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The city is a major seaport and transportation hub located on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea .	Odesa is a major port on the Black Sea .
It became home to an extremely diverse population of Albanians , Armenians , Azeris , Bulgarians , Crimean Tatars , Frenchmen , Germans ( including Mennonites ) , Greeks , Italians , Jews , Poles , Romanians , Russians , Turks , Ukrainians , and traders representing many other nationalities ( hence numerous `` ethnic '' names on the city 's map , for example Frantsuzky ( French ) and Italiansky ( Italian ) Boulevards , Grecheskaya ( Greek ) , Yevreyskaya ( Jewish ) , Arnautskaya ( Albanian ) Streets ) .	It became home to an extremely diverse population of Russians , Ukrainians , Jews , Greeks , Bulgarians , Albanians , Armenians , Italians , Frenchmen , Germans and traders representing many other European nationalities ( hence numerous ` ethnic ' names on the city 's map , e.g. , Frantsuszkiy ( French ) and Italianskiy ( Italian ) Boulevards , Grecheskaya ( Greek ) , Evreyskaya ( Jewish ) , Arnautskaya ( Albanian ) Streets ) .
It was one of the first four Soviet cities to be awarded the title of `` Hero City '' in 1945 , though some of the Odessans had a more favourable view of the Romanian occupation , in contrast with the Soviet official view that the period was exclusively a time of hardship , deprivation , oppression and suffering - claims embodied in public monuments and disseminated through the media to this day .	It was one of the first four Soviet cities to be awarded the title of `` Hero City '' in 1945 .
In films , he was first cast in a number of bit parts , including a role as a sailor in the movie Follow the Fleet ( 1936 ) , starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers .	In movies , he was first cast in a number of bit parts , including a role as a sailor in the movie Follow the Fleet ( 1936 ) , starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers .
Tony Martin ( December 25 , 1913 - July 27 , 2012 ) , born Alvin Morris , was an American actor and singer who was married to performer Cyd Charisse for 60 years .	Tony Martin ( born Alvin Morris , December 25 , 1913 - July 27 , 2012 ) was an American actor and singer who was married to performer Cyd Charisse for 60 years .
Martin remarried , to actress and dancer Cyd Charisse , in 1948 .	Martin remarried , to actress and dancer Cyd Charisse in 1948 .
Martin was born in San Francisco , the son of Hattie ( née Smith ) and Edward Clarence Morris .	Martin was born as Alvin Morris in San Francisco , California , the son of Hattie ( née Smith ) and Edward Clarence Morris .
Between 1938 and 1942 , he made a number of hit records for Decca .	Between 1938 and 1942 , he made a number of hit records for Decca Records .
In 1937 , he married Alice Faye , with whom he had appeared in several films .	In 1937 he married Alice Faye , with whom he had starred in several films .
Martin adopted Charisse 's son , Nicky , from her first marriage .	Martin adopted Charisse 's son , Nicky , from her first marriage Martin died on the evening of July 27 , 2012 , of natural causes .
Kisan Baburao `` Anna '' Hazare ( pronunciation ( help · info ) , pronunciation ( help · info ) ; born 15 June 1937 ) is an Indian social activist who led movements to promote rural development , increase government transparency , and investigate and punish official corruption .	Kisan Baburao Hazare known as Anna Hazare ( born 15 June 1937 ) is an Indian social activist .
Sligo Football Club was formed on 17 September 1928 as a result of an amalgamation of two junior sides , Sligo Town and Sligo Blues .	They were founded after the merger of Sligo town and Sligo blues .
Sligo Rovers had won only their third ever league title .	Sligo Rovers are an association football team in Ireland .
It was here that she met her future second husband , Gottfried Lessing .	She met her second husband , Gottfried Lessing there .
During the late 1990s , Lessing suffered a mini-stroke which stopped her from traveling during her later years .	During the late 1990s , Lessing suffered a stroke which stopped her from traveling during her later years and focused her mind on death .
She left school at age 14 , and was self-educated from then on ; she left home at 15 and worked as a nursemaid .	She left home at 15 and worked as a nursemaid .
She started reading material that her employer gave her on politics and sociology and began writing around this time .	She started reading about politics and sociology and began writing around this time .
In 2007 , Lessing was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature .	In 2007 , she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature .
Gottfried Lessing later became the East German ambassador to Uganda , and was murdered in the 1979 rebellion against Idi Amin Dada .	He was murdered in the 1979 rebellion against Idi Amin Dada .
Lessing was educated at the Dominican Convent High School , a Roman Catholic convent all-girls school in Salisbury ( now Harare ) .	Lessing studied at the Dominican Convent High School in Salisbury ( now Harare ) .
In 1925 , the family moved to the British colony of Southern Rhodesia ( now Zimbabwe ) to farm maize and other plants on about 1,000 acres ( 400 ha ) of bush that Alfred bought .	Later , the family moved to the British colony of Southern Rhodesia ( now called Zimbabwe ) in 1925 to farm maize .
She later said that at the time she saw no choice : `` For a long time I felt I had done a very brave thing .	She later said that she thought she had no choice at that time .
She died on 17 November 2013 , aged 94 , at her home in London , predeceased by her two sons , but survived by her daughter , Jean , who lives in South Africa .	Lessing died on 17 November 2013 at her home in London , aged 94 .
After her first divorce , Lessing 's interest was drawn to the popular community of the Left Book Club , a communist book club which she had joined the year before .	She had joined this communist book club the year before .
Lessing moved to London in 1949 with her youngest son , Peter , to pursue her writing career and communist beliefs , but left the two elder children with their father in South Africa .	Lessing left two young children with their father in South Africa .
Doris May Lessing CH ( née Tayler ; 22 October 1919 - 17 November 2013 ) was a British novelist , poet , playwright , librettist , biographer and short story writer .	Doris Lessing ( Doris May Tayler , 22 October 1919 - 17 November 2013 ) was a British writer .
An anonymous review from the time called Wright `` a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way '' .	One person called Wright `` a very great and uncommon genius in a peculiar way '' .
Figures thought to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers feature in the painting , Burdett taking notes and Ferrers seated with a youth next to the orrery .	Figures are considered to be portraits of Burdett and Ferrers .
A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery , or the full title , A Philosopher giving a Lecture on the Orrery in which a lamp is put in place of the Sun , is a painting by Joseph Wright of Derby depicting a lecturer giving a demonstration of an orrery to a small audience .	A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery is an 18-th century oil painting by Joseph Wright of Derby .
Ferrers purchased the painting for # 210 , but the 6th Earl auctioned it off , and it is now held by Derby Museum and Art Gallery , where it is on permanent display , and close to a working replica of a full-sized mechanical Grand Orrery .	Ferrers purchased the painting for # 210 , but the 6th Earl sold it at an auction .
In the orrery demonstration the shadows cast by the lamp representing the sun were an essential part of the display .	In the orrery demonstration , the shadows created by the lamp mimic the sun , and it is a part of the display .
The painting preceded his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump ( National Gallery , London ) .	Wright later created his similar An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump ( National Gallery , London ) in 1768 .
The Orrery was painted without a commission , probably in the expectation that it would be bought by Washington Shirley , 5th Earl Ferrers , an amateur astronomer who had an orrery of his own , and with whom Wright 's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying while in Derbyshire .	Wright expected that Washington Shirley , 5th Earl Ferrers , an amateur astronomer , will buy the painting , because Shirley had his own orrery , and Wright 's friend Peter Perez Burdett was staying with him .
But there seems no reason other than heightened drama to stage the air pump experiment in a room lit by a single candle , and in two later paintings of the subject by Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo the lighting is normal .	In two later paintings , the lighting is normal .
In return he was granted land which he named Hornsby Place .	He named the land he was given ` Hornsby Place ' after himself .
Hornsby is a suburb on the Upper North Shore of Sydney in the Australian state of New South Wales 25 kilometres ( 16 mi ) north-west of the Sydney central business district .	Hornsby is a suburb and shire in the northern part of Sydney .
There is also a TAFE College at the north-western side of Hornsby .	The western side of the railway line is home to Hornsby 's main post office , court house , police station , council office , public swimming pool , TAFE college and many older shops and businesses .
It is the administrative center of the local government area of Hornsby Shire .	Hornsby shire is one of the biggest Local Government areas of Sydney , with a population of 155,971 .
Nate dropped light rainfall and produced gusty winds on the island of Bermuda .	Nate caused light rainfall and gusty winds on Bermuda .
Four Canadian Navy ships headed to the Gulf Coast of the United States , carrying relief supplies to help in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina , were slowed down trying to avoid Hurricanes Nate and Ophelia .	Canadian Navy ships that were carrying supplies to help people in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina were slowed down because of Nate .
Hurricane Nate was an Atlantic hurricane that threatened Bermuda but remained at sea during early September 2005 .	Hurricane Nate was an Atlantic hurricane that formed in the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season .
The fourteenth named storm and seventh hurricane of the annual Atlantic hurricane season , Nate formed southwest of Bermuda on September 5 and initially moved very slowly to the northeast .	Nate was the 14th named storm and 7th hurricane of the 2005 season .
The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2013 was the 11th annual Junior Eurovision Song Contest .	The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2013 will be the 11th annual Junior Eurovision Song Contest .
It was the second time the contest was held in Kiev , the first being the 2009 Contest .	This is the second time the contest will be held in Kiev , the first being the 2009 Contest .
It took place in Kiev , Ukraine on 30 November 2013 .	It will take place in Kiev , Ukraine on 30 November 2013 .
Ukrainian broadcaster NTU was the host broadcaster for the event .	Ukrainian broadcaster NTU will be the host broadcaster for the event .
It was also the second time in the history of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest that the event took place in last year 's winning country , as well as the first time that the event was held in the same city twice .	It will also be the second time in the history of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest that the event will be held in last year 's winning country .
The venue for the contest was announced on 10 April 2013 , as the Palace `` Ukraine '' .	The venue for the contest was announced on 10 April 2013 , as the National Palace of Arts `` Ukraina '' .
The next close approach will be June 16 , 2015 , at 8.1 Gm ( 5 million miles ) .	The next close approach will be June 16 , 2015 at 8.1 Gm ( 5 million miles ) .
It was discovered in 1949 by Walter Baade .	It was found in 1949 by Walter Baade .
As of 2012 , the last close approach was in 1996 , at 15.1 Gm , almost 40 times as far as the Moon .	The last close approach was in 1996 , at 15.1 Gm , almost 40 times as far as the Moon .
Rarely , it comes as close as 6.4 Gm ( 16 lunar distances and 4 million miles ) , as it did on June 14 , 1968 .	Sometimes , it comes as close as 6.4 Gm ( 16 lunar distances and 4 million miles ) , as it did on June 14 , 1968 .
Icarus makes close approaches to Earth , in the month of June , at gaps of 9 , 19 , or 28 years .	Icarus makes a close approach to Earth at gaps of 9 , 19 , or 38 years .
In early 1967 , Professor Paul Sandorff from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology gave his students in a systems engineering class the task to devise a plan to destroy Icarus in the case that it was on a collision course with Earth .	In 1967 , Professor Paul Sandorff from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology gave his students the task to make a plan to destroy Icarus in the case that it may be hitting Earth .
1566 Icarus ( \ / ˈɪkərəs \ / IK-ə-rəs ) is an Apollo asteroid ( a subclass of near-Earth asteroid ) that at perihelion comes closer to the Sun than Mercury , i.e. it is a Mercury-crossing asteroid .	1566 Icarus is an Apollo asteroid ( a sub-class of near-Earth asteroid ) whose strange characteristic is that at perihelion ( is closest approach to the Sun ) it is closer to the Sun than Mercury ; it is said to be a Mercury-crosser asteroid .
This report was the basis and inspiration for the 1979 science fiction film Meteor .	This plan is known as Project Icarus ( which was the basis for the 1979 science fiction film Meteor , starring Sean Connery ) .
The center emblem is the classical emblem of Afghanistan with a mosque with its mihrab facing Makah .	The center emblem is the classical emblem of Afghanistan with a mosque with its mihrab facing Mecca .
This flag consists of three stripes of the colors black , red , and green .	This flag has three stripes of the colors black , red , and green .
The flag of Afghanistan ( Pashto : د افغانستان بيرغ ; Persian : پرچم افغانستان ) was adopted by the Afghan Interim Administration on December 22 , 2001 .	The flag of Afghanistan ( Persian : بيرق افغانستان , Pashto : د افغانستان بيرغ ) started to be used on January 4 , 2004 .
Olivia never affected land .	Olivia did not affect land .
Hector remained a Category 2 hurricane for about 24 hours .	Hector was a Category 2 hurricane .
Although Fabio did not impact land , its remnants produced heavy rainfall in Hawaii .	Fabio caused heavy rainfall in Hawaii .
Early in October , a low pressure system began to organize to the west of the Mexican coast , and on October 9 it developed into Tropical Depression Fifteen-E .	On May 27 Tropical Depression One-E formed .
The origins of Tropical Depression Eighteen-E were from a tropical wave that exited the coast of Africa on October 7 .	Tropical Depression Twenty-E formed and died on the same day , November 11 .
In southern New Mexico , the rainfall caused widespread street flooding and some minor damage .	It caused some rain in Mexico , causing minor damage .
No storms formed in June , though the season became active in July when five named storms developed , including Hurricane Daniel which was the second strongest storm of the season , as well as Tropical Storm Emilia .	It was the second strongest storm this year .
Rosa was the first tropical storm in the basin to develop during November since 2000 , and was also the first tropical depression to form in the month since 2002 's Tropical Depression Sixteen-E .	John started as Tropical Depression Eleven-E and later on became a tropical storm and then a hurricane .
After completing and having her diploma from Istanbul State Conservatory , she worked in Dormen Theatre .	After completing and having her diploma from Istanbul State Conservatory , she worked in Dormen Teatre .
She then moved on to television roles as she continued her theater experience in Besiktas Cultural Center .	Then she took part in TV Serials and also continued her theater experience in Besiktas Cultural Center .
While in London , Pavlova was influential in the development of British ballet , most notably inspiring the career of Alicia Markova .	While in London Pavlova was influential in the development of British ballet , most notably inspiring the career of Alicia Markova .
Pavlova is most recognized for the creation of the role The Dying Swan and , with her own company , became the first ballerina to tour ballet around the world .	Pavlova is most recognized for the creation of the rôle The Dying Swan and , with her own company , would become the first ballerina to tour ballet around the world .
The house had an ornamental lake where she fed her pet swans , and where now stands a statue of her by the Scots sculptor George Henry Paulin .	The house had an ornamental lake where she would feed her pet swans , and where there is a statue of the ballerina by the Scots sculptor George Henry Paulin .
Her severely arched feet , thin ankles , and long limbs clashed with the small and compact body in favor for the ballerina at the time .	Her severely arched feet , thin ankles , and long limbs clashed with the small , compact body favored for ballerinas at the time .
It is now the London Jewish Cultural Centre , but a blue plaque marks it as a site of significant historical interest being Pavlova 's home .	It is now the London Jewish Cultural Centre but a Blue Plaque marks it as Pavlova 's previous home and a site of significant historical interest .
She was a principal artist of the Imperial Russian Ballet and the Ballets Russes of Sergei Diaghilev .	She is widely regarded as one of the finest classical ballet dancers in history and was most noted as a principal artist of the Imperial Russian Ballet and the Ballets Russes of Serge Diaghilev .
Classical ballet did not come easily to her .	The young Pavlova 's years of training were difficult , as classical ballet did not come easily to her .
After leaving Russia , Pavlova moved to London , England , settling , in 1912 , at the Ivy House on North End Road , Golders Green , north of Hampstead Heath , where she lived for the rest of her life .	After leaving Russia , Pavlova settled in Ivy House on North End Road , near Hampstead , where she lived for the rest of her life .
Insomnia is most often thought of as both a medical sign and a symptom that can accompany several sleep , medical , and psychiatric disorders characterized by a persistent difficulty falling asleep and\/or staying asleep or sleep of poor quality .	Insomnia can mean a problem with getting to sleep or a problem with staying asleep .
The logs list who made the removal , when , from which page , and a provided comment .	The log lists who made the removal , when , from which page , and a provided comment .
October is the second album by Irish rock band U2 , released in 1981 .	October is the second album by Irish rock band U2 , from the year 1981 .
All lyrics written by Bono , all music composed by U2 .	All of the songs were written by U2 , and all of the lyrics were written by Bono .
The album received mixed reviews and limited radio play .	It got mixed reviews and it was not played much by radio stations .
After completing their Boy Tour in February 1981 , U2 began to write new material .	After touring for Boy , U2 began to write new songs .
Gillis has released five LPs on the record label Illegal Art and EPs on 333 and 12 Apostles .	Gillis , who lives in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , has released four LPs on Illegal Art and EPs on 333 and 12 Apostles record labels .
In 2007 , Gillis was the recipient of a Wired magazine Rave Award .	In 2007 , Gillis was the winner of Wired Magazine 's Rave Award .
After a few collaborative efforts he started the solo `` Girl Talk '' project while studying biomedical engineering at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland , Ohio .	He began making music while studying Biomedical Engineering at Case Western Reserve University .
He produces mashup-style remixes , in which he uses often a dozen or more unauthorized samples from different songs to create a mashup .	He specializes in mash-up style remixes , in which he uses often a dozen or more unauthorized samples from different songs to create a new song ; The New York Times Magazine has called his music `` a lawsuit waiting to happen . ''
Shortly thereafter , a superior technique was discovered : two wooden halves were carved , a graphite stick inserted , and the halves then glued together-essentially the same method in use to this day .	Shortly thereafter , a superior technique was discovered : two wooden halves were carved , a graphite stick inserted , and the two halves then glued together-essentially the same method in use to this day .
Their version was a flat , oval , more compact type of pencil .	Their version was instead a flat , oval , more compact type of pencil .
In 1862 , Lipman sold his patent to Joseph Reckendorfer for $ 100,000 , who went on to sue pencil manufacturer Faber-Castell for infringement .	In 1862 Lipman sold his patent to Joseph Reckendorfer for $ 100,000 , who went to sue the pencil manufacturer Faber-Castell for infringement .
In 1875 , the Supreme Court of the US ruled against Reckendorfer declaring the patent invalid .	In 1875 , the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Reckendorfer declaring the patent invalid .
England continued to enjoy a monopoly on the production of pencils until a method of reconstituting the graphite powder was found .	England continued to have a monopoly on the production of pencils until a method of reconstituting the graphite powder was found .
This remains the only large-scale deposit of graphite ever found in this solid form .	This is still the only large scale deposit of graphite ever found in this solid form .
When sufficient stores of graphite had been accumulated , the mines were flooded to prevent theft until more was required .	When sufficient stocks of graphite had been accumulated , the mines were flooded to prevent theft until more was required .
The value of graphite was soon realized to be enormous , mainly because it could be used to line the moulds for cannonballs , and the mines were taken over by the Crown and guarded .	The value of graphite was soon realized , mainly because it could be used to line the moulds for cannonballs .
Graphite sticks were initially wrapped in string or sheepskin for stability .	Graphite sticks were at first wrapped in string or in sheepskin for stability .
The town of Keswick , near the original findings of block graphite , still manufactures pencils , the factory also being the location of the Cumberland pencil museum .	The town of Keswick , near the original findings of block graphite , has a pencil museum .
English and German pencils were not available to the French during the Napoleonic Wars ; France , under naval blockade imposed by Great Britain , was unable to import the pure graphite sticks from the British Grey Knotts mines - the only known source in the world .	France was under naval blockade imposed by Great Britain and could not import the pure graphite sticks from the British Grey Knotts mines - the only known source in the world for solid graphite .
Around 1560 , an Italian couple named Simonio and Lyndiana Bernacotti made what are likely the first blueprints for the modern , wood-encased carpentry pencil .	In 1560 , an Italian couple named Simonio and Lyndiana Bernacotti created the first blueprints for the modern carpentry pencil to mark their carpentry pieces .
Because graphite is soft , it requires some form of encasement .	Because graphite is soft , it requires some form of holder .

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