debate_id stringlengths 7 7 | file stringlengths 31 68 | source dict | album stringclasses 1
value | is_iq2 bool 1
class | is_debate bool 1
class | duration_minutes float64 51.3 60.6 | debate_topic stringlengths 23 60 | queries listlengths 3 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
iq2_161 | 161_Should_the_FTC_Ban_Non-compete_Clauses_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Should the FTC Ban Non-compete Clauses?",
"episode_guid": "7a72b250-c9ac-11ed-9d3f-bf45543f63e9",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-03-24T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "htt... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 51.3 | Should the FTC Ban Non-compete Clauses? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_161_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What was the main argument made by the FOR side about why non-compete clauses harm workers, how did the AGAINST side challenge this claim, and how did the FOR side respond?",
"hop_count": 3,
"requires_acoustic_cues": fa... |
iq2_164 | 164_Will_ChatGPT_Do_More_Harm_Than_Good_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Will ChatGPT Do More Harm Than Good?",
"episode_guid": "e24c9a66-b2fb-11ed-a8d3-77c0986a209d",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-02-24T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https:... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Will ChatGPT Do More Harm Than Good? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_164_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What specific harm did the FOR side claim ChatGPT would cause to education or the workforce, how did the AGAINST side counter this, and what was the FOR side's response to that counter?",
"hop_count": 3,
"requires_acous... |
iq2_165 | 165_Has_China_s_Power_Peaked_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Has China's Power Peaked?",
"episode_guid": "1627c108-ae1a-11ed-85fc-3735987b9e49",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-02-17T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www.podtr... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Has China's Power Peaked? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_165_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What economic argument did the FOR side make to claim China's power has peaked, how did the AGAINST side challenge it using China's military or geopolitical rise, and how did the FOR side respond?",
"hop_count": 3,
"req... |
iq2_166 | 166_Does_the_Sex_Offender_Registry_Do_More_Harm_Than_Good_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Does the Sex Offender Registry Do More Harm Than Good?",
"episode_guid": "d11efce4-a247-11ed-90e0-4f8382d80084",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-02-03T00:00:00",
"episode_a... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 51.6 | Does the Sex Offender Registry Do More Harm Than Good? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_166_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What argument did the FOR side make about how the registry prevents reintegration of offenders, how did the AGAINST side counter by citing community safety, and how did the FOR side respond to that counter?",
"hop_count": 3... |
iq2_167 | 167_Is_Parenting_Overrated_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Is Parenting Overrated?",
"episode_guid": "c7ca3b02-9da8-11ed-b595-0fa29fa9491a",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-01-27T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www.podtrac... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Is Parenting Overrated? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_167_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What did the FOR side argue about genetics or peer influence overriding parenting, how did the AGAINST side challenge this with evidence on parental involvement, and what was the FOR side's counter-response?",
"hop_count": ... |
iq2_168 | 168_Is_Elon_Musk_Killing_Twitter_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Is Elon Musk Killing Twitter?",
"episode_guid": "726c4c0c-968e-11ed-8a66-570046eecf28",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-01-20T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www.p... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Is Elon Musk Killing Twitter? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_168_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What core claim did the FOR side make about Musk's moderation policy decisions harming Twitter's advertiser base, how did the AGAINST side push back, and how was that pushback addressed?",
"hop_count": 3,
"requires_acou... |
iq2_170 | 170_Was_January_6th_an_Existential_Threat_to_American_Democracy_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Was January 6th an Existential Threat to American Democracy?",
"episode_guid": "c10805d0-8d11-11ed-bbb7-7b66c37ed89f",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-01-06T00:00:00",
"epi... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Was January 6th an Existential Threat to American Democracy? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_170_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What argument did the FOR side make that January 6th represented a coordinated threat to the transfer of power, how did the AGAINST side challenge this framing, and what was the FOR side's counter?",
"hop_count": 3,
"re... |
iq2_173 | 173_Is_Capitalism_A_Blessing_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Is Capitalism A Blessing?",
"episode_guid": "a5ef98e4-7bfa-11ed-a1c0-0f4a1d5fdd66",
"episode_pub_date": "2022-12-16T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www.podtr... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.4 | Is Capitalism A Blessing? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_173_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What argument did the FOR side make about capitalism lifting people out of poverty, how did the AGAINST side counter using wealth inequality data, and how did the FOR side respond to that?",
"hop_count": 3,
"requires_ac... |
iq2_176 | 176_Should_We_Eat_More_Processed_Foods_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Should We Eat More Processed Foods?",
"episode_guid": "ec0c6d64-6b44-11ed-bccb-9bc3a261fb5f",
"episode_pub_date": "2022-11-25T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https:/... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Should We Eat More Processed Foods? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_176_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What claim did the FOR side make about processed foods addressing food security or nutrition challenges, how did the AGAINST side counter with health risk evidence, and what was the FOR side's response?",
"hop_count": 3,
... |
iq2_177 | 177_Is_Public_Radio_Still_Relevant_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Is Public Radio Still Relevant?",
"episode_guid": "4a6c3fb2-69bd-11ed-a868-b3d6934d6a7b",
"episode_pub_date": "2022-11-22T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 60.6 | Is Public Radio Still Relevant? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_177_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What argument did the FOR side make about public radio's unique role in local journalism, how did the AGAINST side challenge this with the rise of digital media alternatives, and how did the FOR side counter?",
"hop_count":... |
iq2_179 | 179_Is_Taiwan_Indefensible_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Is Taiwan Indefensible?",
"episode_guid": "07a95c8c-6058-11ed-b362-dbb4890c3b58",
"episode_pub_date": "2022-11-11T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www.podtrac... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.1 | Is Taiwan Indefensible? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_179_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What military argument did the FOR side make about Taiwan's geographic vulnerability to a Chinese invasion, how did the AGAINST side challenge this with deterrence arguments, and how did the FOR side respond?",
"hop_count":... |
iq2_181 | 181_Is_It_Time_to_End_Qualified_Immunity_for_Cops_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Is It Time to End Qualified Immunity for Cops?",
"episode_guid": "253622d8-5650-11ed-9c94-87750b7f830a",
"episode_pub_date": "2022-10-28T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_url... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 51.3 | Is It Time to End Qualified Immunity for Cops? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_181_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What argument did the FOR side make about qualified immunity shielding officers from accountability for misconduct, how did the AGAINST side counter using police deterrence arguments, and how did the FOR side respond?",
"ho... |
iq2_184 | 184_Should_We_Use_Gene_Editing_to_Make_Better_Babies_.mp3 | {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Should We Use Gene Editing to Make Better Babies?",
"episode_guid": "ef396d7a-458d-11ed-85fb-eb5efb49af2d",
"episode_pub_date": "2022-10-07T00:00:00",
"episode_audio_... | Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates | true | true | 52.2 | Should We Use Gene Editing to Make Better Babies? | [
{
"query_id": "iq2_184_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What scientific or medical argument did the FOR side make for using gene editing to eliminate hereditary diseases, how did the AGAINST side counter with ethical slippery slope concerns, and how did the FOR side respond?",
"... |
Audio Loop: Long-Audio Reasoning Benchmarks
An evaluation set for long-form audio reasoning. It accompanies the paper AudioLoop: Program-Guided Iterative Reasoning Over Long-Form Speech (NeurIPS 2026 Workshop on Long Context Foundation Models), where it is referred to as IQ2-QA.
| Config | Task | Audio source | Items |
|---|---|---|---|
iq2_qa |
Multi-hop QA over debates | Recorded live debates | 13 |
Load annotations
from datasets import load_dataset
iq2 = load_dataset("CentificAIResearch/audio-loop", "iq2_qa", split="test")
Each row records the audio file used in the paper (file) and the podcast
episode it came from (source).
Obtaining the audio
The debate audio is not redistributed here: it is copyrighted by Open to
Debate Foundation. Each row's source field identifies the exact podcast
episode used, so the audio can be obtained from the publisher:
row = iq2[0]
print(row["source"]["episode_title"], row["source"]["episode_guid"])
print(row["source"]["episode_audio_url"]) # audio URL as listed in the feed
Match episodes by episode_guid in the public RSS feed (feed_url). Podcast
hosts insert advertisements dynamically, so a fresh download can differ from
the paper's file by roughly a minute in length.
iq2_qa (IQ2-QA)
Overview
Multi-hop reasoning queries over 13 complete Oxford-style debate recordings (~50–60 min each). In each debate, one or two debaters per side argue FOR and AGAINST a motion, in a live-audience format.
Source
The Open to Debate podcast (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.): https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/open-to-debate/id216713308. Audio was downloaded from the public RSS feed in April 2026. Questions and reference answers were drafted with Gemini 3 Pro; reference answers are framed in terms of the FOR and AGAINST sides of each motion.
License note
Annotations (queries, reference answers, metadata) are released under CC-BY-4.0. The debate audio is copyrighted by Open to Debate Foundation and is not included; obtain it from the publisher's feed under its terms.
Schema (metadata.jsonl, 1 row per debate)
{
"debate_id": "iq2_161",
"file": "161_Should_the_FTC_Ban_Non-compete_Clauses_.mp3",
"source": {
"podcast": "Open to Debate (formerly Intelligence Squared U.S.)",
"feed_url": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/PNP1207584390",
"episode_title": "Should the FTC Ban Non-compete Clauses?",
"episode_guid": "7a72b250-c9ac-11ed-9d3f-bf45543f63e9",
"episode_pub_date": "2023-03-24",
"episode_audio_url": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/IS6200446555.mp3?updated=1679598682"
},
"album": "Intelligence Squared U.S. Debates",
"is_iq2": true,
"is_debate": true,
"duration_minutes": 51.3,
"debate_topic": "Should the FTC Ban Non-compete Clauses?",
"queries": [
{
"query_id": "iq2_161_A",
"query_type": "claim_rebuttal_counter",
"query": "What was the main argument made by the FOR side ...",
"hop_count": 3,
"requires_acoustic_cues": false,
"difficulty": "medium",
"reference_answer": "..."
}
]
}
Query types
| Type | Count | Description |
|---|---|---|
claim_rebuttal_counter |
13 | FOR claim → AGAINST rebuttal → FOR counter (3-hop) |
theme_comparison |
13 | Compare both sides on a shared theme (2-hop) |
tone_disagreement |
13 | Identify the most heated exchange (2-hop, acoustic cues) |
39 queries total across 13 debates (3 per debate).
Format
- Audio: not included (MP3 episodes from the publisher's feed)
- Annotations: JSON Lines, one row per debate
Stats
| Stat | Value |
|---|---|
| Debates | 13 |
| Queries | 39 |
| Per-debate duration | ~50 – 60 min |
| Total audio runtime | ~11 hours |
Licensing summary
| Item | License |
|---|---|
iq2_qa/ annotations |
CC-BY-4.0 |
iq2_qa audio (not included) |
Copyright Open to Debate Foundation; obtain from the publisher |
Changes
- October 2026: The
aae_ttsconfig (AAE-TTS, a two-speaker speech rendering of the Argument Annotated Essays corpus, version 2) was removed. The AAE2 license does not permit redistribution of the corpus, so AAE-TTS is used for evaluation in the paper but is not released. - October 2026: The IQ2-QA debate audio was removed, because it is
copyrighted by Open to Debate Foundation. Each row now records the source
episode (
source), so the exact files used in the paper can be traced.
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