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During Ramadan , falafel balls are sometimes eaten as part of the iftar , the meal that breaks the daily fast after sunset .	During Ramadan , they are sometimes eaten as part of an iftar , the meal which breaks the daily fast after sunset .
The falafel balls are topped with salads , pickled vegetables , hot sauce , and drizzled with tahini-based sauces .	The falafel balls , whole or crushed , may be topped with salads , pickled vegetables and hot sauce , and drizzled with tahini-based sauces .
Falafel balls may also be eaten alone as a snack or served as part of a meze ( appetizers ) .	Falafel balls may also be eaten alone as a snack or served as part of a mezze .
Falafel ( \ / fəˈlɑːfəl \ / ; Arabic : فلافل , ( fæˈlæːfɪl ) ( listen ) ) is a deep-fried ball or patty made from ground chickpeas , fava beans , or both .	Falafel is made from chickpeas or fava beans .
Falafel is a traditional Middle Eastern food , usually served in a pita , which acts as a pocket , or wrapped in a flatbread known as lafa ; `` falafel '' also frequently refers to a wrapped sandwich that is prepared in this way .	Falafel is usually served in a pita-like bread called lafa , either inside the bread , which acts as a pocket , or wrapped in a flat bread .
Falafel grew to become a common form of street food or fast food in the Middle East .	In many countries falafel is a popular street food or fast food .
It is situated on the Penryn River about 1 mile ( 1.6 km ) northwest of Falmouth .	It is on the Penryn River about one mile ( 1.6 km ) northwest of Falmouth .
The National Gallery is an art museum on Trafalgar Square in London .	The National Gallery is on Trafalgar Square , which is one of the busiest tourist places in London .
Nicola ( Antonio ) Porpora ( or Niccolò Porpora ) ( 17 August 1686 - 3 March 1768 ) was a Neapolitan composer of Baroque operas ( see opera seria ) and teacher of singing , whose most famous singing student was the castrato Farinelli .	Nicola ( Antonio ) Porpora ( or Niccolò Porpora ) ( 17 August 1686 - 3 March 1768 ) was a composer and a very famous singing teacher from Italy .
The bombing mission in the morning of February 15 , 1944 involved 142 Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses heavy bombers followed by 47 North American B-25 Mitchell and 40 Martin B-26 Marauder medium bombers .	The bombing in the morning of February 15 , 1944 involved 142 Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses heavy bombers followed by 47 North American B-25 Mitchell and 40 Martin B-26 Marauder medium bombers .
The assault had been a costly failure , with 36th Division losing 2,100 men killed , wounded and missing in 48 hours .	The attack was a failure , with 36th Division losing 2,100 men killed , wounded and missing in 48 hours .
It is now known that the Germans had an agreement not to use the Abbey for military purposes .	It is now known that the Germans had agreed not to use the Abbey for military purposes .
Between 17 January and 18 May , Monte Cassino and the Gustav defences were assaulted four times by Allied troops , the last involving twenty divisions attacking along a twenty-mile front .	Between 17 January and 18 May , Monte Cassino and the Gustav defences were attacked four times by Allied troops .
The two Moroccan-French divisions sustained 2,500 casualties in their struggles around Monte Belvedere .	The two Moroccan-French divisions had 2,500 casualties in their battles around Monte Belvedere .
Following its destruction , paratroopers of the German 1st Parachute Division then occupied the ruins of the abbey and turned it into a fortress and observation post , which became a serious problem for the attacking allied forces .	Following its destruction , paratroopers of the German 1st Parachute Division occupied the ruins of the abbey .
The plan of U.S. Fifth Army commander General Clark was for British X Corps , on the left of a twenty mile ( 30 km ) front , to attack on January 17 , 1944 , across the Garigliano near the coast ( British 5th and British 56th Infantry Divisions ) .	The plan of U.S. Fifth Army commander General Clark was for British X Corps to attack on January 17 , 1944 .
The first assault ( 11-12 May ) on Cassino opened at 23:00 with a massive artillery bombardment with 1,060 guns on the 8th Army front and 600 guns on the Fifth Army front , manned by British , Americans , Poles , New Zealanders , South Africans , and French .	The attack ( 11-12 May ) on Cassino started at 23:00 with artillery bombing with 1,060 guns on the 8th Army front and 600 guns on the Fifth Army front .
On the western front , U.S. Fifth Army , commanded by Lieutenant-General Mark W. Clark , moved from the main base of Naples up the Italian `` boot '' and in the east General Sir Bernard Montgomery 's British Eighth Army advanced up the Adriatic coast .	In the east General Sir Bernard Montgomery 's British Eighth Army moved up the Adriatic coast .
On the night following the bombing , a company of the 1st Battalion Royal Sussex Regiment ( one of the British elements in 4th Indian Division ) attacked the key point 593 from their position 70 yards ( 64 m ) away on Snakeshead Ridge .	On the night following the bombing , a company of the 1st Battalion Royal Sussex Regiment attacked on Snakeshead Ridge .
For three days Polish attacks and German counterattacks brought heavy losses to both sides .	In the mountains above Cassino , for three days Polish attacks and German attacks brought heavy losses to both sides .
At the beginning of 1944 , the western half of the Winter Line was being anchored by Germans holding the Rapido , Liri , and Garigliano valleys and some of the surrounding peaks and ridges .	They held the Rapido , Liri , and Garigliano valleys and some of the mountains .
The following night the Sussex Regiment was ordered to attack in battalion strength .	The following night the Sussex Regiment was ordered to attack with a whole battalion at midnight .
The assault failed , with the company sustaining 50 % casualties .	The attack failed , with the company getting 50 % casualties .
On February 11 , after a final unsuccessful 3-day assault on Monastery Hill and Cassino town , the Americans were withdrawn .	On February 11 , after a 3-day attack on Monastery Hill and Cassino town , the Americans pulled back .
The German defenders were finally driven from their positions , but at a high cost .	The German defenders were finally driven from their positions , but with many losses for the Allies .
The fighting was brutal and often hand to hand , but the determined defense held and the Sussex battalion was beaten off , once again sustaining over 50 % casualties .	The Sussex battalion was fought off , once again sustaining over 50 % casualties .
The plan for Operation Diadem was that U.S. II Corps on the left would attack up the coast along the line of Route 7 towards Rome .	The plan was that U.S. II Corps on the left would attack up the coast .
Fifth Army had only reached the Gustav line on January 15 , having taken six weeks of heavy fighting to advance the last seven miles ( 11 km ) through the Bernhardt Line positions during which time they had sustained 16,000 casualties .	Fifth Army had only reached the Gustav line on January 15 , having taken six weeks and getting 16,000 casualties .
The German right wing began to give way to Fifth Army .	By 13 , the German right side began to lose to the Fifth Army .
On the night of February 17 the main assault took place .	On the night of February 17 the main attack was done .
In the other half of the main assault the two companies from 28th ( Māori ) Battalion from the New Zealand Division forced a crossing of the Rapido and attempted to gain the rail road station in Cassino town .	In the other half of the main attack the two companies from 28th ( Māori ) Battalion from the New Zealand Division attempted to capture the railroad station in Cassino .
The Battle of Monte Cassino ( also known as the Battle for Rome and the Battle for Cassino ) was a costly series of four assaults by the Allies against the Winter Line in Italy held by Axis forces during the Italian Campaign of World War II .	The Battle of Monte Cassino ( also called the Battle for Rome and the Battle for Cassino ) was a battle during the Italian Campaign of World War II .
In particular , armor could only move on paths laid with steel matting , and it took eight days of bloody fighting across the waterlogged ground for 34th Division to push back General Franek 's 44th Infantry Division to establish a foothold in the mountains .	The 34th Division pushed back General Franek 's 44th Infantry Division .
The three divisions of X Corps sustained 4,000 casualties during the period of the first battle .	X Corps had 4,000 casualties during the first battle .
In their time on the Cassino front line 4th Indian Division had lost 3,000 men and the New Zealand Division 1,600 men killed , missing and wounded .	Fighting in Cassino caused the 4th Indian Division to lose 3,000 men and the New Zealand Division had 1,600 men killed , missing and wounded .
The first assault was made on January 17 .	First attack : X Corps on the left , 17 January The first attack was made on January 17 .
However , attempts to take Monte Cassino were broken by overwhelming machine gun fire from the slopes below the monastery .	Attempts to capture Monte Cassino were stopped by machine gun fire from the slopes .
Some Allied reconnaissance aircraft reported seeing German troops inside the monastery .	Some Allied aircraft saw German troops in the Abbey .
The Allied landings in Italy in September 1943 by two Allied armies commanded by General Sir Harold Alexander , Commander-in-Chief Allied Armies in Italy , were followed by an advance northward on two fronts , one on each side of the central mountain range forming the `` spine '' of Italy .	The Allied landings in Italy in September 1943 were followed by an advance north in two parts .
`` The Poles , on their second try , had taken Monte Cassino , and the road to Rome was open . ''	The Poles , on their second try , had captured Monte Cassino .
In return they sustained losses of about 80 % in the Infantry battalions , some 2,200 casualties .	They lost 80 % in the Infantry battalions , about 2,200 casualties .
Increasingly , the opinions of certain Allied officers were fixed on the great abbey of Monte Cassino : in their view it was the abbey-and its presumed use as a German artillery observation point-that prevented the breach of the ` Gustav Line ' .	Allied officers started to think the Germans were using the abbey of Monte Cassino as an artillery observation point .
Between bomb runs , the II Corps artillery pounded the mountain .	II Corps artillery shelled the mountain .
British 46th Infantry Division was to attack on the night of January 19 across the Garigliano below its junction with the Liri in support of the main attack by U.S. II Corps on their right .	The British 46th Infantry Division was to attack on January 19 .
The monastery had excellent observation of the surrounding hills and valleys , and thus was a natural site for German artillery observers .	This made it a good place for German artillery observers .
Although a battalion of the 143rd Regiment was able to get across the Rapido on the south side of San Angelo and two companies of the 141st Regiment on the north side , they were isolated for most of the time , and at no time was Allied armor able to get across the river , leaving them highly vulnerable to counterattacking tanks and self-propelled guns of General Eberhard Rodt 's 15th Panzer Grenadier Division .	They were attacked by General Eberhard Rodt 's 15th Panzer Grenadier Division .
Together , these features formed the Gustav Line .	Together , these valleys and mountains were called the Gustav Line .
The German positions on Point 593 above and behind the monastery were untouched .	The German positions above and behind the monastery were untouched .
Responding to Senger 's concerns , Kesselring ordered the 29th and 90th Panzer Grenadier Divisions from the Rome area to provide reinforcement .	The 29th and 90th Panzer Grenadier Divisions were sent to him .
The U.S. II Corps , with 34th Infantry Division under Maj. Gen. Charles W. Ryder spearheading the attack and French colonial troops on its right flank , launched an assault across the flooded Rapido valley north of Cassino and into the mountains behind with the intention of then wheeling to the left and attacking Monte Cassino from high ground .	The U.S. II Corps attacked across the Rapido valley north of Cassino .
By early February , American infantry had captured a strategic point near the hamlet of San Onofrio , less than a mile from the abbey , and by February 7 a battalion had reached Point 445 , a round top hill immediately below the monastery and no more than 400 yards ( 370 m ) away .	By early February , American infantry had captured point less than a mile from the abbey .
With the arrival of the spring weather , ground conditions were improved and it would be possible to deploy large formations and armor effectively .	With the arrival of the spring weather , it would be possible to use large groups of troops and armor .
Fifth Army made slow progress in the face of difficult terrain , wet weather and skillful German defences .	The Fifth Army made slow progress because of difficult land and German defences .
By daylight the U.S. II Corps had made little progress , but their Fifth Army colleagues , the French Expeditionary Corps , had achieved their objectives and were fanning out in the Aurunci Mountains toward the Eighth Army to their right , rolling up the German positions between the two armies .	The U.S. II Corps made little progress .
Pope Pius XII was silent after the bombing ; however , his Cardinal Secretary of State , Luigi Maglione , bluntly stated to the senior U.S. diplomat to the Vatican , Harold Tittmann , that the bombing was `` a colossal blunder ... a piece of a gross stupidity . ''	Pope Pius XII said nothing after the bombing .
The German defenders too had paid a heavy price .	The German defenders had heavy losses .
Simultaneously the French Expeditionary Corps , under General Alphonse Juin would continue its `` right hook '' move towards Monte Cairo , the hinge to the Gustav and Hitler defensive lines .	The French Expeditionary Corps would move towards Monte Cairo .
However , a common positive theme of current attempts to define post-postmodernism is that faith , trust , dialogue , performance and sincerity can work to transcend postmodern irony .	It is a positive idea that faith , sincerity and trust can be better for society Postmodern irony .
In 2010 the cultural theorists Timotheus Vermeulen and Robin van den Akker introduced the term metamodernism as an intervention in the post-postmodernism debate .	In 2010 Timotheus Vermeulen and Robin Van Den Akker wrote an article called ` Notes on Metamodernism ' that characterised life today as an oscillation between the realism of Postmodernism and the idealism of Modernism .
The 2013 Atlantic hurricane season was the first Atlantic hurricane season since 1994 to end with no major hurricanes , and the first since 1968 to feature no storms of at least category 2 intensity .	The season was the first Atlantic Hurricane season since 1994 to end with no known major hurricanes .
An area of low pressure in the eastern Gulf of Mexico developed into Tropical Storm Andrea on June 5 .	Tropical storm Andrea developed on the 5th of June within the southern gulf of Mexico .
It strengthened into a tropical storm the next morning , and became the first hurricane of the season on September 11 .	It became a post-tropical storm on June 7 .
, seigneur de Montel-de-Gelat in Limousin province .	, seigneur de Montel-De-Gelas in Limousin .
By 1342 , he was raised to the position of cardinal .	In 1342 , he was raised to the position of cardinal .
Pope Innocent VI ( Latin : Innocentius VI ; 1282 or 1295 - 12 September 1362 ) , born Étienne Aubert , was Pope from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362 .	Pope Innocent VI ( Latin : Innocentius Sextus ; c. 1282 - September 12 , 1362 ) , born Étienne Aubert , was an French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 200th Pope from December 18 , 1352 until his death in 1362 .
Middle Park , the home of South Melbourne FC was demolished in 1994 due to expansion at Albert Park .	Middle Park ( stadium ) , the home of South Melbourne FC was demolished in 1994 due to expansion at Albert Park .
It is used annually as a racetrack for the Australian Grand Prix and associated support races .	It is used once a year as a racetrack for the Australian Grand Prix and associated support races .
As a result , compared to other circuits that are held on public roads , the Albert Park track has quite a smooth surface .	As a result , the Albert Park track has quite a smooth surface .
The Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit is a street circuit around Albert Park Lake , only a few kilometres south of central Melbourne .	The Melbourne Grand Prix Circuit is a street circuit around Albert Park Lake , only a couple of kilometres south of central Melbourne .
Each year , most of the trackside fencing , pedestrian overpasses , grandstands and other motorsport infrastructure are erected approximately a month prior to the Grand Prix weekend and removed within 6 weeks after the event .	Each year , most of the trackside fencing , pedestrian overpasses , grandstands and other motorsport infrastructure must be erected for the race .
The course is considered to be quite fast and relatively easy to drive , drivers having commented that the consistent placement of corners allows them to easily learn the circuit and achieve competitive times .	Drivers have commented that the consistent placement of corners allows them to easily learn the circuit and achieve competitive times .
The road sections that are used were rebuilt prior to the inaugural event in 1996 to ensure consistency and smoothness .	The roads that are used were rebuilt prior to the first race in 1996 to ensure consistency and smoothness .
Land around the circuit ( including a large aquatic center , a golf course , a Lakeside Stadium , some restaurants and rowing boathouses ) has restricted access during the grand prix weekend .	This includes an aquatic center , a golf course , a football stadium , some restaurants and rowing boathouses .
Albert Park has the distinction of being the only venue to host the Australian Grand Prix in both World Championship and non-World Championship formats with an earlier configuration of the current circuit used for the race on two occasions during the 1950s .	Albert Park has the distinction of being the only venue to hold the Australian Grand Prix in both World Championship and non-World Championship formats .
Nevertheless , the event is reasonably popular in Melbourne and Australia ( with a large European population and a general interest in motorsport ) .	They have a large European population and a general interest in motorsport .
However , the flat terrain around the lake , coupled with a track design that features few true straights , means that the track is not conducive to overtaking or easy spectating unless in possession of a grandstand seat .	The flat terrain around the lake , coupled with a track design that features few true straights , means that it is not easy to pass another car on the track .
During this time racing was conducted in an anti-clockwise direction as opposed to the current circuit which runs clockwise .	During this time Albert Park ran anti-clockwise as opposed to the current GP circuit standard clockwise .
Dissent is still prevalent among nearby local residents and users of those others facilities , and some still maintain a silent protest against the event .	Some maintain a silent protest against the event .
However , on the EMI label she made several `` champagne operetta '' recordings like Franz Lehár 's The Merry Widow and Johann Strauss II 's The Gypsy Baron .	On the EMI label she made several `` champagne operetta '' recordings like Franz Lehár 's The Merry Widow and Johann Strauss II 's The Gypsy Baron .
In 1947 and 1948 , Schwarzkopf appeared on tour with the Vienna State Opera at London 's Royal Opera House at Covent Garden on 16 September 1947 as Donna Elvira in Mozart 's Don Giovanni and at La Scala on 28 December 1948 , as the Countess in Mozart 's The Marriage of Figaro , which became one of her signature roles .	In 1947 and 1948 , Schwarzkopf appeared on tour with the Vienna State Opera at London 's Royal Opera House at Covent Garden on 16 September 1947 as Donna Elvira in Mozart 's Don Giovanni and at La Scala on 28 December 1948 , as the Countess in Mozart 's The Marriage of Figaro , which became one of her most famous roles .
Legge asked her to sing Hugo Wolf 's lied Wer rief dich denn ?	Legge asked Schwarzkopf to sing Hugo Wolf 's lied Wer rief dich denn ?
After retiring , Schwarzkopf taught and gave master classes around the world , notably at the Juilliard School in New York City .	After retiring , Schwarzkopf taught and gave master classes around the world , especially at the Juilliard School in New York City .
Schwarzkopf died in her sleep during the night of 2-3 August 2006 at her home in Schruns , Vorarlberg , Austria , aged 90 .	Schwarzkopf died in her sleep during the night of 2-3 August 2006 at her home in the village of Schruns , in Vorarlberg , western Austria , aged 90 .
She also was well received as Alice Ford in Verdi 's Falstaff .	She was also good at singing Alice Ford in Verdi 's Falstaff .
She performed in her first opera in 1928 , as Eurydice in a school production of Gluck 's Orfeo ed Euridice in Magdeburg , Germany .	She first sang in an opera in 1928 when she took the part of Eurydice in a school production of Gluck 's Orfeo ed Euridice in Magdeburg , Germany .
Olga Maria Elisabeth Friederike Schwarzkopf was born in Jarotschin in the Province of Posen in Prussia to Friedrich Schwarzkopf and his wife , Elisabeth ( née Fröhlich ) .	Elisabeth Schwarzkopf was born in Jarotschin in the province of Posen in Prussia .
They were married on 19 October 1953 in Epsom , Surrey ; Schwarzkopf thus acquired British citizenship by marriage .	They worked a lot together , and they were married on 19 October 1953 in Epsom , Surrey ; Schwarzkopf now had British citizenship because of her marriage to an Englishman .
In March 1946 , Schwarzkopf was invited to audition for Walter Legge , an influential British classical record producer and a founder of the Philharmonia Orchestra .	In March 1946 , Schwarzkopf had been invited to audition for Walter Legge .
Schwarzkopf made her professional debut at the Deutsche Oper Berlin ( then called Deutsches Opernhaus ) on 15 April 1938 , as the Second Flower Maiden ( First Group ) in act 2 of Richard Wagner 's Parsifal .	Schwarzkopf gave her first professional performance at the Deutsche Oper Berlin on 15 April 1938 , as the Second Flower Maiden ( First Group ) in Act II of Richard Wagner 's Parsifal .
In the 1960s , Schwarzkopf concentrated nearly exclusively on five operatic roles : Donna Elvira in Don Giovanni , Countess Almaviva in The Marriage of Figaro , Fiordiligi in Così fan tutte , Countess Madeleine in Strauss 's Capriccio , and the Marschallin .	In the 1960s , when Schwarzkopf sang in operas she nearly always sang one of her five favorite operatic roles : Donna Elvira in Mozart 's Don Giovanni , Countess Almaviva in The Marriage of Figaro , Fiordiligi in Così fan tutte , Countess Madeleine in Strauss 's Capriccio , and the Marschallin in Der Rosenkavalier .
However at the suggestion of the baritone Karl Schmitt-Walter , she switched teachers and started working with the coloratura soprano Maria Ivogün as well as with Ivogün 's husband , the pianist Michael Raucheisen .	In 1934 , Schwarzkopf started to study in Berlin Hochschule für Musik , then she changed teachers and started working with the coloratura soprano Maria Ivogün as well as with Ivogün 's husband , the pianist Michael Raucheisen .
On 17 March 1979 , Walter Legge suffered a severe heart attack .	On 17 March 1979 , Walter Legge had a serious heart attack .
Dame Elisabeth Schwarzkopf , DBE ( 9 December 1915 - 3 August 2006 ) was a German-born Austrian\/British soprano opera singer and recitalist .	Dame Elisabeth Schwarzkopf DBE ( born in Jarotschin in Prussia , 9 December 1915 ; died Schruns , Austria , 3 August 2006 ) was a German-born Austrian\/British soprano .
He disregarded doctor 's orders to rest and attended Schwarzkopf 's final recital two days later in Zurich .	His doctors told him to rest , but instead of resting he went to Schwarzkopf 's last recital two days later in Zurich .
In 1945 , Schwarzkopf was granted Austrian citizenship to enable her to sing in the Vienna State Opera ( Wiener Staatsoper ) .	In 1945 , Schwarzkopf was given Austrian citizenship so that she would be allowed to sing in the Vienna State Opera .
and , impressed , signed her to an exclusive contract with EMI .	He thought she was so good that he gave her an exclusive contract with EMI .
She was among the most renowned opera singers of the 20th century , much admired for her performances of Mozart , Schubert , Strauss , and Wolf .	She was particularly known for singing the music of Mozart , Schubert , Strauss , and Wolf .
Brooks broke records for both sales and concert attendance throughout the 1990s .	Throughout the 1990s he broke records for both sales and concert attendance .
Troubled by conflicts between career and family , Brooks officially retired from recording and performing from 2001 until 2009 .	In 2001 , Brooks officially retired from recording and performing , after having conflicts between his career and family .
During this time , he sold millions of albums through an exclusive distribution deal with Walmart and sporadically released new singles .	During this time he has sold millions of albums through an exclusive distribution deal with Wal-Mart and has released new singles from time to time .

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