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When was the first analog computer in the form of a tide-predicting machine created? | <text>When was the first analog computer in the form of a tide-predicting machine created?</text><reasoning>The first modern analog computer was a tide-predicting machine, invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872. The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integra... |
Who created the idea of the differential analyzer in 1876? | <text>Who created the idea of the differential analyzer in 1876?</text><reasoning>The first modern analog computer was a tide-predicting machine, invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872. The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration using wheel-and-disc ... |
James Thomson was the brother of what famous figure? | <text>James Thomson was the brother of what famous figure?</text><reasoning>The first modern analog computer was a tide-predicting machine, invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872. The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration using wheel-and-disc mechan... |
Analog computers remain in use in what industries? | <text>Analog computers remain in use in what industries?</text><reasoning>By the 1950s the success of digital electronic computers had spelled the end for most analog computing machines, but analog computers remain in use in some specialized applications such as education (control systems) and aircraft (slide rule).</r... |
What type of mechanisms did the differential analyzer use? | <text>What type of mechanisms did the differential analyzer use?</text><reasoning>The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, used wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. In 1876 Lord Kelvin had already discussed the possible constructio... |
In 1876 who lobbied for the construction of the differential analyzers? | <text>In 1876 who lobbied for the construction of the differential analyzers?</text><reasoning>The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, used wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. In 1876 Lord Kelvin had already discussed the possibl... |
During what decade were mechanical differential analyzers developed? | <text>During what decade were mechanical differential analyzers developed?</text><reasoning>The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, used wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. In 1876 Lord Kelvin had already discussed the possible c... |
In the 1920s, who was the person who developed mechanical differential analyzers? | <text>In the 1920s, who was the person who developed mechanical differential analyzers?</text><reasoning>The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration, used wheel-and-disc mechanisms to perform the integration. In 1876 Lord Kelvin had already discussed t... |
What part of the US military developed an electromechanical analog computer to use on a submarine? | <text>What part of the US military developed an electromechanical analog computer to use on a submarine?</text><reasoning>By 1938 the United States Navy had developed an electromechanical analog computer small enough to use aboard a submarine. This was the Torpedo Data Computer, which used trigonometry to solve the pro... |
When did the US Navy invent an electromechanical computer to use on a submarine? | <text>When did the US Navy invent an electromechanical computer to use on a submarine?</text><reasoning>By 1938 the United States Navy had developed an electromechanical analog computer small enough to use aboard a submarine. This was the Torpedo Data Computer, which used trigonometry to solve the problem of firing a t... |
What type of math did the Torpedo Data computer use to fire a torpedo at a moving target? | <text>What type of math did the Torpedo Data computer use to fire a torpedo at a moving target?</text><reasoning>By 1938 the United States Navy had developed an electromechanical analog computer small enough to use aboard a submarine. This was the Torpedo Data Computer, which used trigonometry to solve the problem of f... |
Who invented the concept of a programmable computer? | <text>Who invented the concept of a programmable computer?</text><reasoning>Charles Babbage, an English mechanical engineer and polymath, originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer in the early 19th century. Af... |
Who is considered the "father of the computer"? | <text>Who is considered the "father of the computer"?</text><reasoning>Charles Babbage, an English mechanical engineer and polymath, originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer in the early 19th century. After w... |
During what century was the first mechanical computer invented by Charles Babbage? | <text>During what century was the first mechanical computer invented by Charles Babbage?</text><reasoning>Charles Babbage, an English mechanical engineer and polymath, originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer... |
What year did Charles Babbage find out that An Analytical Engine was possible? | <text>What year did Charles Babbage find out that An Analytical Engine was possible?</text><reasoning>Charles Babbage, an English mechanical engineer and polymath, originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer in ... |
What was the profession of Pierre Jaquet-Droz? | <text>What was the profession of Pierre Jaquet-Droz?</text><reasoning>In the 1770s Pierre Jaquet-Droz, a Swiss watchmaker, built a mechanical doll (automata) that could write holding a quill pen. By switching the number and order of its internal wheels different letters, and hence different messages, could be produced.... |
When did Pierre Jaquet-Droz build a mechanical doll that could hold a pen? | <text>When did Pierre Jaquet-Droz build a mechanical doll that could hold a pen?</text><reasoning>In the 1770s Pierre Jaquet-Droz, a Swiss watchmaker, built a mechanical doll (automata) that could write holding a quill pen. By switching the number and order of its internal wheels different letters, and hence different ... |
Where is the doll Pierre Jaquet-Droz built today? | <text>Where is the doll Pierre Jaquet-Droz built today?</text><reasoning>In the 1770s Pierre Jaquet-Droz, a Swiss watchmaker, built a mechanical doll (automata) that could write holding a quill pen. By switching the number and order of its internal wheels different letters, and hence different messages, could be produc... |
Where is the Musee d-Art et d'Histoire located? | <text>Where is the Musee d-Art et d'Histoire located?</text><reasoning>In the 1770s Pierre Jaquet-Droz, a Swiss watchmaker, built a mechanical doll (automata) that could write holding a quill pen. By switching the number and order of its internal wheels different letters, and hence different messages, could be produced... |
Who created the relay computer, the Z2? | <text>Who created the relay computer, the Z2?</text><reasoning>Early digital computers were electromechanical; electric switches drove mechanical relays to perform the calculation. These devices had a low operating speed and were eventually superseded by much faster all-electric computers, originally using vacuum tubes... |
When did Konrad Zuse invent the Z2? | <text>When did Konrad Zuse invent the Z2?</text><reasoning>Early digital computers were electromechanical; electric switches drove mechanical relays to perform the calculation. These devices had a low operating speed and were eventually superseded by much faster all-electric computers, originally using vacuum tubes. Th... |
What is one of the first electromechanical relay computers? | <text>What is one of the first electromechanical relay computers?</text><reasoning>Early digital computers were electromechanical; electric switches drove mechanical relays to perform the calculation. These devices had a low operating speed and were eventually superseded by much faster all-electric computers, originall... |
Konrad Zuse was an engineer with what nationality? | <text>Konrad Zuse was an engineer with what nationality?</text><reasoning>Early digital computers were electromechanical; electric switches drove mechanical relays to perform the calculation. These devices had a low operating speed and were eventually superseded by much faster all-electric computers, originally using v... |
Who was Charles Babbage's son? | <text>Who was Charles Babbage's son?</text><reasoning>The machine was about a century ahead of its time. All the parts for his machine had to be made by hand — this was a major problem for a device with thousands of parts. Eventually, the project was dissolved with the decision of the British Government to cease fundin... |
Who created a simple version of the analytical engine's computing unit? | <text>Who created a simple version of the analytical engine's computing unit?</text><reasoning>The machine was about a century ahead of its time. All the parts for his machine had to be made by hand — this was a major problem for a device with thousands of parts. Eventually, the project was dissolved with the decision ... |
When was the mill created by Henry Babbage? | <text>When was the mill created by Henry Babbage?</text><reasoning>The machine was about a century ahead of its time. All the parts for his machine had to be made by hand — this was a major problem for a device with thousands of parts. Eventually, the project was dissolved with the decision of the British Government to... |
When was a demonstration by Henry Babbage of the mill given? | <text>When was a demonstration by Henry Babbage of the mill given?</text><reasoning>The machine was about a century ahead of its time. All the parts for his machine had to be made by hand — this was a major problem for a device with thousands of parts. Eventually, the project was dissolved with the decision of the Brit... |
A Universal Machine is known as what today? | <text>A Universal Machine is known as what today?</text><reasoning>He also introduced the notion of a 'Universal Machine' (now known as a Universal Turing machine), with the idea that such a machine could perform the tasks of any other machine, or in other words, it is provably capable of computing anything that is com... |
The US-buils ENIAC stands for what? | <text>The US-buils ENIAC stands for what?</text><reasoning>The US-built ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first electronic programmable computer built in the US. Although the ENIAC was similar to the Colossus it was much faster and more flexible. It was unambiguously a Turing-complete device ... |
What was the first electronic programmable computer built in the United States? | <text>What was the first electronic programmable computer built in the United States?</text><reasoning>The US-built ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first electronic programmable computer built in the US. Although the ENIAC was similar to the Colossus it was much faster and more flexible. It... |
Who built the first Colossus in 1943? | <text>Who built the first Colossus in 1943?</text><reasoning>During World War II, the British at Bletchley Park achieved a number of successes at breaking encrypted German military communications. The German encryption machine, Enigma, was first attacked with the help of the electro-mechanical bombes. To crack the more... |
When was the Colossus sent to Bletchley Park? | <text>When was the Colossus sent to Bletchley Park?</text><reasoning>During World War II, the British at Bletchley Park achieved a number of successes at breaking encrypted German military communications. The German encryption machine, Enigma, was first attacked with the help of the electro-mechanical bombes. To crack ... |
Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II? | <text>Who achieved success at cracking secret German military communications during World War II?</text><reasoning>During World War II, the British at Bletchley Park achieved a number of successes at breaking encrypted German military communications. The German encryption machine, Enigma, was first attacked with the he... |
Where did the British crack secret German military communications during World War II? | <text>Where did the British crack secret German military communications during World War II?</text><reasoning>During World War II, the British at Bletchley Park achieved a number of successes at breaking encrypted German military communications. The German encryption machine, Enigma, was first attacked with the help of... |
Who wrote the paper "On Computable Numbers"? | <text>Who wrote the paper "On Computable Numbers"?</text><reasoning>The principle of the modern computer was first described by mathematician and pioneering computer scientist Alan Turing, who set out the idea in his seminal 1936 paper, On Computable Numbers. Turing reformulated Kurt Gödel's 1931 results on the limits ... |
When did Alan Turing write the paper, "On Computable Numbers"? | <text>When did Alan Turing write the paper, "On Computable Numbers"?</text><reasoning>The principle of the modern computer was first described by mathematician and pioneering computer scientist Alan Turing, who set out the idea in his seminal 1936 paper, On Computable Numbers. Turing reformulated Kurt Gödel's 1931 resu... |
Who did Turing revise the results on the limits of proof and computation in 1931? | <text>Who did Turing revise the results on the limits of proof and computation in 1931?</text><reasoning>The principle of the modern computer was first described by mathematician and pioneering computer scientist Alan Turing, who set out the idea in his seminal 1936 paper, On Computable Numbers. Turing reformulated Kur... |
What was the first electronic digital programmable computer in the world? | <text>What was the first electronic digital programmable computer in the world?</text><reasoning>Colossus was the world's first electronic digital programmable computer. It used a large number of valves (vacuum tubes). It had paper-tape input and was capable of being configured to perform a variety of boolean logical o... |
How many vacuum tubes did the Colossus Mark I contain? | <text>How many vacuum tubes did the Colossus Mark I contain?</text><reasoning>Colossus was the world's first electronic digital programmable computer. It used a large number of valves (vacuum tubes). It had paper-tape input and was capable of being configured to perform a variety of boolean logical operations on its da... |
How many tubes did Colossus Mark II contain? | <text>How many tubes did Colossus Mark II contain?</text><reasoning>Colossus was the world's first electronic digital programmable computer. It used a large number of valves (vacuum tubes). It had paper-tape input and was capable of being configured to perform a variety of boolean logical operations on its data, but it... |
The integrated circuit of a computer was the idea of whom? | <text>The integrated circuit of a computer was the idea of whom?</text><reasoning>The next great advance in computing power came with the advent of the integrated circuit. The idea of the integrated circuit was first conceived by a radar scientist working for the Royal Radar Establishment of the Ministry of Defence, Ge... |
Where did Geoffrey W.A. Dummer work at? | <text>Where did Geoffrey W.A. Dummer work at?</text><reasoning>The next great advance in computing power came with the advent of the integrated circuit. The idea of the integrated circuit was first conceived by a radar scientist working for the Royal Radar Establishment of the Ministry of Defence, Geoffrey W.A. Dummer.... |
When did Konrad Zuse create the Z3 computer? | <text>When did Konrad Zuse create the Z3 computer?</text><reasoning>In 1941, Zuse followed his earlier machine up with the Z3, the world's first working electromechanical programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The Z3 was built with 2000 relays, implementing a 22 bit word length that operated at a clock frequen... |
What was the first automatic, digital, programmable computer created by Konrad Zuse? | <text>What was the first automatic, digital, programmable computer created by Konrad Zuse?</text><reasoning>In 1941, Zuse followed his earlier machine up with the Z3, the world's first working electromechanical programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The Z3 was built with 2000 relays, implementing a 22 bit word... |
How many relays did the Z3 contain? | <text>How many relays did the Z3 contain?</text><reasoning>In 1941, Zuse followed his earlier machine up with the Z3, the world's first working electromechanical programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The Z3 was built with 2000 relays, implementing a 22 bit word length that operated at a clock frequency of abo... |
What did the Z3 operate for a clock frequency? | <text>What did the Z3 operate for a clock frequency?</text><reasoning>In 1941, Zuse followed his earlier machine up with the Z3, the world's first working electromechanical programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The Z3 was built with 2000 relays, implementing a 22 bit word length that operated at a clock frequ... |
How many words of memory could be stored with the Z3? | <text>How many words of memory could be stored with the Z3?</text><reasoning>In 1941, Zuse followed his earlier machine up with the Z3, the world's first working electromechanical programmable, fully automatic digital computer. The Z3 was built with 2000 relays, implementing a 22 bit word length that operated at a cloc... |
Multitasking would seemingly cause a computer to run in what fashion? | <text>Multitasking would seemingly cause a computer to run in what fashion?</text><reasoning>Seemingly, multitasking would cause a computer that is switching between several programs to run more slowly, in direct proportion to the number of programs it is running, but most programs spend much of their time waiting for ... |
What do a lot of programs spend time waiting for? | <text>What do a lot of programs spend time waiting for?</text><reasoning>Seemingly, multitasking would cause a computer that is switching between several programs to run more slowly, in direct proportion to the number of programs it is running, but most programs spend much of their time waiting for slow input/output de... |
Billions of instructions per second are called what in computer terms? | <text>Billions of instructions per second are called what in computer terms?</text><reasoning>In practical terms, a computer program may be just a few instructions or extend to many millions of instructions, as do the programs for word processors and web browsers for example. A typical modern computer can execute billi... |
What was the name of the first single-chip microprocessor? | <text>What was the name of the first single-chip microprocessor?</text><reasoning>This new development heralded an explosion in the commercial and personal use of computers and led to the invention of the microprocessor. While the subject of exactly which device was the first microprocessor is contentious, partly due t... |
Who created the Intel 4004 microprocessor? | <text>Who created the Intel 4004 microprocessor?</text><reasoning>This new development heralded an explosion in the commercial and personal use of computers and led to the invention of the microprocessor. While the subject of exactly which device was the first microprocessor is contentious, partly due to lack of agreem... |
Where did Ted Hoff, Federico Faggin, and Stanley Mazor work at? | <text>Where did Ted Hoff, Federico Faggin, and Stanley Mazor work at?</text><reasoning>This new development heralded an explosion in the commercial and personal use of computers and led to the invention of the microprocessor. While the subject of exactly which device was the first microprocessor is contentious, partly ... |
When was the bipolar transistor created? | <text>When was the bipolar transistor created?</text><reasoning>The bipolar transistor was invented in 1947. From 1955 onwards transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computer designs, giving rise to the "second generation" of computers. Compared to vacuum tubes, transistors have many advantages: they are smaller, and req... |
When did transistors start replacing vacuum tubes in computers? | <text>When did transistors start replacing vacuum tubes in computers?</text><reasoning>The bipolar transistor was invented in 1947. From 1955 onwards transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computer designs, giving rise to the "second generation" of computers. Compared to vacuum tubes, transistors have many advantages: th... |
What was the nickname of the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine? | <text>What was the nickname of the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine?</text><reasoning>The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine, nicknamed Baby, was the world's first stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill, a... |
What was the first stored-program computer in the world? | <text>What was the first stored-program computer in the world?</text><reasoning>The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine, nicknamed Baby, was the world's first stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill, and ran its first ... |
Where was the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine built? | <text>Where was the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine built?</text><reasoning>The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine, nicknamed Baby, was the world's first stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill, and ran it... |
Who built the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine? | <text>Who built the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine?</text><reasoning>The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine, nicknamed Baby, was the world's first stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Tootill, and ran its firs... |
When did the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine run its first program? | <text>When did the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine run its first program?</text><reasoning>The Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine, nicknamed Baby, was the world's first stored-program computer. It was built at the Victoria University of Manchester by Frederic C. Williams, Tom Kilburn and Geoff Toot... |
Where did the engineer Tommy Flowers work at during the 1930s? | <text>Where did the engineer Tommy Flowers work at during the 1930s?</text><reasoning>Purely electronic circuit elements soon replaced their mechanical and electromechanical equivalents, at the same time that digital calculation replaced analog. The engineer Tommy Flowers, working at the Post Office Research Station in... |
In what city did Tommy Flowers work in the 1930s? | <text>In what city did Tommy Flowers work in the 1930s?</text><reasoning>Purely electronic circuit elements soon replaced their mechanical and electromechanical equivalents, at the same time that digital calculation replaced analog. The engineer Tommy Flowers, working at the Post Office Research Station in London in th... |
The Atanasoff-Berry computer was invented in what year? | <text>The Atanasoff-Berry computer was invented in what year?</text><reasoning>Purely electronic circuit elements soon replaced their mechanical and electromechanical equivalents, at the same time that digital calculation replaced analog. The engineer Tommy Flowers, working at the Post Office Research Station in London... |
How many vacuum tubes did the Atanasoff-Berry computer use? | <text>How many vacuum tubes did the Atanasoff-Berry computer use?</text><reasoning>Purely electronic circuit elements soon replaced their mechanical and electromechanical equivalents, at the same time that digital calculation replaced analog. The engineer Tommy Flowers, working at the Post Office Research Station in Lo... |
At what school did John Vincent Atansoff and Clifford E. Berry work? | <text>At what school did John Vincent Atansoff and Clifford E. Berry work?</text><reasoning>Purely electronic circuit elements soon replaced their mechanical and electromechanical equivalents, at the same time that digital calculation replaced analog. The engineer Tommy Flowers, working at the Post Office Research Stat... |
All devices that can process information can qualify being called what? | <text>All devices that can process information can qualify being called what?</text><reasoning>A computer does not need to be electronic, nor even have a processor, nor RAM, nor even a hard disk. While popular usage of the word "computer" is synonymous with a personal electronic computer, the modern definition of a com... |
Computer programs that can learn are studied in what field? | <text>Computer programs that can learn are studied in what field?</text><reasoning>A computer will solve problems in exactly the way it is programmed to, without regard to efficiency, alternative solutions, possible shortcuts, or possible errors in the code. Computer programs that learn and adapt are part of the emergi... |
What type of computer can break encryption algorithms quickly? | <text>What type of computer can break encryption algorithms quickly?</text><reasoning>There is active research to make computers out of many promising new types of technology, such as optical computers, DNA computers, neural computers, and quantum computers. Most computers are universal, and are able to calculate any c... |
By what method do quantum computers solve encryption algorithms quickly? | <text>By what method do quantum computers solve encryption algorithms quickly?</text><reasoning>There is active research to make computers out of many promising new types of technology, such as optical computers, DNA computers, neural computers, and quantum computers. Most computers are universal, and are able to calcu... |
What are assigned to phonemes by different linguists? | <text>What are assigned to phonemes by different linguists?</text><reasoning>Different linguists therefore take different approaches to the problem of assigning sounds to phonemes. For example, they differ in the extent to which they require allophones to be phonetically similar. There are also differing ideas as to wh... |
What part of a human does language processing? | <text>What part of a human does language processing?</text><reasoning>Different linguists therefore take different approaches to the problem of assigning sounds to phonemes. For example, they differ in the extent to which they require allophones to be phonetically similar. There are also differing ideas as to whether t... |
The phonetical similarity of what thing causes disagreements between linguists? | <text>The phonetical similarity of what thing causes disagreements between linguists?</text><reasoning>Different linguists therefore take different approaches to the problem of assigning sounds to phonemes. For example, they differ in the extent to which they require allophones to be phonetically similar. There are als... |
Programming languages are translated into machine code by what? | <text>Programming languages are translated into machine code by what?</text><reasoning>Programming languages provide various ways of specifying programs for computers to run. Unlike natural languages, programming languages are designed to permit no ambiguity and to be concise. They are purely written languages and are ... |
Programming languages are translated at run time by what? | <text>Programming languages are translated at run time by what?</text><reasoning>Programming languages provide various ways of specifying programs for computers to run. Unlike natural languages, programming languages are designed to permit no ambiguity and to be concise. They are purely written languages and are often ... |
How many times could it add or subtract a second? | <text>How many times could it add or subtract a second?</text><reasoning>It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems. It could add or subtract 5000 times a second, a thousand times faster than any other machine. It also had modules to multiply, divide, and squar... |
What was the limit of its high speed memory? | <text>What was the limit of its high speed memory?</text><reasoning>It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems. It could add or subtract 5000 times a second, a thousand times faster than any other machine. It also had modules to multiply, divide, and square roo... |
ENIAC was constructed by whom? | <text>ENIAC was constructed by whom?</text><reasoning>It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems. It could add or subtract 5000 times a second, a thousand times faster than any other machine. It also had modules to multiply, divide, and square root. High speed ... |
Where did John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert build the ENIAC? | <text>Where did John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert build the ENIAC?</text><reasoning>It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems. It could add or subtract 5000 times a second, a thousand times faster than any other machine. It also had modules to multiply, divid... |
When was ENIAC fully operational? | <text>When was ENIAC fully operational?</text><reasoning>It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems. It could add or subtract 5000 times a second, a thousand times faster than any other machine. It also had modules to multiply, divide, and square root. High spe... |
A computer's assembly language is known as what? | <text>A computer's assembly language is known as what?</text><reasoning>While it is possible to write computer programs as long lists of numbers (machine language) and while this technique was used with many early computers, it is extremely tedious and potentially error-prone to do so in practice, especially for compli... |
Programs that convert assembly language into machine language are called what? | <text>Programs that convert assembly language into machine language are called what?</text><reasoning>While it is possible to write computer programs as long lists of numbers (machine language) and while this technique was used with many early computers, it is extremely tedious and potentially error-prone to do so in p... |
Computer programs that are long lists of numbers are called what? | <text>Computer programs that are long lists of numbers are called what?</text><reasoning>While it is possible to write computer programs as long lists of numbers (machine language) and while this technique was used with many early computers, it is extremely tedious and potentially error-prone to do so in practice, espe... |
When a computer goes back and repeats instructions of a program over until an internal condition is met is called what? | <text>When a computer goes back and repeats instructions of a program over until an internal condition is met is called what?</text><reasoning>Program execution might be likened to reading a book. While a person will normally read each word and line in sequence, they may at times jump back to an earlier place in the te... |
What allows a computer to perform repetitive tasks without human intervening? | <text>What allows a computer to perform repetitive tasks without human intervening?</text><reasoning>Program execution might be likened to reading a book. While a person will normally read each word and line in sequence, they may at times jump back to an earlier place in the text or skip sections that are not of intere... |
An ARM architecture computer can be found in what? | <text>An ARM architecture computer can be found in what?</text><reasoning>Machine languages and the assembly languages that represent them (collectively termed low-level programming languages) tend to be unique to a particular type of computer. For instance, an ARM architecture computer (such as may be found in a PDA o... |
Boolean logic consists of what? | <text>Boolean logic consists of what?</text><reasoning>Logic operations involve Boolean logic: AND, OR, XOR, and NOT. These can be useful for creating complicated conditional statements and processing boolean logic.</reasoning><output>AND, OR, XOR, and NOT</output> |
Another name for errors in programs are called what? | <text>Another name for errors in programs are called what?</text><reasoning>Errors in computer programs are called "bugs". They may be benign and not affect the usefulness of the program, or have only subtle effects. But in some cases, they may cause the program or the entire system to "hang", becoming unresponsive to ... |
Bugs are usually the fault of whom or what? | <text>Bugs are usually the fault of whom or what?</text><reasoning>Errors in computer programs are called "bugs". They may be benign and not affect the usefulness of the program, or have only subtle effects. But in some cases, they may cause the program or the entire system to "hang", becoming unresponsive to input suc... |
Where created the first practical integrated circuits? | <text>Where created the first practical integrated circuits?</text><reasoning>The first practical ICs were invented by Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor. Kilby recorded his initial ideas concerning the integrated circuit in July 1958, successfully demonstrating the first workin... |
Where did Jack Kilby work at when he created the first IC? | <text>Where did Jack Kilby work at when he created the first IC?</text><reasoning>The first practical ICs were invented by Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor. Kilby recorded his initial ideas concerning the integrated circuit in July 1958, successfully demonstrating the first wo... |
When was the first functional IC demonstrated? | <text>When was the first functional IC demonstrated?</text><reasoning>The first practical ICs were invented by Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor. Kilby recorded his initial ideas concerning the integrated circuit in July 1958, successfully demonstrating the first working integr... |
What was Kilby's IC made of? | <text>What was Kilby's IC made of?</text><reasoning>The first practical ICs were invented by Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor. Kilby recorded his initial ideas concerning the integrated circuit in July 1958, successfully demonstrating the first working integrated example on 12... |
Noyce's IC was made up of what material? | <text>Noyce's IC was made up of what material?</text><reasoning>The first practical ICs were invented by Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor. Kilby recorded his initial ideas concerning the integrated circuit in July 1958, successfully demonstrating the first working integrated e... |
Who was the developer of the first compier? | <text>Who was the developer of the first compier?</text><reasoning>Admiral Grace Hopper, an American computer scientist and developer of the first compiler, is credited for having first used the term "bugs" in computing after a dead moth was found shorting a relay in the Harvard Mark II computer in September 1947.</rea... |
Who first coined the term "bugs"? | <text>Who first coined the term "bugs"?</text><reasoning>Admiral Grace Hopper, an American computer scientist and developer of the first compiler, is credited for having first used the term "bugs" in computing after a dead moth was found shorting a relay in the Harvard Mark II computer in September 1947.</reasoning><ou... |
What type of creature shorted a relay of Grace Hopper's computer? | <text>What type of creature shorted a relay of Grace Hopper's computer?</text><reasoning>Admiral Grace Hopper, an American computer scientist and developer of the first compiler, is credited for having first used the term "bugs" in computing after a dead moth was found shorting a relay in the Harvard Mark II computer i... |
What type of computer of Grace Hopper's was shorted by a moth? | <text>What type of computer of Grace Hopper's was shorted by a moth?</text><reasoning>Admiral Grace Hopper, an American computer scientist and developer of the first compiler, is credited for having first used the term "bugs" in computing after a dead moth was found shorting a relay in the Harvard Mark II computer in S... |
When was Grace Hopper's Hardvard Mark II shorted by a moth? | <text>When was Grace Hopper's Hardvard Mark II shorted by a moth?</text><reasoning>Admiral Grace Hopper, an American computer scientist and developer of the first compiler, is credited for having first used the term "bugs" in computing after a dead moth was found shorting a relay in the Harvard Mark II computer in Sept... |
The ALU of a computer stands for what? | <text>The ALU of a computer stands for what?</text><reasoning>A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O). These parts are interconnected by buses, often made of groups of wires.</reasoning... |
Input and output devices are known as what term? | <text>Input and output devices are known as what term?</text><reasoning>A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O). These parts are interconnected by buses, often made of groups of wires.<... |
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