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def buffer_to_bytes(buf): """Cast a buffer object to bytes""" if not isinstance(buf, bytes): buf = bytes(buf) return buf
def s2n_motorola(str): """Extract multibyte integer in Motorola format (little endian).""" x = 0 for c in str: x = (x << 8) | ord(c) return x
def split_multiple(value): """Used to split multiple terms separated by comma (e.g. keywords).""" result = list() for item in value.split(','): item = item.strip() if item: result.append(item) return result
def is_object_ref(d): """ Checks if a dictionary is a reference object. The dictionary is considered to be a reference object when it contains non-empty 'id' and 'type' fields. :type d: dict :return: True if passed dictionary is a reference object, otherwise False """ has_id = 'id' in d.keys() and d['id'] has_type = 'type' in d.keys() and d['type'] return has_id and has_type
def validate_value(arg): """Function: validate_value Description: Test function. Arguments: (input) arg """ return arg == "value"
def _get_matching_stream(smap, itag): """ Return the url and signature for a stream matching itag in smap. """ for x in smap: if x['itag'] == itag and x.get("s"): return x['url'], x['s'] raise IOError("Sorry this video is not currently supported by pafy")
def readable_timedelta(days): """Print the number of weeks and days in a number of days.""" #to get the number of weeks we use integer division weeks = days // 7 #to get the number of days that remain we use %, the modulus operator remainder = days % 7 return "{} week(s) and {} day(s).".format(weeks, remainder)
def find_first_different_block(cipher_bytes1, cipher_bytes2, block_size): """ If there are differences in cipher_bytes (in a block), return index of 1st byte in that block. If they are the same, return -1. If they have different length, and everything is the same (except those longer blocks), return index of 1st byte in longer block, which is len(shorter_byte) + 1 """ # make sure byte2 is the shorter block if len(cipher_bytes2) > len(cipher_bytes1): cipher_bytes1, cipher_bytes2 = cipher_bytes2, cipher_bytes1 # compare for start in range(0, len(cipher_bytes2), block_size): end = start + block_size if cipher_bytes1[start:end] != cipher_bytes2[start:end]: return start # everything is equal, check their length if len(cipher_bytes2) == len(cipher_bytes1): return -1 else: return len(cipher_bytes2) + 1
def deltafmt(delta, decimals=None): """ Returns a human readable representation of a time with the format: [[[Ih]Jm]K[.L]s For example: 6h5m23s If "decimals" is specified, the seconds will be output with that many decimal places. If not, there will be two places for times less than 1 minute, one place for times less than 10 minutes, and zero places otherwise """ try: delta = float(delta) except: return '(bad delta: %s)' % delta if delta < 60: if decimals is None: decimals = 2 return ("{0:." + str(decimals) + "f}s").format(delta) mins = int(delta / 60) secs = delta - mins * 60 if delta < 600: if decimals is None: decimals = 1 return ("{0:d}m{1:." + str(decimals) + "f}s").format(mins, secs) if decimals is None: decimals = 0 hours = int(mins / 60) mins -= hours * 60 if delta < 3600: return "{0:d}m{1:.0f}s".format(mins, secs) else: return ("{0:d}h{1:d}m{2:." + str(decimals) + "f}s").format(hours, mins, secs)
def interp2(x, xdata, ydata): # --DC """LINEAR INTERPOLATION/EXTRAPOLATION GIVEN TWO DATA POINTS""" m = (ydata[1] - ydata[0]) / (xdata[1] - xdata[0]) b = ydata[1] - m * xdata[1] y = m * x + b return y
def flatten(obj, path=""): """Flatten nested dicts into hierarchical keys.""" result = {} if isinstance(obj, dict): for key, item in obj.items(): result.update(flatten(item, path=(path + "." if path else "") + key.lower())) elif isinstance(obj, (str, int, float, bool)): result[path] = obj return result
def shortest_path_from_list(file_name, name_list): """ Determines the shortest path to a file in a list of candidates. Args: file_name: A string specifying the name of the matching candidates. name_list: A list of strings specifying paths. Returns: A string specifying the candidate with the shortest path or None. """ candidates = [path for path in name_list if path.split('/')[-1] == file_name] if not candidates: return None shortest_path = candidates[0] for candidate in candidates: if len(candidate.split('/')) < len(shortest_path.split('/')): shortest_path = candidate return shortest_path
def cucdiv(real1, imag1, real2, imag2): """ Compute the quotient of the given complex numbers. Assuming that `x` is the complex number composed of the real part `real1` and imaginary part `imag1`, while `y` consists of `real2` and `imag2`, the result is computed by the equation `x / y`. """ divisor = real2 * real2 + imag2 * imag2 res_real = (real1 * real2 + imag1 * imag2) / divisor res_imag = (imag1 * real2 - real1 * imag2) / divisor return res_real, res_imag
def is_valid_unknown_header(header): """Check whether characters of a header are all valid. :type header: str :rtype : bool :param header: The header. :return: True if so. """ # Construct valid characters. valid_char = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" # Check all characters. for ch in header: if valid_char.find(ch) == -1: return False return True
def pad_string(string: str, length: int) -> str: """Pads a string to specified length. Args: string: the text string to be padded with spaces length: the length of the returned string Returns: A string exactly length characters long. This is a helper function to hide the messy ljust()[] syntax, which is needed many places in pyfind because of the re-use of a single console line for running status information about which folders are being searched. """ return string[:length].ljust(length)
def maxProfit(prices): """ :type prices: List[int] :rtype: int """ total = 0 for i in range(len(prices) - 1): total += max(prices[i + 1] - prices[i], 0) return total
def link_parse(link, page_type): """Returns the owner and album ids for an album or the screen name of either user or group page. Parameters: ----------- :link: str, e.g. https://vk.com/album11111_111111111 or https://vk.com/club1; :page_type: str, one of {'album', 'user', 'group'}; :returns: str or tuple of ints, e.g. 'club1' or (11111, 111111111) """ link_end = link.split('/')[-1] if page_type == 'album': ids = link_end.split('album')[1].split('_') return int(ids[0]), int(ids[1]) else: return link_end
def list_dim(lst): """ Function to return the dimension of a list (e.g. nested list). """ if not type(lst) == list: return 0 return len(lst) + list_dim(lst[0])
def fix_thread_string(tstr): """ Takes a string with numbers separated by period and possibly with / at end, and outputs a string with 3 digit numbers separated by periods. """ remove_slash = lambda s: s[:-1] if s[-1] == '/' else s three_digits = lambda s: "%03d" % int(s) return '.'.join( map(three_digits, map(remove_slash, tstr.split('.'))))
def filter_today_probs(done, today_probs): """Filter today's problems from done.""" today_prob_id = set(x[0] for x in today_probs) done = list(filter(lambda x: x[0] not in today_prob_id, done)) return done
def sim_avg(terms1, terms2, sem_sim): """Similarity between two term sets based on average """ sims = [] for t1 in terms1: for t2 in terms2: sim = sem_sim(t1, t2) if sim is not None: sims.append(sim) if not sims: return return round(sum(sims) / len(sims), 3)
def dir_filter(item): """ Accept each item which doesn't start with _ :type item: str :param item: a string item to filter :return: true if item doesn't start with _ """ return not item.startswith("_")
def HasCombine(r): """Whether structure involves Combine predicate.""" if isinstance(r, dict): member_index = sorted(r.keys()) elif isinstance(r, list): member_index = range(len(r)) else: assert False, ( 'HasCombine should be called on list or dict. Got: %s' % str(r)) if isinstance(r, dict): if 'predicate_name' in r and r['predicate_name'] == 'Combine': return True for k in member_index: if isinstance(r[k], dict) or isinstance(r[k], list): if HasCombine(r[k]): return True return False
def relative_index(list_, value): """ Returns on which the given `value` would be inserted into the given list. Parameters ---------- list_ : `list` of `Any` The list o which value would be inserted. value : `Any` The value what would be inserted. Returns ------- relative_index : `int` """ bot = 0 top = len(list_) while True: if bot < top: half = (bot+top)>>1 if list_[half] < value: bot = half+1 else: top = half continue return bot
def inverse(a, n, strict = True): """ Compute the inverse of a modulo n using the Extended Euclidean algorithm. If strict is True (default), raises an error if a is not invertible. Otherwise, a number b is output such that a*b % n == gcd(a, b). """ b, x, y = n, 0, 1 while a != 0: k = int(b // a) b, a, x, y = a, b - k*a, y, x - k*y if strict and b not in [-1, 1]: raise ValueError("input not invertible") return (b*x) % n
def compute_border_indices(J, i0, i1): """ Computes border indices at all scales which correspond to the original signal boundaries after padding. At the finest resolution, original_signal = padded_signal[..., i0:i1]. This function finds the integers i0, i1 for all temporal subsamplings by 2**J, being conservative on the indices. Parameters ---------- J : int maximal subsampling by 2**J i0 : int start index of the original signal at the finest resolution i1 : int end index (excluded) of the original signal at the finest resolution Returns ------- ind_start, ind_end: dictionaries with keys in [0, ..., J] such that the original signal is in padded_signal[ind_start[j]:ind_end[j]] after subsampling by 2**j """ ind_start = {0: i0} ind_end = {0: i1} for j in range(1, J + 1): ind_start[j] = (ind_start[j - 1] // 2) + (ind_start[j - 1] % 2) ind_end[j] = (ind_end[j - 1] // 2) + (ind_end[j - 1] % 2) return ind_start, ind_end
def ping_parser(line): """When Twitch pings, the server ,ust pong back or be dropped.""" if line == 'PING :tmi.twitch.tv': return 'PONG :tmi.twitch.tv' return None
def create_unique(dic): """ create unique identifier from the dict """ return dict(zip(range(1, len(dic.keys()) + 1), dic.keys()))
def type_name(cls): """Get the name of a class.""" if not cls: return '(none)' return '{}.{}'.format(cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
def linear_range_transform(tensor, from_range, to_range): """ Linearly interpolate from the from_range into to_range. For example, if from_range = (0,1), and to_range=(-2, 5), then 0 is mapped to -2 and 1 is mapped to 5, and all the values in-between are linearly interpolated. * tensor: a numpy or Pytorch tensor, or a scalar. """ fmin, fmax = from_range tmin, tmax = to_range return (tensor - fmin) / float(fmax - fmin) * (tmax - tmin) + tmin
def parse_rule(l, cats): """Parses a sound change rule or category. Given a line l with the format 'a > b / c_d ! e_f', produces a dict of the form { 'from': 'a', 'to': 'b', 'before': 'c', 'after': 'd', 'unbefore': 'e', 'unafter': 'f' }. If l is of the form 'a > b / c_d ! e_f | g > h / i_j ! k_l', the output is a list of the '|' delimited rules. If l is of the form 'a = b c d', the output is a dict of the form { 'cat_name': 'a', 'category': ['b', 'c', 'd'] }. Category names in curly brackets are expanded. Args: l: The line of text to parse. cats: The dict of categories to use in the rule. Returns: A dict representing either a sound change rule or category, or a list of several sound changes. """ word_start = r'(?<=^|\s)' word_end = r'(?=$|\s)' out = {} if len(l.split(' = ')) == 2: # If there is an equals sign, it's a category out['cat_name'] = l.split(' = ')[0].strip() category = l.split(' = ')[1] # expand categories for c in cats: category = category.replace('{' + c + '}', ' '.join(cats[c])) out['category'] = category.split() else: if len(l.split(' | ')) > 1: # It's a list of sound changes return [parse_rule(ll, cats) for ll in l.split(' | ')] # Otherwise, it's a sound change rule try: # Attempt to set 'from' and 'to'. If there isn't a ' > ', it will # raise an IndexError when trying to set 'to', so 'from' will be # set, but 'to' will not. This could be used when parsing a rule to # be used as a search pattern, and not as a sound change. Need to # split on ' / ' and ' ! ' in case it is being used in this way. out['from'] = l.split(' > ')[0].split(' / ')[0].split(' ! ')[0] # Treat '0' like '' if out['from'] == '0': out['from'] = '' out['to'] = l.split(' > ')[1].split(' / ')[0].split(' ! ')[0] # Treat '0' like '' if out['to'] == '0': out['to'] = '' except IndexError: pass try: # Attempt to set 'before' and 'after'. If there isn't a ' / ', it # will raise an IndexError, and neither will be set. If there isn't # a '_', it will raise an IndexError when trying to set 'after', so # 'before' will be set, but 'after' will not. out['before'] = l.split(' / ')[1].split('_')[0].split(' ! ')[0] out['before'] = out['before'].replace('#', word_start) out['after'] = l.split(' / ')[1].split('_')[1].split(' ! ')[0] out['after'] = out['after'].replace('#', word_end) except IndexError: pass try: # Attempt to set 'unbefore' and 'unafter'. Same comments apply as # for 'before' and 'after'. Note that the negative conditions must # come after the positive conditions, if both exist. out['unbefore'] = l.split(' ! ')[1].split('_')[0] out['unbefore'] = out['unbefore'].replace('#', word_start) out['unafter'] = l.split(' ! ')[1].split('_')[1] out['unafter'] = out['unafter'].replace('#', word_start) except IndexError: pass return out
def format_size(size_bytes): """ Format size in bytes approximately as B/kB/MB/GB/... >>> format_size(2094521) 2.1 MB """ if size_bytes < 1e3: return "{}B".format(size_bytes) elif size_bytes < 1e6: return "{:.1}kB".format(size_bytes / 1e3) elif size_bytes < 1e9: return "{:.1}MB".format(size_bytes / 1e6) elif size_bytes < 1e12: return "{:.1}GB".format(size_bytes / 1e9) else: return "{:.1}TB".format(size_bytes / 1e12)
def FunList(List): """[Takes list and prints it vertically assigning each item its index number on CLI] Args: List ([string]): [The items to be displayed] Returns: [string]: [a string displaying entries vertically with its indexes] """ rtnList = "\n" for i in range(len(List)): rtnList += f"{i+1} - {List[i]}\n" return rtnList
def method_2(lst): """ Using sum() function """ lst_sum = sum(lst) print(f'method 2: {lst_sum}') return lst_sum
def serialize(expr): """ Return code to write expression to buffer. :param expr str: string python expression that is evaluated for serialization :returns str: python call to write value returned by expr to serialization buffer """ return 'buff.write(%s)' % expr
def count_char(char, word): """Counts the characters in word""" return word.count(char) # If you want to do it manually try a for loop
def full_term_match(text, full_term, case_sensitive): """Counts the match for full terms according to the case_sensitive option """ if not case_sensitive: text = text.lower() full_term = full_term.lower() return 1 if text == full_term else 0
def dependency_mapping(dep): """ +-----------+-----------------------------------+ | EGrid Tag | Dependency Tag | +===========+===================================+ | S | nsub, csubj, csubjpass, dsubjpass | +-----------+-----------------------------------+ | O | iobj, obj, pobj, dobj | +-----------+-----------------------------------+ | X | For any other dependency tag | +-----------+-----------------------------------+ """ S = ['nsubj', 'csubj', 'csubjpass', 'dsubjpass'] O = ['iobj', 'obj', 'pobj', 'dobj'] if S.count(dep) == 1: return 'S' if O.count(dep) == 1: return 'O' return 'X'
def indexMultiple(x,value): """ Return indexes in x with multiple values. """ return [ i[0] for i in enumerate(x) if i[1] == value ]
def dec_to_bin(number): """ Returns the string representation of a binary number. :param number: int, base 10 :return: str, string representation base 2 >>> assert(dec_to_bin(10) == '1010') """ return '{0:b}'.format(number)
def opts_dd(lbl, value): """Format an individual item in a Dash dcc dropdown list. Args: lbl: Dropdown label value: Dropdown value Returns: dict: keys `label` and `value` for dcc.dropdown() """ return {'label': str(lbl), 'value': value}
def _merge_observation(accum_observation, observation): """ Old visual observation is discarded, because it is outdated frame. Text observations are merged, because they are messages sent from the rewarder. """ if observation is None: # We're currently masking. So accum_observation probably # belongs to the previous episode. We may lose a "text" # observation from the previous episode, but that's ok. return None elif accum_observation is None: # Nothing to merge together return observation accum_observation['vision'] = observation.get('vision') accum_observation['text'] = accum_observation.get('text', []) + observation.get('text', []) return accum_observation
def get_role_permission(role): """Common function for getting the permission froms arg This format is 'openstack.roles.xxx' and 'xxx' is a real role name. :returns: String like "openstack.roles.admin" If role is None, this will return None. """ return "openstack.roles.%s" % role.lower()
def parseMemory(memAttribute): """ Returns EC2 'memory' string as a float. Format should always be '#' GiB (example: '244 GiB' or '1,952 GiB'). Amazon loves to put commas in their numbers, so we have to accommodate that. If the syntax ever changes, this will raise. :param memAttribute: EC2 JSON memory param string. :return: A float representing memory in GiB. """ mem = memAttribute.replace(',', '').split() if mem[1] == 'GiB': return float(mem[0]) else: raise RuntimeError('EC2 JSON format has likely changed. Error parsing memory.')
def decode_lookup(key, dataset, description): """Convert a reference to a description to be used in data files""" if key in dataset: return dataset[key] else: decoded = input("Please enter {desc} for {key}: ".format(desc=description, key=key)) dataset[key] = decoded return decoded
def join_str_list(str_list): """Join a list of strings, handling spaces appropriately""" return "".join(s[2:] if s.startswith("##") else " " + s for s in str_list)
def imo_checksum(n): """ This function for IMO numbers that are designed as 7-digit integer number :param n: String or Integer, Number to be subject to a IMO-checksum test :return: Boolean, True for valid IMO number checksum, False for otherwise """ # # Cross check type of input, and the range of number # IMO number should be an integer with 7 digits try: n = int(n) except (ValueError, TypeError): return False if not (n >= 1000000) & (n <= 9999999): return False else: pass # # IMO checksum formula if ((n // 1000000 % 10) * 7 + (n // 100000 % 10) * 6 + (n // 10000 % 10) * 5 + (n // 1000 % 10) * 4 + (n // 100 % 10) * 3 + (n // 10 % 10) * 2) % 10 == (n % 10): return True else: return False
def underline(text): """Format a string in underline by overstriking.""" return ''.join(map(lambda ch: ch + "\b_", text))
def has_duplicates2(t): """Checks whether any element appears more than once in a sequence. Faster version using a set. t: sequence """ return len(set(t)) < len(t)
def strip_zip_suffix(filename): """ Helper function to strip suffix from filename. :param filename: This field is the name of file. """ if filename.endswith('.gz'): return filename[:-3] elif filename.endswith('.bz2'): return filename[:-4] else: return filename
def _calculate_checksum(bytestring): """Calculate the checksum used by OneTouch Ultra and Ultra2 devices Args: bytestring: the string of which the checksum has to be calculated. Returns: A string with the hexdecimal representation of the checksum for the input. The checksum is a very stupid one: it just sums all the bytes, modulo 16-bit, without any parity. """ checksum = 0 for byte in bytestring: checksum = (checksum + byte) & 0xffff return checksum
def fmt_time(val, missing, _trace, tzinfo): """Format timestamp.""" if val is None: return missing return (val.astimezone(tzinfo)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
def basic_ttr(n_terms, n_words): """ Type-token ratio (TTR) computed as t/w, where t is the number of unique terms/vocab, and w is the total number of words. (Chotlos 1944, Templin 1957) """ if n_words == 0: return 0 return n_terms / n_words
def linecount(doc: str, end: int, start: int = 0): """Returns the number of lines (by counting the number of newline characters \\n, with the first line being line number one) in the string *doc* between the positions *start* and *end*. """ return doc.count("\n", start, end) + 1
def find_innermost_brackets(formula): """Return the indices of (one of) the innermost bracketed term. Args: formula (list of str): The formula split at whitespace. Returns: int: The first index of the first innermost bracketed term. int: The last index +1 of the first innermost bracketed term. """ d = 0 d_max = 0 i_max = [0, len(formula)-1] inside = False for i, symb in enumerate(formula): if symb == "(": d += 1 if d > d_max: d_max = d i_max = [] inside = True elif symb == ")": d = max(d-1, 0) inside = False elif inside: i_max.append(i) return i_max[0], i_max[-1]+1
def get_user_credentials(username, env_config): """ Return email and pswd of specified user, as a tuple. """ user_email = env_config.get(username).get('email') user_pswd = env_config.get(username).get('pswd') return (user_email, user_pswd)
def update_schema_types(schema: dict, column_names: list, new_type: dict): """ Update entries within schema dictionary to reflect a common change across all rows in list (column_names) Parameters ---------- schema column_names list of names of keys within schema to assign new type to new_type type dictionary to update the schame entry to """ schema = schema.copy() for column_name in column_names: schema[column_name] = new_type return schema
def _get_hdr_values(extns, key): """ Helper function to get the all header values from a list of extensions. The return value is a dict keyed on the EXPID value. Parameters ---------- extns : iterable of :any:`astrodata.Astrodata` AstroData extensions to be examined key : str The FITS header key to find in the list of extensions """ return {x.hdr.get('EXPID'): x.hdr.get(key) for x in extns}
def build_production_array(arr: list) -> list: """ Parameters ----------- Returns --------- Notes ------ """ if not arr: return arr lenth = len(arr) out = [1] * lenth for i in range(1, lenth): out[i] = out[i-1] * arr[i-1] tmp = 1 for i in range(lenth-2, -1, -1): tmp *= arr[i+1] out[i] *= tmp return out
def parse_args(args): """ Takes the given args, parses them and return the arguments object :param args: :return: """ arguments = {} if args is not None: for argument in args: if '=' in argument: tmp = [a for a in argument.split('=', 1)] try: value = eval(tmp[1]) # todo: this seems dangerous except (NameError, SyntaxError): value = tmp[1] arguments[tmp[0]] = value else: arguments = eval(argument) return arguments
def bead_sort(sequence: list) -> list: """ >>> bead_sort([5, 4, 3, 2, 1]) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] >>> bead_sort([6, 11, 12, 4, 1, 5]) [1, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12] >>> bead_sort([9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 ,3, 2, 1]) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> bead_sort([5, 0, 4, 3]) [0, 3, 4, 5] """ if any(not isinstance(x, int) or x < 0 for x in sequence): raise TypeError("Sequence must be list of nonnegative integers") for _ in range(len(sequence)): for i, (rod_upper, rod_lower) in enumerate( zip(sequence, sequence[1:])): if rod_upper > rod_lower: sequence[i] -= rod_upper - rod_lower sequence[i + 1] += rod_upper - rod_lower return sequence
def normalize_api_params(params): """Normalize GitHub Issues API params to Search API. conventions: Issues API params | Search API converted values -------------------------|--------------------------------------- state | into q as "state:open", "state:closed" creator | into q as "author:username" mentioned | into q as "mentions:username" direction | order """ if 'direction' in params: params['order'] = params['direction'] del params['direction'] # these params need to be added to the "q" param as substrings if 'state' in params: state_param = ' state:' + params['state'] params['q'] += state_param del params['state'] if 'creator' in params: creator_param = ' author:' + params['creator'] params['q'] += creator_param del params['creator'] if 'mentioned' in params: mentioned_param = ' mentions:' + params['mentioned'] params['q'] += mentioned_param del params['mentioned'] return params
def recurse_fact(n): # n! can also be defined as n * (n-1)! """ calculates n! recursively """ if n <= 1: return 1 else: return n * recurse_fact(n - 1)
def get_label_buttons(label_buttons, endpoint, labels, collection, eid): """ Creates endpoints with the prefix 'endpoint' to assign qualitative analysis codes to a given document 'eid' in a given 'collection'. The codes are taken from 'labels' (typically part of the app config). Appends the new endpoints to an existing dictionary 'label_buttons'. """ label_buttons.setdefault(eid, []) for l in labels: d = {'url':'/%s/%s/%s/%s' % (endpoint, collection, eid, l[1]), 'name':l[0]} label_buttons[eid].append(d) return label_buttons
def hsla_to_rgba(h, s, l, a): """ 0 <= H < 360, 0 <= s,l,a < 1 """ h = h % 360 s = max(0, min(1, s)) l = max(0, min(1, l)) a = max(0, min(1, a)) c = (1 - abs(2*l - 1)) * s x = c * (1 - abs(h/60%2 - 1)) m = l - c/2 if h<60: r, g, b = c, x, 0 elif h<120: r, g, b = x, c, 0 elif h<180: r, g, b = 0, c, x elif h<240: r, g, b = 0, x, c elif h<300: r, g, b = x, 0, c else: r, g, b = c, 0, x return (int((r+m)*255), int((g+m)*255), int((b+m)*255), int(a*255))
def moeda_brasileira(numero, with_marker=True): """ Retorna uma string no formato de moeda brasileira """ if numero == None or numero == '': return '' try: contador = 0 preco_str = '' num = numero.__str__() if '.' in num: preco, centavos = num.split('.') else: preco = num centavos = '00' tamanho = len(preco) while tamanho > 0: preco_str = preco_str + preco[tamanho-1] contador += 1 if contador == 3 and tamanho > 1: preco_str = preco_str + '.' contador = 0 tamanho -= 1 tamanho = len(preco_str) str_preco = '' while tamanho > 0: str_preco = str_preco + preco_str[tamanho-1] tamanho -= 1 if with_marker: return "R$ %s,%s" % (str_preco, centavos) else: return "%s,%s" % (str_preco, centavos) except: return 'Erro. Nao foi possivel formatar.'
def to_array(string): """Converts a string to an array relative to its spaces. Args: string (str): The string to convert into array Returns: str: New array """ try: new_array = string.split(" ") # Convert the string into array while "" in new_array: # Check if the array contains empty strings new_array.remove("") return new_array except: print("The parameter string is not a str") return string
def split_numerical_value(numeric_value, splitVal): """ split numeric value on splitVal return sub ranges """ split_num = numeric_value.split(',') if len(split_num) <= 1: return split_num[0], split_num[0] else: low = split_num[0] high = split_num[1] # Fix 2,2 problem if low == splitVal: lvalue = low else: lvalue = low + ',' + splitVal if high == splitVal: rvalue = high else: rvalue = splitVal + ',' + high return lvalue, rvalue
def euclid_algorithm(area): """Return the largest square to subdivide area by.""" height = area[0] width = area[1] maxdim = max(height, width) mindim = min(height, width) remainder = maxdim % mindim if remainder == 0: return mindim else: return euclid_algorithm((mindim, remainder))
def gridify(n, f): """ e.g., (1.1243, 0.005) -> 1.120 """ return round(n / f) * f
def neuron_params(device_params, scale=1 << 6, p_scale=1 << 12): """Translates device parameters to neuron parameters. Parameters ---------- device_params : dictionary dictionary of device parameter specification. scale : int neuron scale value. Default value = 1 << 6. p_scale : int parameter scale value. Default value = 1 << 12 Returns ------- dictionary dictionary of neuron parameters that can be used to initialize neuron class. """ return { 'threshold': device_params['vThMant'] / scale, 'current_decay': device_params['iDecay'] / p_scale, 'voltage_decay': device_params['vDecay'] / p_scale, }
def create_zero_matrix(rows: int, columns: int) -> list: """ Creates a matrix rows * columns where each element is zero :param rows: a number of rows :param columns: a number of columns :return: a matrix with 0s e.g. rows = 2, columns = 2 --> [[0, 0], [0, 0]] """ if not isinstance(rows, int) or not isinstance(columns, int) or \ isinstance(rows, bool) or isinstance(columns, bool): return [] zero_matrix = [] num_columns = [0] * columns if num_columns: zero_matrix = [[0] * columns for _ in range(rows)] return zero_matrix
def configGet(cmap, tup): """ Answers the question, should we do this test, given this config file? Following the values of the tuple through the map, returning the first non-null value. If all values are null, return True (handles tests that may have been added after the config was generated). """ for name in tup: if not name in cmap: return True run = cmap[name]["run"] if "run" in cmap[name] else None if run != None: return run cmap = cmap[name]["sub"] if "sub" in cmap[name] else {} return True
def gen_marker(marker_id, marker_type, Point, Color, scale, text): """Place a marker of a given type and color at a given location""" marker = """ - header: seq: 1482 stamp: secs: 1556650754 nsecs: 179000000 frame_id: "world" ns: "thick_traj" id: %d type: %d action: 0 pose: position: x: %g y: %g z: %g orientation: x: 0.0 y: 0.0 z: 0.0 w: 1.0 scale: x: %g y: %g z: %g color: r: %g g: %g b: %g a: 1.0 lifetime: secs: 0 nsecs: 0 frame_locked: False text: "%s" mesh_resource: '' mesh_use_embedded_materials: False """ % \ (marker_id, marker_type, Point[0], Point[1], Point[2], scale, scale, scale, Color[0], Color[1], Color[2], text); return marker;
def get_array_info(subs, dictofsubs): """ Returns information needed to create and access members of the numpy array based upon the string names given to them in the model file. Parameters ---------- subs : Array of strings of subscripts These should be all of the subscript names that are needed to create the array dictofsubs : dictionary returns ------- A dictionary of the dimensions associating their names with their numpy indices directory = {'dimension name 1':0, 'dimension name 2':1} A list of the length of each dimension. Equivalently, the shape of the array: shape = [5,4] """ # subscript references here are lists of array 'coordinate' names if isinstance(subs,list): element=subs[0] else: element=subs # we collect the references used in each dimension as a set, so we can compare contents position=[] directory={} dirpos=0 elements=element.replace('!','').replace(' ','').split(',') for element in elements: if element in dictofsubs.keys(): if isinstance(dictofsubs[element],list): dir,pos = (get_array_info(dictofsubs[element][-1],dictofsubs)) position.append(pos[0]) directory[dictofsubs[element][-1]]=dirpos dirpos+=1 else: position.append(len(dictofsubs[element])) directory[element]=dirpos dirpos+=1 else: for famname,value in dictofsubs.iteritems(): try: (value[element]) except: pass else: position.append(len(value)) directory[famname]=dirpos dirpos+=1 return directory, position
def convert_f_to_k(temperature_f): """Convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin""" temperature_k = (temperature_f - 32) * (5/9) + 273.15 return temperature_k
def to_numbers(li_dig1, li_dig2, li_result): """ This function gets 3 lists of numbers which represent the operands' digits It returns the operands as integers """ dig1 = li_dig1[0] dig2 = li_dig2[0] result = li_result[0] for i in range(0, len(li_dig1) - 1): dig1 = dig1 * 10 + li_dig1[i + 1] dig2 = dig2 * 10 + li_dig2[i + 1] result = result * 10 + li_result[i + 1] return dig1, dig2, result
def cz_u(cL, U, cL_u = 0): """ This calculates the coefficient of force in the z direction with respect to the change in the forward velocity Assumptions: None Source: J.H. Blakelock, "Automatic Control of Aircraft and Missiles" Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1991, (pg 23) Inputs: cL [dimensionless] U [meters/second] cL_u Outputs: cz_u [dimensionless] Properties Used: N/A """ # Generating Stability derivative cz_u = -2. * cL - U * cL_u return cz_u
def next_available_id(v): """ Return smallest nonnegative integer not in v. """ i = 0 while i in v: i += 1 return i
def parse_schedule_json(schedules_json): """ The original design of metronome had an array of schedules defined but limited it to 1. This limits to 1 and takes the array format or just 1 schedule format. :param schedules_json: schedule or array of schedules in json :type schedules_json: json [] or {} :returns: schedule json :rtype: json """ if type(schedules_json) is list: return schedules_json[0] else: return schedules_json
def epoch_time(start_time: float, end_time: float): """ Calculate the time spent during one epoch Args: start_time (float): training start time end_time (float): training end time Returns: (int, int) elapsed_mins and elapsed_sec spent during one epoch """ elapsed_time = end_time - start_time elapsed_mins = int(elapsed_time / 60) elapsed_secs = int(elapsed_time - (elapsed_mins * 60)) return elapsed_mins, elapsed_secs
def gray_code(N): """ Generate a Gray code for traversing the N qubit states. """ if N <= 0 or type(N) is not int: raise ValueError("Input for gray code construction must be a positive integer.") if N == 1: # Base case return ["0", "1"] else: sub_code = gray_code(N-1) return ["0" + x for x in sub_code] + ["1" + x for x in sub_code[::-1]]
def get_matching_items_from_dict(value, dict_name): """ Return all items in a dict for which the label matches the provided value. @param value: the value to match @param dict_name: the dict to look in """ matches = [dict_name[x]["items"] for x in dict_name if x.lower() == value] if len(matches) == 0: return [] else: return matches[0]
def bern_choice(probabilities, random_function) -> int: """Draws a random value with random_function and returns the index of a probability which the random value undercuts. The list is theoretically expanded to include 1-p """ assert type(probabilities) is list random_value = random_function() for index in range(len(probabilities)): if random_value <= probabilities[index]: return index return len(probabilities)
def xor(a: bytes, b: bytes) -> bytes: """ Xor byte a byte entre a e b """ return bytes(x^y for x, y in zip(a, b))
def generate_query_string(query_params): """Generate a query string given kwargs dictionary.""" query_frags = [ str(key) + "=" + str(value) for key, value in query_params.items() ] query_str = "&".join(query_frags) return query_str
def fpi_bandpass_lims(d, n): """Bandpass filter limits for a single order of an FPI at given gap. Parameters ---------- d : float Gap length of the Fabry-Perot etalon. n : int The order of the FPI peak included in the limits Returns ------- (lmin, lmax) : tuple of float Minimum and maximum wavelengths that include the three FPI orders. """ lmax = 2 * d * (1 / n + 1 / (2 * n * (n - 1))) lmin = 2 * d * (1 / n - 1 / (2 * n * (n - 1))) return (lmin, lmax)
def joiner(list_of_strings): """Join all the stings in the list, excepting the first""" if len(list_of_strings) > 1: return ' '.join(list_of_strings[1:]) return ''
def unpad_pkcs7(data): """ Strips PKCS#7 padding from data. Raises ValueError if padding is invalid. """ if len(data) == 0: raise ValueError("Error: Empty input.") pad_value = data[-1] if pad_value == 0 or pad_value > 16: raise ValueError("Error: Invalid padding.") for i in range(1, pad_value + 1): if data[-i] != pad_value: raise ValueError("Error: Invalid padding.") unpadded = data[: (len(data) - pad_value)] return unpadded
def _parse_input(obj, arg): """ Returns obj[arg] if arg is string, otherwise returns arg. """ return obj[arg] if isinstance(arg, str) else arg
def DNA_to_mRNA_List(DNA_string): """Takes in DNA sequence string and converts it to an mRNA list. Parameters ---------- DNA_string : string String that contains letters/characters of a DNA string, e.g., 'a,' t,' 'c,' and 'g.' Returns ------- mRNA_List : list List that converts each and every value in input to corresponding mRNA values. """ # Creates an empty list to which values will be appended mRNA_List = []; # Loops through each character of DNA string input for char in DNA_string: if char == 'a' or char == 'A': # Characters are appended to mRNA_List mRNA_List.append('U') elif char == 't' or char == 'T': mRNA_List.append('A') elif char == 'c' or char == 'C': mRNA_List.append('G') elif char == 'g' or char == 'G': mRNA_List.append('C') # Output mRNA_List is returned by function return mRNA_List
def l1_norm(lst): """ Calculates the l1 norm of a list of numbers """ return sum([abs(x) for x in lst])
def bisection_solve(x, eval_ans, epsilon, low, high): """x, epsilon, low, high are floats epsilon > 0 eval_ans a function mapping a float to a float low <= high and there is an ans below low and high s.t. eval(ans) is within epsilon of x returns ans s.t. eval(ans) within epsilon of x""" ans = (high + low) // 2 counter = 1 while abs(eval_ans(ans) - x) >= epsilon: if eval_ans(ans) < x: low = ans else: high = ans ans = (high + low) // 2 counter += 1 return ans, counter
def choose(n: int, k: int) -> int: """Return binomial coefficient of n choose k.""" ans = 1 for i in range(min(k, n-k)): ans *= n-i ans //= i+1 return ans
def check_if_only_decoys(sequences): """ Check if the sequences to consolidate are composed only of decoys """ only_decoys = True for sequence in sequences: if 'decoy' not in sequence.split()[2]: only_decoys = False break return only_decoys
def read_int_item(item_id: int) -> dict: """ Example function """ return { 'foo': item_id }
def decode(what): """Decode a EDIComm string into its component parts (splitting lists as needed)""" parts = what.split(' ') new_parts = [] # First expansion: each separate parameter, keeping lists together. this_part = '' for part in parts: this_part += part merge = part.endswith('\\') if merge: this_part = this_part[:-1] + ' ' else: new_parts.append(this_part) this_part = '' parts = new_parts new_parts = [] # Second expansion: lists. for part in parts: if part.find(',') == -1: new_parts.append(part) continue part_parts = part.split(',') parsed_parts = [] parsed = '' for p in part_parts: parsed += p merge = p.endswith('\\') if merge: parsed = parsed[:-1] + ',' else: parsed_parts.append(parsed) parsed = '' if len(parsed_parts) == 1: new_parts.append(parsed_parts[0]) else: new_parts.append(parsed_parts) return new_parts
def add_lists(*lists): """Add two lists together without numpy For example, given lists: [1, 2] [3, 4] The result is: [4, 6] Lists are sliced to prevent mutation. """ lists = (l[:] for l in lists) return list(map(sum, zip(*lists)))
def maybe_add_ellipses(s, maxlen=72, instead_of_ellipses_add_this_text=None): """ If string s is longer than maxlen, truncate it and add on ... to the end. If you want something else, use the instead_of_ellipses_add_this_text >>> maybe_add_ellipses('abcdef') 'abcdef' >>> maybe_add_ellipses('abcdef', 3) 'abc...' """ if len(s) <= maxlen: return s elif instead_of_ellipses_add_this_text: return "{0}{1}".format(s[:maxlen], instead_of_ellipses_add_this_text) else: return "%s..." % s[:maxlen]
def best_score(a_dictionary): """Returns a key with the biggest integer value. Checks if a thing is a dicrionary with the is instance method""" if not isinstance(a_dictionary, dict) or len(a_dictionary) == 0: return None ret = list(a_dictionary.keys())[0] big = a_dictionary[ret] for k, v in a_dictionary.items(): if v > big: big = v ret = k return (ret)