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RESULTS |
The overall prevalence of obesity increased from 13.6% in 1999 to 19.6% in 2005 and 22.3% in 2007 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.08 per year; P < 0.001]. For overweight subjects, the rates were, respectively, 32.2%, 35.8% and 36.3% (OR = 1.02 per year; P < 0.001). During these years, the mean body mass index (BMI) (kg/m(2)) incr... |
CONCLUSIONS |
In conclusion, the present study highlighted the rapid growth of obesity during recent years in Iran. Our findings indicate the crucial necessity of primary prevention programs to counteract this undesired condition.Gating the bacterial mechanosensitive channel MscL in vivo |
YggB and MscL are the major mechanosensitive channels in Escherichia coli, and each can rescue the double knockout mutant from osmotic downshock. However, the role of MscL in wild-type bacteria is in question, not only because cells without MscL survive severe osmotic downshocks, but because 1.8 times more suction is r... |
This article considers single hoist multi-degree cyclic scheduling problems with reentrance. Time window constraints are also considered. Firstly, a mixed integer programming model is formulated for multi-degree cyclic hoist scheduling without reentrance, referred to as basic lines in this article. Two valid inequaliti... |
Thymus is the primary lymphoid organ involved in the development of thymocytes. Maturation related events of thymocytes within thymus, especially the widely discussed directional migration of thymocytes, is regulated by chemokines via chemokine receptors mediated signaling pathway. Multiple types of chemokines and chem... |
On August 13, 1995, a slope above Shum Wan Road failed due to high rainfall and caused a 30-m section of Nam Long Shan Road to collapse. The slope consists of weathered tuffs with a clay layer on the surface ofthe failure. A hydrogeological study was carried out by saturated finite difference grid model, MODFLOW, for t... |
To the Editor: |
Early risk stratification has the potential to play an important role in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)1 patients who are to be treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Several risk scores have been developed for STEMI patients; however, most risk scores require many variables, making ... |
with certain carcinomas; tables devoted to the conclusively established associations; data on ABO-distribution in the healthy, by age and sex; and a comprehensive review of the literature on fertility perhaps on the lines of Edwards' critique of 1957. In this edition, the fast-expanding HLA-system shares a subordinate ... |
Research investigating the learning and career transitions of those disadvantaged in the labour market has resulted in the development of a four-component model to enable dis-advantaged groups to navigate learning and career transitions. The four components of the model include: the self-concept; learning and recogniti... |
In the present work, we theoretically study the nonlinear regime of charge transport through a quantum dot coupled to the source and drain reservoirs. The investigation is carried out using a nonequilibrium Green's function formalism beyond the Hartree-Fock approximation. Employed approximations for the relevant Green'... |
In this paper we study the solution of a linear and nonlinear damped wave and dissipative wave equations by Adomian decomposition method. We illustrate that the analytic solutions and a reliable numerical approximation of the damped wave and dissipative wave equations are calculated in the form of a series with easily ... |
Are frontier markets the next emerging markets? And if so, should global equity investors include them in their portfolios? From a risk parity perspective, investors can benefit from a frontier markets allocation well in excess of the market weight of the asset class. A risk parity portfolio tends to outperform a marke... |
A myocardial glycolipid (P3) mixed with protein antigens in oil-in-water emulsion induced lasting delayed hypersensitivity (DH) and granulomatous inflammation after intradermal injection into guinea pigs. This did not occur when P3 and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were given in Freund's incomplete adjuvant. The oil-in-wa... |
Over the last decade, a growing number of emerging market economies has adopted inflation targeting as monetary policy framework. In a recent paper, Freedman and Laxton (2009) ask the question “Why Inflation Targeting?”. This paper empirically investigates this question by analyzing a large set of institutional and pol... |
UVB from the sun and intake from food are the only human sources of vitamin D. Tibet is a unique region for comparisons of these sources: (1) it lies at a low latitude and at a high altitude and has very large annual fluences of UVB; (2) the traditional Tibetan food is poor in vitamin D. Blood samples were taken from 6... |
Streptococcus uberis is a gram-positive bacterium that is mostly responsible for mastitis in cattle. The bacterium rarely has been associated with human infections. Conventional phenotyphic methods can be inadequate for the identification of S.uberis; and in microbiology laboratories S.uberis is confused with the other... |
In this article, a method is proposed to conduct a global sensitivity analysis of epistemic uncertainty on both system input and system structure, which is very common in early stage of system development, using Dempster-Shafer theory (DST). In system reliability assessment, the input corresponds to component reliabil... |
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), an inherited blistering disease, is caused by mutations in COL7A1, the gene encoding type VII collagen (Col7), which is the main component of anchoring fibrils. Affected individuals have decreased or undetectable Col7 with skin and mucosal fragility, blistering and sca... |
This mixed-methods study investigates writers’ task representation and the factors affecting it in test-like and non-test-like conditions. Five advanced-level L2 writers wrote two argumentative essays each, one in test-like conditions and the other in non-test-like conditions where the participants were allowed to use ... |
OBJECTIVES |
A new class of beverages called relaxation drinks advertises calming effects and an easy way to wind down when life gets stressful. This article examines these drinks in the context of their use in adolescents. |
METHODS |
A review of the literature relevant to relaxation drinks and their functional ingredients was conducted. |
RESULTS |
The beverages contain ingredients such as melatonin, valerian, kava, tryptophan, and other products traditionally thought to play a role in sleep, sedation, or neurocognitive function. Studies of the efficacy and safety of these supplements are limited and many have significant methodological limitations. Despite appro... |
CONCLUSION |
Although moderate consumption of these beverages by healthy individuals is likely safe, an objective reduction in stress is improbable and associated adverse effects are possible.[Distant wave interaction in the early embryogenesis of the loach Misgurnus fossilis L]. |
Groups of loach (Misgurnus fossilis L.) embryos of different ages were kept in different quartz cuvettes for 20-24 h so that only optic contact between the groups was possible. Subsequent observations showed that parameters of their development deviated from those in the control groups. Wave-mediated biocorrection prov... |
Background and purpose: Previous studies have shown that smokers are deficient in social skills and it is possible that they have deficits in theory of mind. The aim of this study was to compare theory of mind and symptoms of attention deficit-hyperactivity between smokers and non-smokers. Materials and methods: This s... |
OBJECTIVE |
Recently several proposals at dropping weight phobia as the central criterion for the differential diagnosis of anorexia nervosa have been advanced, aiming at establishing a new diagnostic category including any self-induced weight loss. The validity of weight phobia as a diagnostic criterion is defended. |
METHODS |
After summarizing clinical arguments, four groups of culturally or historically remote cases of self-induced weight loss or refusal of food are analyzed in regard to the presence of weight phobia and clinical similarity to modern anorexia nervosa (extreme fasting in the Third World, in the European late Middle Ages, ea... |
RESULTS |
It is demonstrated that modern Western anorexia nervosa with weight phobia is clearly distinct from other groups of cases of extreme fasting without weight phobia. |
DISCUSSION |
It is concluded that the psychological motive of weight phobia should remain the central criterion for the differential diagnosis of anorexia nervosa.Experimental Rock Deformation—the Brittle Field |
This is a monograph by one of the most distinguished authorities on this subject. It is an attempt to present the subject-matter in such a way that suitably advanced students will be able to understand the framework of the subject and to be able quickly to gain access to the literature. Because the work lists more than... |
The E-cadherin/catenin complex is a powerful invasion suppressor in epithelial cells. It is expressed in the human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line family, but functionally defective in the invasive MCF-7/6 variant. Previous experiments have shown that IGF-I, tamoxifen, retinoic acid and tangeretin are able to upregulate ... |
This is a Minireview covering landmarks or milestones in the development of erythropoietin (EPO). Thirty-nine landmark advances have been identified, which cover the period 1863–2003. Several reports are included that directly support these original landmark advances. This Minireview also updates some of the advances i... |
This paper illustrates an infrastructure based system designed to collect and interpret contextual information in ubiquitous networking environments. Its aim is to support optimised delivery of end-user telecommunication services as well as provide to network self-management functions enriched information about users' ... |
Abstract Recent studies have shown that green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and their application in the control of phytopathogenic fungi is a burgeoning field. Sisymbrium irio (Si) (London rocket) is a well-known weed that grows abundantly in Saudi Arabia from February to May. The present study is concerne... |
The present study shows the frequency and severity of retinal haemorrhages in 200 newborn, of which 100 were delivered spontaneously, 51 delivered by vacuum extractor and 49 by forceps. The incidence of retinal haemorrhages was highest in the vacuum group (50%), lowest in the forceps group (16%), while the spontaneousl... |
In staging bronchogenic carcinoma by transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), rigid histology needles are generally preferred to flexible cytology needles owing to the widespread opinion that rigid needles have higher diagnostic yield and less false-positive results. The objective of this study was to compare the effic... |
Recognizing smooth objects, such as sculptures, is an unsolved problem in computer vision and pattern recognition. We study the sculpture features and aim to design a scalable classification of sculpture images. This paper serves as a design, implementation and result evaluation document, illustrating that the classifi... |
The stability of some prominent periodic orbits in the hydrogen atom in parallel electric and magnetic fields is studied. For small field strengths, the application of classical perturbation theory allows for analytic treatments and provides useful information on possible types of classical motion and corresponding qua... |
This paper summarizes the definition, function, and characteristics of the programmable control technology, and especially analyzes the operation mode of the 750V DC traction power supply system, the protection setting, the defects of the original system and the factors influencing the safety of power supply. Aimed at ... |
Non-determinism is one of the most important, yet abstract, recurring concepts of Computer Science. It plays an important role in Computer Science areas such as formal language theory, computability theory, distributed computing, and operating systems. We conducted a series of studies on the perception of non-determini... |
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