Datasets:

Nacryos
/

ancient-scripts-datasets

IPA column provides phonetic transcriptions (triggers TranscriptionType.IPA in the pipeline)
_ marks missing/unattested forms (skipped by ingester)
concepts.tsv lists all 40 shared concept IDs

Branches

File	Family	Languages	Entries
germanic.tsv	Germanic	got, ang, non, goh	~160
celtic.tsv	Celtic	sga, cym, bre	~120
balto_slavic.tsv	Balto-Slavic	lit, chu, rus	~120
indo_iranian.tsv	Indo-Iranian	san, ave, fas	~120
italic.tsv	Italic	lat, osc, xum	~120
hellenic.tsv	Hellenic	grc, gmy	~80
semitic.tsv	Semitic	heb, arb, amh	~120
turkic.tsv	Turkic	otk, tur, aze	~120
uralic.tsv	Uralic	fin, hun, est	~120

Concept Categories (40 concepts)

Body (8): head, eye, ear, mouth, hand, foot, heart, blood
Kinship (5): father, mother, son, daughter, brother
Nature (10): water, fire, sun, moon, star, earth, mountain, river, stone, tree
Animals (5): horse, dog, fish, bird, ox
Verbs (8): eat, drink, give, come, die, know, hear, see
Other (4): name, god, king, house

Names Subset

names.tsv is a cross-family validation file covering deity names (theonyms), proper/personal names (anthroponyms), and place names (toponyms) across 30 languages from all 9 families plus additional ancient languages (Hittite, Ugaritic, Akkadian, Phoenician, Aramaic).

Unlike the branch files, entries sharing a Parameter_ID include both true cognates (same etymological root) and false positives (unrelated names in the same semantic slot). The pipeline should cluster true cognates together while keeping false positives apart.

Cognate annotations

names.tsv has an extra 6th column Cognate_Set_ID providing ground-truth cognate judgements. Forms sharing the same Cognate_Set_ID within a Parameter_ID are etymologically related; forms with different IDs are not. Null entries use _. The ingester ignores this column (not in column_mapping), but evaluation scripts can read it directly.

Statistic	Value
Total entries	168 (160 non-null)
Languages	30 (cross-family)
Concepts	15
True cognate pairs	227 (27%)
False-positive pairs	605 (73%)

Name Categories (15 concepts)

Deity names (10):

sky_father — PIE *dyēws cognates (Zeus, Jupiter, Dyaus, Týr, Dievas) vs unrelated (El, Tengri, Ukko)
thunder_god — PIE *Perkʷ- (Perkūnas, Perun, Parjanya) + PIE *tonh₂r- (Þórr, Þunor, Donar) vs Semitic Baal
sun_god — PIE *sóh₂wl̥ (Sūrya, Sōl, Sunne) + Semitic (Šemeš, Šams, Šapšu) vs Hēlios, Hvar
moon_god — PIE *meh₁ns- (Máni, Mōna, Māno, Mēna, Mėnulis) vs Selēnē, Lūna, Yareaḥ
war_god — Germanic *Wōdanaz (Óðinn, Wōden, Wuotan) vs Arēs, Mārs, Indra
love_deity — Semitic *ʿAṯtar- (ʿAṯtartu, ʿAštoret, Ištar) vs Aphrodītē, Venus, Freyja
death_god — PIE *Yemo- (Yama, Yima) + Semitic *mwt (Māvet, Mawt, Mōtu) vs Hādēs, Hel
sea_god — Semitic *yamm- (Yammu, Yām) vs Poseidōn, Neptūnus, Njǫrðr
smith_god — Celtic (Goibniu, Gofannon) + Germanic (Wēland, Vǫlundr) vs Hēphaistos, Koṯaru
supreme_god — Semitic *ʔil- (El, Ilāh, Ilu) + Turkic *teŋri (Teŋri, Tanrı) + Uralic (Jumala, Jumal)

Proper names (2):

caesar_title — Latin loanword chain: Caesar → Kaisar → Cěsarĭ → Car → Qayṣar → Kayser
alexander_name — Greek loanword chain: Alexandros → Iskandar → İskender → Eskandar

Place names (3):

sacred_river — PIE *deh₂nu- river names (Dānuvius, Dunaj, Dānu) vs Neilos, Yardēn
sacred_mountain — Mostly unrelated (Olumpos, Sinay, Meru, Ásgarðr) — false positive testing
holy_city — Mostly unrelated (Yerušalayim, Athēnai, Rōma) — false positive testing

IPA Sources

Branch	Reference
Germanic	Wright's Gothic Grammar, Campbell's OE Grammar, Gordon's ON, Braune's OHG
Celtic	Thurneysen's Old Irish Grammar, GPC (Welsh), Hemon's Breton Grammar
Balto-Slavic	Leskien's OCS Handbook, Lithuanian reference grammar, Wade's Russian
Indo-Iranian	Whitney's Sanskrit Grammar, Skjaervo's Avestan, Lambton's Persian
Italic	Buck's Oscan-Umbrian Grammar, Allen's Vox Latina
Hellenic	Ventris & Chadwick, Allen's Vox Graeca
Semitic	Fischer's Arabic Grammar, Leslau's Amharic
Turkic	Tekin's Old Turkic Grammar, Lewis's Turkish Grammar
Uralic	Karlsson's Finnish, Rounds's Hungarian, Viitso's Estonian