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5.3.3.1 NRM based approach
The NRMs defined by SA5 are a representation of the current state of the managed system. They do not represent states before the current time. Reading the data node tree always returns its current state. For retrieving historical alarms two methods can be envisaged: - A new retrieval operation can be introduced with ...
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5.3.3.2 Management data based approach
The alarm records are handled as a specific kind of management data, like performance metrics or Trace and MDT data. The MnS allowing to retrieve active alarms (based on the "AlarmList" object) is not modified. More specifically, the schema of the alarm record is used to specify the value of a new management data cate...
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5.4 Use case#4 on software management for 5G
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5.4.1 Description
3GPP TS 32.531 [11], TS 32.532 [12], and TS 32.533 [13] define the concepts, requirements, Information Service, and CORBA solution set for the software management of NEs for 4G, encompassing both automated and non-automated software management approaches. Software management for 5G enhances 5G network operational effi...
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5.4.2 Potential requirements
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5.4.2.1 Potential general requirements
REQ-SBMA-SWM-1: The 3GPP management system should support software management.
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5.4.2.2 Potential requirements for PNF
REQ-SBMA-PNFSWM-1: The 3GPP management system shall support the capability to download SW to the MnS producer. REQ-SBMA-PNFSWM-2 The 3GPP management system shall support the capability to activate the new SW, that is to start running it by bringing it into service REQ-SBMA-PNFSWM-3: The 3GPP management system shall s...
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5.4.2.3 Potential requirements for VNF
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5.4.3 Potential solutions
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5.4.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
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5.5 Use case#5 on inventory management for 5G
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5.5.1 Description
3GPP TS 28.631 [14], TS 28.632 [15], and TS 28.633 [16] define the requirements, Information Service definitions, and XML solution set for inventory management. These specifications cover inventory information of NEs, including hardware, software, licences, Tower Mounted Amplifiers (TMAs) and antennas. The benefits of...
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5.5.2 Potential requirements
REQ-SBMA-IM-1: The 3GPP management system should support inventory management. REQ-SBMA-IM-2: The 3GPP management system should support inventory management for hardware.
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5.5.3 Potential solutions
Though the scope of TS 28.631 [14]/TS 28.632 [15] is limited to the communication between IRPAgent and IRPManager, the content of the inventory NRMs defined in TS 28.632 [15] can be reused to support inventory management for hardware. This solution addresses REQ-SBMA-IM-1 and REQ-SBMA-IM-2 in clause 5.5.2 and proposes ...
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5.5.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
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5.6 Use case #6: Merge operation
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5.6.1 Description
The changeMOIs operation and the notifyMOIChanges notification (as described in TS 28.532[12]) both support multiple operation types, defined by the "modifyOperator" in changeMOIs and as "op" in notifyMOIChanges. These operations are optimized for handling individual data nodes e.g. replacing a full object with all its...
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5.6.2 Potential requirements
REQ-MERGE-1: Add a simple solution for indicating the update of multiple attributes of multiple MOIs with a single notification while minimizing the need for parsing long "path" parameters.
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5.6.3 Potential solutions
Two separate solutions are proposed for the problems described in clause 5.6.1.1 and 5.6.1.2. a) Describe the merge operation for the changeMOIs operation on stage-2 in 28.532[12]. Note: Exact details of merge shall not be described on stage-2 as they are solution set specific and already described in RFC 6241[19] ...
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5.6.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
TBD
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5.7 Use case#7: MnS selection in distributed deployment scenarios for SBMA
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5.7.1 Description
3GPP management system introduce Service-Based Management Architecture in 5G which has improved system flexibility to adapt to different types of deployment scenarios. In SBMA, MnS producer and MnS consumer are two fundamental entities as defined in TS 28.533[2]. According to definitions in and TS 28.537[4] and TS 32.1...
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5.7.2 Potential requirements
REQ-Distributed-FUN-1: The 3GPP management system should have capability to assist the MnS consumer to select the appropriate MnS(s) from multiple discovered MnS(s). 5.X Use case #<X>: <use case title> 5.X.1 Description Editor's note: This clause provides a description of use case. 5.X.2 Potential requirements E...
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6 Conclusions and recommendations
6.X Use case #<X>: <use case title> Editor's note: This clause provides conclusions and recommendations for the corresponding use case. Annex A: Change history Change history Date Meeting TDoc CR Rev Cat Subject/Comment New version 2025-08 SA5#162 Initial skeleton V0.0.0 2025-10 SA5#163...
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1 Scope
The present document identifies potential use cases and requirements for enhancements to 3GPP management system to support requirements related to energy efficiency as a service criteria (defined in TS 22.261 [2]), to support information required by Energy Information Function (EIF) (see TR 23.700-67 [9]) and enhancem...
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2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. - References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non‑specific. - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. -...
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3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. carbon emission: quantity of equivalent carbon dioxide emitted (e.g. kg of CO2 equivalent). NOTE 1...
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3.2 Symbols
Void.
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. EC Energy Consumption EE Energy Efficiency EIF Energy Information Functi...
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4 Concepts and Background
Climate change and the rise in total energy usage due to increased traffic and dense networks have motivated operators for having mechanisms in place that can lead to enhanced energy saving and energy efficiency in a network. Energy efficiency is thus, a strategic priority for telecom operators around the world. In t...
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5 Use Cases
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5.1 Enhancements to support energy efficiency as a service criteria
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5.1.1 Use case #1: Enhancements to support the energy-related characteristics for Network Elements and Network Functions
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5.1.1.1 Description
Energy-related characteristics, energy availability, energy capacity, energy supply mix, carbon emission and carbon intensity are defined in TS 22.261 [2]. Several new use cases and requirements have been introduced in clause 6.15a of TS 22.261 [2] that utilize this energy-related characteristics such as adjustments to...
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5.1.1.2 Potential requirements
PREQ-Energy_Related_Characteristics-1: The 3GPP management system should be able to estimate and report the carbon emission information Network Element and Network Function. PREQ-Energy_Related_Characteristics-2: The 3GPP management system should enable an authorized consumer to retrieve energy capacity information of...
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5.1.1.3 Potential solutions
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5.1.1.3.1 Potential solution #1: Energy capacity and energy availability information as external management data
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5.1.1.3.1.1 Introduction
The NG-RAN Node, gNB or UPF defined in RAN and SA2 3GPP specification does not specify measurements of such energy capacity and energy availability related information. Energy capacity and energy availability information is external management data, as this data is not available or reported inherently by the 3GPP netwo...
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5.1.1.3.1.2 Description
Generic interface for monitoring and control of power, cooling and building environment systems is specified in ETSI ES 202 336‑1 [12], while the monitoring and control for specific power systems are defined in ETSI ES 202 336‑2 [13] to ETSI ES 202 336-11 [22], and measurement and monitoring of power, energy and enviro...
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5.1.1.3.2 Potential solution #2: Enhancement to estimation of carbon emission information
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5.1.1.3.2.1 Introduction
This potential solution is to enhance the KPIs related to estimated carbon emission for scenarios where the network elements are powered using multiple energy supplies, and energy consumption (EC) can be measured at per energy supply granularity. This potential solution is for the requirement PREQ-Energy_Related_Charac...
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5.1.1.3.2.2 Description
gNB Estimated Carbon Emission and NG-RAN Estimated Carbon Emission KPIs are defined in clause 6.7.7. of TS 28.554 [4]. Currently, the gNB Estimated Carbon Emission and NG-RAN Estimated Carbon Emission KPIs are limited to the scenario when they are powered using a single energy supply only. The following enhancements a...
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5.1.1.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
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5.1.1.4.1 Evaluation of potential #1: Energy capacity and energy availability information as external management data
The potential solution #1 Energy capacity and energy availability information as external management data (described in clause 5.1.1.3.1), illustrates how 3GPP network can utilize this external management data related to energy capacity and energy availability information, when associated with the applicable scope, uti...
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5.1.1.4.2 Evaluation of potential #2: Enhancement to estimation of carbon emission information
The potential solution #2: Enhancement to estimation of carbon emission information (described in clause 5.1.1.3.1), proposes enhancements to the ECEgNB KPI (defined in clause 6.7.7 of TS 28.554 [4]) to support estimated carbon emission for scenarios where the network elements are powered using multiple energy supplies...
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5.1.2 Use case #2: Management mechanisms to support service adjustments to adapt to energy-related characteristics and energy rationing
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5.1.2.1 Description
Under energy rationing constraints (i.e., when energy availability is limited or restricted), there is a potential risk for the entire network to shut-down causing service disruption. During such unavoidable hard constraints, the operators would like the network to provide services to their consumers to extend the time...
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5.1.2.2 Potential requirements
PREQ-Energy_Related_Service_Adjustment-1: The 3GPP management system should enable the operator to adapt the network performance of existing communication services to meet energy rationing control utilizing the available energy rationing information. PREQ-Energy_Related_Service_Adjustment-2: The 3GPP management system...
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5.1.2.3 Potential solutions
None
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5.1.2.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
There were no potential solutions studied for this use case.
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5.1.3 Use case #3: Energy Rationing Information Management
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5.1.3.1 Description
Clause 3.1 in TS 22.261 [2] defines energy rationing as a situation in which the availability of energy either across the network or at a particular network element or function is limited or reduced. This use case is for enabling management of energy rationing and energy saving in a network. The configuration of energy...
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5.1.3.2 Potential requirements
REQ-Energy_Rationing-CON-1: The 3GPP management system should enable its authorised consumers to provide energy rationing related information in an operator's network.
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5.1.3.3 Potential solutions
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5.1.3.3.1 Potential solution #1: Energy Rationing Information Configuration
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5.1.3.3.1.1 Introduction
The proposed solution is to provide mechanism to configure information related to Energy Rationing as there exist none. Such information includes, but not limited to, energy rationing causes, maximum energy consumption limits, energy rationing limits of network nodes for particular locations, specific time duration and...
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5.1.3.3.1.2 Description
The proposed solution specifies energy rationing-related information in the network. Such information includes energy rationing causes, maximum energy consumption limits, or energy rationing limits of network nodes for particular locations, for specific time durations and applicable services when energy rationing is in...
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5.1.3.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
The mutually agreed solution, potential solution #1 Energy Rationing Information Configuration (described in clause 5.1.3.3.1), illustrates energy rationing information that is to be configured in an operator's network. The potential solution #1 fulfils the requirement REQ-Energy_Rationing-CON-1. Thus, it is a feasib...
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5.2 Enhancements to support the information required by Energy Information Function (EIF)
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5.2.1 Use case #1: Energy consumption and Energy Efficiency estimation and reporting at per network slice granularity
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5.2.1.1 Description
Energy Consumption at network slice (as defined in TS 23.501 [8]) granularity is an essential information that 5GC NFs uses for further optimization. Energy consumption of a NetworkSlice is defined in TS 28.554 [4]. But NetworkSlice IOC is not equivalent to the network slice as defined in TS 23.501 [8]. Energy consumpt...
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5.2.1.2 Potential requirements
PREQ-Energy_Reporting_Network_Slice-1: The 3GPP management system should be able to estimate and report the energy consumption at per network slice granularity. PREQ-Energy_Reporting_Network_Slice-2: The 3GPP management system should be able to estimate and report the energy efficiency at per network slice granularity...
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5.2.1.3 Potential solutions
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5.2.1.3.1 Potential solution #1: Enhancements to estimation of network slice EC KPIs
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5.2.1.3.1.1 Introduction
This potential solution defines enhancements estimation of network slice energy consumption KPI.
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5.2.1.3.1.2 Description
The existing network slice EC KPI specified in clause 6.7.3.3 of TS 28.554 [4] can be enhanced to report support reporting for each SNSSAI. The KPI description in clause 6.7.3.3 of TS 28.554 [4] already describes how to estimate the energy consumption of gNB and 5GC NFs that are part of the NetworkSlice. This KPI can...
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5.2.1.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
The potential solution #1 Enhancements to estimation of network slice EC KPIs (described in clause 5.2.1.3.1), provides enhancements to the existing network slice EC KPI (defined in clause 6.7.3.3 of TS 28.554 [4]) to support the Estimated Energy Consumption (ECns_SNSSAI) of a network slice (S-NSSAI) and Estimated Ener...
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5.2.2 Use case #2: Enhancements to 5GC NF Profile to support energy saving and energy efficiency
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5.2.2.1 Description
Several solutions identified for the key issues in TR 23.700-67 [9] include enhancements to 5GC NF Profile (see TS 23.501 [8]) to support energy saving and energy efficiency. 5GC NF Profile related attributes are modelled in ManagedNFProfile data type (see clause 5.3.54 of TS 28.541 [7]). This use case is to identi...
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5.2.2.2 Potential requirements
PREQ-NFProfile_Energy_Conf-1: The 3GPP management system should be able to support energy saving and energy related configurations in the managed 5GC NF Profile.
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5.2.2.3 Potential solutions
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5.2.2.3.1 Potential solution #1: Enhancements to ManagedNFProfile data type
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5.2.2.3.1.1 Introduction
The conclusions for KI#3 of SA WG2 study are documented in clause 8.3 of TR 23.700-67 [9]. This includes the potential enhancements for NF Profile to include parameters "Energy Priority Information", "Schedule of Energy State" and "Energy State" (see Table 8.3-1 of TR 23.700-67 [9]).
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5.2.2.3.1.2 Description
5GC NF Profile related attributes are modelled in ManagedNFProfile data type (see clause 5.3.54 of TS 28.541 [7]). This data type needs enhancements to include additional attributes to support the parameters "Energy Priority Information", "Schedule of Energy State" and "Energy State" studied by SA WG2 (see Table 8.3-1 ...
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5.2.2.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
The potential solution #1 Enhancements to ManagedNFProfile data type (described in clause 5.2.2.3.1), identifies enhancements to introduce new attributes to ManagedNFProfile data type (defined in clause 5.3.54 of TS 28.541 [7]). The potential solution 1 fulfils the requirement PREQ-NFProfile_Energy_Conf-1. This is a f...
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5.3 Improve energy saving, energy efficiency and reducing carbon footprint of 5G network
There are no use-cases studied to improve energy saving, energy efficiency and reducing carbon footprint of 5G network.
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5.4 Enhancements to Energy Consumption and Energy Efficiency measurements and KPIs
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5.4.1 Use case #1: Renewable energy consumption
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5.4.1.1 Description
The operators are interested in using renewable energy sources to reduce emissions and boost network efficiency. Therefore, it is important to track and report the share of energy consumption from renewable sources in their networks. Due to the highly variable and unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources, the ...
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5.4.1.2 Potential requirements
REQ-RECM-CON-1: The 3GPP management system shall be able to allow its authorized consumers to request reporting about renewable energy consumption at different granularities.
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5.4.1.3 Potential solutions
None.
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5.4.1.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
There were no potential solutions studied for this use case.
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5.4.2 Use case #2: Support EC measurement of NE at per Energy Supply granularity
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5.4.2.1 Description
Network Elements can be powered using multiple energy supplies (grid, backup energy, locally generated energy). The Network Element consumes energy from different energy supplies during different periods of time based on various conditions in the operator network. The 3GPP management system needs to measure and report ...
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5.4.2.2 Potential requirements
PREQ-Energy_Consumption-1: The 3GPP management system should be able to measure and report the energy consumption of a Network Element at a per energy supply granularity.
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5.4.2.3 Potential solutions
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5.4.2.3.1 Potential solution #1: Enhancements to EnergyInfoGroup and Energy consumption measurement
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5.4.2.3.1.1 Introduction
A Network Element can be powered using multiple energy supplies. ETSI ES 202 336-12 [23] clause 4.3.2 specifies the following, which indicates that the measurements can be provided at individual power inputs on the same ICT equipment. An example is illustrated in Figure 3 of ETSI ES 202 336-12 [23]. "When there are ...
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5.4.2.3.1.2 Description
As described in clause 5.4.2.3.1.1, the energy consumption cannot be measured at ManagedFunction granularity. EnergyInfoGroup IOC (defined in TS 28.310 [3]) is used to associate multiple energy supplies that are used to power the Managed Elements (representing the Network Elements). The power, energy and environmental...
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5.4.2.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
The potential solution #1 Enhancements to EnergyInfoGroup and Energy consumption measurement (described in clause 5.4.2.3.1), describes the enhancements to ManagedFunction IOC (defined in TS 28.622 [24]), EnergyInfoGroup IOC (defined in TS 28.310 [3]) and PNF Energy consumption measurement (defined in clause 5.1.1.19.3...
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5.4.3 Use case #3: Support estimation of EC and EE KPIs at per PLMN-ID granularity in Network sharing scenario
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5.4.3.1 Description
When a NG-RAN is shared between multiple operators in the network sharing (see TS 32.130 [11]), the participating operators are interested in the operator-specific energy consumption (EC) and energy efficiency (EE) of the gNB. The gNB can support and serve multiple operators (i.e., PLMN-IDs) in Network sharing scenar...
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5.4.3.2 Potential requirements
PREQ-Energy_Consumption_Network_Sharing-1: The 3GPP management system should be able to report the energy consumption and energy efficiency of a gNB at operator-specific, i.e., at a per PLMN-ID granularity.
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5.4.3.3 Potential solutions
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5.4.3.3.1 Potential solution #1: Estimation of gNB EC per PLMN-ID granularity
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5.4.3.3.1.1 Introduction
This potential solution describes estimation of energy consumption of a gNB at a per PLMN-ID granularity.
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5.4.3.3.1.2 Description
The gNB EC KPI defined in clause 6.7.3.4.2 of TS 28.554 [4] can be enhanced to optionally support reporting at PLMN-ID granularity as follows: a) EC_gNB_PLMNID b) This KPI describes the energy consumption of an gNB at operator-specific, i.e., at a per PLMN-ID granularity. It is obtained using the of the PNF Energy Co...
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5.4.3.4 Evaluation of potential solutions
The potential solution #1 Estimation of gNB EC per PLMN-ID granularity (described in clause 5.4.3.3.1), provides enhancements to the gNB EC KPI (defined in clause 6.7.3.4.2 of TS 28.554 [4]) to optionally support reporting at PLMN-ID granularity. This potential solution utilizes measurements with PLMN filters (defined ...
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5.4.4 Use case #4: Support estimation of EE KPI of HDLLC slice