IEEE 802.3 was the Ethernet com... | the higher frequencies required by Fast Ethernet and to leverage existing wiring installations of Category 3 cabling that most organizations had recently installed to support 10 megabit twisted-pair Ethernet. This had the additional advantage of being less susceptible to external sources of RF interference such as othe... |
reflected, rather than dissipated, when it reaches the end. This reflected signal is indistinguishable from a collision, so no communication can take place. Some terminators have a metallic chain attached to them for grounding purposes. The cable should be grounded at one end. Grounding the terminators at both may prod... | terminators have a metallic chain attached to them for grounding purposes. The cable should be grounded at one end. Grounding the terminators at both may produce a ground loop and can cause network outages or data corruption when swells of electricity traverse the coaxial cabling's outer shield. When wiring a 10BASE2 n... |
"frozen yellow garden hose". 10BASE5 coaxial cables had a maximum length of . Up to 100 nodes could be connected to a 10BASE5 segment. Transceiver nodes can be connected to cable segments with N connectors, or via a vampire tap, which allows new nodes to be added while existing connections are live. A vampire tap clamp... | and a spike is forced to pierce the outer three layers and contact the inner conductor while other spikes bite into the outer braided shield. Care is required to keep the outer shield from touching the spike; installation kits include a "coring tool" to drill through the outer layers and a "braid pick" to clear stray p... |
of the Ming Dynasty. It races south down along the Grand Canal of China and the densely populated settlements there, from the northern terminus at Beijing, to the fertile Jiangnan region. In some local areas and towns it wipes out 90% of the local populace. Births January–March January 6 – Wolfgang Dietrich of Castell-... | Telescopium (d. 1707) April–June April 4 – Sir James Oxenden, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1708) April 8 Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney, English politician and army officer (d. 1704) (bapt.) – William Wycherley, English playwright (d. 1716) April 15 – Robert Sibbald, Scottish physician and antiquarian (d. 1722... |
the specified characteristics are attenuation, characteristic impedance, propagation delay, and several types of crosstalk. Cable testers are widely available to check these parameters to determine if a cable can be used with 10BASE-T. These characteristics are expected to be met by 100 meters of 24-gauge unshielded tw... | specification. 100BASE-TX follows the same wiring patterns as 10BASE-T, but is more sensitive to wire quality and length, due to the higher bit rates. 1000BASE-T uses all four pairs bi-directionally using hybrid circuits and cancellers. Data is encoded using 4D-PAM5; four dimensions using pulse-amplitude modulation (PA... |
1st Earl of Caithness (d. 1484) probable Johannes Ockeghem, Dutch composer (d. 1497) Ólöf Loftsdóttir, politically active Icelandic woman (d. 1479) Conrad Paumann, German organist and composer (d. 1473) Vecchietta, Sienese painter, sculptor and architect (d. 1480) Deaths March 5 – Matthew of Kraków, Polish reformer (b.... | Grunwald (Žalgiris), also known as Battle of Tannenberg: Polish and Lithuanian forces under cousins Jogaila and Vytautas the Great decisively defeat the forces of the Teutonic Knights, whose power is broken. Date unknown Jan Hus is excommunicated by the Archbishop of Prague. Antipope John XXIII is elected. Construction... |
for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire Emperor Augustus initiates his third census of the Roman Empire after 20 years. Abgarus of Edessa is reinstalled as king of Osroene. The Senate passes a senatus consultum restricting the reduced Vigintisexviri to the Ordo Equester. China Last year (3rd) of Shijianguo era o... | of Osroene. The Senate passes a senatus consultum restricting the reduced Vigintisexviri to the Ordo Equester. China Last year (3rd) of Shijianguo era of the Chinese Xin Dynasty. Considered the lucky number of those from the Chinese Xin Dynasty. By topic Arts and sciences Strabo publishes his book on the shape of the E... |
of the Consulship of Caesar and Flaccus (or, less frequently, year 768 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 15 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire Early (approx.) – Emona (on ... | Legio XV Apollinaris. May – As part of his campaign against the Germanic peoples, Germanicus captures Thusnelda, wife of Arminius. Summer – Germanicus launches a two-pronged attack from Vetera and Moguntiacum. On his return journey, he recaptures the aquila of Legio XIX and visits the battlefield of the Teutoburg Fores... |
Sea fleet to avoid dangerous rivers, embarking an army in the Rhine Delta, aboard circa 1,000 ships. He defeats the Germans at the Amisius river estuary and the Weser, but during its return, the Roman fleet is partially destroyed by storms. Vonones, the beleaguered king of Armenia, is summoned to Syria, by Roman govern... | army of 50,000 men commanded by Germanicus gains a great victory at Idistaviso, defeating the German war chief Arminius, and recovering the lost eagles of Varus' legions. Germanicus employs the North Sea fleet to avoid dangerous rivers, embarking an army in the Rhine Delta, aboard circa 1,000 ships. He defeats the Germ... |
becomes Praetorian prefect. Europe A civil war begins in Germania. Maroboduus, King of the Marcomanni, is defeated by Arminius and his Germanic tribes. Africa Tacfarinas, Numidian deserter from the Roman army, begins a guerrilla war against the Romans. He leads his own Musulamii tribe and a coalition of Berbers, attack... | his Germanic tribes. Africa Tacfarinas, Numidian deserter from the Roman army, begins a guerrilla war against the Romans. He leads his own Musulamii tribe and a coalition of Berbers, attacking the Limes Tripolitanus a fortified zone (limes) of the Roman Empire in Africa. Judea Herod Antipas, son of Herod the Great, bui... |
Artaxias III. Parthia Germanicus concludes a peace treaty with Artabanus II of Parthia, in which he is recognized as king and friend of Rome. China After a flooding of the Yellow River in China, farmers are forced to rebel. Emperor Wang Mang reacts by sending an army (some 100,000 men) against the agrarian rebels. The ... | of Parthia, in which he is recognized as king and friend of Rome. China After a flooding of the Yellow River in China, farmers are forced to rebel. Emperor Wang Mang reacts by sending an army (some 100,000 men) against the agrarian rebels. The rebel leaders, concerned that during battle it will become impossible to tel... |
leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus and Cotta (or, less frequently, year 773 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 20 for this year has been used since the early medieval peri... | leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus and Cotta (or, less frequently, year 773 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 20 for this year has been used since the early medieval peri... |
Julius Sacrovir; the revolt is suppressed by Gaius Silius. Emperor Tiberius is a Roman Consul for the fourth time. The Romans create a buffer state in the territory of the Quadi, in southern Slovakia. Barracks are constructed for the Praetorian Guard, on the Quirinal (located on the Seven Hills of Rome). Korea | Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire The Aedui revolt under Julius Florus and Julius Sacrovir; the revolt is suppressed by Gaius Silius. Emperor Tiberius is a Roman Consul for the fourth time. The Romans create a buffer state in the territory of the Quadi, in southern Slovakia. Barracks are |
the Year of the Consulship of Agrippa and Galba (or, less frequently, year 775 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 22 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By | since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire Drusus Julius Caesar receives the tribunicia potestas (tribunician power). Births Valeria Messalina, third wife of Emperor Claudius |
of Wang Mang's troops in the Battle of Kunyang, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang's Xin Dynasty and restoration of the Han Dynasty. October 6 — Emperor Liu Xuan's forces kill Wang Mang at the end of a three-day siege. Births Pliny the Elder, Roman scientist and writer (d. 79 AD) Deaths September 14 – Drusus Julius Caes... | of the Han Dynasty royal family and leader of insurgents against the Xin Dynasty, proclaims himself emperor against Wang Mang. July – After being under siege for two months, about 19,000 insurgents under Liu Xiu defeat 450,000 of Wang Mang's troops in the Battle of Kunyang, ushering in the fall of Wang Mang's Xin Dynas... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.