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The National Library of Australia is the largest reference library of Australia , responsible under the terms of the National Library Act for `` maintaining and developing a national collection of library material , including a comprehensive collection of library material relating to Australia and the Australian people . ''	The National Library of Australia is Australia 's largest reference library .
The Library has particular collection strengths in the performing arts , including dance .	The Library collects Australian materials of all kinds including : The Library has good collections in the performing arts , including dance .
The Library has digitized over 174,000 items from its collection ( the 100,000 th being http :\ / \ / nla.gov.au \ / nla.pic-vn3409117 ) and , where possible , delivers these directly across the Internet .	The Library has digitised over 130,000 items from its collection .
The Library 's collections of Australiana have developed into the nation 's single most important resource of materials recording the Australian cultural heritage .	The Library 's collections of Australian objects has become the nation 's single most important collection of materials recording the Australian cultural history .
The National Library of Australia , while formally established by the passage of the National Library Act , 1960 , had been functioning as a National Library rather than strictly a Parliamentary Library , almost since its inception .	The National Library of Australia , was officially set up with the National Library Act , 1960 .
The next four books follow on from Sharpe 's Siege , up to Sharpe 's Devil , set in 1820-21 .	So far , the writer has written 21 books , from `` Sharpe 's Tiger '' to `` Sharpe 's Devil '' .
The UCI ProTour was a series of road bicycle races in Europe , Australia and Canada organised by the UCI ( International Cycling Union ) .	The UCI ProTour is a series of bicycle road races organised by the world governing body the International Cycling Federation ( Union Cycliste Internationale - the UCI ) The ProTour is the top grade of races for the top 20 cycling teams .
It was initially the basis of a season long competition for rankings points , created for 2005 to replace the UCI Road World Cup series , which ended at the end of the 2004 season ( although the World Cup did not include any stage races ) .	It started in 2005 and replaced the old world championship series which did not include stage races .
With an initial worldwide gross of over $ 1.84 billion , it was the first film to reach the billion-dollar mark .	It was also a commercial success with a total worldwide gross of $ 1.84 billion .
Horner waited until Cameron was in an appropriate mood before presenting him with the song .	Horner waited until Cameron was in a happy mood .
Production on the film began in 1995 , when Cameron shot footage of the actual Titanic wreck .	Cameron recorded footage of the real Titanic wreck .
Horner additionally wrote the song `` My Heart Will Go On '' in secret with Will Jennings because Cameron did not want any songs with singing in the film .	He wrote the song in secrecy because Cameron did not want any songs with singing in the movie .
Titanic is a 1997 American epic romantic disaster film directed , written , co-produced , co-edited and partly financed by James Cameron .	Titanic is a 1997 American epic romantic disaster movie .
A reconstruction of the Titanic built at Playas de Rosarito in Baja California , scale models , and computer-generated imagery were used to recreate the sinking .	The reconstruction of the Titanic was created at Playas de Rosarito in Baja California .
Upon its release on December 19 , 1997 , the film achieved critical and commercial success .	The movie was released on December 19 , 1997 .
The modern scenes were shot on board the Akademik Mstislav Keldysh , which Cameron had used as a base when filming the wreck .	The movie scenes of the ship 's journey were taken on the Akademik Mstislav Keldysh in July 1996 .
A 3D version of the film , released on April 4 , 2012 ( often billed as Titanic 3D ) to commemorate the centennial of the sinking , earned it an additional $ 343.6 million worldwide , pushing its worldwide total to $ 2.18 billion .	It earned $ 343.6 million worldwide .
20th Century Fox and Paramount Pictures co-financed Titanic , with Paramount handling the North American distribution and Fox handling the international release .	Paramount Pictures and 20th Century Fox helped with half of the funding for the movie .
Nominated for fourteen Academy Awards , it won eleven , including the awards for Best Picture and Best Director , tying Ben Hur ( 1959 ) for most Oscars won by a single film .	The movie won 11 Academy Awards , and was nominated for fourteen other Academy Awards .
After playing it several times , Cameron declared his approval , although worried that he would have been criticized for `` going commercial at the end of the movie '' .	However , Cameron feared that he might be criticized for `` going commercial at the end of the movie '' .
John McCain supported the war while Barack Obama opposed it .	John McCain lost the election to Barack Obama .
Venus Ebony Starr Williams ( born June 17 , 1980 ) is an American professional tennis player who is a former World No. 1 and is ranked World No. 29 in singles as of March 1 , 2014 .	Venus Ebony Starr Williams ( born July 17 , 1980 ) is an American professional tennis player who is a former World No. 1 and is ranked World No. 37 in singles as of January 17 , 2014 .
She ended the year ranked World No. 22 .	She was ranked World No. 24 as of October 22 , 2012 in singles .
Venus won the match and her fourth Grand Slam singles title .	She is an Olympic gold medalist who has won 7 Grand Slam titles .
Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm , moist air .	Regular thunderstorms begin when warm air near the ground mix with moist air , which makes an updraft ( a wind that goes upward ) .
During this stage , considerable internal turbulence can occur in the storm system , which manifests as strong winds , severe lightning , and even tornadoes .	Thunderstorms are small , intense weather systems that make strong winds , heavy rain , lightning , and thunder .
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder ( OCPD ) , also called anankastic personality disorder , is a personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness , perfectionism , mental and interpersonal control and a need for power over one 's environment , at the expense of flexibility , openness , and efficiency .	Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder ( OCPD ) is a personality disorder .
Some , but not all , people with OCPD show an obsessive need for cleanliness .	Some people with OCPD , but not all of them , have a strong need to be clean .
At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known .	At its height , the main actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became very well known in the United States .
Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. .	Set in the made-up town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show first went on TV on Monday , April 2 , 1956 at 1:30 pm EST. .
In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day .	As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million people watching each day .
At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 .	At first , viewers were not excited about it , but ratings picked up in its second year , and reached the top spot in the daytime Nielsen Ratings by the fall of 1958 .
On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it canceled As the World Turns because of low ratings .	On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that ' `` As the World Turns would air its last episode in September 2010 .
As the World Turns was produced in New York City for all of its time ( its first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 ) .	As the World Turns is well known for having been taped in New York City for all of its 52 years on television ( 43 years in Manhattan and nine years in Brooklyn ) .
The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 .	The show aired its 13,000 th episode April 23 , 2007 ; the 10,000 th episode aired on May 12 1995 .
As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS from April 2 , 1956 to September 17 , 2010 .	As the World Turns ( ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that airs each weekday on CBS .
The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 when The Edge of Night moved to ABC .	The show went from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 1975 .
Marie François Sadi Carnot ( French pronunciation : ( maʁi fʁɑ̃swa sadi kaʁno ) ; 11 August 1837 - 25 June 1894 ) was a French statesman and the fourth president of the Third French Republic .	Marie François Sadi Carnot ( French pronunciation : ( maʁi fʁɑ̃swa sadi kaʁno ) ; 11 August 1837 - 25 June 1894 ) was a French statesman , the fourth president of the Third French Republic .
The stabbing aroused widespread horror and grief , and the president was honored with an elaborate funeral ceremony in the Panthéon on July 1 , 1894 .	The stabbing aroused widespread horror and grief , and the president was honored with an elaborate funeral ceremony in the Panthéon .
He assumed office at a critical period , when the republic was all but openly attacked by General Boulanger .	He assumed office at a critical period , when the republic was all but openly attacked by .
Carnot was reaching the zenith of popularity , when , on 24 June 1894 , after delivering at a public banquet at Lyon a speech in which he appeared to imply that he nevertheless would not seek re-election , he was stabbed by an Italian anarchist named Sante Geronimo Caserio .	Afterwards he was stabbed by an Italian anarchist named Sante Geronimo Caserio and died shortly after midnight on 25 June .
Australian cicadas are found on tropical islands and cold coastal beaches around Tasmania ; in tropical wetlands ; high and low deserts ; alpine areas of New South Wales and Victoria ; large cities like Sydney , Melbourne , and Brisbane ; and Tasmanian highlands and snowfields .	In Australia , cicadas are found on tropical islands and cold coastal beaches around Tasmania ; in tropical wetlands ; high and low deserts ; alpine areas of New South Wales and Victoria ; large cities like Sydney , Melbourne , and Brisbane ; and Tasmanian highlands and snowfields .
There are some 200 species in 38 genera in Australia , about 450 in Africa , about 100 in the Palaearctic , and only one species in England , the New Forest cicada , Melampsalta montana , widely distributed throughout Europe .	There are some 200 species in 38 genera in Australia , about 450 in Africa , about 100 in the Palaearctic , and exactly one species in England , the New Forest cicada , Melampsalta montana , widely distributed throughout Europe .
There are two extant species of Tettigarctidae , one in southern Australia , and the other in Tasmania .	There are two living species of Tettigarctidae , one in southern Australia , and the other in Tasmania .
These periodical cicadas have an extremely long life cycle of 13 or 17 years and emerge in large numbers .	These periodical cicadas have an extremely long life cycle of 13 to 17 years and then emerge in large numbers .
Many New Zealand cicada species differ from those of other countries by being found high up on mountain tops .	Many New Zealand cicada species differ from those of other countries by living high up on mountain tops .
Cicadas are often colloquially called locusts , although they are unrelated to true locusts , which are various species of swarming grasshopper .	Cicadas are often colloquially called locusts , although they are unrelated to true locusts , which are a kind of grasshopper .
Cicadas are arranged into two families : Tettigarctidae ( q.v. ) and Cicadidae .	Cicadas are arranged into two families : Tettigarctidae and Cicadidae .
Cicadas live in temperate-to-tropical climates where they are among the most-widely recognized of all insects , mainly due to their large size and unique sound .	Cicadas live in temperate to tropical climates where their large size and unique sound makes them well known .
The largest cicadas are in the genera Megapomponia , Pomponia and Tacua .	The largest cicadas are in the genera Pomponia and Tacua .
In their teens they participated in a number of amateur bands ; however , it was not until 1986 when Marcus was invited to Mike 's band that Boards of Canada was born .	In their teens they went in a number of amateur bands ; however , it was not until 1986 when Marcus was invited to Mike 's band that Boards of Canada was born .
They experimented with recording techniques at around the age of 10 , using tape machines to layer cut-up samples of found sounds over compositions of their own .	They experimented with recording uses at around the age of 10 , using tape machines to layer cut-up samples of found sounds over compositions of their own .
Boards of Canada ( commonly abbreviated BoC ) are a Scottish electronic music duo consisting of brothers Michael Sandison ( born 1 June 1970 ) and Marcus Eoin ( born Marcus Eoin Sandison , 21 July 1971 ) .	Boards of Canada ( commonly abbreviated BoC ) are a Scottish electronic music duo of two brothers Mike Sandison ( born June 1 , 1970 ) and Marcus Eoin ( born July 21 , 1971 ) .
They have also recorded at least four tracks under the alias of Hell Interface .	They have also recorded four tracks under the alias Hell Interface .
They have released several works on Warp Records with little advertising and few interviews , while also having an elusive and obscure back-catalogue of releases on their self-run Music70 label .	They are signed with Warp Records and have released several works on that label with little advertising and few interviews , while also having a secret , privately-released back-catalogue of albums on their self-run Music70 label .
Growing up in a musical family , brothers Mike Sandison and Marcus Eoin began playing instruments at a young age .	Growing up in a musical family , brothers Mike and Marcus Eoin began playing instruments at a young age .
By 1989 , the band had been reduced to Sandison and Eoin .	By 1989 , the band had gone down just to Sandison and Eoin .
It decays almost exclusively to a W boson and a bottom quark , but it can decay also into a strange quark , and on the rarest of occasions , into a down quark .	Almost all of the time , top quarks will decay into a bottom quark and a W boson , although it can sometimes decay into a strange quark .
Like all quarks , the top quark is an elementary fermion with spin-1 ⁄ 2 , and experiences all four fundamental interactions : gravitation , electromagnetism , weak interactions , and strong interactions .	Top quarks interact with all four of the fundamental forces , which are gravity , electromagnetism , strong force , and weak force .
The top quark , also known as the t quark ( symbol : t ) or truth quark , is an elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter .	Top quarks or truth quarks are the heaviest known elementary particles ( particles that are so small that they can not be divided ) .
He has won about 30 tournaments in his professional career , including tournaments at Wijk aan Zee ( 1992 ) and first places in Biel ( 1993 ) , Dos Hermanas ( 1994 ) , Belgrade ( 1995 ) , Tilburg ( 1996 ) , Malmö ( 1999 ) , and Pamplona ( 2004 ) .	He has won about 30 tournaments in his career , including tournaments at Wijk aan Zee ( in 1992 and 1994 ) and first places in Biel ( 1993 ) , Dos Hermanas ( 1994 ) , Belgrade ( 1995 ) , Tilburg ( 1996 ) , Malmo ( 1999 ) and Pamplona ( 2004 ) .
He had numerous strong results in the knockout tournaments for the FIDE World Chess Championships 1998-2004 , with his best result being a semi-finalist in 1997 .	He had numerous strong results in the knockout tournaments for the FIDE Championships 1998-2004 , with his best result being a semi-finalist in 1997 .
After drawing the first five games , Gelfand won the sixth and final game on the white side of a Grünfeld Defense to win the match and the tournament 3 1\/2 -2 1\/2 .	After drawing the first five games , Gelfand won the sixth and final game on the white side of a Grünfeld defense to win the match 3.5-2 .5 .
Gelfand has qualified several times for Candidates Tournaments for the World Chess Championship .	Gelfand has several times qualified for Candidates tournaments for the World Chess Championship .
The next year he earned the GM title .	He earned the GM title the following year .
After splitting the first four games 2-2 , Kamsky won game three in the rapid playoff to go ahead 2-1 , forcing Gelfand to win with black in the final rapid game in order to avoid elimination .	Kamsky won game three in the playoff to go ahead 2-1 .
In 1988 he tied for first in the World Junior Championship , the title , however , going to Joël Lautier .	In 1988 he tied for first in the World Junior Championship , the title going to Joel Lautier .
As winner of the Candidates Tournament , Gelfand faced Anand for the 2012 World Championship .	As winner of the Candidates series , Gelfand face Anand for the 2012 World Championship .
By winning the Chess World Cup 2009 , Gelfand qualified for the World Chess Championship 2012 Candidates Tournament .	Gelfand won the Chess World Cup 2009 , and was automatically seeded into the Candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship 2012 .
Boris Abramovich Gelfand ( Belarusian : Барыс Абрамавіч Гельфанд ; Hebrew : בוריס אברמוביץ ' גלפנד ; born 24 June 1968 ) is an Israeli chess Grandmaster .	Boris Abramovich Gelfand ( born 24 June 1968 in Minsk ) is a Belarusian-Israeli chess grandmaster .
In 1998 , Gelfand immigrated to Israel and settled in Rishon LeZion , where he became Israel 's top ranking chess player .	In 1998 , Gelfand emigrated to Israel , where he is Israel 's top ranking chess player .
Although the match was level at 6-6 , Gelfand lost in the rapid tie break games .	In this match Gelfand tied 6-6 , but he lost the four-game rapid play tie-breaker .
He won the 2011 Candidates Tournament and faced World Champion Viswanathan Anand for the World Chess Championship 2012 .	The tournament and the world championship was won by Viswanathan Anand .
Gelfand was not one of the favorites for the World Chess Championship 2007 , but he surprised most observers by finishing joint second with reigning World Champion Vladimir Kramnik ( third after tie breaks ) ; the World Championship was won by Viswanathan Anand .	He qualified for the tournament for the World Chess Championship 2007 , and surprised most observers by finishing joint second with reigning world champion Vladimir Kramnik ( third after tie breaks ) .
In the quarterfinals , he won a complex struggle on the black side of the Najdorf Defense in game three to defeat Shakhriyar Mamedyarov 2 1\/2 -1 1\/2 and advance to the semifinals , where he faced American Gata Kamsky .	In the semifinals he faced American Gata Kamsky .
The Lake District , also commonly known as The Lakes or ( particularly as an adjective ) Lakeland , is a mountainous region in North West England .	The Lake District , also known as The Lakes or Lakeland , is a rural area in north west England .
A popular holiday destination , it is famous not only for its lakes , forests and mountains ( or fells ) , but also for its associations with the early 19th century poetry and writings of William Wordsworth and the other Lake Poets .	It is a popular vacation area , famous for its lakes and its mountains and its associations with the early 19th century poetry and writings of William Wordsworth and the Lake Poets .
The Lake District is one of the most highly populated national parks .	Lake District National Park ( created in 1951 ) is one of the fifteen National parks in the United Kingdom .
His theories dominated and influenced Western medical science for more than 1,300 years .	His theories influenced Western medical science for over a thousand years .
The opera tells how Leonore , disguised as a prison guard named `` Fidelio '' , rescues her husband Florestan from death in a political prison .	The opera tells how Leonore , disguised as a prison guard called `` Fidelio '' , rescues her husband Florestan from death in a political prison .
Further performances were prevented by a dispute between Beethoven and the theater management .	But arguments between Beethoven and the theater management meant there were no more performances .
Rocco and Leonore come to dig his grave and find him asleep .	Rocco tells Leonore that he must help him dig the grave .
It is his only opera .	It is Beethoven 's only opera .
Gaius Plinius Secundus ( AD 23 - August 25 , AD 79 ) , better known as Pliny the Elder , was a Roman author , naturalist , and natural philosopher , as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire , and personal friend of the emperor Vespasian .	Gaius Plinius Secundus ( 23 AD - 25 August 79 AD ) , better known as Pliny the Elder , was a Roman author , naturalist , and natural philosopher , as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire , and personal friend of the emperor Vespasian .
Spending most of his spare time studying , writing or investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field , he wrote an encyclopedic work , Naturalis Historia , which became a model for all other encyclopedias .	Spending most of his spare time studying , writing or investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field , he wrote an encyclopedic work , Naturalis Historia ( `` Natural History '' ) , which became a model for all such works written subsequently .
Pliny the Elder died on August 25 , AD 79 , while attempting the rescue by ship of a friend and his family from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius that had just destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum .	He was attempting the rescue by ship of a friend and his family from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius .
Vespasian died of disease on June 23 , 79 .	Pliny the Elder died on 25 August 79 AD .
He has won the National Book Award for Fiction and the PEN\/Faulkner Award for his novel , Waiting ( 1999 ) .	He has won the National Book Award and the PEN\/Faulkner Award for his novel , Waiting ( 1999 ) .
Jin currently teaches at Boston University in Boston , Massachusetts .	Jin teaches at Boston University in Boston , Massachusetts .
He was on a scholarship at Brandeis University when the 1989 Tiananmen incident occurred .	He was at Brandeis University when the 1989 Tiananmen incident happened .
His collection Under The Red Flag ( 1997 ) won the Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction , while Ocean of Words ( 1996 ) has been awarded the PEN\/Hemingway Award .	His collection Under The Red Flag ( 1997 ) won the Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction .
Jin sets many of his stories and novels in China , in the fictional Muji City .	Jin sets many of his stories and novels in China in an imaginary place called Muji City .
He left the army when he was nineteen , as he entered Heilongjiang University and earned a bachelor 's degree in English studies .	He left the army when he was nineteen , as he entered Heilongjiang University .
He formerly taught at Emory University in Atlanta , Georgia .	He used to teach at Emory University in Atlanta , Georgia .
Jin was a Mary Ellen von der Heyden Fellow for Fiction at the American Academy in Berlin , Germany , in the fall of 2008 .	He was a Mary Ellen von der Heyden Fellow for Fiction .
His father was a military officer ; at thirteen , Jin joined the People 's Liberation Army during the Cultural Revolution .	Jin joined the People 's Liberation Army during the Cultural Revolution when he was 13 years old .
Jīn Xuěfēi ( simplified Chinese : 金雪飞 ; traditional Chinese : 金雪飛 ; born February 21 , 1956 ) is a contemporary Chinese-American poet and novelist using the pen name Ha Jin ( 哈金 ) .	Jīn Xuěfēi ( simplified Chinese : 金雪飞 ; traditional Chinese : 金雪飛 ; born February 15 , 1956 ) is a living Chinese-American writer .
Jin began to educate himself in Chinese literature and high school curriculum at sixteen .	He began to teach himself about Chinese literature and to learn the high school curriculum at sixteen .
War Trash was also a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize .	The novel War Trash ( 2004 ) , set during the Korean War , won the PEN\/Faulkner Award and was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize .
This was followed by a master 's degree in Anglo-American literature at Shandong University .	Next , he earned a M.A. degree in Anglo-American literature at Shandong University .

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