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Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Polyhydramnios? | Polyhydramnios symptoms may be linked with the buildup of amniotic fluid creating pressure within the uterus and on nearby organs. Mild polyhydramnios often causes few or no symptoms. But serious forms of the condition may cause:
• Shortness of breath or not being able to breathe.
• Swelling in the ankles or feet.
•... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Polyhydramnios? | Some of the known causes of polyhydramnios include:
• Conditions that affect the baby's digestive tract, central nervous system or certain other organs.
• Genetic conditions that affect the baby.
• Diabetes in the pregnant person.
• A complication of identical twin pregnancies in which one twin receives too much bl... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Polyhydramnios? | Risk factors for polyhydramnios include certain conditions that develop during pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes. A condition that affects the developing baby, such as a problem with the digestive tract, central nervous system or other organs, may also put you at risk of polyhydramnios. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Polyhydramnios? | Polyhydramnios is linked with:
• The baby being born too early, also called premature birth.
• The baby not being head-down in the ideal position before delivery, also called a breech birth.
• The water breaking early, also called premature rupture of membranes.
• The baby's umbilical cord dropping into the vagina ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Polymyositis? | Polymyositis (pol-e-my-o-SY-tis) is an uncommon inflammatory disease that causes muscle weakness affecting both sides of your body. Having this condition can make it difficult to climb stairs, rise from a seated position, lift objects or reach overhead.
Polymyositis most commonly affects adults in their 30s, 40s or 50... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Polymyositis? | The muscle weakness associated with polymyositis involves the muscles closest to the trunk, such as those in your hips, thighs, shoulders, upper arms and neck. The weakness affects both the left and right sides of your body, and tends to gradually worsen. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Polymyositis? | The exact cause of polymyositis is unknown, but the disease shares many characteristics with autoimmune disorders, in which your immune system mistakenly attacks your own body tissues. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Polymyositis? | Your risk of polymyositis is higher if you have lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or Sjogren's syndrome. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Polymyositis? | Possible complications of polymyositis include:
• Difficulty swallowing.If the muscles in your esophagus are affected, you may have problems swallowing (dysphagia), which in turn may cause weight loss and malnutrition.
• Aspiration pneumonia.Difficulty swallowing may also cause you to breathe food or liquids, includi... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Popliteal artery entrapment? | Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is an uncommon condition that affects the main artery behind the knee. That artery is called the popliteal artery. In this condition, the calf muscle is in the wrong position or it's larger than usual. The muscle presses on the artery. The artery becomes trapped, making it ha... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Popliteal artery entrapment? | The main symptom of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is pain or cramping in the back of the lower leg. The back of the lower leg is called the calf. The pain occurs during exercise and goes away with rest. Other symptoms may include:
• Cold feet after exercise.
• Tingling or burning in your calf.
• Numbne... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Popliteal artery entrapment? | Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is caused by an irregular calf muscle, usually the gastrocnemius muscle.
The condition may be seen at birth, or it may occur later in life. When it's present at birth, the baby's calf muscle or nearby artery forms in the wrong place during pregnancy. People who get the condi... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Popliteal artery entrapment? | Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is uncommon. The following things increase the risk of the condition.
• Younger age.The condition is most often seen in people who are in their late teens or 20s. It's rarely diagnosed in those over age 40.
• Being male.PAEScan occur in anyone, but it's much more common in ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Popliteal artery entrapment? | Long-term pressure on the popliteal artery can cause the artery to narrow. This is called artery stenosis. It can cause pain and cramping with just slight activity, such as walking.
In severe cases or when undiagnosed, the nerves and muscles in the leg can become damaged. Blood clots may occur in the lower leg. Older ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome of Popliteal artery entrapment? | • Symptoms&causes
• Diagnosis&treatment
• Doctors&departments
• Care atMayoClinic | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Porphyria? | Porphyria (por-FEAR-e-uh) refers to a group of rare disorders that result from a buildup of natural chemicals called porphyrins in the body. Porphyrins are needed to make heme, a part of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells. It carries oxygen to the body's organs and tissues.
Eight enzymes are needed... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Porphyria? | Symptoms can vary widely by type of porphyria and in how severe the symptoms are. Symptoms also can vary among people with the condition. Some people with a gene change that causes porphyria never have any symptoms. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Porphyria? | All types of porphyria involve a problem making heme. Heme is a part of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body. Heme also plays a role in clearing drugs and hormones from the body.
Heme is made in the bone marrow and liver. This process invo... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Porphyria? | In addition to genetic risk factors, environmental risk factors may trigger symptoms in porphyria. When exposed to the trigger, the body's demand for heme production increases. This overwhelms the low level of a needed enzyme, setting in motion a process that causes a buildup of porphyrins.
Examples of triggers includ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Porphyria? | Possible complications depend on the form of porphyria:
• Acute porphyriascan be life-threatening if an attack isn't promptly treated. During an attack, you may experience dehydration from loss of fluids, breathing problems, seizures or high blood pressure. You may need a stay in the hospital for treatment. Long-term ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Porphyria? | Although there's no way to prevent porphyria, if you have the condition, avoid triggers to help prevent symptoms.
Because porphyria is usually an inherited disorder, your siblings and other family members may want to consider genetic testing to determine if they have the condition. Genetic counseling is important to h... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? | Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that's caused by an extremely stressful or terrifying event — either being part of it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares, severe anxiety and uncontrollable thoughts about the event.
Most people who go through traumatic events... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? | Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms may start within the first three months after a traumatic event. But sometimes symptoms may not appear until years after the event. These symptoms last more than one month and cause major problems in social or work situations and how well you get along with others. They also can ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? | You can develop post-traumatic stress disorder when you go through, see or learn about an event involving actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual assault.
Healthcare professionals aren't sure why some people getPTSD. As with most mental health problems, a mix of factors probably causes it, including:
• E... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? | People of all ages can have post-traumatic stress disorder. But you may be more likely to developPTSDafter a traumatic event if you:
• Have severe or long-lasting traumatic experiences.
• Were physically injured during the traumatic event.
• Have been exposed to other trauma earlier in life, such as childhood abuse.... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? | Post-traumatic stress disorder can disrupt your whole life — your education, job, how well you get along with others, physical health and enjoyment of everyday activities. HavingPTSDalso may raise your risk of other mental health problems, such as:
• Depression and anxiety disorders.
• Issues with drugs or alcohol us... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? | After surviving a traumatic event, many people havePTSD-like symptoms at first, such as not being able to stop thinking about what's happened. Fear, anxiety, anger, depression and guilt are all common reactions to trauma. But most people exposed to trauma don't go on to developPTSD.
Getting timely help and support may... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Post-vasectomy pain syndrome? | Vasectomy is a minor procedure that blocks the supply of sperm to the semen. It is a common form of male birth control that is done by cutting and sealing the tubes that carry sperm. The sperm, which can no longer reach the semen, are absorbed by the body.
Vasectomy has a low risk of problems, but some men develop pos... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Post-vasectomy pain syndrome? | Having some discomfort after vasectomy is common, but men withPVPShave pain that never seems to get better after the procedure.
Signs and symptoms ofPVPSmay include:
• Pain and tenderness in the scrotum
• Pressure or pain after ejaculation
• Dull ache in one or both testicles
• Pain and tenderness at the site of t... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Post-vasectomy pain syndrome? | The causes ofPVPSare not well understood. They may include:
• Infection.Inflammation can damage the scrotum, epididymis or other structures along the cord that carries blood vessels and nerves to the testicle (spermatic cord).
• Nerve compression.A narrowing of nerves to the testicle may cause symptoms ofPVPS.
• Bac... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Post-vasectomy pain syndrome? | There are no known risk factors for developingPVPS. It is not associated with any specific age group, socioeconomic status, environmental factors or type of vasectomy procedure. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Post-vasectomy pain syndrome? | If left untreated, severe pain may cause significant emotional and psychological distress for men withPVPS. Ongoing pain can affect quality of life for men withPVPS.
Men may be unable to participate in normal physical activity and have trouble working at their jobs. Pain may also result in men avoiding sex. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Posterior cortical atrophy? | Posterior cortical atrophy is a brain and nervous system syndrome that causes brain cells to die over time. It causes problems with eyesight and with processing visual information.
Common symptoms include trouble reading, judging distances and reaching for objects. People with the syndrome may not be able to recognize... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Posterior cortical atrophy? | Posterior cortical atrophy symptoms vary among people. Symptoms also can vary over time. They tend to gradually get worse. Common symptoms include having trouble with:
• Reading, spelling or math.
• Driving.
• Getting dressed.
• Telling the difference between objects that are moving and those that are still.
• Jud... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Posterior cortical atrophy? | The most common cause of posterior cortical atrophy is a form of Alzheimer's disease that's not typical. It affects the back of the brain. Other less common causes include corticobasal degeneration, Lewy body dementia and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Researchers are looking at potential gene variations that may be relate... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Posterior cortical atrophy? | Further study is needed to determine whether the risk factors for Alzheimer's disease may play a role in posterior cortical atrophy. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele)? | A posterior vaginal prolapse is a bulge of tissue into the vagina. It happens when the tissue between the rectum and the vagina weakens or tears. This causes the rectum to push into the vaginal wall. Posterior vaginal prolapse is also called a rectocele (REK-toe-seel).
Childbirth-related tears, chronic straining to pa... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele)? | A small posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele) might cause no symptoms.
Otherwise, you may notice:
• A soft bulge of tissue in the vagina that might come through the opening of the vagina
• Trouble having a bowel movement
• Feeling pressure or fullness in the rectum
• A feeling that the rectum has not completely e... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Women’s health topics - straight to your inbox of Posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele)? | Get the latest information from our Mayo Clinic experts on women’s health topics, serious and complex conditions, wellness and more.Click to view a previewand subscribe below. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele)? | Posterior vaginal prolapse results from pressure on the pelvic floor or trauma. Causes of increased pelvic floor pressure include:
• Birth-related tears
• Forceps or operative vaginal deliveries
• Long-lasting constipation or straining with bowel movements
• Long-lasting cough or bronchitis
• Repeated heavy liftin... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Posterior vaginal prolapse (rectocele)? | To help keep posterior vaginal prolapse from getting worse, you might try to:
• Perform Kegel exercises regularly.These exercises can strengthen pelvic floor muscles. This is especially important after having a baby.
• Treat and prevent constipation.Drink plenty of fluids and eat high-fiber foods, such as fruits, veg... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Pouchitis? | Symptoms of pouchitis can include diarrhea, belly pain, joint pain, cramps and fever. Other symptoms include passing stool more often, stool leakage at night, trouble controlling stool passage and a strong urge to pass stool. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Pouchitis? | The cause of pouchitis is unknown. The condition appears to be due to an interaction between bacteria in the pouch and an underlying issue with the immune system. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Pouchitis? | Some factors that can increase the risk of developing pouchitis include:
• Having inflammatory bowel disease, also called IBD.Pouchitis happens more often in people who have underlyingIBD, such as ulcerative colitis.
• Using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, also called NSAIDs.TakingNSAIDS, such as ibuprofen (Adv... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Prader-Willi syndrome? | Prader-Willi (PRAH-dur VIL-e) syndrome is a rare genetic condition that leads to physical, mental and behavioral problems. A key feature of Prader-Willi syndrome is a sense of being hungry all the time.
People with Prader-Willi syndrome want to eat all the time because they never feel full. This is called hyperphagia.... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Prader-Willi syndrome? | Symptoms of Prader-Willi syndrome, which can vary, slowly change over time from childhood to adulthood. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Prader-Willi syndrome? | Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic condition that is caused by an error in one or more genes. Although it's not known exactly what causes Prader-Willi syndrome, the problem lies in the genes in a region of chromosome 15.
Except for genes related to sex characteristics, all genes come in pairs. One copy is inherited fr... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Prader-Willi syndrome? | A child with an error in one or more genes in chromosome 15 is at the highest risk of getting Prader-Willi syndrome. For example, one of the genes might be missing. This error may or may not be inherited.
Those who have a child with Prader-Willi syndrome and would like to have another baby should think about getting g... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Prader-Willi syndrome? | If you have a child with Prader-Willi syndrome and would like to have another baby, think about getting genetic counseling. A genetic counselor can help you figure out the risk of having another child with Prader-Willi syndrome. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Premature birth? | A premature birth means a baby is born too early. The birth takes place before the 37th week of pregnancy. A typical pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks.
Premature babies often have serious health problems, especially when they're born very early. These problems often vary. But the earlier a baby is born, the higher the ri... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Premature birth? | Your baby may have very mild symptoms of premature birth or more-serious health problems.
Some signs of being born too early include:
• Small size, with a head that's large compared with the body.
• Features that are sharper and less rounded than a full-term baby's features due to a lack of cells that store fat.
• ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Premature birth? | Often, the exact cause of premature birth isn't clear. But certain things can raise the risk.
Some risk factors linked to past and present pregnancies include:
• Pregnancy with twins, triplets or other multiples.
• A span of less than six months between pregnancies. It's ideal to wait 18 to 24 months between pregnan... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Premature birth? | Not all premature babies have health complications. But being born too early can cause short-term and long-term medical problems. In general, the earlier a baby is born, the higher the risk of complications. Birth weight plays a key role too.
Some problems may be clear at birth. Others may not show up until later. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Premature birth? | The exact cause of preterm birth is often unknown. But some things can be done to help lower the risk of preterm birth, including:
• Taking progesterone supplements.Progesterone is a hormone that plays a role in pregnancy. A lab-made version of it may be able to lower the risk of preterm birth if you've had a prematur... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Premature ejaculation? | Premature ejaculation occurs in men when semen leave the body (ejaculate) sooner than wanted during sex. Premature ejaculation is a common sexual complaint. As many as 1 out of 3 people say they have it at some time.
Premature ejaculation isn't cause for concern if it doesn't happen often. But you might be diagnosed w... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Premature ejaculation? | The main symptom of premature ejaculation is not being able to delay ejaculation for more than three minutes after penetration. But it might occur in all sexual situations, even during masturbation.
Premature ejaculation can be classified as:
• Lifelong.Lifelong premature ejaculation occurs all or nearly all the time... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Premature ejaculation? | The exact cause of premature ejaculation isn't known. It was once thought to be only psychological. But health care providers now know that premature ejaculation involves a complex interaction of psychological and biological factors. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Premature ejaculation? | Various factors can increase the risk of premature ejaculation. They may include:
• Erectile dysfunction.You might be at increased risk of premature ejaculation if you have trouble getting or keeping an erection. Fear of losing an erection might cause you to hurry through sex. This may happen whether you're aware of i... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Premature ejaculation? | Premature ejaculation can cause issues in your personal life. They might include:
• Stress and relationship problems.A common complication of premature ejaculation is relationship stress.
• Fertility problems.Premature ejaculation can sometimes make it hard for a partner to get pregnant. This may happen if ejaculatio... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Presbyopia? | Presbyopia is the gradual loss of your eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects. It's a natural, often annoying part of aging. Presbyopia usually becomes noticeable in your early to mid-40s and continues to worsen until around age 65.
You may become aware of presbyopia when you start holding books and newspapers at ar... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Presbyopia? | Presbyopia develops gradually. You may first notice these signs and symptoms after age 40:
• A tendency to hold reading material farther away to make the letters clearer
• Blurred vision at normal reading distance
• Eyestrain or headaches after reading or doing close-up work
You may notice these symptoms are worse ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Presbyopia? | To form an image, your eye relies on the cornea and the lens to focus the light reflected from objects. The closer the object, the more the lens flexes.
• The corneais the clear, dome-shaped front surface of your eye.
• The lensis a clear structure about the size and shape of an M&M's candy.
• Both of these structur... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Presbyopia? | Certain factors can make you more likely to develop presbyopia, including:
• Age.Age is the greatest risk factor for presbyopia. Almost everyone experiences some degree of presbyopia after age 40.
• Other medical conditions.Being farsighted or having certain diseases — such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis or cardiova... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Prescription drug abuse? | Prescription drug abuse is the use of a prescription medicine in a way not intended by the prescriber. Prescription drug abuse, also called prescription drug misuse, includes everything from taking a friend's prescription painkiller for your backache to snorting or injecting ground-up pills to get high. Prescription dr... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Prescription drug abuse? | Signs and symptoms of prescription drug abuse depend on the specific drug. Because of their mind-altering properties, the most misused prescription drugs are:
• Opioidsused to treat pain, such as medicines containing oxycodone (Oxycontin, Percocet) and those containing hydrocodone (Norco)
• Anti-anxiety medicines, se... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Prescription drug abuse? | Teens and adults abuse prescription drugs for many reasons, such as:
• To feel good or get high
• To relax or relieve tension
• To ease pain
• To reduce appetite
• To increase alertness
• To experiment with mental effects of the substance
• To maintain an addiction and prevent withdrawal
• To be accepted by pee... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Prescription drug abuse? | Some people fear that they may become addicted to medicines prescribed for medical conditions, such as painkillers prescribed after surgery. But you can reduce your risk by carefully following your health care provider's instructions on how to take your medicine.
Prescription drug abuse is highest among teens and youn... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Prescription drug abuse? | Abusing prescription drugs can cause a number of problems. Prescription drugs can be especially dangerous — and even lead to death — when taken in high doses, when combined with other prescription drugs or certain over-the-counter medicines, or when taken with alcohol or illegal or recreational drugs. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Prescription drug abuse? | Prescription drug abuse may occur in people who need painkillers, sedatives or stimulants to treat a medical condition. If you're taking a prescription drug that commonly leads to drug misuse, here are ways to reduce your risk:
• Make sure you're getting the right medicine.Make sure your health care provider clearly u... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Preterm labor? | Preterm labor happens when regular contractions cause the cervix to open after week 20 and before week 37 of pregnancy.
Preterm labor can result in a baby being born before 37 weeks of pregnancy. The earlier the delivery, the greater the health risks for the baby. Many premature babies, called preemies, need special c... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Preterm labor? | Symptoms of preterm labor include:
• Regular or frequent feelings of belly tightening, called contractions.
• Dull low backache.
• A feeling of pressure in the pelvis or lower belly.
• Mild belly cramps.
• Vaginal spotting or light bleeding.
• A gush or an ongoing trickle of fluid after the sac around the unborn ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Preterm labor? | Preterm labor can affect any pregnancy. But many factors can raise the risk of preterm labor. They include the following. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Preterm labor? | Complications of preterm labor include having a premature baby. A baby who is born too early can have health issues. These may include low birth weight, trouble breathing, organs that are not fully formed, and trouble seeing and hearing.
Children who are born too early also have a higher risk of cerebral palsy, learni... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What is the prevention of Preterm labor? | You might not be able to prevent preterm labor. But you can do things to support a healthy, full-term pregnancy. For example:
• Get regular prenatal care.Prenatal visits allow your healthcare professional to watch your health and your baby's health. At those visits, talk about any symptoms that worry you. If you have ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Primary biliary cholangitis? | Primary biliary cholangitis is an autoimmune disease in which the bile ducts are inflamed and slowly destroyed. It previously was called primary biliary cirrhosis.
Bile is a fluid made in the liver. It helps with digestion and absorbing certain vitamins. It also helps the body absorb fats and get rid of cholesterol, t... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Primary biliary cholangitis? | More than half of people with primary biliary cholangitis do not have any noticeable symptoms when diagnosed. The disease may be diagnosed when blood tests are done for other reasons, such as routine testing. Symptoms eventually develop over the next 5 to 20 years. Those who do have symptoms at diagnosis typically have... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Primary biliary cholangitis? | It's not clear what causes primary biliary cholangitis. Many experts consider it an autoimmune disease in which the body turns against its own cells. Researchers believe this autoimmune response may be triggered by environmental and genetic factors.
The liver inflammation seen in primary biliary cholangitis starts whe... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Primary biliary cholangitis? | The following factors may increase your risk of primary biliary cholangitis:
• Sex.Most people with primary biliary cholangitis are women.
• Age.It's most likely to occur in people 30 to 60 years old.
• Genetics.You're more likely to get the condition if you have a family member who has or had it.
• Geography.It's ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Primary biliary cholangitis? | As liver damage worsens, primary biliary cholangitis can cause serious health problems, including:
• Liver scarring, called cirrhosis.Cirrhosis makes it difficult for your liver to work and may lead to liver failure. It means the later stage of primary biliary cholangitis. People with primary biliary cholangitis and c... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)? | Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a type of motor neuron disease. A motor neuron disease affects the nerve cells in the brain that control movement. InPLS, the breakdown of nerve cells causes weakness in the muscles that control the legs, arms and tongue.
Symptoms typically begin with balance trouble. People withPLSm... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)? | Symptoms of primary lateral sclerosis usually take years to develop and get worse. Symptoms generally begin in the legs. Rarely,PLSbegins with weakness in the tongue or hands. Then weakness gradually moves down the spinal cord to the legs. However, symptoms vary from person to person. Symptoms may include:
• Stiffness... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)? | In primary lateral sclerosis, the nerve cells in the brain that control movement slowly break down and stop working. These nerve cells are called upper motor neurons.
As a result, the nerves are not able to activate the motor neurons in the spinal cord, which control voluntary muscles. This loss causes movement proble... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)? | There are no established environmental risk factors for primary lateral sclerosis. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS)? | It can take as long as 20 years for primary lateral sclerosis to progress and become worse. Symptoms vary from person to person. Some people continue to walk, but others eventually need to use wheelchairs or other assistive devices.
For most people, adult-onsetPLSisn't thought to shorten life expectancy. But it can gr... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Primary ovarian insufficiency? | Primary ovarian insufficiency occurs when the ovaries stop working as they should before age 40. When this happens, the ovaries don't make the typical amounts of the hormone estrogen or release eggs regularly. The condition often leads to infertility. Another name for primary ovarian insufficiency is premature ovarian ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Primary ovarian insufficiency? | Symptoms of primary ovarian insufficiency are like those of menopause or low estrogen. They include:
• Irregular or missed periods. This symptom might be present for years. It also could develop after a pregnancy or after stopping birth control pills.
• Trouble getting pregnant.
• Hot flashes and night sweats.
• Va... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Primary ovarian insufficiency? | Primary ovarian insufficiency may be caused by:
• Chromosome changes.Chromosomes are thread-like structures that contain genes. Most often, people assigned female at birth have two X chromosomes in their cells. But some people with primary ovarian insufficiency have one typical X chromosome and one altered X chromosom... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Primary ovarian insufficiency? | Factors that raise the risk of primary ovarian insufficiency include:
• Age.The risk goes up between ages 35 and 40. Primary ovarian insufficiency is rare before age 30. But younger people and even teens can get it.
• Family history.Having a family history of primary ovarian insufficiency raises the risk of getting t... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Primary ovarian insufficiency? | Primary ovarian insufficiency can lead to other health conditions, including the following:
• Infertility.Not being able to get pregnant can be a complication of primary ovarian insufficiency. Rarely, pregnancy is possible until the body's supply of eggs runs out.
• Osteoporosis.This condition causes bones to become ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Progressive supranuclear palsy? | Progressive supranuclear palsy is a rare brain disease that affects walking, balance, eye movements and swallowing. The disease results from the damage of cells in areas of the brain that control body movement, coordination, thinking and other important functions. Progressive supranuclear palsy also is called Steele-Ri... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Progressive supranuclear palsy? | Symptoms of progressive supranuclear palsy include:
• A loss of balance while walking.A tendency to fall backward can occur very early in the disease.
• An inability to aim your eyes properly.People with progressive supranuclear palsy may not be able to look downward. Or they may experience blurring and double vision... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Progressive supranuclear palsy? | The cause of progressive supranuclear palsy isn't known. Its symptoms result from the damage of cells in areas of the brain, especially areas that help you control body movements and thinking.
Researchers have found that the damaged brain cells of people with progressive supranuclear palsy have excess amounts of a pro... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Progressive supranuclear palsy? | The only proven risk factor for progressive supranuclear palsy is age. The condition typically affects people in their late 60s and 70s. It's virtually unknown in people under the age of 40. | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Progressive supranuclear palsy? | Complications of progressive supranuclear palsy result primarily from slow and difficult muscle movements. These complications may include:
• Falling, which could lead to head injuries, fractures and other injuries.
• Trouble focusing your eyes, which also can lead to injuries.
• Trouble sleeping, which can lead to ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Prostatitis? | Prostatitis is a condition of the prostate gland most often linked with swelling and irritation, called inflammation. Prostatitis can make it painful or hard to urinate. It also may cause pain in the groin, pelvic area or genitals. Bacterial infections cause some but not all prostatitis.
The prostate gland, about the ... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the symptoms of Prostatitis? | Symptoms of prostatitis depend on the type of condition. They may include:
• Pain or burning feeling when urinating, called dysuria.
• Trouble urinating, such as dribbling or trouble starting a stream of urine or keeping it going.
• Urinating often, mostly at night, called nocturia.
• Urgent need to urinate.
• Clo... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the causes of Prostatitis? | Causes depend on the type of prostatitis.
• Acute bacterial prostatitis.Common strains of bacteria are most often the cause. The infection may have spread from other parts of the urinary or reproductive systems.
• Chronic bacterial prostatitis.This most often has the same cause as acute bacterial infection. It may ha... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the risk factors of Prostatitis? | Risk factors for prostatitis include:
• Young or middle adulthood.
• Earlier prostatitis.
• Infection of the urinary or reproductive system.
• HIV infection or AIDS.
• Use of a tube put into the urethra to drain the bladder, called a urinary catheter.
• Having a sample of prostate tissue taken for study in a lab,... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the complications of Prostatitis? | Complications of acute or chronic prostatitis can include:
• Bacterial infection of the blood, called bacteremia.
• Irritation of the coiled tube attached to the back of the testicle, called epididymitis.
• Pus-filled cavity in the prostate, called a prostatic abscess.
• Infection that spreads to the upper pelvic b... | local_scraped |
Please answer the question as a medical doctor. | What are the Overview of Pseudobulbar affect? | Pseudobulbar affect (PBA) is a condition that's characterized by episodes of sudden uncontrollable and inappropriate laughing or crying. Pseudobulbar affect typically occurs in people with certain neurological conditions or injuries, which might affect the way the brain controls emotion.
If you have pseudobulbar affec... | local_scraped |
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