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While there they discovered that tiny amounts of glutathione inhibited protein synthesis in reticulocytes and that tiny amounts of RNA killed the synthesis altogether .
Tiny amounts of glutathione inhibited protein synthesis in reticulocytes ( immature red blood cells ) , and tiny amounts of RNA killed the synthesis altogether .
In 1961 he was accepted into Clare College , Cambridge to study Natural Sciences , graduating in 1964 and immediately beginning work in the university Department of Biochemistry under Asher Korner , working with scientists such as Louis Reichardt and Tony Hunter .
In 1961 Tim was accepted into Clare College , Cambridge to study natural sciences , graduating in 1964 and immediately beginning work in the university Department of Biochemistry .
In 1974 , he was offered a position at MIT by biologist Salvador Luria .
In 1974 he was offered a position at MIT by biologist Salvador Luria .
He completed his Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1969 .
He completed his PhD in chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1969 .
After completing his Ph.D. , he worked at the California Institute of Technology until 1971 , where he studied plasmids and , later , gene expression in human cells at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory under James Dewey Watson .
After completing his PhD he worked at the California Institute of Technology until 1971 , where he studied plasmids and , later , gene expression in human cells at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory under James Watson .
He shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Richard J. Roberts for `` the discovery that genes in eukaryotes are not contiguous strings but contain introns , and that the splicing of messenger RNA to delete those introns can occur in different ways , yielding different proteins from the same DNA sequence '' .
He co-discovered gene splicing , and shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Richard Roberts for `` the discovery that genes in eukaryotes are not contiguous strings but contain introns , and that the splicing of pre-messenger RNA to delete those introns can occur in different ways , yielding different proteins from the same DNA sequence '' .
Phillip Allen Sharp ( born June 6 , 1944 ) is an American geneticist and molecular biologist who co-discovered RNA splicing .
Phillip Allen Sharp ( born June 6 , 1944 ) is an American geneticist and molecular biologist .
Sharp was born in Falmouth , Kentucky , the son of Kathrin ( Colvin ) and Joseph Walter Sharp .
Sharp was born in Falmouth , Kentucky .
Grant County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin .
Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin .
They wear a bright orange leash , collar and harness to identify them , and carry with them an issued ID .
They wear a bright orange leash , collar and harness to identify them , and carry with them an official ID .
In the United Kingdom , hearing dogs wear distinctive burgundy jackets bearing the logo of the charity ( Hearing Dogs for Deaf People ) which trains and funds them .
In the United Kingdom , hearing dogs wear distinctive jackets , which are burgundy ( the color of red wine ) and have the logo of the charity which trains and pays for the dogs .
Hearing dogs may be trained professionally in as little as three months , though many are trained for closer to a year .
Most hearing dogs are professionally trained , but people may choose to train a hearing dog themselves .
They may also work outside the home , alerting to such sounds such as sirens , forklifts and a person calling the handler 's name .
The hearing dogs may work outside their owner 's home and be trained to hear sounds like sirens , forklifts and a person calling the owner 's name .
A hearing dog is a type of assistance dog specifically selected and trained to assist people who are deaf or hard of hearing by alerting their handler to important sounds , such as doorbells , smoke alarms , ringing telephones , or alarm clocks .
A hearing dog is a special type of assistance dog that has been trained to help deaf people and people who have hearing problems .
Hearing dogs often wear a bright orange leash and collar to identify them .
Hearing dogs may wear a brightly colored collar and leash .
Some also wear a cape or jacket , which may or may not be orange .
They can also wear a cape or jacket to make it easier to identify them .
They may also be taught to physically alert to and\/or lead away from a sound , such as in the case of a fire alarm .
They may also be taught to respond to and\/or lead away from a sound : For example , in the case of a fire alarm , the dog will usually drop to the floor , instead of leading the owner towards the alarm , which would be dangerous .
Charles Marie de La Condamine is credited with introducing samples of rubber to the Académie Royale des Sciences of France in 1736 .
Charles Marie de La Condamine presented samples of rubber to the Académie Royale des Sciences of France in 1736 .
In 1751 , he presented a paper by François Fresneau to the Académie ( eventually published in 1755 ) which described many of the properties of rubber .
In 1751 François Fresneau read a paper to the Académie ( eventually published in 1755 ) which described many of the properties of rubber .
Liberia and Nigeria also started production of rubber .
Liberia and Nigeria also started growing trees to make rubber .
The first commercial Hevea plantations in India were established at Thattekadu in Kerala in 1902 .
The first Hevea farms in India were made at Thattekadu in Kerala in 1902 .
In England , Joseph Priestley , in 1770 , observed that a piece of the material was extremely good for rubbing off pencil marks on paper , hence the name `` rubber '' .
In 1770 , British chemist Joseph Priestley noticed that rubber was very good for removing pencil marks on paper .
Only 2,400 of these germinated after which the seedlings were then sent to India , Ceylon ( Sri Lanka ) , Indonesia , Singapore , and British Malaya .
In 1876 Henry Wickham got a lot of seeds from rubber trees in Brazil , and took them to Kew Gardens , England , and sent them to Ceylon ( Sri Lanka ) , Indonesia , Singapore and British Malaya .
Malaya ( now Peninsular Malaysia ) was later to become the biggest producer of rubber .
Later , Malaya ( now Malaysia ) made the most rubber .
Rubber latex is extracted from rubber trees .
To tell if rubber is made from sap from a tree or from mineral oil , sometimes people will call the rubber from sap ` gum rubber ' .
The major commercial source of natural rubber latex is the Pará rubber tree ( Hevea brasiliensis ) , a member of the spurge family , Euphorbiaceae .
Hevea brasiliensis is the tree that most rubber comes from .
PFAW has been active in recent years in battles over judicial nominations and on issues including school class size , and actively support such proposals as the separation of church and state , civil rights , voting rights for Washington , DC in the U.S. Congress and equal rights for lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgendered ( LGBT ) people and promotion of civic participation .
Issues that it involves itself in are judicial nominations , church\/state separation , civil rights , voting rights for Washington , DC in the U.S. Congress and equal rights for lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgendered ( LGBT ) people and promotion of civic participation .
The `` Our Mission and Vision '' page on their website states : People For the American Way is dedicated to making the promise of America real for every American : Equality .
PFAW says about its purpose on its website People For the American Way is dedicated to making the promise of America real for every American : Equality .
The following year , Knight began a 28-mural series for Chicago 's Field Museum of Natural History , a project which chronicled the history of life on earth and took four years to complete .
The following year , Knight began a 28-mural series for Chicago 's Field Museum of Natural History , a project which showed the history of life on earth and took four years to complete .
Knight 's work also found its way to the Carnegie Museums in Pittsburgh the Smithsonian Institution , and Yale 's Peabody Museum of Natural History , among others .
Knight 's work also found its way to the Carnegie Museums in Pittsburgh ; the Smithsonian Institution , Washington D.C. ; and Yale 's Peabody Museum of Natural History , among others .
Several zoos , such as the Bronx Zoo , the Lincoln Park Zoo , and the Brookfield Zoo , also approached Knight to paint murals of their living animals , and Knight enthusiastically complied .
Several zoos , such as the Bronx Zoo , the Lincoln Park Zoo , and the Brookfield Zoo , also got Knight to paint murals of their living animals .
This confrontation scene between a predator and its prey would inspire a huge number of imitations , establishing the two dinosaurs as `` mortal enemies '' in the popular consciousness .
This confrontation scene between a predator and its prey would inspire many imitations , establishing the two dinosaurs as ` mortal enemies ' in the popular consciousness .
Charles Robert Knight ( October 21 , 1874 in Brooklyn - April 15 , 1953 in Manhattan ) was an American artist best known for his influential paintings of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals .
Charles Robert Knight ( Brooklyn , October 21 , 1874 - Manhattan , April 15 , 1953 ) was an American artist famous for his paintings of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals .
His works have been reproduced in many books and are currently on display at several major museums in the United States .
His works were reproduced in many books , and are on display at several major museums in the United States .
In 1925 , for example , Knight produced an elaborate mural for the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County which portrayed some of the birds and mammals whose remains had been found in the nearby La Brea Tar Pits .
In 1925 Knight produced an elaborate mural for the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County .
His paintings were hugely popular among visitors , and Knight continued to work with the museum well until the 1930s , painting what would become some of the world 's most celebrated images of dinosaurs , prehistoric mammals , and prehistoric humans .
He painted what would become some of the most celebrated images of dinosaurs , prehistoric mammals , and prehistoric humans .
In his free time , Knight visited the American Museum of Natural History , attracting the attention of Dr. Jacob Wortman , who asked Knight to paint a restoration of a prehistoric pig , Elotherium , whose fossilized bones were on display .
In his free time , Knight visited the American Museum of Natural History , and attracted the attention of Dr. Jacob Wortman .
One of Knight 's best-known pieces for the American Museum of Natural History is 1897 's Leaping Laelaps , which was one of the few pre-1960s images to present dinosaurs as active , fast-moving creatures ( thus anticipating the `` Dinosaur Renaissance '' theories of modern paleontologists like Robert Bakker ) .
One of Knight 's best-known pieces for the American Museum of Natural History is 1897 's Leaping Laelaps , one of the few pre-1960s images to present dinosaurs as active , fast-moving creatures .
While making murals for museums and zoos , Knight continued illustrating books and magazines , and became a frequent contributor to National Geographic .
Knight illustrated books and magazines , and became a frequent contributor to National Geographic .
After Knight established a reputation at the American Museum of Natural History , other natural history museums began requesting paintings for their own fossil exhibits .
Soon , natural history museums throughout the country began asking Knight for paintings as background for their own fossil exhibits .
Wortman was thrilled with the final result , and the museum soon commissioned Knight to produce an entire series of watercolors to grace their fossil halls .
Soon the museum commissioned Knight to produce a series of watercolors for their fossil halls .
Unification or Death ( Serbian : Уједињење или смрт , Ujedinjenje ili smrt ) , unofficially known as the Black Hand ( Црна рука , Crna ruka ) , was a secret military society formed on 6 September 1901 by members of the Serbian Army in the Kingdom of Serbia .
Black Hand or Crna Ruka , officially Ujedinjenje ili Smrt ( `` Unification or Death '' ) was a secret group of Serbian nationalists ( Pan-Serbians ) .
In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually .
In biology , cloning is the process of producing one or more genetically-identical individuals .
In music , a whole tone scale is a scale in which each note is separated from its neighbors by the interval of a whole step .
In music , a whole tone scale is a scale in which each note is separated from the next one by the interval of a whole tone .
The whole tone scale was also used by Alban Berg in his Violin Concerto ( the last four notes of the 12-tone row he used are B , C ♯ , E ♭ and F , which , together with the first note , G , comprise 5 of the 6 notes of the scale ) and by Béla Bartók in his Fifth String Quartet .
Later composers to use it include Alban Berg in his Violin Concerto , and Béla Bartók in his String Quartet No. 5 .
He was made a full professor in 1981 .
He became a full professor in 1981 .
He earned a bachelor 's degree in history from Hamilton College in 1961 , a master 's degree in history from New York University awarded a master 's degree in 1965 and he received his doctorate in history from Yale in 1971 .
He earned a BA degree in history from Hamilton College in 1961 .
Families that may be carriers of inversions may be offered genetic counseling and genetic testing .
Families that are carriers of inversions may be offered genetic counselling and testing .
Castling is a move in the game of chess involving a player 's king and either of the player 's original rooks .
Castling is a special move in chess that uses both a rook and the king .
In economics , a bad is the opposite of a good .
In macroeconomics and accounting , a good is contrasted with a service .
Five classical groups of opsins are involved in vision , mediating the conversion of a photon of light into an electrochemical signal , the first step in the visual transduction cascade .
Five groups of opsins are involved in vision , mediating the conversion of a photon of light into an electrochemical signal , the first step in the visual transduction cascade .
William Harris Crawford ( February 24 , 1772 - September 15 , 1834 ) was an American politician and judge during the early 19th century .
William Harris Crawford ( February 24 , 1772-September 15 , 1834 ) was an important American politician , as well as a judge , during the early 19th century .
Tresca alleged that , before she had disappeared , Poyntz had talked to him about her disgust over Joseph Stalin 's Great Terror .
Tresca said that , before she had disappeared , Poyntz had talked to him about her disgust over Joseph Stalin 's Great Terror .
In early 1938 Tresca publicly accused the Soviets of kidnapping Juliet Stuart Poyntz to prevent her defection from the Communist Party USA underground apparatus .
In early 1938 Tresca publicly accused the Soviets of kidnapping Juliet Poyntz to prevent her defection from the Communist Party USA .
Others have theorized that Tresca was eliminated by the NKVD as retribution for criticism of the Stalin regime of the Soviet Union .
Others have thought that Tresca was eliminated by the NKVD because of the criticism of the Stalin regime of the Soviet Union .
Prior to this , Tresca had supported the Bolsheviks , reasoning that a communist state was preferable to a capitalist state , regarding Soviet Communists as allies in the fight against Fascism .
Before to this , Tresca had supported the Bolsheviks , with the excuse of that a Communist state was preferable to a capitalist state .
Carlo Tresca ( March 9 , 1879 - January 11 , 1943 ) was an Italian-born American newspaper editor , orator , and labor organizer who was a leader of the Industrial Workers of the World during the decade of the 1910s .
Carlo Tresca ( 1879 - January 11 , 1943 New York City ) was an Italian-born American anarchist , newspaper editor , and labor agitator .
It is edited by Niall Stokes .
It is currently edited by Niall Stokes .
Polyphaga comprises 144 families in 16 superfamilies , and displays an enormous variety of specialization and adaptation , with over 300,000 described species , or approximately 90 % of the beetle species so far discovered .
Polyphaga has 144 families in 16 superfamilies , and shows an enormous variety of specialization and adaptation .
Polyphaga is the largest and most diverse suborder of beetles ; the name is derived from two Greek words : poly - , meaning ` many ' , and phagein , meaning ` to eat ' , so the suborder is called the `` eaters of many things '' .
The name is got from two Greek words : poly - , meaning ` many ' , and phagein , meaning ` to eat ' , so the suborder is called the `` eaters of many things '' .
The route parallels the Appalachian Mountains for much of its route through Tennessee and Virginia , serving such cities as the twin cities of Bristol , Tennessee and Bristol , Virginia , Roanoke , Blacksburg , Lexington , Staunton , Harrisonburg , and Winchester .
The route follows the Appalachian Mountains for much of its route through Tennessee and Virginia , serving such cities as the twin cities of Bristol , Tennessee and Bristol , Virginia , Roanoke , Blacksburg , Lexington , Staunton , Harrisonburg , and Winchester .
The route ends at the Canadian border at the Thousand Islands Bridge , where it crosses the St. Lawrence River , continuing as a short connector , Highway 137 , which crosses the Thousand Islands Parkway before ending at Highway 401 .
The route ends at the Canadian border at the Thousand Islands Bridge , where it crosses the St. Lawrence River , continuing as a short connector , Highway 137 , which serves the Thousand Islands Parkway and Highway 401 .
Interstate 81 passes through the state of Maryland at one of its narrowest points , passing through the `` Hub City '' of Hagerstown where it intersects with a large number of other routes .
It then crosses the state of Maryland at one of its narrowest points , passing through the `` Hub City '' of Hagerstown where it intersects with a large number of other routes .
It parallels its older counterpart , U.S. Route 11 , for its entire length in Virginia .
It follows its older counterpart , U.S. Route 11 , for its entire length in Virginia .
It parallels U.S. Route 11 in a north-south direction , through much of the state , serving the cities of Syracuse ( where it intersects the New York State Thruway ) , and Watertown .
It serves the cities of Syracuse ( where it intersects the New York State Thruway ) , and Watertown .
Interstate 81 forms a major north-south corridor through the state of Pennsylvania , serving the boroughs of Chambersburg and Carlisle , where it meets the Pennsylvania Turnpike ( I-76 ) but does not directly interchange with it ( motorists must use US 11 to connect ) .
Interstate 81 forms a major north-south corridor through the state of Pennsylvania , serving the boroughs of Chambersburg and Carlisle , where it meets the Pennsylvania Turnpike .
Interstate 81 begins in Tennessee at Interstate 40 in Dandridge , a route that connects to Knoxville to the west and Asheville to the east .
Interstate 81 begins in Tennessee at Interstate 40 in Dandridge .
Interstate 81 briefly enters the eastern panhandle of West Virginia , serving the city of Martinsburg for about 26 miles ( 41.84 km ) .
Interstate 81 briefly enters the eastern panhandle of West Virginia , serving the city of Martinsburg .
Interstate 81 ( abbreviated I-81 ) is an Interstate Highway in the eastern part of the United States .
Interstate 81 is a north-south interstate in the eastern United States .
In Harrisonburg , I-81 cuts through James Madison University .
In Harrisonburg , I-81 cuts through the James Madison University campus .
However , in the case of Rhea , the electron plasma started to drop off slightly at eight times that distance , and decreased gradually until the expected sharp drop off as Cassini entered Rhea 's plasma shadow .
However , in the case of Rhea , the electron plasma started to drop off at eight times that distance , and decreased gradually until the expected sharp drop off as Cassini entered Rhea 's plasma shadow .
In those cases , there was an abrupt cutoff of energetic electrons as Cassini crossed into the moons ' plasma shadows ( the regions where the moons themselves blocked the magnetospheric plasma from reaching Cassini ) .
In those cases , there was a cutoff of energetic electrons as Cassini crossed into the moons ' plasma shadows ( the regions where the moons themselves blocked the magnetospheric plasma from reaching Cassini ) .
These symmetric dips bear some similarity to the method by which the Rings of Uranus were discovered in 1977 .
These symmetric dips bear some similarity to the way by which the Rings of Uranus were found in 1977 .
Therefore the discoverers , led by Geraint Jones of the Cassini MIMI team , argue that the depletions must be caused by solid particles orbiting Rhea : The simplest explanation for the symmetrical punctuations in plasma flow are `` extended arcs or rings of material '' orbiting Rhea in its equatorial plane .
Therefore the finders , led by Geraint Jones of the Cassini MIMI team , argue that the decrease of electrons must be caused by solid particles orbiting Rhea : The simplest explanation for the symmetrical punctuations in plasma flow are `` extended arcs or rings of material '' orbiting Rhea in its equatorial plane .
There are no images or direct observations of the material thought to be absorbing the plasma , but the likely candidates would be difficult to detect directly .
There are no images or direct sightings of the material thought to be absorbing the plasma , but the likely candidates would be difficult to detect directly .
In addition , the Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument ( MIMI ) observed that this gentle gradient was punctuated by three sharp drops in plasma flow on each side of the moon , a pattern that was also nearly symmetrical .
In addition , the Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument ( MIMI ) saw that this gentle gradient was punctuated by three sharp drops in plasma flow on each side of the moon , a pattern that was also nearly symmetric .
It passed within 500 km of Rhea 's surface , downstream of Saturn 's magnetic field , and observed the resulting plasma wake as it had with other moons , such as Dione and Tethys .
It passed within 500 km of Rhea 's surface , downstream of Saturn 's magnetic field , and saw the resulting plasma wake as it had with other moons , such as Dione and Tethys .
Several suggestions have been made for the possible origin of rings .
Many suggestions have been made for the possible origin of rings .
Furthermore , a ring of boulders would be expected to generate dust that would likely have been seen in the images .
Furthermore , a ring made of boulders would be expected to generate dust that would likely have been seen in the images .
Suggestions include moonlets or clumps of material within the disk , similar to those observed within Saturn 's A ring .
Suggestions include moonlets or clumps of material within the disk , similar to those seen within Saturn 's A ring .
These readings are similar to those of Enceladus , where water venting from its south pole absorbs the electron plasma .
These readings are similar to those of Enceladus , where water coming out from its south pole absorbs the electron plasma .
In August 2007 , Cassini passed through Rhea 's plasma shadow again , but further downstream .
In August 2007 , Cassini passed through Rhea 's plasma shadow again , but farther downstream .
Given the possibility of long-term orbital stability , however , it is possible that they survive from the formation of Rhea itself .
Given their long-term orbital stability , however , it is possible that they survive from the formation of Rhea itself .
These measurements , which were never explained , were made at a greater distance than the Cassini data .
These measurements , which were never explained , were made at a farther distance than the Cassini data .
No rings have been seen in images , which puts a very low limit on dust-sized particles .
No rings have been seen in images , which puts a very low limit at least on tiny dust-sized particles .
Not all scientists are convinced that the observed signatures are caused by a ring system .
However , not all scientists are convinced that the seen signatures are caused by a ring system .
The obvious candidates for magnetospheric plasma-absorbing matter are neutral gas and dust , but the quantities required to explain the observed depletion are far greater than Cassini 's measurements allow .
The obvious candidates for magnetospheric plasma-absorbing matter are neutral gas and dust , but the quantities required to explain the seen decrease in electrons are far higher than Cassini 's measurements allow .
Voyager 1 observed a broad depletion of energetic electrons trapped in Saturn 's magnetic field downstream from Rhea in 1980 .
Voyager 1 saw an area without as many energetic electrons trapped in Saturn 's magnetic field downstream from Rhea in 1980 .
The potential discovery was announced in the journal Science on March 6 , 2008 .
The discovery was announced in the journal Science on March 6 2008 .
According to the discovery team , the pattern of depletion is best explained by assuming the electrons are absorbed by solid material in the form of an equatorial disk , which contains within it several denser rings or arcs , of particles perhaps several decimeters to approximately a meter in diameter .
According to the discovery team , this is best explained by assuming they were absorbed by solid material in the form of an equatorial disk having denser rings or arcs , with particles perhaps many decimeters to about a meter in diameter .
In November 2005 the Cassini orbiter found that Saturn 's magnetosphere is depleted of energetic electrons near Rhea .
In November of 2005 the Cassini orbiter found that Saturn 's magnetosphere near Rhea did not have energetic electrons .
An impact could have ejected material into orbit ; this could have happened as recently as 70 million years ago .
An impact could have brought material into orbit ; this could have happened as recently as 70 million years ago .
Cassini 's flyby trajectory makes interpretation of the magnetic readings difficult .
Cassini 's flyby path makes interpretation of the magnetic readings difficult .
The Saturnian moon Rhea may have a tenuous ring system consisting of three narrow , relatively dense bands within a particulate disk .
The Saturnian moon Rhea may have a thin ring system with three narrow bands in a disk of solid particles .
Australian children 's book author and illustrator Irena Sibley produced three Easter Bilby books between 1994 and 2000 including the best selling The Bilbies ' First Easter , published by Silver Gum Press in 1994 .
Australian children 's book author and illustrator Irena Sibley produced three Easter Bilby books between 1994 and 2000 including the best selling The Bilbies ' First Easter .
Bilbies are native Australian marsupials that are endangered .
Bilbies are an endangered species of Australian marsupials .
The first documented use of the Easter Bilby concept was in March 1968 when a 9 year old girl Rose-Marie Dusting , wrote a story , `` Billy The Aussie Easter Bilby , '' which she published as a book 11 years later .
Author Rose-Marie Dusting wrote a book in 1979 called Billy , the Aussie Easter Bilby .
In 2003 , Stump and his fellow band members went on to sign with Island Records , and released the acoustic-based EP My Heart Will Always Be the B-Side to My Tongue CD and DVD in 2004 to hold fans over while the group recorded their major label debut .
In 2003 , Stump and his band mates went on to sign with Island Records , and released the acoustic-based EP My Heart Will Always Be the B-Side to My Tongue CD and DVD in 2004 .
He released his debut six-song EP titled Truant Wave on February 22 , 2011 .
On February 22 , 2011 , he released his first EP , Truant Wave .
One is called `` Spotlight ( Oh Nostalgia ) '' , and the other is called `` Spotlight ( New Regrets ) '' , with download links for both songs .
He released his first solo song `` Spotlight ( song ) '' in two versions , `` Spotlight ( Oh Nostalgia ) '' and `` Spotlight ( New Regrets ) '' on November 29 , 2010 .