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After Antigonus was killed, what region did Seleucus take over? | <text>After Antigonus was killed, what region did Seleucus take over?</text><reasoning>The decisive engagement of the war came when Lysimachus invaded and overran much of western Anatolia, but was soon isolated by Antigonus and Demetrius near Ipsus in Phrygia. Seleucus arrived in time to save Lysimachus and utterly cru... |
After Antigonus was killed, what region did Ptolemy take over? | <text>After Antigonus was killed, what region did Ptolemy take over?</text><reasoning>The decisive engagement of the war came when Lysimachus invaded and overran much of western Anatolia, but was soon isolated by Antigonus and Demetrius near Ipsus in Phrygia. Seleucus arrived in time to save Lysimachus and utterly crus... |
What is a common Attic-based dialect? | <text>What is a common Attic-based dialect?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingd... |
Where is the Ptolemaic Kingdom? | <text>Where is the Ptolemaic Kingdom?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdom). T... |
Where is the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom? | <text>Where is the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdo... |
Where is the Indo-Greek Kingdom? | <text>Where is the Indo-Greek Kingdom?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdom). ... |
Where is the Kingdom of Pergamon? | <text>Where is the Kingdom of Pergamon?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdom).... |
Where was the Ptolemaic Kingdom located? | <text>Where was the Ptolemaic Kingdom located?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Ki... |
Alexander the Great was the emperor of what? | <text>Alexander the Great was the emperor of what?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Gree... |
The Hellenistic Period expanded the Greek Empire into what 2 continents? | <text>The Hellenistic Period expanded the Greek Empire into what 2 continents?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco... |
What was the new, Attic-based dialect called? | <text>What was the new, Attic-based dialect called?</text><reasoning>After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Gre... |
Whose tradition did Ptolemy take on as leader of Egypt? | <text>Whose tradition did Ptolemy take on as leader of Egypt?</text><reasoning>The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying... |
What god did Ptolemy I create? | <text>What god did Ptolemy I create?</text><reasoning>The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Ptolemy ... |
Cyprus and Cyrene were run by whom? | <text>Cyprus and Cyrene were run by whom?</text><reasoning>The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their siblings (Pto... |
By using a central government that taxes heavily, Ptolemy ran his country akin to which bureaucracy? | <text>By using a central government that taxes heavily, Ptolemy ran his country akin to which bureaucracy?</text><reasoning>The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditio... |
Apis and Osiris combined to make which god? | <text>Apis and Osiris combined to make which god?</text><reasoning>The Egyptians begrudgingly accepted the Ptolemies as the successors to the pharaohs of independent Egypt, though the kingdom went through several native revolts. The Ptolemies took on the traditions of the Egyptian Pharaohs, such as marrying their sibli... |
What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea? | <text>What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea?</text><reasoning>The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty... |
Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus? | <text>Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus?</text><reasoning>The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian... |
When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded? | <text>When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded?</text><reasoning>The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Pe... |
When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic? | <text>When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic?</text><reasoning>The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which w... |
What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator? | <text>What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator?</text><reasoning>The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despi... |
What was the capital of the Ptolemaic Egypt? | <text>What was the capital of the Ptolemaic Egypt?</text><reasoning>During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. The conqu... |
What was the capital of Seleucid Syria? | <text>What was the capital of Seleucid Syria?</text><reasoning>During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. The conquests ... |
Alexander and Antioch were centers of what culture? | <text>Alexander and Antioch were centers of what culture?</text><reasoning>During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. Th... |
What leaders conquests widened the horizons of the Greek world? | <text>What leaders conquests widened the horizons of the Greek world?</text><reasoning>During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria resp... |
What particular demographic emigrated to the new Greek empires? | <text>What particular demographic emigrated to the new Greek empires?</text><reasoning>During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria resp... |
Who did Diadochi plan to marry? | <text>Who did Diadochi plan to marry?</text><reasoning>The first of the Diadochi wars broke out when Perdiccas planned to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra and began to question Antigonus I Monophthalmus' leadership in Asia Minor. Antigonus fled for Greece, and then, together with Antipater and Craterus (the satrap of... |
Who was Alexander's sister? | <text>Who was Alexander's sister?</text><reasoning>The first of the Diadochi wars broke out when Perdiccas planned to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra and began to question Antigonus I Monophthalmus' leadership in Asia Minor. Antigonus fled for Greece, and then, together with Antipater and Craterus (the satrap of Cil... |
Who was the leader in Asia Minor? | <text>Who was the leader in Asia Minor?</text><reasoning>The first of the Diadochi wars broke out when Perdiccas planned to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra and began to question Antigonus I Monophthalmus' leadership in Asia Minor. Antigonus fled for Greece, and then, together with Antipater and Craterus (the satrap ... |
Along with Antipater and Craterus, Antigonus I Monophthalmus invaded which region? | <text>Along with Antipater and Craterus, Antigonus I Monophthalmus invaded which region?</text><reasoning>The first of the Diadochi wars broke out when Perdiccas planned to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra and began to question Antigonus I Monophthalmus' leadership in Asia Minor. Antigonus fled for Greece, and then, ... |
Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes murdered whom? | <text>Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes murdered whom?</text><reasoning>The first of the Diadochi wars broke out when Perdiccas planned to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra and began to question Antigonus I Monophthalmus' leadership in Asia Minor. Antigonus fled for Greece, and then, together with Antipater and Crateru... |
What period was Hellenistic culture at it's height? | <text>What period was Hellenistic culture at it's height?</text><reasoning>Hellenistic culture was at its height of world influence in the Hellenistic period. Hellenism or at least Philhellenism reached most regions on the frontiers of the Hellenistic kingdoms. Though some of these regions were not ruled by Greeks or e... |
Even though some regions were not ruled by Greeks, they still were influenced by which culture? | <text>Even though some regions were not ruled by Greeks, they still were influenced by which culture?</text><reasoning>Hellenistic culture was at its height of world influence in the Hellenistic period. Hellenism or at least Philhellenism reached most regions on the frontiers of the Hellenistic kingdoms. Though some of... |
Hellenism or Philhellenism reached the frontiers of what kingdom? | <text>Hellenism or Philhellenism reached the frontiers of what kingdom?</text><reasoning>Hellenistic culture was at its height of world influence in the Hellenistic period. Hellenism or at least Philhellenism reached most regions on the frontiers of the Hellenistic kingdoms. Though some of these regions were not ruled ... |
Who wrote Geschichte des Hellenismus? | <text>Who wrote Geschichte des Hellenismus?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ancient t... |
What does Geschichte des Hellenismus mean? | <text>What does Geschichte des Hellenismus mean?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since anci... |
Who wrote Culture and Anarchy? | <text>Who wrote Culture and Anarchy?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ancient times, i... |
What century did Hellenistic become a concept? | <text>What century did Hellenistic become a concept?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ... |
In Culture and Anarchy, Hebraism is contrasted with what? | <text>In Culture and Anarchy, Hebraism is contrasted with what?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been atte... |
The word "Hellenistic" was derived in what time period? | <text>The word "Hellenistic" was derived in what time period?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attest... |
Who coined the term "Hellenistic?" | <text>Who coined the term "Hellenistic?"</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ancient time... |
What was Droysen's work called that explained the era? | <text>What was Droysen's work called that explained the era?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been atteste... |
Who wrote Culture and Anarchy? | <text>Who wrote Culture and Anarchy?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ancient times, i... |
Hellenism contrasts with what other similar concept of era? | <text>Hellenism contrasts with what other similar concept of era?</text><reasoning>"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been at... |
How many talents did Diadochi steal from Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa? | <text>How many talents did Diadochi steal from Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa?</text><reasoning>The third war of the Diadochi broke out because of the growing power and ambition of Antigonus. He began removing and appointing satraps as if he were king and also raided the royal treasuries in Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa... |
Who defeated Demetrius Poliorcetes? | <text>Who defeated Demetrius Poliorcetes?</text><reasoning>The third war of the Diadochi broke out because of the growing power and ambition of Antigonus. He began removing and appointing satraps as if he were king and also raided the royal treasuries in Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa, making off with 25,000 talents. Se... |
When was the Battle of Gaza? | <text>When was the Battle of Gaza?</text><reasoning>The third war of the Diadochi broke out because of the growing power and ambition of Antigonus. He began removing and appointing satraps as if he were king and also raided the royal treasuries in Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa, making off with 25,000 talents. Seleucus ... |
Who ordered the death of King Alexander IV? | <text>Who ordered the death of King Alexander IV?</text><reasoning>The third war of the Diadochi broke out because of the growing power and ambition of Antigonus. He began removing and appointing satraps as if he were king and also raided the royal treasuries in Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa, making off with 25,000 tal... |
What year did the Argead Dynasty end? | <text>What year did the Argead Dynasty end?</text><reasoning>The third war of the Diadochi broke out because of the growing power and ambition of Antigonus. He began removing and appointing satraps as if he were king and also raided the royal treasuries in Ectabana, Persepolis and Susa, making off with 25,000 talents. ... |
When was the Aetolian League formed? | <text>When was the Aetolian League formed?</text><reasoning>Other city states formed federated states in self-defense, such as the Aetolian League (est. 370 BCE), the Achaean League (est. 280 BCE), the Boeotian league, the "Northern League" (Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium) and the "Nesiotic League" of ... |
When was the Achaean League formed? | <text>When was the Achaean League formed?</text><reasoning>Other city states formed federated states in self-defense, such as the Aetolian League (est. 370 BCE), the Achaean League (est. 280 BCE), the Boeotian league, the "Northern League" (Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium) and the "Nesiotic League" of t... |
Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium formed what league? | <text>Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium formed what league?</text><reasoning>Other city states formed federated states in self-defense, such as the Aetolian League (est. 370 BCE), the Achaean League (est. 280 BCE), the Boeotian league, the "Northern League" (Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium... |
What system delegates military and foreign affairs to the central government and local affairs to the city states? | <text>What system delegates military and foreign affairs to the central government and local affairs to the city states?</text><reasoning>Other city states formed federated states in self-defense, such as the Aetolian League (est. 370 BCE), the Achaean League (est. 280 BCE), the Boeotian league, the "Northern League" (... |
What league freed Corinth? | <text>What league freed Corinth?</text><reasoning>Other city states formed federated states in self-defense, such as the Aetolian League (est. 370 BCE), the Achaean League (est. 280 BCE), the Boeotian league, the "Northern League" (Byzantium, Chalcedon, Heraclea Pontica and Tium) and the "Nesiotic League" of the Cyclad... |
When did Doson die? | <text>When did Doson die?</text><reasoning>Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling o... |
Who took control when Doson died? | <text>Who took control when Doson died?</text><reasoning>Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as ... |
Which ruler had the last, best chance of uniting Greece? | <text>Which ruler had the last, best chance of uniting Greece?</text><reasoning>Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of... |
What was Philip V known as? | <text>What was Philip V known as?</text><reasoning>Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the d... |
When was the Peace of Naupactus? | <text>When was the Peace of Naupactus?</text><reasoning>Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "... |
What war did Antigonus II fight Athenians? | <text>What war did Antigonus II fight Athenians?</text><reasoning>Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Und... |
What mines decreased in production under the Antigonids? | <text>What mines decreased in production under the Antigonids?</text><reasoning>Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus ... |
How large was the Macedonian army under the Antigonids? | <text>How large was the Macedonian army under the Antigonids?</text><reasoning>Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus o... |
Who taught Antigonus II? | <text>Who taught Antigonus II?</text><reasoning>Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Under the Antigonids,... |
Who did Antigonus II defend against? | <text>Who did Antigonus II defend against?</text><reasoning>Antigonus II, a student of Zeno of Citium, spent most of his rule defending Macedon against Epirus and cementing Macedonian power in Greece, first against the Athenians in the Chremonidean War, and then against the Achaean League of Aratus of Sicyon. Under the... |
What did Rhodians build to commemorate their victory over Demetrius Poliorcetes? | <text>What did Rhodians build to commemorate their victory over Demetrius Poliorcetes?</text><reasoning>One of the few city states who managed to maintain full independence from the control of any Hellenistic kingdom was Rhodes. With a skilled navy to protect its trade fleets from pirates and an ideal strategic positio... |
What period did Rhodes prosper? | <text>What period did Rhodes prosper?</text><reasoning>One of the few city states who managed to maintain full independence from the control of any Hellenistic kingdom was Rhodes. With a skilled navy to protect its trade fleets from pirates and an ideal strategic position covering the routes from the east into the Aege... |
What military force helped Rhodes maintain their independence? | <text>What military force helped Rhodes maintain their independence?</text><reasoning>One of the few city states who managed to maintain full independence from the control of any Hellenistic kingdom was Rhodes. With a skilled navy to protect its trade fleets from pirates and an ideal strategic position covering the rou... |
What years were Rhodes under attack by Demetrius Poliorcetes? | <text>What years were Rhodes under attack by Demetrius Poliorcetes?</text><reasoning>One of the few city states who managed to maintain full independence from the control of any Hellenistic kingdom was Rhodes. With a skilled navy to protect its trade fleets from pirates and an ideal strategic position covering the rout... |
When was the Lamian war? | <text>When was the Lamian war?</text><reasoning>Independent city states were unable to compete with Hellenistic kingdoms and were usually forced to ally themselves to one of them for defense, giving honors to Hellenistic rulers in return for protection. One example is Athens, which had been decisively defeated by Antip... |
When did Demetrius Poliorcetes capture Athens? | <text>When did Demetrius Poliorcetes capture Athens?</text><reasoning>Independent city states were unable to compete with Hellenistic kingdoms and were usually forced to ally themselves to one of them for defense, giving honors to Hellenistic rulers in return for protection. One example is Athens, which had been decisi... |
Who was Demetrius Poliorcetes' father? | <text>Who was Demetrius Poliorcetes' father?</text><reasoning>Independent city states were unable to compete with Hellenistic kingdoms and were usually forced to ally themselves to one of them for defense, giving honors to Hellenistic rulers in return for protection. One example is Athens, which had been decisively def... |
Athens allied with what region to eliminate Macedonian rule? | <text>Athens allied with what region to eliminate Macedonian rule?</text><reasoning>Independent city states were unable to compete with Hellenistic kingdoms and were usually forced to ally themselves to one of them for defense, giving honors to Hellenistic rulers in return for protection. One example is Athens, which h... |
When was the Chremonidean War? | <text>When was the Chremonidean War?</text><reasoning>Independent city states were unable to compete with Hellenistic kingdoms and were usually forced to ally themselves to one of them for defense, giving honors to Hellenistic rulers in return for protection. One example is Athens, which had been decisively defeated by... |
What years did Queen Teutra reign? | <text>What years did Queen Teutra reign?</text><reasoning>The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and th... |
From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor? | <text>From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor?</text><reasoning>The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian P... |
What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts? | <text>What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts?</text><reasoning>The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inl... |
What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast? | <text>What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast?</text><reasoning>The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom a... |
What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia? | <text>What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia?</text><reasoning>The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeo... |
When was Israeli fusion cuisine first developed? | <text>When was Israeli fusion cuisine first developed?</text><reasoning>Israeli cuisine includes local dishes as well as dishes brought to the country by Jewish immigrants from the diaspora. Since the establishment of the State in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli fusion cuisine has developed. Rou... |
Kosher restaurants make up what percent of total restaurants? | <text>Kosher restaurants make up what percent of total restaurants?</text><reasoning>Israeli cuisine includes local dishes as well as dishes brought to the country by Jewish immigrants from the diaspora. Since the establishment of the State in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli fusion cuisine has d... |
What is pork often called in Israel? | <text>What is pork often called in Israel?</text><reasoning>Israeli cuisine includes local dishes as well as dishes brought to the country by Jewish immigrants from the diaspora. Since the establishment of the State in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli fusion cuisine has developed. Roughly half of... |
What region was the center of the Odrysian Kingdom? | <text>What region was the center of the Odrysian Kingdom?</text><reasoning>The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimach... |
Who used Thracians and Agrianes as light cavalry? | <text>Who used Thracians and Agrianes as light cavalry?</text><reasoning>The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus... |
What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes? | <text>What fraction of Alexander's army was made up of Thracians and Agrianes?</text><reasoning>The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexande... |
What language was spoken by the Odrysians? | <text>What language was spoken by the Odrysians?</text><reasoning>The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus, Ptole... |
Which kings wre among the first to be Hellenized? | <text>Which kings wre among the first to be Hellenized?</text><reasoning>The Odrysian Kingdom was a union of Thracian tribes under the kings of the powerful Odrysian tribe centered around the region of Thrace. Various parts of Thrace were under Macedonian rule under Philip II of Macedon, Alexander the Great, Lysimachus... |
What was Southern Italy refered to as? | <text>What was Southern Italy refered to as?</text><reasoning>Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sicily was Agathocles ... |
Southern Italy and south-eastern Sicily were colonized by the Greeks in what century? | <text>Southern Italy and south-eastern Sicily were colonized by the Greeks in what century?</text><reasoning>Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic peri... |
In 310 Agathocles invaded Tunisia and defeated what army? | <text>In 310 Agathocles invaded Tunisia and defeated what army?</text><reasoning>Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sic... |
Who was the leading figure in Sicily during the Hellenistic period? | <text>Who was the leading figure in Sicily during the Hellenistic period?</text><reasoning>Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading fig... |
In defense of Tarentum, when did Agathocles attack Italy? | <text>In defense of Tarentum, when did Agathocles attack Italy?</text><reasoning>Southern Italy (Magna Graecia) and south-eastern Sicily had been colonized by the Greeks during the 8th century. In 4th century Sicily the leading Greek city and hegemon was Syracuse. During the Hellenistic period the leading figure in Sic... |
Which city held the most prestigious seat of higher education? | <text>Which city held the most prestigious seat of higher education?</text><reasoning>Athens retained its position as the most prestigious seat of higher education, especially in the domains of philosophy and rhetoric, with considerable libraries and philosophical schools. Alexandria had the monumental Museum (i.e. res... |
What library was estimated to have 700,000 volumes? | <text>What library was estimated to have 700,000 volumes?</text><reasoning>Athens retained its position as the most prestigious seat of higher education, especially in the domains of philosophy and rhetoric, with considerable libraries and philosophical schools. Alexandria had the monumental Museum (i.e. research cente... |
Which city became a major center of book production? | <text>Which city became a major center of book production?</text><reasoning>Athens retained its position as the most prestigious seat of higher education, especially in the domains of philosophy and rhetoric, with considerable libraries and philosophical schools. Alexandria had the monumental Museum (i.e. research cent... |
What island has a famous finishing school for diplomacy and politics? | <text>What island has a famous finishing school for diplomacy and politics?</text><reasoning>Athens retained its position as the most prestigious seat of higher education, especially in the domains of philosophy and rhetoric, with considerable libraries and philosophical schools. Alexandria had the monumental Museum (i... |
What replaced Babylon as the metropolis of the lower Tigris? | <text>What replaced Babylon as the metropolis of the lower Tigris?</text><reasoning>Athens retained its position as the most prestigious seat of higher education, especially in the domains of philosophy and rhetoric, with considerable libraries and philosophical schools. Alexandria had the monumental Museum (i.e. resea... |
Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death? | <text>Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death?</text><reasoning>Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as... |
When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position? | <text>When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position?</text><reasoning>Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "S... |
When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I? | <text>When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I?</text><reasoning>Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (... |
What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy? | <text>What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy?</text><reasoning>Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour)... |
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