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TF 14-with the fleet carrier Lexington , three heavy cruisers , eight destroyers , and an oiler-was to undertake a raid on the Marshall Islands to divert Japanese attention . | TF 14-with the fleet carrier Lexington , three heavy cruisers , eight destroyers , and an oiler-was sent to attack the Marshall Islands . |
On 5 October 1943 , American naval aircraft from Yorktown raided Wake . | The US were afraid that the US would lose ships On 5 October 1943 , American naval aircraft from Yorktown raided Wake . |
After the war , Sakaibara and his subordinate-Lieutenant-Commander Tachibana-were sentenced to death for the massacre of the 98 and for other war crimes . | Admiral Sakaibara and Lieutenant-Commander Tachibana were sentenced to death for the massacre . |
Also present on the island were 68 U.S. Navy personnel and about 1,221 civilian workers for the Morrison-Knudsen Company . | Also on the island were 68 U.S. Navy staff and about 1,221 civilian workers . |
The Battle of Wake Island began simultaneously with the Attack on Pearl Harbor and ended on 23 December 1941 , with the surrender of the American forces to the Empire of Japan . | It ended on 23 December 1941 , with the surrender of the American forces to the Empire of Japan . |
The Marines were armed with six 5-inch ( 0.13 m ) \ / 51 cal pieces , originating from the battleship USS Texas ; twelve 3 in ( 76 mm ) \ / 50 cal anti-aircraft guns ( with only a single working anti-aircraft director among them ) ; eighteen .50 in ( 12.7 mm ) Browning heavy machine guns ; and thirty .30 in ( 7.62 mm ) heavy , medium and light water - and air-cooled machine guns of various manufacture and operating condition . | There were also twelve 3 in ( 76 mm ) \ / 50 cal anti-aircraft guns , eighteen .50 in ( 12.7 mm ) Browning heavy machine guns , and thirty M1917 Browning machine guns . |
The initial resistance offered by the garrison prompted the Japanese Navy to detach the aircraft carriers Sōryū and Hiryū from the force that attacked Pearl Harbor to support the second landing attempt . | The Japanese Navy sent two aircraft carriers ( Sōryū and Hiryū ) to support the second landing attempt . |
On 8 December , just hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor ( Wake being on the opposite side of the International Date Line ) , 36 Japanese Mitsubishi G3M3 medium bombers flown from bases on the Marshall Islands attacked Wake Island , destroying eight of the 12 F4F-3 Wildcat fighters belonging to Marine Corps fighter squadron VMF-211 on the ground . | On 8 December , just hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor , Japanese Mitsubishi G3M3 bombers attacked Wake Island . |
The four Wildcats also succeeded in sinking the destroyer Kisaragi by dropping a bomb on her stern where the depth charges were stored . | The four Wildcats sunk another destroyer , Kisaragi , by dropping a bomb on her stern . |
The Japanese force withdrew before landing . | The Japanese force pulled back before landing . |
It was fought on and around the atoll formed by Wake Island and its islets of Peale and Wilkes Islands by the air , land and naval forces of the Empire of Japan against those of the U.S. , with Marines playing a prominent role on both sides . | It was fought by the air , land and naval forces of the Empire of Japan against those of the U.S. , with Marines playing an important role on both sides . |
On 4 September 1945 , the remaining Japanese garrison surrendered to a detachment of U.S. Marines . | On 4 September 1945 , the remaining Japanese troops surrendered to a U.S. Marines . |
The projected U.S. relief attempt by Admiral Frank Fletcher 's Task Force 11 ( TF 11 ) and supported Admiral Wilson Brown 's TF 14 consisted of the fleet carrier Saratoga , the fleet oiler Neches , the seaplane tender Tangier , the heavy cruisers Astoria , Minneapolis , and San Francisco , and 10 destroyers . | The attempt to help Wake Island was led by Admiral Frank Fletcher 's Task Force 11 ( TF 11 ) and supported Admiral Wilson Brown 's TF 14 . |
The U.S. Marines fired at the invasion fleet with their six 5-inch ( 130 mm ) coastal artillery guns . | The U.S. Marines fired at the Japanese ships with their six 5 in 127mm coastal artillery guns . |
The island was held by the Japanese for the duration of the Pacific War ; the remaining Japanese garrison on the island surrendered to a detachment of United States Marines on 4 September 1945 . | The island was held by the Japanese for the rest of the Pacific War . |
The convoy carried the 4th Marine Defense Battalion , the VMF-221 fighter squadron equipped with Brewster F2A-3 Buffalo fighters , along with 9,000 5-inch rounds , 12,000 3 in ( 76 mm ) rounds , and 3,000,000 .50 in ( 12.7 mm ) rounds , as well as a large amount of ammunition for mortars and other battalion small arms . | The convoy carried the 4th Marine Defense Battalion and the VMF-221 fighter squadron . |
This was the first Japanese defeat of the war , and it was the last time in history that a forced landing attempt was repelled by shore batteries . | This was the first Japanese defeat of the war . |
The 98 were taken to the northern end of the island , blindfolded and executed with a machine gun . | They were blindfolded and executed with a machine gun . |
The jumping spider Trite planiceps lives predominantly in the rolled-up leaves of this species . | The jumping spider Trite planiceps lives in the rolled-up leaves of this species . |
The fiber has been widely used since the arrival of Māori to New Zealand , originally in Māori traditional textiles and also in rope and sail making after the arrival of Europeans up until at least WWII . | It was also used in rope and sail making after the arrival of Europeans up until at least WWII . |
Phormium tenax ( called flax in New Zealand English ; harakeke in Māori ; New Zealand flax outside New Zealand ; and New Zealand hemp in historical nautical contexts ) is an evergreen perennial plant native to New Zealand and Norfolk Island that is an important fiber plant and a popular ornamental plant . | Phormium tenax ( harakeke in Māori , New Zealand flax ) is an evergreen perennial plant from New Zealand and Norfolk Island . |
Phormium tenax is a coastal cover plant associated with significant habitat such as the breeding habitat for the endangered yellow-eyed penguin . | Phormium tenax grows on the coast where it is important in the breeding habitat for the endangered Yellow-eyed Penguin . |
The plant grows as a clump of long , straplike leaves , up to two metres long , from which arises a much taller flowering shoot , with dramatic yellow or red flowers . | It grows a much taller flowering shoot , with dramatic yellow or red flowers . |
More recently several cultivars have been selected as decorative garden plants , including : Those marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of Garden Merit . | Several forms of this species have been selected for cultivation as decorative garden plants including : The Royal Horticultural Society in England gave an Award of Garden Merit to the plant . |
Citing salary disputes , Worsley withdrew from the project after completing the first 26 episodes . | Worsley withdrew from the project after completing the first 26 episodes . |
The series aired in syndication throughout most of the U.S. but also aired on the east coast on the DuMont Television Network . | It aired on the east coast on the DuMont Television Network . |
Flash Gordon is a science fiction television series based on the characters of the Alex Raymond-created comic strip of the same name . | Flash Gordon is a science fiction television series . |
Shooting got underway in May 1953 , with an abandoned beer hall in Spandau serving as the principal shooting location . | Production began in May 1953 , with an empty beer hall in Spandau as the main shooting location . |
As agents of the Galactic Bureau of Investigation , the team travels the galaxy in their ship the Sky Flash , battling cosmic villains under the order of Commander Paul Richards . | They travel the galaxy in their ship the Sky Flash to battle cosmic villains under the order of Commander Paul Richards ( Henry Beckman ) . |
The series proved popular with American audiences and critical response , though sparse , was positive . | Critical response was positive . |
The Eurasian Sparrowhawk ( Accipiter nisus ) , also known as the Northern Sparrowhawk or simply the Sparrowhawk , is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae . | The Sparrowhawk ( Accipiter nisus ) is a small bird of prey in the family Accipitridae . |
The typical lifespan is four years . | The average lifespan is four years . |
Females can be up to 25 % larger than males and weigh up to twice as much . | Females can be up to 25 % larger than males and can be twice as heavy . |
This species is now one of the commonest birds of prey in Europe , although the population crashed after the Second World War . | It is now one of the commonest birds of prey in Europe . |
It has been estimated that a female Eurasian Sparrowhawk of average weight could survive for seven days without feeding - three days longer than a male of average weight . | A female Sparrowhawk of average weight can survive for seven days without eating . |
There is probably high mortality , especially for young males , during this time . | There is probably a high death rate at this time , particularly for males . |
English folk names for the Eurasian Sparrowhawk include Blue Hawk , referring to the adult male 's colouration , as well as Hedge Hawk , Spar Hawk , Spur Hawk and Stone Falcon . | Other old names include Spar Hawk , Spur Hawk and Stone Falcon . |
The oldest known wild Eurasian Sparrowhawk lived more than two decades ; it was found dead in Denmark 20 years and 3 months after having been ringed . | The oldest known wild Sparrowhawk lived for more than 20 years . |
The chicks hatch after 33 days and fledge after 24 to 28 days . | The chicks hatch after 33 days and leave the nest after another 24 to 28 days . |
The female is much larger at 35-41 cm ( 14-16 in ) long , with a wingspan of 67-80 cm ( 26-31 in ) , and a mass of 185-342 g ( 6.5-12 .1 oz ) . | The female is much larger - 35-41 cm ( 14-16 in ) long , with a wingspan of 67-80 cm ( 26-31 in ) . |
The probability of a juvenile surviving its first year is 34 % , with 69 % of adults surviving from one year to the next . | 69 % of adults survive from one year to the next . |
The Eurasian Sparrowhawk 's pale underparts and darker upperparts are an example of countershading , which helps to break up the bird 's outline . | The Sparrowhawk 's pale underparts and darker back and wings are an example of countershading . |
The Eurasian Sparrowhawk forms a superspecies with the Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk of eastern and southern Africa , and possibly the Madagascan Sparrowhawk . | The Sparrowhawk forms a superspecies with the Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk of eastern and southern Africa , and possibly the Madagascar Sparrowhawk . |
When females are larger than males , it is known as reverse sexual dimorphism ; this is unusual in higher vertebrates but typical in birds of prey , and most marked in birds of prey which hunt birds . | It is unusual in higher vertebrates but typical in birds of prey . |
Within the species itself , six subspecies are generally recognized : The Eurasian Sparrowhawk is a small bird of prey with short , broad wings and a long tail , both adaptations to manoeuvring through trees . | The Sparrowhawk is a small bird of prey with short , broad wings and a long tail . |
The adult male is 29-34 cm ( 11-13 in ) long , with a wingspan of 59-64 cm ( 23-25 in ) and a mass of 110-196 g ( 3.9-6 .9 oz ) . | The adult male is 29-34 cm ( 11-13 in ) long from beak to tail , with a wingspan of 59-64 cm ( 23-25 in ) . |
Males tend to take smaller birds , including tits , finches , and sparrows ; females catch primarily thrushes and starlings , but are capable of killing birds weighing 500 grams ( 18 oz ) or more . | They can kill birds weighing more than 500 grams ( 18 oz ) . |
Its long legs and toes are an adaptation for catching and eating birds . | The Sparrowhawk 's long legs and toes help it to catch and eat birds . |
The horizontal barring seen on adult Eurasian Sparrowhawks is typical of woodland-dwelling predatory birds , while the adult male 's bluish color is also seen in other bird-eating raptors , including the Peregrine Falcon , the Merlin and other Accipiters . | In fact , countershading is seen in most animals , including the Peregrine Falcon , the Merlin and other Accipiters . |
Eurasian Sparrowhawks are also popular in Ireland . | Eurasian Sparrowhawks look slightly different in different parts of their range . |
The current scientific name is derived from the Latin accipiter , meaning ` hawk ' and nisus , the sparrowhawk . | The current scientific name comes from the Latin words accipiter ( hawk ) and nisus ( the sparrowhawk ) . |
Geographic variation is clinal , with birds becoming larger and paler in the eastern part of the range compared to the west . | Birds in the eastern part of the range are larger and paler . |
Though it is a predator which specialises in catching woodland birds , the Eurasian Sparrowhawk can be found in any habitat and often hunts garden birds in towns and cities . | It can be seen in any habitat and often hunts birds in town and city gardens . |
The female is up to 25 % larger than the male - one of the largest differences between the sexes in any bird species . | This is one of the biggest size differences in any bird species . |
It has also been blamed for decreases in passerine populations ; scientific research has found no link between increased numbers of Eurasian Sparrowhawks and declines in some farmland and woodland birds after World War II . | Scientists have found that increased numbers of Sparrowhawks did not reduce the numbers of birds living in farmland and woodland in the 1960s . |
He played in the gold medal-winning Azerbaijani team at the European Team Chess Championship in Novi Sad in 2009 , alongside Shakhriyar Mamedyarov , Teimour Radjabov , Rauf Mammadov and Gadir Guseinov , previously winning bronze medal in 2007 . | He played in the gold medal-winning Azerbaijani team at the European Team Chess Championship in Novi Sad in 2009 , alongside Shakhriyar Mamedyarov , Teimour Radjabov , Rauf Mammadov and Gadir Guseinov . |
While receiving treatment for the brain tumor in a hospital in Heidelberg , Germany , Gashimov died in the early hours of 11 January 2014 . | Gashimov was treated for a brain tumor in a hospital in Heidelberg , Germany , and died on the night of 11 January 2014 . |
He won the Athens 2005 ( Acropolis International ) , and he was the winner of the Cappelle-la-Grande open 2008 . | He won at Athens 2005 ( Acropolis International ) . |
He holds an M. Sc . | He also holds an M. Sc . |
Jonathan is a member of the ruling People 's Democratic Party ( PDP ) . | Jonathan is a member of the People 's Democratic Party ( PDP ) , which is in power as of September 2010 . |
He is a Christian , and he comes from the Ijaw ethnic group . | Jonathan is a member of the Ijaw ethnic group . |
Before he entered politics in 1998 , he worked as an education inspector , lecturer , and environmental-protection officer . | After he got his degree , he worked as an education inspector , lecturer , and environmental-protection officer , until he decided to become a politician in 1998 . |
degree in Hydrobiology and Fisheries biology , and a PhD degree in Zoology from the University of Port Harcourt . | in Hydrobiology\/Fisheries biology , and a Doctor of Philosophy ( Ph.D. ) in Zoology from the University of Port Harcourt . |
degree in Zoology in which he attained Second Class Honours . | degree in Zoology . |
Permission was granted , but , having traveled as far as Apulia ( Italy ) on the return journey , the envoys learned that William himself had meanwhile died . | Permission was granted , but , having traveled as far as Apulia ( Italy ) on the return journey , the envoys learned that William himself had died . |
After postponing the naval invasion he chose to also postpone the decision until after he returned from Jerusalem . | After postponing the invasion he chose to also postpone the decision until after he returned from Jerusalem . |
After making his illegitimate son William his heir , he set out on pilgrimage to Jerusalem . | After making his illegitimate son William his heir , he set out on his pilgrimage . |
Baldwin V , supported by king Robert II of France , his father-in-law , was persuaded to make peace with his father in 1030 when Duke Robert promised the elder Baldwin his considerable military support . | Baldwin V , supported by king Robert II of France , his father-in-law , was persuaded to make peace with his father in 1030 . |
In the early 1030s Alan III , Duke of Brittany began expanding his influence from the area of Rennes and appeared to have designs on the area surrounding Mont Saint-Michel After sacking Dol and repelling Alan 's attempts to raid Avranches , Robert mounted a major campaign against his cousin Alan III . | In the early 1030s Alan III , Duke of Brittany began to expand from the area of Rennes and appeared to have wanted the area around Mont Saint-Michel After raiding Dol and stopping Alan 's attempts to raid Avranches , Robert mounted a major campaign against his cousin Alan III . |
According to the historian William of Malmesbury , decades later his son William sent a mission to Constantinople and Nicaea , charging it with bringing his father 's body back to Normandy for burial . | According to the historian William of Malmesbury , decades later , Robert 's son William sent a mission to Constantinople and Nicaea to return his father 's body to Normandy for burial . |
Robert the Magnificent ( French : le Magnifique ) ( 22 June 1000 - 1-3 July 1035 ) , was the Duke of Normandy from 1027 until his death . | Robert the Magnificent ( French : le Magnifique ) ( † 1035 ) , was the sixth Duke of Normandy from 1027 until he died returning from a pilgrimage . |
Robert also attacked another powerful churchman , his cousin Hugo III d'Ivry , Bishop of Bayeux , banishing him from Normandy for an extended period of time . | Robert also attacked another powerful church leader , his cousin Hugo d'Ivry , Bishop of Bayeux . |
Robert gave shelter to Henry I of France against his mother , Queen Constance , who favored her younger son Robert to succeed to the French throne after his father Robert II . | Robert gave shelter to Henry I of France against his mother , Queen Constance . |
He was the son of Richard II of Normandy and Judith , daughter of Conan I , Duke of Brittany . | Robert was the second son of Richard II of Normandy and Judith . |
Despite his domestic troubles Robert decided to intervene in the civil war in Flanders between Baldwin V , Count of Flanders and his father Baldwin IV whom the younger Baldwin had driven out of Flanders . | This feud was between Baldwin V , Count of Flanders and his father Baldwin IV who the younger Baldwin had driven out of Flanders . |
According to the Gesta Normannorum Ducum he traveled by way of Constantinople , reached Jerusalem , fell seriously ill and died on the return journey at Nicaea on 2 July 1035 . | He fell seriously ill and died on the return journey at Nicaea on 2 July 1035 . |
In August 1026 their father , Richard II , died and Richard III became duke , but very soon afterwards Robert rebelled against his brother , was subsequently defeated and forced to swear fealty to his older brother Richard . | In August 1026 their father , Richard II , died and Richard III became the fifth duke . |
His cousins , the Athelings Edward and Alfred , sons of his aunt Emma of Normandy and Athelred , King of England had been living at the Norman Court and at one point Robert , on their behalf , attempted to mount an invasion of England but was prevented in doing so , it was said , by unfavorable winds . | They were the sons of his aunt Emma of Normandy and Athelred , King of England . |
Gesta Normannorum Ducum stated that King Cnut sent envoys to Duke Robert offering to settle half the Kingdom of England on Edward and Alfred . | The king of England , Cnut the Great sent envoys to Duke Robert offering to settle half the Kingdom of England on Edward and Alfred . |
The civil war Robert I had brought against his brother Richard III was still causing instability in the duchy . | But the civil war Robert I had started against his brother Richard III did n't stop when the two made peace . |
A temporary truce allowed his uncle to leave Normandy in exile but this resulted in an edict excommunicating all of Normandy , which was only lifted when Archbishop Robert was allowed to return and his countship was restored . | Only a brief truce allowed his uncle to leave Normandy in exile . |
They then decided to re-inter Robert 's body in Italy . | They then decided to reinter Robert 's body in Italy . |
However , Alan appealed to their uncle , Archbishop Robert of Rouen , who then brokered a peace between Duke Robert and his vassal Alan III . | However , Alan appealed to Archbishop Robert of Rouen ( they were both his nephews ) . |
Robert also seized a number of church properties belonging to the Abbey of Fecamp . | Robert also seized a number of church properties belonging to the abbey of Fécamp . |
Before he died , Richard II had decided his elder son Richard III would succeed him while his second son Robert would became Count of Hiémois . | Robert would became Count of Hiémois . |
For his help Henry I rewarded Robert with the French Vexin . | For his help Henry I gave Robert the French Vexin . |
When Richard III died a year later there were suspicions that Robert had had something to do with his death and although nothing could be proved , Robert had the most to gain . | When Richard III died shortly after Robert 's surrender , there were suspicions that Robert might have caused his brother 's death . |
In 2000 , VRS officially became available throughout the State of Texas . | Right now , VRS is only available in the United States . |
Sometimes French Catalonia can also be used . | Sometimes French Catalonia is also used . |
The equivalent term in French , Catalogne Nord , is used nowadays , although less often than the more politically neutral Roussillon ( in reference to the pre-Revolutionary province ) . | The French name , Catalogne Nord , is used nowadays , although less often than the more politically neutral Roussillon ( in reference to the pre-Revolutionary province ) . |
The Roussillon plain in the east , by far the most populated area , is formed by the flood plains of the Tech , Têt and Agly rivers ( Catalan : Tec , Tet , Aglí ) . | The Plain of Roussillon in the east , by far the area where more people live , is formed by the floodplains of the Tech , Têt and Agly rivers ( Catalan : Tec , Tet , Aglí ) . |
Northern Catalonia ( Catalan : Catalunya Nord ( kətəˈɫuɲə ˈnɔrt ) , French : Catalogne Nord ) is a term that is sometimes used , particularly in Catalan writings , to refer to the territory ceded to France by Spain through the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 . | Northern Catalonia ( Catalan : Catalunya Nord , French : Catalogne Nord ) is a name that sometimes is used , mainly in Catalan writings , to refer to the territory given to France by Spain in 1659 . |
The city of Perpignan ( Catalan : Perpinyà ) accounts for over a quarter of the population , over one-third if its urban area is taken into account , and is the only major administrative and service center . | More of a quarter of the population of Northern Catalonia is in the city of Perpignan ( Catalan : Perpinyà ) . |
Gian Gastone de ' Medici ( Giovanni Battista Gastone ; 24 May 1671 - 9 July 1737 ) was the seventh and last Medicean Grand Duke of Tuscany . | Gian Gastone de ' Medici ( 24 May 1671 - 9 July 1737 ) was the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany . |
As Grand Prince Ferdinando , Gian Gastone 's elder brother , predeceased Cosimo III , Gian Gastone succeeded his father in 1723 . | Gian Gastone succeeded his father as Grand Duke in 1723 . |
He was the second son of Grand Duke Cosimo III and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans . | He was the second son of Cosimo III de ' Medici , Grand Duke of Tuscany , and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans . |
His sister , Electress Palatine Anna Maria Luisa , arranged his marriage to the wealthy and widowed Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1697 . | His sister , Anna Maria Luisa de ' Medici , the Electress Palatine , married him to Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1697 . |
Francis Stephen duly succeeded at Gian Gastone 's demise , on 9 July 1737 , ending almost 300 years of Medici rule over Florence . | Francis then became the Grand Duke on 9 July 1737 ending almost 300 years of Medici rule over Florence . |
Lisa Gerrard ( born 12 April 1961 ) is an Australian musician , singer and composer who rose to prominence as part of the music group Dead Can Dance with music partner Brendan Perry . | Lisa Gerrard ( born April 12 , 1961 ) is an Australian musician , singer and composer who rose to fame as part of the group Dead Can Dance with former music partner Brendan Perry . |
She received a Golden Globe Award for the music score to the film Gladiator , on which she collaborated with Hans Zimmer . | Gerrard received a Golden Globe award and an Academy Award nomination for the score for the 2000 film Gladiator on which she teamed up with Hans Zimmer . |
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