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Opposition control of spatially developing turbulent boundary layers for skin friction drag reduction is studied by direct numerical simulations. The boundary layer extends 800θ0 in the streamwise (x) direction, with θ0 denoting the momentum thickness at the flow inlet. The Reynolds number, based on the external flow v... |
To the Editor: The important contribution of plaque rupture and erosion to the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is widely accepted. Although the current definitions of plaque rupture and erosion have been established by pathological studies, several trials have reported that optical coherence tomography (O... |
Data from 60 multiparous Holstein cows were used in a 12-wk continuous design feeding trial. Cows were allocated to 1 of 4 experimental treatments (T1 to T4). In T1 and T2, the total mixed ration (TMR) contained either corn silage from the genetically modified (GM) variety Chardon Liberty Link, which is tolerant to the... |
The relative performance of China and India is compared using two different methods and they provide a very different picture of their relative performance. We compare the average absolute values of indictors for the decade of the 1980s, 1990s and the 2000s. We use indicators such as the current account balance (CAB), ... |
For a nonstationary random process, the time-time correlation function, frequency-frequency Loeve spectrum, time-frequency Wigner-Ville distribution, and frequency-time ambiguity function are each complete theoretical descriptions of second-order behavior. They are complete in the sense that they determine realizations... |
BACKGROUND |
Select patients with peri-ampullary cancers require concomitant colon resection (CR) during a pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for margin-negative resections. This study analysed the impact of concomitant CR on major morbidity (MM) and mortality. |
METHODS |
National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) patients undergoing PD for peri-ampullary cancers were identified from 2005 to 2012. A 4 : 1 propensity-score matched analysis isolated the impact of CR upon PD. Risk factors for 30-day MM and mortality were analysed to determine post-operative sequelae of PD+CR. |
RESULTS |
From 10 965 PD and 159 PD+CR patients, 624 and 156, respectively, were selected for 4 : 1 matched analysis. PD+CR resulted in a higher MM and mortality (50.0% and 9.0%) versus PD alone (28.8% and 2.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified risk factors for MM after PD: concomitant CR [odds ratio (O... |
CONCLUSIONS |
CR was an independent predictor of MM and mortality after a PD. Patients requiring PD+CR should be identified pre-operatively, maximally optimized and referred to experienced surgeons at expert centres.Quantum information approach to quantum phase transitions |
Quantum phase transitions of a many-body system at zero temperature are characterized by the change of the ground state properties as model parameter g in the system Hamiltonian H(g) is varied across the transition point. People think that structures of the ground-state wavefunction become qualitatively different acros... |
Uterine fibroids are benign growths in the ut erus, for which there are several possible treatment options. Patients and physicians generally approach the decision proces based on a combination of the patient’s degree of discomfort, patient prefer ences, and physician practice patterns. In this paper, we examine the us... |
In this chapter, we focus on acoustic underwater networks, which utilize acoustic communication links to communicate between the nodes. It is wellknown that RF signals do not propagate well underwater, and the optical signals [1] are useful for short distances and under clear water propagation conditions. For long dist... |
Abstract. Digital Humanities (DH) is expected to generate new knowledge within traditional Humanities including history, literature, and the arts. DH utilizes computational media to conduct research on concepts such as consciousness and awareness, then analyzes, integrates and presents the outcomes. GIS has become wide... |
P57 Immune mechanisms in Pigeon Fancier’s Lung |
Background Pigeon fanciers have a 1 in 10 risk of developing Pigeon Fancier’s Lung (PFL), a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to inhaled pigeon antigens. This manifests as acute episodes of breathlessness, cough and fever after antigen exposure, which may progress to chronic dyspnoea and lung fibrosis. The preci... |
In this work, a review of the seismic microzonation for the city of Campobasso, conducted after the 2002 Molise earthquake (Italy), is made. Fourteen sites to perform 1D analysis were selected. The stratigraphy and the physical and mechanical properties of the soils were available from both direct tests and literature ... |
Grapeseed oil is rich in antioxidants and vitamin E which prevent the occurrence of skin aging. Nanoemulsion is an effective technology for delivering grapeseed oil as an active ingredient due to its small droplet size, and can easily penetrate through the skin layer. The objective of this study was to formulate grapes... |
Suddenly, on my right side, by God’s wisdom, a white ram appeared in an oak grove. My horse underneath me began to paw the ground and prance about like a piebald or sorrel, rosebodied Arabian steed. I took comfort at this and looked at the ram. It was fat and plump, with a curly white fleece, lovely black eyes and blac... |
Wet and N2O oxidized SiO2/SiC for C-face substrates were comprehensively investigated to clarify the origin of oxide defects which affect channel mobility and threshold voltage stability by using leakage-current analysis. The estimated defects are identified by cathode luminescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, an... |
The two major types of derivatives used by banks are contracts tied to interest rates and to exchange rates. What factors determine whether, and how extensively, a bank will use these derivatives? These questions have been well investigated for U.S. and European banks and financial institutions; this article reports on... |
To fully understand not only the past, but also the trajectories, of human societies, we need a more dynamic view of human social systems. Agent-based modeling (ABM), which can create fine-scale models of behavior over time and space, may reveal important, general patterns of human activity. Agent-Based Modeling for Ar... |
Electric vehicles with on-board solar generation can offer extended driving range and lower grid charging needs than their standard electric vehicle counterparts. The main power electronic challenge in solar-charged electric vehicles (SEVs) is efficiently boosting the low solar voltage to the much higher traction batte... |
Abstract Changing from a conventional livestock production system, based on fertilized grass swards, to an organic management system requires the establishment of legume-based swards to replace the purchased fertilizer nitrogen. This paper reviews experimental-based research on both the comparative economics of legume-... |
Abstract The mutagenic activity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-containing fraction of several soot samples was measured in Salmonella typhimurium, using resistance to the purine analog 8-azaguanine as a genetic marker. A postmitochondrial supernatant derived from livers of phenobarbital- and/or Aroclor-pretreat... |
While our national leaders agonize about the threats in the Middle East from missiles, bombs, and automatic weapons that might fall into terrorist hands, they have remained eerily silent about the unlimited access to weapons of mass destruction in our own backyard. In a sickening recapitulation of terror wrought in sch... |
We have used high-pressure freezing techniques to study exocytosis in rat anterior pituitary cells. The cells were either unstimulated or exposed to 1 nM growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) for 10 min before ultrarapid freezing. The magnitude of growth hormone (GH) release was then correlated with the number of exocy... |
The book is particularly good when it deals with the persecution of the Russian Orthodox church during the Stalin and Khrushchev years. It reveals that the Communist attack on Orthodoxy was more determined and more severe than was heretofore understood. The reason for the all-out campaign against Orthodoxy, according t... |
The intrinsic body clearance of bilirubin was determined in 48 adult male Sprague--Dawley rats that received an intravenous infusion of bilirubin. The intrinsic body clearance was calculated from the infusion rate, the steady-state plasma concentration of total (free and protein-bound) bilirubin, and the free fraction ... |
Immigration to rich democracies grew substantially in the 1990s and 2000s. We investigate whether the rise of immigration influenced the novel and salient outcome of preferences for greater law enforcement spending. We propose that these preferences are consequential for policymaking, reflect popular demand for punitiv... |
A novel optical frequency-hopping (OFH) scheme using dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DD-MZM) is proposed and demonstrated for secure transmission in fiber-optic networks. In the proposed scheme, by adjusting the phase difference between the radio frequency (RF) signals loaded on the two arms of the DD-MZM, and filte... |
ABSTRACT The bulk physiochemical properties of oil-in-water emulsions are strongly influenced by the size, concentration and interactions of the droplets that they contain. Emulsions of different appearance, rheology and stability can therefore be created by systematically manipulating droplet characteristics. In this ... |
OBJECTIVE |
To explore the effect of chromofungin (CHR), a chromogranin A (CGA) derived peptide CGA47-66, on hyper-permeability of blood brain barrier in septic mice. |
METHODS |
120 healthy male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into groups, with 12 mice in each group. Seventy-two mice were used for dynamic observation of the contents of water and Evan blue (EB) in brain tissue after being treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Another 48 mice were divided into normal saline control group (NS... |
RESULTS |
With the extension of time after LPS injection, the contents of water and EB in brain tissue were gradually increased, and the time of difference with statistical significance appeared earlier when compared with that of control group in the contents of water than that in EB contents (3 hours and 6 hours, respectively).... |
CONCLUSIONS |
LPS induced change in blood brain barrier permeability in mice in a time-dependent manner. Exogenous CGA derived peptides CHR can inhibit LPS induced hyper-permeability of blood brain barrier in septic mice, thus reduces brain edema, protects the brain tissue, and the effect is more obvious with a high dose of CHR (77.... |
This paper presents a millimeter-wave on-chip tunable coupler with tunable power dividing ratios and constant phase responses. Composed by two coupled-lines, two capacitors and two series-connected varactors, the proposed tunable coupler offers wideband frequency responses. Theoretical analysis for wideband operation i... |
The automated targeting of online display ads at scale requires the simultaneous evaluation of a single prospect against many independent models. When deciding which ad to show to a user, one must calculate likelihood-to-convert scores for that user across all potential advertisers in the system. For modern machine-lea... |
Background: Heart failure is the leading cause of death in dialysis patients. Cardiac arrest due to hypotension may also occur during dialysis therapy. If cardiac arrest is elicited, manual chest compressions (MCC) should be started as soon as possible. However, if MCC is applied during the patient is being treated on... |
It is shown that by selection of an appropriate palladium/ligand system, temperature, concentration, and stoichiometry of reagents, ammonia may be selectively arylated to give either anilines, symmetrical di-, or triarylamines. Furthermore different aryl halides may be added sequentially to the reaction mixture, allowi... |
Following a description of the protective effects of hypothermia, the limitations resulting from "cold swelling" of the brain, caused by a progressive discrepancy between active and passive cellular transport processes, are discussed. The observation that the tolerable limits of metabolic reduction lie well below the n... |
Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) is the most convenient tool to produce entangled photon pairs (biphotons) for quantum technology applications. So far, SPDC has only been achieved with phase matching, that is, with the sum of the signal and idler wavevectors i s k , equal to the pump wavevector p k (Fi... |
Ancylostomatidae (Necator) infections are endemic in the west part of Georgia. This is promoted by natural and socioeconomic conditions of the region. The baseline Ancylostomatidae infection rates in the population average 43%. The specific features of an epidemic process of Ancylostomatidae infections under different ... |
Random forests are becoming increasingly popular in many scientific fields, especially in genetics and bioinformatics, for assessing the importance of predictor variables in high dimensional settings. Advantages of random forests in these areas are that they can cope with “small n large p” problems, complex interaction... |
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