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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1].
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4 Adaptations of TS 33.117 catalogue of security requirements and related use cases
Editor's Note: It may be worth updating the structure of this to mirror TS 33.117 (as done in TS 33.129-2)
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4.1 Introduction
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4.1.1 General
The present document was developed based on the guidance and methodology described in 3GPP TR 33.916 [3]. 3GPP has organized SCAS documents by publishing one Technical Specification (TS) per architectural network element. In contrast, this document takes a different approach and collects all LI SCAS in the present docu...
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4.1.2 Use of tools in testing
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4.1.3 Documentation requirements
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4.1.4 Requirements list
The following TS 33.126 [5] requirements are tested in the present document: TS 33.126 R6.6-30: The CSP shall ensure that non-authorized personnel or processes (including automated or Artificial Intelligence based systems) that are part of the service cannot detect that interception is taking place.
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4.1.5 Document Part Organization
Editor's Note: The part structure of 33.129 should be re-visited when the maturity of the project warrants it, and likely not settle to its final form until the project is ~80%+ along. - Part 1 - Common - The present document contains the general framework of LI SCAS. This part contains descriptions of threats and at...
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4.2 Security functional requirements and related test cases specific to LI functions
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4.2.1 Introduction
The present clause describes the security functional requirements and the corresponding test cases for LI functions. The proposed security requirements are classified in two groups: - Security functional requirements derived from TS 33.501 [11] and detailed in clause 4.2.2. - General security functional requirements ...
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4.2.2 Security functional requirements on LI functions deriving from 3GPP specifications and related test cases
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4.2.2.1 General
The general approach in TS 33.117 [2] clause 4.2.2.2 applies to LI functions. The relevant requirements and test cases for the product class of the NF in which the LI function is embedded also apply. Unless otherwise specified, the requirements and test cases in TS 33.117 [2] clause 4.2.2.3 related to SBA / SBI do not ...
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4.2.2.3 Security functional requirements on LI functions deriving from 3GPP specifications and related test cases – general interface aspects
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4.2.2.3.1 Introduction
The purpose of the sub-clauses of clause 4.2.2.3 is to identify and describe the general baseline requirements from the interfaces in the LI architecture and the corresponding test cases. The general baseline requirements are applicable to all LI functions within the LI system independent of a specific network product ...
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4.2.2.3.2 Protection at the transport layer
Editor's Note: Rewrite test from TS 33.129-2 4.2.2.3, 4.2.2.4, and 4.2.2.5 to apply to non-X1.
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4.2.2.3.3 Authorization of NF service access
Editor's Note: Move TS 33.129-2 4.2.2-4.2.9 here?
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4.2.2.4 Credential affinity
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4.2.2.5 Credential expiry
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4.2.2.6 Credential chain of trust
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4.2.2.7 Credential binding
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4.2.2.8 Element of LI binding
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4.2.3 Technical baseline
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4.2.3.1 Introduction
The present clause provides baseline technical requirements.
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4.2.3.2 Protecting data and information
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4.2.3.2.1 Protecting data and information – general
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4.2.3.2.1.1 Introduction
The tests listed in clause 4.2.3.2.1 of TS 33.117 [2] shall be applied with the additions and clarifications included in the following sub-clauses.
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4.2.3.2.1.2 A crypto inventory exists
Requirement Name: Standard Cryptographic Primitives Requirement Reference: TBD Requirement Description: Only standardized cryptographic algorithms and primitives published by accredited organizations shall be used. References: Asset reference: AS-LI-FUNCTION Attacker reference: TBD Threat reference: TBD T...
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4.2.3.2.1.3 Replaceable crypto modules
Editor's Note: candidate for tweaking. Perhaps too strict? Perhaps TS 102 232 and TS 33.128 should be enhanced to require this modularity. Requirement Name: Modular Cryptographic Implementations Requirement Reference: TBD Requirement Description: Cryptographic methods need to be implemented in replaceable modules. S...
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4.2.3.2.1.4 Replaceable crypto methods
Editor's Note: candidate for tweaking. Perhaps too strict? Perhaps TS 102 232 and TS 33.128 should be enhanced to require this modularity. Requirement Name: Configurable Cryptographic Methods Requirement Reference: TBD Requirement Description: Applications need to support configuration of cryptographic methods and p...
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4.2.3.2.2 Protecting data and information – unauthorized viewing
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4.2.3.2.2.1 Introduction
The tests listed in clause 4.2.3.2.2 of TS 33.117 [2] shall be applied with the additions and clarifications included in the following sub-clauses. Editor's note: It is unclear if these belong here as these seem to be more applicable to NE-embedded.
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4.2.3.2.2.2 General-purpose logs cannot contain LI data
Requirement Name: Confidentiality of LI Identifiers Requirement Reference: TS 33.126: R6.6 - 30 Undetectability by Non-Authorized Parties Requirement Description: General-purpose logs cannot contain Lawful Interception (LI) identifiers or other sensitive LI information. Only LI-protected audit logs, only accessible t...
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4.2.3.2.2.3 General-purpose logs cannot contain LI data (comms?)
Requirement Name: Confidentiality of LI Identifiers Requirement Reference: TS 33.126: R6.6 - 30 Undetectability by Non-Authorized Parties Requirement Description: General-purpose logs cannot contain sensitive LI information. Only LI-protected audit logs, only accessible to LI-cleared personnel, may contain such detai...
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4.2.3.2.2.4 LI logging is segregated from non-LI logging
Requirement Name: Segregation of LI Logging Requirement Reference: TS 33.126: R6.6 - 30 Undetectability by Non-Authorized Parties Requirement Description: LI audit and operational logs need to be segregated from all non-LI logging subsystems. Access to LI logs need to be restricted to LI-cleared personnel only. Refe...
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4.2.3.2.2.5 LI target leak, log leak
Editor's Note: This test seems equivalent to 4.2.3.2.2.2 and 4.2.3.2.2.3 above. Not sure whether to use this for something else or delete it). (Network logs perhaps?)
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4.2.3.2.3 Protecting data and information in storage
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4.2.3.2.3.1 Introduction
The following addition and clarifications to clause 4.2.3.2.3 of TS 33.117 [2] apply for LI functions.
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4.2.3.2.3.2 No unencrypted LI data
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4.2.3.2.4 Protecting data and information in transfer
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4.2.3.2.4.1 Introduction
The following addition and clarifications to clause 4.2.3.2.4 of TS 33.117 [2] apply for LI functions.
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4.2.3.2.4.2 No unencrypted internal comms
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4.2.3.2.4.3 Network observation by VI admin
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4.2.3.2.4.4 Firewalls between virtual entities
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4.2.3.2.5 Logging access to personal data
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.2.3.2.5 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.2.3.3 Protecting availability and integrity
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4.2.3.3.1 Introduction
The tests listed in TS 33.117 [2] clause 4.2.3.3 shall be applied with the additions and clarifications included in the following sub-clauses.
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4.2.3.3.2 Vulnerability patching – original code
TBD – not sure is this is within scope of SCAS
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4.2.3.3.3 Vulnerability patching – open source
TBD – not sure is this is within scope of SCAS
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4.2.3.4 Authentication and authorization
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4.2.3.4.1 Introduction
The tests listed in TS 33.117 [2] clause 4.2.3.4 shall be applied with the additions and clarifications included in the following sub-clauses.
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4.2.3.4.2 Logging of failed authentication attempts
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4.2.3.4.3 No non-LI accounts
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4.2.3.4.4 Unique credentials
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4.2.3.4.5 System hardening of VM accounts
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4.2.3.5 Protecting sessions
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.2.3.5 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.2.3.6 Logging
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4.2.3.6.1 Introduction
The tests listed in TS 33.117 [2] clause 4.2.3.6 shall be applied with the additions and clarifications included in the following sub-clauses.
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4.2.3.6.2 Mandatory log-disabling alarms
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4.2.3.6.3 Loud logs
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4.2.4 Operating Systems
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.2.4 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.2.5 Web Servers
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.2.5 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.2.6 Network Devices
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.2.6 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.3 Adaptations of hardening requirements and related test cases specific to LI functions
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4.3.1 Introduction
Clause 4.3 specifies the LI function-specific adaptations of hardening requirements and related test cases.
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4.3.2 Technical baseline
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4.3.2.1 Introduction
The following additions to clause 4.3.2 in TS 33.117 [2] apply for LI functions.
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4.3.2.2 Third-party components are up-to-date
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4.3.3 Operating systems
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.3.3 in TS 33.117 [2].
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4.3.4 Web servers
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4.3.4.1 Introduction
The following additions to clause 4.3.4 in TS 33.117 [2] apply for LI functions.
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4.3.4.2 Only POST allowed (for Xn)
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4.3.4.3 Third-party components are up-to-date
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4.3.5 Network devices
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.3.5 in TS 33.117 [2].
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4.3.6 Network functions in service-based architecture
There are no LI-specific additions to clause 4.3.6 in TS 33.117 [2].
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4.4 Adaptations of basic vulnerability testing requirements and related test cases specific to LI functions
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4.4.1 Introduction
There are no LI specific additions to clause 4.4.1 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.4.2 Port Scanning
There are no LI specific additions to clause 4.4.2 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.4.3 Vulnerability scanning
There are no LI specific additions to clause 4.4.3 of TS 33.117 [2].
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4.4.4 Robustness and fuzz testing
The test cases under clause 4.4.4 of TS 33.117 [2] are applicable to LI functions.
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5 Security Elements
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5.1 Assets
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5.1.1 Assets Overview
Assets are categorized more granularly than functional blocks. These are the specific elements that, if exposed or influenced, could compromise LI. Table 5.1.1-1: Asset definitions Name Description AS-TARGET Target Identities(s) A network or service identity that uniquely identifies a target for interception f...
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5.1.2 Detailed Asset Descriptions
Editor's Note: Review all of these and compare them to TR 33.926 to remove overlap and deconflict. Align the format, naming, etc. with the Annexes in 33.926?
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5.1.2.1 Target Identifiers
Asset Code: AS-TARGET Asset Name: Target Identities Asset Description: A network or service identity that uniquely identifies a target for interception from all other non-targets within one or more CSP services. One target may have one or several target identities. The Target Identity can be a long-term subscription...
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5.1.2.2 LI Access Credentials
Asset Code: AS-LI-CREDS Asset Name: LI Access Credentials Asset Description: These are the authentication elements used to authorize and secure LI operations. They may include passwords, API tokens, client certificates, SSH keys, or internal authorization grants.
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5.1.2.3 Network Function
Editor's Note: Reframe this in terms of TS 33.926 GNP and provide reference for the assumptions mentioned below. Asset Code: AS-NF Asset Name: Network Function Asset Description: A network function (NF) encompasses any virtualized or physical function that plays a role in packet handling, control signaling, or serv...
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5.1.2.4 Network Service
Asset Code: AS-NETWORK-SERVICE Asset Name: Network Service Asset Description: This can be thought of simplistically as a chain of network functions. However, this category includes the end-to-end behavior of services delivered by the network, including latency, throughput, jitter, and session continuity.
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5.1.2.5 LI Function
Asset Code: AS-LI-FUNCTION Asset Name: LI Function Asset Description: This asset represents the internal mechanisms and runtime state of the LI function itself. It includes service status flags, job queues, inter-process communication, service mesh labels, and other operational artifacts.
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5.1.2.6 LI Product Delivery
Asset Code: AS-LI-PRODUCT Asset Name: LI Product Delivery Asset Description: This refers to the delivery chain that carries LI content and Intercept Related Information (IRI) from network function Points of Interception (POIs) to the mediation function (MDF), and from there to the Law Enforcement Monitoring Facility...
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5.1.2.7 LEMF Attributes
Asset Code: AS-LEMF Asset Name: LEMF Attributes Asset Description: This includes the IP address, domain name, or network path of the LEMF endpoint. If the LEMF is statically assigned or its routing patterns are predictable, adversaries may correlate traffic to or from the LEMF to active surveillance.
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5.1.2.8 Network User Behaviour
Asset Code: AS-USER-PATTERN Asset Name: Network User Behaviour Attributes Asset Description: These are behavioural signatures or application-layer patterns associated with end users. They may include traffic types, flow durations, usage spikes, or session frequency.
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5.1.2.9 Crypto Store
Asset Code: AS-CRYPTO-STORE Asset Name: Crypto Store Asset Description: This includes keystores, certificate chains, and lists of trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs) used within LI systems or the broader network.
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5.1.2.10 API or Configuration State
Asset Code: AS-API-CONF Asset Name: API or Configuration State Asset Description: This encompasses the current state and metadata of network APIs, configuration templates, or orchestrator settings used in service delivery.
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5.1.2.11 LI Product
Asset Code: AS-LI-PRODUCT Asset Name: LI Product Asset Description: The LI product comprises content (e.g. voice, SMS, data) and metadata (e.g. call records, IP flow info) delivered as IRI to the LEMF. This is among the highest-value assets in the system and the direct object of the lawful interception operation.
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5.2 Attackers
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5.2.1 Attackers Overview
Attackers can be human or automated. The following table lists the attackers considered in the present multi-part document. Table 5.2-1: Attacker definitions Code Name Description AT-INTERNAL Internal administrator Has privileged access to network functions or management interfaces but no LI authorization. May ...
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5.2.2 Detailed Attacker Descriptions
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5.2.2.1 Internal Administrator
Attacker Code: AT-INTERNAL Attacker Name: Internal Administrator Attacker Description: An internal administrator refers to a human actor with privileged access to core network systems, but without explicit authorization to access or manage Lawful Interception (LI) functions. This attacker may hold legitimate operati...
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5.2.2.2 Internal Administrator Granular Breakdown
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5.2.2.2.1 Internal Log Auditor
Attacker Code: AT-INTERNAL-LOG Attacker Name: Internal Log Auditor Attacker Description: This attacker has legitimate access to system and application logs for operational, compliance, or troubleshooting purposes. While not authorized for LI access, they may infer surveillance activity by observing timing correlatio...