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What did the National Revolutionary Movement's name become? | <text>What did the National Revolutionary Movement's name become?</text><reasoning>Marien Ngouabi, who had participated in the coup, assumed the presidency on December 31, 1968. One year later, President Ngouabi proclaimed Congo Africa's first "people's republic", the People's Republic of the Congo, and announced the decision of the National Revolutionary Movement to change its name to the Congolese Labour Party (PCT). Ngouabi survived an attempted coup in 1972 but was assassinated on March 16, 1977. An 11-member Military Committee of the Party (CMP) was then named to head an interim government with Joachim Yhombi-Opango to serve as President of the Republic. Two years later, Yhombi-Opango was forced from power and Denis Sassou Nguesso become the new president.</reasoning><output>Congolese Labour Party</output> |
In what year was a coup attempted against Ngouabi? | <text>In what year was a coup attempted against Ngouabi?</text><reasoning>Marien Ngouabi, who had participated in the coup, assumed the presidency on December 31, 1968. One year later, President Ngouabi proclaimed Congo Africa's first "people's republic", the People's Republic of the Congo, and announced the decision of the National Revolutionary Movement to change its name to the Congolese Labour Party (PCT). Ngouabi survived an attempted coup in 1972 but was assassinated on March 16, 1977. An 11-member Military Committee of the Party (CMP) was then named to head an interim government with Joachim Yhombi-Opango to serve as President of the Republic. Two years later, Yhombi-Opango was forced from power and Denis Sassou Nguesso become the new president.</reasoning><output>1972</output> |
On what date was Ngouabi assassinated? | <text>On what date was Ngouabi assassinated?</text><reasoning>Marien Ngouabi, who had participated in the coup, assumed the presidency on December 31, 1968. One year later, President Ngouabi proclaimed Congo Africa's first "people's republic", the People's Republic of the Congo, and announced the decision of the National Revolutionary Movement to change its name to the Congolese Labour Party (PCT). Ngouabi survived an attempted coup in 1972 but was assassinated on March 16, 1977. An 11-member Military Committee of the Party (CMP) was then named to head an interim government with Joachim Yhombi-Opango to serve as President of the Republic. Two years later, Yhombi-Opango was forced from power and Denis Sassou Nguesso become the new president.</reasoning><output>March 16, 1977</output> |
On what major line of latitude is the Congo located? | <text>On what major line of latitude is the Congo located?</text><reasoning>Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in central parts of the country. The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November.</reasoning><output>Equator</output> |
What is the average temperature in the Congo when the sun is up? | <text>What is the average temperature in the Congo when the sun is up?</text><reasoning>Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in central parts of the country. The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November.</reasoning><output>24 °C (75 °F)</output> |
What is the average temperature range in the Congo during the night time? | <text>What is the average temperature range in the Congo during the night time?</text><reasoning>Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in central parts of the country. The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November.</reasoning><output>16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F)</output> |
When does the Congo experience dry season? | <text>When does the Congo experience dry season?</text><reasoning>Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in central parts of the country. The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November.</reasoning><output>June to August</output> |
What is directly above the premier in the People's Republic of China? | <text>What is directly above the premier in the People's Republic of China?</text><reasoning>The People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China. Premier read as (Simplified Chinese: 总理; pinyin: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese.</reasoning><output>the National People's Congress</output> |
What is the pinyin form of premier? | <text>What is the pinyin form of premier?</text><reasoning>The People's Republic of China constitution set a premier just one place below the National People's Congress in China. Premier read as (Simplified Chinese: 总理; pinyin: Zŏnglĭ) in Chinese.</reasoning><output>Zŏnglĭ</output> |
Who became president of the Congo in 1963? | <text>Who became president of the Congo in 1963?</text><reasoning>Under the 1963 constitution, Massamba-Débat was elected President for a five-year term. During Massamba-Débat's term in office the regime adopted "scientific socialism" as the country's constitutional ideology. In 1965, Congo established relations with the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, North Korea and North Vietnam. Massamba-Débat's regime also invited several hundred Cuban army troops into the country to train his party's militia units and these troops helped his government survive a coup in 1966 led by paratroopers loyal to future President Marien Ngouabi. Nevertheless, Massamba-Débat was unable to reconcile various institutional, tribal and ideological factions within the country and his regime ended abruptly with a bloodless coup d'état in September 1968.</reasoning><output>Massamba-Débat</output> |
What was a term that could describe the political philosophy of the Congo under Massamba-Debat? | <text>What was a term that could describe the political philosophy of the Congo under Massamba-Debat?</text><reasoning>Under the 1963 constitution, Massamba-Débat was elected President for a five-year term. During Massamba-Débat's term in office the regime adopted "scientific socialism" as the country's constitutional ideology. In 1965, Congo established relations with the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, North Korea and North Vietnam. Massamba-Débat's regime also invited several hundred Cuban army troops into the country to train his party's militia units and these troops helped his government survive a coup in 1966 led by paratroopers loyal to future President Marien Ngouabi. Nevertheless, Massamba-Débat was unable to reconcile various institutional, tribal and ideological factions within the country and his regime ended abruptly with a bloodless coup d'état in September 1968.</reasoning><output>scientific socialism</output> |
Soldiers from which country were brought to the Congo? | <text>Soldiers from which country were brought to the Congo?</text><reasoning>Under the 1963 constitution, Massamba-Débat was elected President for a five-year term. During Massamba-Débat's term in office the regime adopted "scientific socialism" as the country's constitutional ideology. In 1965, Congo established relations with the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, North Korea and North Vietnam. Massamba-Débat's regime also invited several hundred Cuban army troops into the country to train his party's militia units and these troops helped his government survive a coup in 1966 led by paratroopers loyal to future President Marien Ngouabi. Nevertheless, Massamba-Débat was unable to reconcile various institutional, tribal and ideological factions within the country and his regime ended abruptly with a bloodless coup d'état in September 1968.</reasoning><output>Cuban</output> |
When did Massamba-Debat lose power in the Congo? | <text>When did Massamba-Debat lose power in the Congo?</text><reasoning>Under the 1963 constitution, Massamba-Débat was elected President for a five-year term. During Massamba-Débat's term in office the regime adopted "scientific socialism" as the country's constitutional ideology. In 1965, Congo established relations with the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China, North Korea and North Vietnam. Massamba-Débat's regime also invited several hundred Cuban army troops into the country to train his party's militia units and these troops helped his government survive a coup in 1966 led by paratroopers loyal to future President Marien Ngouabi. Nevertheless, Massamba-Débat was unable to reconcile various institutional, tribal and ideological factions within the country and his regime ended abruptly with a bloodless coup d'état in September 1968.</reasoning><output>September 1968</output> |
What kind of classes are not offered in Mittelschule? | <text>What kind of classes are not offered in Mittelschule?</text><reasoning>The "Mittelschule" is a school in some States of Germany that offers regular classes and remedial classes but no college preparatory classes. In some States of Germany, the Hauptschule does not exist, and any student who has not been accepted by another school has to attend the Mittelschule. Students may be awarded the Hauptschulabschluss or the Mittlere Reife but not the Abitur.</reasoning><output>college preparatory classes</output> |
What certificate is not available to Mittelschule students? | <text>What certificate is not available to Mittelschule students?</text><reasoning>The "Mittelschule" is a school in some States of Germany that offers regular classes and remedial classes but no college preparatory classes. In some States of Germany, the Hauptschule does not exist, and any student who has not been accepted by another school has to attend the Mittelschule. Students may be awarded the Hauptschulabschluss or the Mittlere Reife but not the Abitur.</reasoning><output>Abitur</output> |
What kind of school is not available in some parts of Germany? | <text>What kind of school is not available in some parts of Germany?</text><reasoning>The "Mittelschule" is a school in some States of Germany that offers regular classes and remedial classes but no college preparatory classes. In some States of Germany, the Hauptschule does not exist, and any student who has not been accepted by another school has to attend the Mittelschule. Students may be awarded the Hauptschulabschluss or the Mittlere Reife but not the Abitur.</reasoning><output>Hauptschule</output> |
What are two economic issues faced by the Congolese government? | <text>What are two economic issues faced by the Congolese government?</text><reasoning>The current administration presides over an uneasy internal peace and faces difficult economic problems of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty, despite record-high oil prices since 2003. Natural gas and diamonds are also recent major Congolese exports, although Congo was excluded from the Kimberley Process in 2004 amid allegations that most of its diamond exports were in fact being smuggled out of the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo; it was re-admitted to the group in 2007.</reasoning><output>stimulating recovery and reducing poverty</output> |
What two exports has the Congo begun producing recently? | <text>What two exports has the Congo begun producing recently?</text><reasoning>The current administration presides over an uneasy internal peace and faces difficult economic problems of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty, despite record-high oil prices since 2003. Natural gas and diamonds are also recent major Congolese exports, although Congo was excluded from the Kimberley Process in 2004 amid allegations that most of its diamond exports were in fact being smuggled out of the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo; it was re-admitted to the group in 2007.</reasoning><output>Natural gas and diamonds</output> |
When was the Congo allowed back into the Kimberley Process? | <text>When was the Congo allowed back into the Kimberley Process?</text><reasoning>The current administration presides over an uneasy internal peace and faces difficult economic problems of stimulating recovery and reducing poverty, despite record-high oil prices since 2003. Natural gas and diamonds are also recent major Congolese exports, although Congo was excluded from the Kimberley Process in 2004 amid allegations that most of its diamond exports were in fact being smuggled out of the neighboring Democratic Republic of Congo; it was re-admitted to the group in 2007.</reasoning><output>2007</output> |
Who was elected president of the Congo in 1992? | <text>Who was elected president of the Congo in 1992?</text><reasoning>Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992–1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual agreement when civil war broke out in Congo in mid-1997.</reasoning><output>Pascal Lissouba</output> |
Who supported the measures of liberalisation Lissouba tried to employ to reform the economy? | <text>Who supported the measures of liberalisation Lissouba tried to employ to reform the economy?</text><reasoning>Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992–1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual agreement when civil war broke out in Congo in mid-1997.</reasoning><output>IMF</output> |
What interrupted the renewal of the IMF agreement with the Congo? | <text>What interrupted the renewal of the IMF agreement with the Congo?</text><reasoning>Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992–1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual agreement when civil war broke out in Congo in mid-1997.</reasoning><output>civil war</output> |
What does ESAF stand for? | <text>What does ESAF stand for?</text><reasoning>Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992–1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual agreement when civil war broke out in Congo in mid-1997.</reasoning><output>enhanced structural adjustment facility</output> |
What is the focus of the Congo's industrial production? | <text>What is the focus of the Congo's industrial production?</text><reasoning>The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. Petroleum extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy. In 2008, oil sector accounted for 65% of the GDP, 85% of government revenue, and 92% of exports. The country also has large untapped mineral wealth.</reasoning><output>Petroleum</output> |
What are two issues in the Congolese government? | <text>What are two issues in the Congolese government?</text><reasoning>The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. Petroleum extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy. In 2008, oil sector accounted for 65% of the GDP, 85% of government revenue, and 92% of exports. The country also has large untapped mineral wealth.</reasoning><output>budget problems and overstaffing</output> |
What did petroleum production replace as the focus of the economy? | <text>What did petroleum production replace as the focus of the economy?</text><reasoning>The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. Petroleum extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy. In 2008, oil sector accounted for 65% of the GDP, 85% of government revenue, and 92% of exports. The country also has large untapped mineral wealth.</reasoning><output>forestry</output> |
What percentage of the Congo's gross domestic product did petroleum account for in 2008? | <text>What percentage of the Congo's gross domestic product did petroleum account for in 2008?</text><reasoning>The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. Petroleum extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy. In 2008, oil sector accounted for 65% of the GDP, 85% of government revenue, and 92% of exports. The country also has large untapped mineral wealth.</reasoning><output>65%</output> |
What percentage of exported goods did oil account for in 2008? | <text>What percentage of exported goods did oil account for in 2008?</text><reasoning>The economy is a mixture of village agriculture and handicrafts, an industrial sector based largely on petroleum, support services, and a government characterized by budget problems and overstaffing. Petroleum extraction has supplanted forestry as the mainstay of the economy. In 2008, oil sector accounted for 65% of the GDP, 85% of government revenue, and 92% of exports. The country also has large untapped mineral wealth.</reasoning><output>92%</output> |
Which politican left the presidential race after supporting a boycott by voters? | <text>Which politican left the presidential race after supporting a boycott by voters?</text><reasoning>In the controversial elections in 2002, Sassou won with almost 90% of the vote cast. His two main rivals, Lissouba and Bernard Kolelas, were prevented from competing and the only remaining credible rival, Andre Milongo, advised his supporters to boycott the elections and then withdrew from the race. A new constitution, agreed upon by referendum in January 2002, granted the president new powers, extended his term to seven years, and introduced a new bicameral assembly. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. Following the presidential elections, fighting restarted in the Pool region between government forces and rebels led by Pastor Ntumi; a peace treaty to end the conflict was signed in April 2003.</reasoning><output>Milongo</output> |
How long did the presidential term become under the new constitution? | <text>How long did the presidential term become under the new constitution?</text><reasoning>In the controversial elections in 2002, Sassou won with almost 90% of the vote cast. His two main rivals, Lissouba and Bernard Kolelas, were prevented from competing and the only remaining credible rival, Andre Milongo, advised his supporters to boycott the elections and then withdrew from the race. A new constitution, agreed upon by referendum in January 2002, granted the president new powers, extended his term to seven years, and introduced a new bicameral assembly. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. Following the presidential elections, fighting restarted in the Pool region between government forces and rebels led by Pastor Ntumi; a peace treaty to end the conflict was signed in April 2003.</reasoning><output>seven years</output> |
When was the new constitution ratified? | <text>When was the new constitution ratified?</text><reasoning>In the controversial elections in 2002, Sassou won with almost 90% of the vote cast. His two main rivals, Lissouba and Bernard Kolelas, were prevented from competing and the only remaining credible rival, Andre Milongo, advised his supporters to boycott the elections and then withdrew from the race. A new constitution, agreed upon by referendum in January 2002, granted the president new powers, extended his term to seven years, and introduced a new bicameral assembly. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. Following the presidential elections, fighting restarted in the Pool region between government forces and rebels led by Pastor Ntumi; a peace treaty to end the conflict was signed in April 2003.</reasoning><output>January 2002</output> |
When was an end brought to the fighting between the government and Ntumi's rebels? | <text>When was an end brought to the fighting between the government and Ntumi's rebels?</text><reasoning>In the controversial elections in 2002, Sassou won with almost 90% of the vote cast. His two main rivals, Lissouba and Bernard Kolelas, were prevented from competing and the only remaining credible rival, Andre Milongo, advised his supporters to boycott the elections and then withdrew from the race. A new constitution, agreed upon by referendum in January 2002, granted the president new powers, extended his term to seven years, and introduced a new bicameral assembly. International observers took issue with the organization of the presidential election and the constitutional referendum, both of which were reminiscent in their organization of Congo's era of the one-party state. Following the presidential elections, fighting restarted in the Pool region between government forces and rebels led by Pastor Ntumi; a peace treaty to end the conflict was signed in April 2003.</reasoning><output>April 2003</output> |
When did the French take control of the region to the north of the Congo River? | <text>When did the French take control of the region to the north of the Congo River?</text><reasoning>The area north of the Congo River came under French sovereignty in 1880 as a result of Pierre de Brazza's treaty with Makoko of the Bateke. This Congo Colony became known first as French Congo, then as Middle Congo in 1903. In 1908, France organized French Equatorial Africa (AEF), comprising Middle Congo, Gabon, Chad, and Oubangui-Chari (the modern Central African Republic). The French designated Brazzaville as the federal capital. Economic development during the first 50 years of colonial rule in Congo centered on natural-resource extraction. The methods were often brutal: construction of the Congo–Ocean Railroad following World War I has been estimated to have cost at least 14,000 lives.</reasoning><output>1880</output> |
Who brokered a traty with the Makoko people? | <text>Who brokered a traty with the Makoko people?</text><reasoning>The area north of the Congo River came under French sovereignty in 1880 as a result of Pierre de Brazza's treaty with Makoko of the Bateke. This Congo Colony became known first as French Congo, then as Middle Congo in 1903. In 1908, France organized French Equatorial Africa (AEF), comprising Middle Congo, Gabon, Chad, and Oubangui-Chari (the modern Central African Republic). The French designated Brazzaville as the federal capital. Economic development during the first 50 years of colonial rule in Congo centered on natural-resource extraction. The methods were often brutal: construction of the Congo–Ocean Railroad following World War I has been estimated to have cost at least 14,000 lives.</reasoning><output>Pierre de Brazza</output> |
What was the French Congo's name changed to in 1903? | <text>What was the French Congo's name changed to in 1903?</text><reasoning>The area north of the Congo River came under French sovereignty in 1880 as a result of Pierre de Brazza's treaty with Makoko of the Bateke. This Congo Colony became known first as French Congo, then as Middle Congo in 1903. In 1908, France organized French Equatorial Africa (AEF), comprising Middle Congo, Gabon, Chad, and Oubangui-Chari (the modern Central African Republic). The French designated Brazzaville as the federal capital. Economic development during the first 50 years of colonial rule in Congo centered on natural-resource extraction. The methods were often brutal: construction of the Congo–Ocean Railroad following World War I has been estimated to have cost at least 14,000 lives.</reasoning><output>Middle Congo</output> |
What group of French colonies was created in 1908? | <text>What group of French colonies was created in 1908?</text><reasoning>The area north of the Congo River came under French sovereignty in 1880 as a result of Pierre de Brazza's treaty with Makoko of the Bateke. This Congo Colony became known first as French Congo, then as Middle Congo in 1903. In 1908, France organized French Equatorial Africa (AEF), comprising Middle Congo, Gabon, Chad, and Oubangui-Chari (the modern Central African Republic). The French designated Brazzaville as the federal capital. Economic development during the first 50 years of colonial rule in Congo centered on natural-resource extraction. The methods were often brutal: construction of the Congo–Ocean Railroad following World War I has been estimated to have cost at least 14,000 lives.</reasoning><output>French Equatorial Africa</output> |
How many people are estimated to have died as a result of the creation of the Congo-Ocean Railroad? | <text>How many people are estimated to have died as a result of the creation of the Congo-Ocean Railroad?</text><reasoning>The area north of the Congo River came under French sovereignty in 1880 as a result of Pierre de Brazza's treaty with Makoko of the Bateke. This Congo Colony became known first as French Congo, then as Middle Congo in 1903. In 1908, France organized French Equatorial Africa (AEF), comprising Middle Congo, Gabon, Chad, and Oubangui-Chari (the modern Central African Republic). The French designated Brazzaville as the federal capital. Economic development during the first 50 years of colonial rule in Congo centered on natural-resource extraction. The methods were often brutal: construction of the Congo–Ocean Railroad following World War I has been estimated to have cost at least 14,000 lives.</reasoning><output>14,000</output> |
Which group studied gorillas in 2006-07? | <text>Which group studied gorillas in 2006-07?</text><reasoning>In 2006–07, researchers from the Wildlife Conservation Society studied gorillas in heavily forested regions centered on the Ouesso district of the Sangha Region. They suggest a population on the order of 125,000 Western Lowland Gorillas, whose isolation from humans has been largely preserved by inhospitable swamps.</reasoning><output>Wildlife Conservation Society</output> |
What region is home to the gorillas studied by the Wildlife Conservation Society? | <text>What region is home to the gorillas studied by the Wildlife Conservation Society?</text><reasoning>In 2006–07, researchers from the Wildlife Conservation Society studied gorillas in heavily forested regions centered on the Ouesso district of the Sangha Region. They suggest a population on the order of 125,000 Western Lowland Gorillas, whose isolation from humans has been largely preserved by inhospitable swamps.</reasoning><output>Sangha Region</output> |
What was responsible for maintaining the separation between the gorillas and humans? | <text>What was responsible for maintaining the separation between the gorillas and humans?</text><reasoning>In 2006–07, researchers from the Wildlife Conservation Society studied gorillas in heavily forested regions centered on the Ouesso district of the Sangha Region. They suggest a population on the order of 125,000 Western Lowland Gorillas, whose isolation from humans has been largely preserved by inhospitable swamps.</reasoning><output>inhospitable swamps</output> |
How long is the track connecting Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire? | <text>How long is the track connecting Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire?</text><reasoning>The Republic of the Congo's sparse population is concentrated in the southwestern portion of the country, leaving the vast areas of tropical jungle in the north virtually uninhabited. Thus, Congo is one of the most urbanized countries in Africa, with 70% of its total population living in a few urban areas, namely in Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire or one of the small cities or villages lining the 534-kilometre (332 mi) railway which connects the two cities. In rural areas, industrial and commercial activity has declined rapidly in recent years, leaving rural economies dependent on the government for support and subsistence.</reasoning><output>534-kilometre (332 mi)</output> |
Which two figures clashed over leadership of the Congo in 1997? | <text>Which two figures clashed over leadership of the Congo in 1997?</text><reasoning>Congo's democratic progress was derailed in 1997 when Lissouba and Sassou started to fight for power in the civil war. As presidential elections scheduled for July 1997 approached, tensions between the Lissouba and Sassou camps mounted. On June 5, President Lissouba's government forces surrounded Sassou's compound in Brazzaville and Sassou ordered members of his private militia (known as "Cobras") to resist. Thus began a four-month conflict that destroyed or damaged much of Brazzaville and caused tens of thousands of civilian deaths. In early October, the Angolan socialist régime began an invasion of Congo to install Sassou in power. In mid-October, the Lissouba government fell. Soon thereafter, Sassou declared himself president.</reasoning><output>Lissouba and Sassou</output> |
What is the name of Sassou's personal army? | <text>What is the name of Sassou's personal army?</text><reasoning>Congo's democratic progress was derailed in 1997 when Lissouba and Sassou started to fight for power in the civil war. As presidential elections scheduled for July 1997 approached, tensions between the Lissouba and Sassou camps mounted. On June 5, President Lissouba's government forces surrounded Sassou's compound in Brazzaville and Sassou ordered members of his private militia (known as "Cobras") to resist. Thus began a four-month conflict that destroyed or damaged much of Brazzaville and caused tens of thousands of civilian deaths. In early October, the Angolan socialist régime began an invasion of Congo to install Sassou in power. In mid-October, the Lissouba government fell. Soon thereafter, Sassou declared himself president.</reasoning><output>Cobras</output> |
What nationality were the forces that invaded the Congo to assist Sassou in taking control of the country? | <text>What nationality were the forces that invaded the Congo to assist Sassou in taking control of the country?</text><reasoning>Congo's democratic progress was derailed in 1997 when Lissouba and Sassou started to fight for power in the civil war. As presidential elections scheduled for July 1997 approached, tensions between the Lissouba and Sassou camps mounted. On June 5, President Lissouba's government forces surrounded Sassou's compound in Brazzaville and Sassou ordered members of his private militia (known as "Cobras") to resist. Thus began a four-month conflict that destroyed or damaged much of Brazzaville and caused tens of thousands of civilian deaths. In early October, the Angolan socialist régime began an invasion of Congo to install Sassou in power. In mid-October, the Lissouba government fell. Soon thereafter, Sassou declared himself president.</reasoning><output>Angolan</output> |
In what month did Sassou regain the presidency? | <text>In what month did Sassou regain the presidency?</text><reasoning>Congo's democratic progress was derailed in 1997 when Lissouba and Sassou started to fight for power in the civil war. As presidential elections scheduled for July 1997 approached, tensions between the Lissouba and Sassou camps mounted. On June 5, President Lissouba's government forces surrounded Sassou's compound in Brazzaville and Sassou ordered members of his private militia (known as "Cobras") to resist. Thus began a four-month conflict that destroyed or damaged much of Brazzaville and caused tens of thousands of civilian deaths. In early October, the Angolan socialist régime began an invasion of Congo to install Sassou in power. In mid-October, the Lissouba government fell. Soon thereafter, Sassou declared himself president.</reasoning><output>October</output> |
As measured in 2010, how many deaths occurred for every 100,000 live births in the Congo? | <text>As measured in 2010, how many deaths occurred for every 100,000 live births in the Congo?</text><reasoning>As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.</reasoning><output>560</output> |
What does FGM stand for? | <text>What does FGM stand for?</text><reasoning>As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.</reasoning><output>Female genital mutilation</output> |
How many infants die for every 1,000 live births? | <text>How many infants die for every 1,000 live births?</text><reasoning>As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.</reasoning><output>59.34</output> |
What precious metals and minerals have yet to be utilized in the Republic of the Congo? | <text>What precious metals and minerals have yet to be utilized in the Republic of the Congo?</text><reasoning>The Republic of the Congo also has large untapped base metal, gold, iron and phosphate deposits. The country is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). The Congolese government signed an agreement in 2009 to lease 200,000 hectares of land to South African farmers to reduce its dependence on imports.</reasoning><output>base metal, gold, iron and phosphate</output> |
What business organization is the Congo a member of? | <text>What business organization is the Congo a member of?</text><reasoning>The Republic of the Congo also has large untapped base metal, gold, iron and phosphate deposits. The country is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). The Congolese government signed an agreement in 2009 to lease 200,000 hectares of land to South African farmers to reduce its dependence on imports.</reasoning><output>Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa</output> |
How much land did the Congolese government agree to lease to South Africans in 2009? | <text>How much land did the Congolese government agree to lease to South Africans in 2009?</text><reasoning>The Republic of the Congo also has large untapped base metal, gold, iron and phosphate deposits. The country is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). The Congolese government signed an agreement in 2009 to lease 200,000 hectares of land to South African farmers to reduce its dependence on imports.</reasoning><output>200,000 hectares</output> |
What caused reform efforts to cease in 1997? | <text>What caused reform efforts to cease in 1997?</text><reasoning>Economic reform efforts continued with the support of international organizations, notably the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The reform program came to a halt in June 1997 when civil war erupted. When Sassou Nguesso returned to power at the end of the war in October 1997, he publicly expressed interest in moving forward on economic reforms and privatization and in renewing cooperation with international financial institutions. However, economic progress was badly hurt by slumping oil prices and the resumption of armed conflict in December 1998, which worsened the republic's budget deficit.</reasoning><output>civil war</output> |
What are two reasons why the economy was not able to progress following the civil war? | <text>What are two reasons why the economy was not able to progress following the civil war?</text><reasoning>Economic reform efforts continued with the support of international organizations, notably the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The reform program came to a halt in June 1997 when civil war erupted. When Sassou Nguesso returned to power at the end of the war in October 1997, he publicly expressed interest in moving forward on economic reforms and privatization and in renewing cooperation with international financial institutions. However, economic progress was badly hurt by slumping oil prices and the resumption of armed conflict in December 1998, which worsened the republic's budget deficit.</reasoning><output>slumping oil prices and the resumption of armed conflict</output> |
When did military conflict resume in the Congo? | <text>When did military conflict resume in the Congo?</text><reasoning>Economic reform efforts continued with the support of international organizations, notably the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The reform program came to a halt in June 1997 when civil war erupted. When Sassou Nguesso returned to power at the end of the war in October 1997, he publicly expressed interest in moving forward on economic reforms and privatization and in renewing cooperation with international financial institutions. However, economic progress was badly hurt by slumping oil prices and the resumption of armed conflict in December 1998, which worsened the republic's budget deficit.</reasoning><output>December 1998</output> |
What did income from petroleum allow the government to fund in the early '80s? | <text>What did income from petroleum allow the government to fund in the early '80s?</text><reasoning>In the early 1980s, rapidly rising oil revenues enabled the government to finance large-scale development projects with GDP growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa. The government has mortgaged a substantial portion of its petroleum earnings, contributing to a shortage of revenues. January 12, 1994 devaluation of Franc Zone currencies by 50% resulted in inflation of 46% in 1994, but inflation has subsided since.</reasoning><output>large-scale development projects</output> |
What was the Congo's annual increase in gross domestic product in the early '80s? | <text>What was the Congo's annual increase in gross domestic product in the early '80s?</text><reasoning>In the early 1980s, rapidly rising oil revenues enabled the government to finance large-scale development projects with GDP growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa. The government has mortgaged a substantial portion of its petroleum earnings, contributing to a shortage of revenues. January 12, 1994 devaluation of Franc Zone currencies by 50% resulted in inflation of 46% in 1994, but inflation has subsided since.</reasoning><output>5%</output> |
By how much were Franc Zone currencies devalued in January of 1994? | <text>By how much were Franc Zone currencies devalued in January of 1994?</text><reasoning>In the early 1980s, rapidly rising oil revenues enabled the government to finance large-scale development projects with GDP growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa. The government has mortgaged a substantial portion of its petroleum earnings, contributing to a shortage of revenues. January 12, 1994 devaluation of Franc Zone currencies by 50% resulted in inflation of 46% in 1994, but inflation has subsided since.</reasoning><output>50%</output> |
How much inflation did the Congo experience as a result of the devaluation of the Franc? | <text>How much inflation did the Congo experience as a result of the devaluation of the Franc?</text><reasoning>In the early 1980s, rapidly rising oil revenues enabled the government to finance large-scale development projects with GDP growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa. The government has mortgaged a substantial portion of its petroleum earnings, contributing to a shortage of revenues. January 12, 1994 devaluation of Franc Zone currencies by 50% resulted in inflation of 46% in 1994, but inflation has subsided since.</reasoning><output>46%</output> |
When was prime minister first mentioned in a government document in the UK? | <text>When was prime minister first mentioned in a government document in the UK?</text><reasoning>The United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said "not to exist", indeed there are several instances of parliament declaring this to be the case. The prime minister sits in the cabinet solely by virtue of occupying another office, either First Lord of the Treasury (office in commission), or more rarely Chancellor of the Exchequer (the last of whom was Balfour in 1905).</reasoning><output>first decade of the twentieth century</output> |
Who was the last prime minister to serve simultaneously as Chancellor of the Exchequer? | <text>Who was the last prime minister to serve simultaneously as Chancellor of the Exchequer?</text><reasoning>The United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said "not to exist", indeed there are several instances of parliament declaring this to be the case. The prime minister sits in the cabinet solely by virtue of occupying another office, either First Lord of the Treasury (office in commission), or more rarely Chancellor of the Exchequer (the last of whom was Balfour in 1905).</reasoning><output>Balfour</output> |
When did Balfour last hold the titles of prime minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer? | <text>When did Balfour last hold the titles of prime minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer?</text><reasoning>The United Kingdom's constitution, being uncodified and largely unwritten, makes no mention of a prime minister. Though it had de facto existed for centuries, its first mention in official state documents did not occur until the first decade of the twentieth century. Accordingly, it is often said "not to exist", indeed there are several instances of parliament declaring this to be the case. The prime minister sits in the cabinet solely by virtue of occupying another office, either First Lord of the Treasury (office in commission), or more rarely Chancellor of the Exchequer (the last of whom was Balfour in 1905).</reasoning><output>1905</output> |
Prior to the civil war in '97, how many non-Africans lived in the Republic of the Congo? | <text>Prior to the civil war in '97, how many non-Africans lived in the Republic of the Congo?</text><reasoning>Before the 1997 war, about 9,000 Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were French; only a fraction of this number remains. Around 300 American expatriates reside in the Congo.</reasoning><output>about 9,000</output> |
What was the dominant nationality among Europeans living in the Congo prior to the civil war? | <text>What was the dominant nationality among Europeans living in the Congo prior to the civil war?</text><reasoning>Before the 1997 war, about 9,000 Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were French; only a fraction of this number remains. Around 300 American expatriates reside in the Congo.</reasoning><output>French</output> |
How many Americans live in the Congo? | <text>How many Americans live in the Congo?</text><reasoning>Before the 1997 war, about 9,000 Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were French; only a fraction of this number remains. Around 300 American expatriates reside in the Congo.</reasoning><output>Around 300</output> |
What forms of transport are available in the Congo? | <text>What forms of transport are available in the Congo?</text><reasoning>Transport in the Republic of the Congo includes land, air and water transportation. The country's rail system was built by forced laborers during the 1930s and largely remains in operation. There are also over 1000 km of paved roads and two major international airports (Maya-Maya Airport and Pointe Noire Airport) which have flights to Paris and many African cities. The country also has a large port on the Atlantic Ocean at Pointe-Noire and others along the Congo River at Brazzaville and Impfondo.</reasoning><output>land, air and water</output> |
When was the Congo's train system built? | <text>When was the Congo's train system built?</text><reasoning>Transport in the Republic of the Congo includes land, air and water transportation. The country's rail system was built by forced laborers during the 1930s and largely remains in operation. There are also over 1000 km of paved roads and two major international airports (Maya-Maya Airport and Pointe Noire Airport) which have flights to Paris and many African cities. The country also has a large port on the Atlantic Ocean at Pointe-Noire and others along the Congo River at Brazzaville and Impfondo.</reasoning><output>1930s</output> |
What is a common destination outside of Africa for Congolese airlines? | <text>What is a common destination outside of Africa for Congolese airlines?</text><reasoning>Transport in the Republic of the Congo includes land, air and water transportation. The country's rail system was built by forced laborers during the 1930s and largely remains in operation. There are also over 1000 km of paved roads and two major international airports (Maya-Maya Airport and Pointe Noire Airport) which have flights to Paris and many African cities. The country also has a large port on the Atlantic Ocean at Pointe-Noire and others along the Congo River at Brazzaville and Impfondo.</reasoning><output>Paris</output> |
On what ocean is a major port located? | <text>On what ocean is a major port located?</text><reasoning>Transport in the Republic of the Congo includes land, air and water transportation. The country's rail system was built by forced laborers during the 1930s and largely remains in operation. There are also over 1000 km of paved roads and two major international airports (Maya-Maya Airport and Pointe Noire Airport) which have flights to Paris and many African cities. The country also has a large port on the Atlantic Ocean at Pointe-Noire and others along the Congo River at Brazzaville and Impfondo.</reasoning><output>Atlantic Ocean</output> |
Who initiated the scrutiny of the educational system in 1976? | <text>Who initiated the scrutiny of the educational system in 1976?</text><reasoning>In 1976 the future Labour prime minister James Callaghan launched what became known as the 'great debate' on the education system. He went on to list the areas he felt needed closest scrutiny: the case for a core curriculum, the validity and use of informal teaching methods, the role of school inspection and the future of the examination system. Comprehensive school remains the most common type of state secondary school in England, and the only type in Wales. They account for around 90% of pupils, or 64% if one does not count schools with low-level selection. This figure varies by region.</reasoning><output>James Callaghan</output> |
What is the only kind of school operating in Wales? | <text>What is the only kind of school operating in Wales?</text><reasoning>In 1976 the future Labour prime minister James Callaghan launched what became known as the 'great debate' on the education system. He went on to list the areas he felt needed closest scrutiny: the case for a core curriculum, the validity and use of informal teaching methods, the role of school inspection and the future of the examination system. Comprehensive school remains the most common type of state secondary school in England, and the only type in Wales. They account for around 90% of pupils, or 64% if one does not count schools with low-level selection. This figure varies by region.</reasoning><output>Comprehensive school</output> |
Which political party was James Callaghan a member of? | <text>Which political party was James Callaghan a member of?</text><reasoning>In 1976 the future Labour prime minister James Callaghan launched what became known as the 'great debate' on the education system. He went on to list the areas he felt needed closest scrutiny: the case for a core curriculum, the validity and use of informal teaching methods, the role of school inspection and the future of the examination system. Comprehensive school remains the most common type of state secondary school in England, and the only type in Wales. They account for around 90% of pupils, or 64% if one does not count schools with low-level selection. This figure varies by region.</reasoning><output>Labour</output> |
What is the Russian term for prime minister? | <text>What is the Russian term for prime minister?</text><reasoning>In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning "head of the government". In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).</reasoning><output>Chairman of the government</output> |
What is the Israeli term for prime minister? | <text>What is the Israeli term for prime minister?</text><reasoning>In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning "head of the government". In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).</reasoning><output>Rosh HaMemshalah</output> |
What is the term used in spain for prime minister? | <text>What is the term used in spain for prime minister?</text><reasoning>In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning "head of the government". In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).</reasoning><output>President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno)</output> |
What is the Irish term for prime minister? | <text>What is the Irish term for prime minister?</text><reasoning>In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning "head of the government". In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).</reasoning><output>Taoiseach</output> |
Unequal crossing over can create what type of repetitive DNA? | <text>Unequal crossing over can create what type of repetitive DNA?</text><reasoning>Tandem repeats are usually caused by slippage during replication, unequal crossing-over and gene conversion, satellite DNA and microsatellites are forms of tandem repeats in the genome. Although tandem repeats count for a significant proportion in genome, the largest proportion in mammalian is the other type, interspersed repeats.</reasoning><output>Tandem repeats</output> |
What are two examples of tandem repeats in DNA? | <text>What are two examples of tandem repeats in DNA?</text><reasoning>Tandem repeats are usually caused by slippage during replication, unequal crossing-over and gene conversion, satellite DNA and microsatellites are forms of tandem repeats in the genome. Although tandem repeats count for a significant proportion in genome, the largest proportion in mammalian is the other type, interspersed repeats.</reasoning><output>satellite DNA and microsatellites</output> |
What is the most common type of repetitive DNA in mammals? | <text>What is the most common type of repetitive DNA in mammals?</text><reasoning>Tandem repeats are usually caused by slippage during replication, unequal crossing-over and gene conversion, satellite DNA and microsatellites are forms of tandem repeats in the genome. Although tandem repeats count for a significant proportion in genome, the largest proportion in mammalian is the other type, interspersed repeats.</reasoning><output>interspersed repeats.</output> |
What is a central duty of the prime minister? | <text>What is a central duty of the prime minister?</text><reasoning>The prime minister is often, but not always, a member of parliament[clarification needed] and is expected with other ministers to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature. In some monarchies the monarch may also exercise executive powers (known as the royal prerogative) that are constitutionally vested in the crown and may be exercised without the approval of parliament.</reasoning><output>ensure the passage of bills</output> |
What is it called when a monarch has a share of executive powers? | <text>What is it called when a monarch has a share of executive powers?</text><reasoning>The prime minister is often, but not always, a member of parliament[clarification needed] and is expected with other ministers to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature. In some monarchies the monarch may also exercise executive powers (known as the royal prerogative) that are constitutionally vested in the crown and may be exercised without the approval of parliament.</reasoning><output>royal prerogative</output> |
From whom did ministers derive their power? | <text>From whom did ministers derive their power?</text><reasoning>The power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority for their power. Although there was a cabinet, it was appointed entirely by the monarch, and the monarch usually presided over its meetings.</reasoning><output>the monarch</output> |
Who was responsible for naming people to serve in the cabinet? | <text>Who was responsible for naming people to serve in the cabinet?</text><reasoning>The power of these ministers depended entirely on the personal favour of the monarch. Although managing the parliament was among the necessary skills of holding high office, they did not depend on a parliamentary majority for their power. Although there was a cabinet, it was appointed entirely by the monarch, and the monarch usually presided over its meetings.</reasoning><output>the monarch</output> |
Who occupied the role that would later become prime minister under Henry VIII? | <text>Who occupied the role that would later become prime minister under Henry VIII?</text><reasoning>The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen Anne. These ministers held a variety of formal posts, but were commonly known as "the minister", the "chief minister", the "first minister" and finally the "prime minister".</reasoning><output>Thomas Cromwell</output> |
Who held the equivalent of the post of prime minister under Queen Anne? | <text>Who held the equivalent of the post of prime minister under Queen Anne?</text><reasoning>The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen Anne. These ministers held a variety of formal posts, but were commonly known as "the minister", the "chief minister", the "first minister" and finally the "prime minister".</reasoning><output>Godolphin</output> |
Who served as the head minister under Charles II? | <text>Who served as the head minister under Charles II?</text><reasoning>The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen Anne. These ministers held a variety of formal posts, but were commonly known as "the minister", the "chief minister", the "first minister" and finally the "prime minister".</reasoning><output>Clarendon</output> |
When was the title of prime minister first used? | <text>When was the title of prime minister first used?</text><reasoning>The first actual usage of the term prime minister or Premier Ministre[citation needed] was used by Cardinal Richelieu when in 1625 he was named to head the royal council as prime minister of France. Louis XIV and his descendants generally attempted to avoid giving this title to their chief ministers.</reasoning><output>1625</output> |
Who coined the term prime minister? | <text>Who coined the term prime minister?</text><reasoning>The first actual usage of the term prime minister or Premier Ministre[citation needed] was used by Cardinal Richelieu when in 1625 he was named to head the royal council as prime minister of France. Louis XIV and his descendants generally attempted to avoid giving this title to their chief ministers.</reasoning><output>Cardinal Richelieu</output> |
What country did Richelieu serve as prime minister for? | <text>What country did Richelieu serve as prime minister for?</text><reasoning>The first actual usage of the term prime minister or Premier Ministre[citation needed] was used by Cardinal Richelieu when in 1625 he was named to head the royal council as prime minister of France. Louis XIV and his descendants generally attempted to avoid giving this title to their chief ministers.</reasoning><output>France</output> |
Who started a tradition of naming the head ministers something other than prime minister? | <text>Who started a tradition of naming the head ministers something other than prime minister?</text><reasoning>The first actual usage of the term prime minister or Premier Ministre[citation needed] was used by Cardinal Richelieu when in 1625 he was named to head the royal council as prime minister of France. Louis XIV and his descendants generally attempted to avoid giving this title to their chief ministers.</reasoning><output>Louis XIV</output> |
Who are the two ministers used by Queen Anne simultaneously? | <text>Who are the two ministers used by Queen Anne simultaneously?</text><reasoning>When the monarch grew tired of a first minister, he or she could be dismissed, or worse: Cromwell was executed and Clarendon driven into exile when they lost favour. Kings sometimes divided power equally between two or more ministers to prevent one minister from becoming too powerful. Late in Anne's reign, for example, the Tory ministers Harley and St John shared power.</reasoning><output>Harley and St John</output> |
Who was exiled when he lost the favor of the monarch? | <text>Who was exiled when he lost the favor of the monarch?</text><reasoning>When the monarch grew tired of a first minister, he or she could be dismissed, or worse: Cromwell was executed and Clarendon driven into exile when they lost favour. Kings sometimes divided power equally between two or more ministers to prevent one minister from becoming too powerful. Late in Anne's reign, for example, the Tory ministers Harley and St John shared power.</reasoning><output>Clarendon</output> |
TAFE Tasmania started a three-year restructuring in what year? | <text>TAFE Tasmania started a three-year restructuring in what year?</text><reasoning>In Tasmania in 2009 the old college system and TAFE Tasmania have started a 3-year restructure to become the Tasmanian Polytechnic www.polytechnic.tas.edu.au, Tasmanian Skills Institute www.skillsinstitute.tas.edu.au and Tasmanian Academy www.academy.tas.edu.au</reasoning><output>2009</output> |
The reign of which king was a turning point in the growth of the position of prime minister? | <text>The reign of which king was a turning point in the growth of the position of prime minister?</text><reasoning>A tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In these circumstances it was inevitable that the king's first minister would become the de facto head of the government.</reasoning><output>George I</output> |
In what year did Queen Anne die? | <text>In what year did Queen Anne die?</text><reasoning>A tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In these circumstances it was inevitable that the king's first minister would become the de facto head of the government.</reasoning><output>1714</output> |
Where was George I's home? | <text>Where was George I's home?</text><reasoning>A tipping point in the evolution of the prime ministership came with the death of Anne in 1714 and the accession of George I to the throne. George spoke no English, spent much of his time at his home in Hanover, and had neither knowledge of, nor interest in, the details of English government. In these circumstances it was inevitable that the king's first minister would become the de facto head of the government.</reasoning><output>Hanover</output> |
What 1688 event helped the parliament solidy its power against the monarch? | <text>What 1688 event helped the parliament solidy its power against the monarch?</text><reasoning>In the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax without its permission and thus the House of Commons became a part of the government. It is at this point that a modern style of prime minister begins to emerge.</reasoning><output>Glorious Revolution</output> |
What 1689 law contributed to parliament's growing power? | <text>What 1689 law contributed to parliament's growing power?</text><reasoning>In the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax without its permission and thus the House of Commons became a part of the government. It is at this point that a modern style of prime minister begins to emerge.</reasoning><output>Bill of Rights</output> |
What body was incorporated into the government as a result of the Bill of Rights? | <text>What body was incorporated into the government as a result of the Bill of Rights?</text><reasoning>In the mid 17th century, after the English Civil War (1642–1651), Parliament strengthened its position relative to the monarch then gained more power through the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and passage of the Bill of Rights in 1689. The monarch could no longer establish any law or impose any tax without its permission and thus the House of Commons became a part of the government. It is at this point that a modern style of prime minister begins to emerge.</reasoning><output>House of Commons</output> |
How much of the gross domestic product was spent on public health in 2004? | <text>How much of the gross domestic product was spent on public health in 2004?</text><reasoning>Public expenditure health was at 8.9% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 1.3%. As of 2012, the HIV/AIDS prevalence was at 2.8% among 15- to 49-year-olds. Health expenditure was at US$30 per capita in 2004. A large proportion of the population is undernourished, with malnutrition being a problem in Congo-Brazzaville. There were 20 physicians per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s (decade).</reasoning><output>8.9%</output> |
What was the overall incidence of HIV or AIDS throughout the 15 to 49 year old population? | <text>What was the overall incidence of HIV or AIDS throughout the 15 to 49 year old population?</text><reasoning>Public expenditure health was at 8.9% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 1.3%. As of 2012, the HIV/AIDS prevalence was at 2.8% among 15- to 49-year-olds. Health expenditure was at US$30 per capita in 2004. A large proportion of the population is undernourished, with malnutrition being a problem in Congo-Brazzaville. There were 20 physicians per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s (decade).</reasoning><output>2.8%</output> |
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