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What was the name of the only turret ship that was able to conduct operations? | <text>What was the name of the only turret ship that was able to conduct operations?</text><reasoning>When the war began, the French government ordered a blockade of the North German coasts, which the small North German navy (Norddeutsche Bundesmarine) with only five ironclads could do little to oppose. For most of the... |
In pursuing Prussian ships, what resource was quickly depleted? | <text>In pursuing Prussian ships, what resource was quickly depleted?</text><reasoning>When the war began, the French government ordered a blockade of the North German coasts, which the small North German navy (Norddeutsche Bundesmarine) with only five ironclads could do little to oppose. For most of the war, the three... |
The French Marines and naval infantry were dispatched to reinforce what? | <text>The French Marines and naval infantry were dispatched to reinforce what?</text><reasoning>The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III. A shortage of officers, fo... |
The French navy fell captive where? | <text>The French navy fell captive where?</text><reasoning>The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III. A shortage of officers, following the capture of most of the pr... |
Who also was captured at Sedan? | <text>Who also was captured at Sedan?</text><reasoning>The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III. A shortage of officers, following the capture of most of the profes... |
The autumn storms of what sea forced the return of yet more French ships? | <text>The autumn storms of what sea forced the return of yet more French ships?</text><reasoning>The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III. A shortage of officers, f... |
On which rough date did the French navy abandon their blockade? | <text>On which rough date did the French navy abandon their blockade?</text><reasoning>The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III. A shortage of officers, following t... |
What aspect of the Chassepot was superior to the German needle gun? | <text>What aspect of the Chassepot was superior to the German needle gun?</text><reasoning>The French breech-loading rifle, the Chassepot, had a far longer range than the German needle gun; 1,500 yards (1,400 m) compared to 600 yd (550 m). The French also had an early machine-gun type weapon, the mitrailleuse, which co... |
What French weapon was considered a rough prototype of the first machine gun? | <text>What French weapon was considered a rough prototype of the first machine gun?</text><reasoning>The French breech-loading rifle, the Chassepot, had a far longer range than the German needle gun; 1,500 yards (1,400 m) compared to 600 yd (550 m). The French also had an early machine-gun type weapon, the mitrailleuse... |
How many barrels did the mitrailleuse feature? | <text>How many barrels did the mitrailleuse feature?</text><reasoning>The French breech-loading rifle, the Chassepot, had a far longer range than the German needle gun; 1,500 yards (1,400 m) compared to 600 yd (550 m). The French also had an early machine-gun type weapon, the mitrailleuse, which could fire its thirty-s... |
What was the range of the mitrailleuse? | <text>What was the range of the mitrailleuse?</text><reasoning>The French breech-loading rifle, the Chassepot, had a far longer range than the German needle gun; 1,500 yards (1,400 m) compared to 600 yd (550 m). The French also had an early machine-gun type weapon, the mitrailleuse, which could fire its thirty-seven ba... |
Treating the mitrailleuse like what rendered it far less effective | <text>Treating the mitrailleuse like what rendered it far less effective</text><reasoning>The French breech-loading rifle, the Chassepot, had a far longer range than the German needle gun; 1,500 yards (1,400 m) compared to 600 yd (550 m). The French also had an early machine-gun type weapon, the mitrailleuse, which cou... |
Who commanded the French army at the battle of Worth? | <text>Who commanded the French army at the battle of Worth?</text><reasoning>While the French army under General MacMahon engaged the German 3rd Army at the Battle of Wörth, the German 1st Army under Steinmetz finished their advance west from Saarbrücken. A patrol from the German 2nd Army under Prince Friedrich Karl of... |
Which German divisison did MacMahon engage? | <text>Which German divisison did MacMahon engage?</text><reasoning>While the French army under General MacMahon engaged the German 3rd Army at the Battle of Wörth, the German 1st Army under Steinmetz finished their advance west from Saarbrücken. A patrol from the German 2nd Army under Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia s... |
Who commanded the German 1st Army? | <text>Who commanded the German 1st Army?</text><reasoning>While the French army under General MacMahon engaged the German 3rd Army at the Battle of Wörth, the German 1st Army under Steinmetz finished their advance west from Saarbrücken. A patrol from the German 2nd Army under Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia spotted de... |
What did a German patrol spot that led them to believe that Frossard had retreated? | <text>What did a German patrol spot that led them to believe that Frossard had retreated?</text><reasoning>While the French army under General MacMahon engaged the German 3rd Army at the Battle of Wörth, the German 1st Army under Steinmetz finished their advance west from Saarbrücken. A patrol from the German 2nd Army ... |
Whose plan did German armies ignore in attacking Frossard? | <text>Whose plan did German armies ignore in attacking Frossard?</text><reasoning>While the French army under General MacMahon engaged the German 3rd Army at the Battle of Wörth, the German 1st Army under Steinmetz finished their advance west from Saarbrücken. A patrol from the German 2nd Army under Prince Friedrich Ka... |
On which date did the battle begin with the Army of Chalons attacking various Prussian divisions? | <text>On which date did the battle begin with the Army of Chalons attacking various Prussian divisions?</text><reasoning>On 1 September 1870, the battle opened with the Army of Châlons, with 202 infantry battalions, 80 cavalry squadrons and 564 guns, attacking the surrounding Prussian Third and Meuse Armies totaling 22... |
Who commanded the French V Corps in reserve? | <text>Who commanded the French V Corps in reserve?</text><reasoning>On 1 September 1870, the battle opened with the Army of Châlons, with 202 infantry battalions, 80 cavalry squadrons and 564 guns, attacking the surrounding Prussian Third and Meuse Armies totaling 222 infantry battalions, 186 cavalry squadrons and 774 ... |
As the French were hard-hit by the Prussian artillery, what continued to show up to the battlefield? | <text>As the French were hard-hit by the Prussian artillery, what continued to show up to the battlefield?</text><reasoning>On 1 September 1870, the battle opened with the Army of Châlons, with 202 infantry battalions, 80 cavalry squadrons and 564 guns, attacking the surrounding Prussian Third and Meuse Armies totaling... |
Which commander of the French calvary led three desperate attacks on Floing? | <text>Which commander of the French calvary led three desperate attacks on Floing?</text><reasoning>On 1 September 1870, the battle opened with the Army of Châlons, with 202 infantry battalions, 80 cavalry squadrons and 564 guns, attacking the surrounding Prussian Third and Meuse Armies totaling 222 infantry battalions... |
How many casualties did the French suffer? | <text>How many casualties did the French suffer?</text><reasoning>On 1 September 1870, the battle opened with the Army of Châlons, with 202 infantry battalions, 80 cavalry squadrons and 564 guns, attacking the surrounding Prussian Third and Meuse Armies totaling 222 infantry battalions, 186 cavalry squadrons and 774 gu... |
Which marshal was closest to Wissembourg? | <text>Which marshal was closest to Wissembourg?</text><reasoning>Marshal MacMahon, now closest to Wissembourg, spread his four divisions over 20 miles (32 km) to react to any Prussian invasion. This organization of forces was due to a lack of supplies, forcing each division to seek out basic provisions along with the r... |
How many divisions did MacMahon command? | <text>How many divisions did MacMahon command?</text><reasoning>Marshal MacMahon, now closest to Wissembourg, spread his four divisions over 20 miles (32 km) to react to any Prussian invasion. This organization of forces was due to a lack of supplies, forcing each division to seek out basic provisions along with the re... |
Over how many miles did MacMahon's divisions cover? | <text>Over how many miles did MacMahon's divisions cover?</text><reasoning>Marshal MacMahon, now closest to Wissembourg, spread his four divisions over 20 miles (32 km) to react to any Prussian invasion. This organization of forces was due to a lack of supplies, forcing each division to seek out basic provisions along ... |
Whose conduct made a bad situation worse? | <text>Whose conduct made a bad situation worse?</text><reasoning>Marshal MacMahon, now closest to Wissembourg, spread his four divisions over 20 miles (32 km) to react to any Prussian invasion. This organization of forces was due to a lack of supplies, forcing each division to seek out basic provisions along with the r... |
What group did General Ducrot command? | <text>What group did General Ducrot command?</text><reasoning>Marshal MacMahon, now closest to Wissembourg, spread his four divisions over 20 miles (32 km) to react to any Prussian invasion. This organization of forces was due to a lack of supplies, forcing each division to seek out basic provisions along with the repr... |
Who was the Prussian Minister of War? | <text>Who was the Prussian Minister of War?</text><reasoning>Albrecht von Roon, the Prussian Minister of War from 1859 to 1873, put into effect a series of reforms of the Prussian military system in the 1860s. Among these were two major reforms that substantially increased the military power of Germany. The first was a... |
What was the time span that von Roon acted as minister? | <text>What was the time span that von Roon acted as minister?</text><reasoning>Albrecht von Roon, the Prussian Minister of War from 1859 to 1873, put into effect a series of reforms of the Prussian military system in the 1860s. Among these were two major reforms that substantially increased the military power of German... |
He instituted a series of what regarding the Prussian military? | <text>He instituted a series of what regarding the Prussian military?</text><reasoning>Albrecht von Roon, the Prussian Minister of War from 1859 to 1873, put into effect a series of reforms of the Prussian military system in the 1860s. Among these were two major reforms that substantially increased the military power o... |
What was the first step in the reforms? | <text>What was the first step in the reforms?</text><reasoning>Albrecht von Roon, the Prussian Minister of War from 1859 to 1873, put into effect a series of reforms of the Prussian military system in the 1860s. Among these were two major reforms that substantially increased the military power of Germany. The first was... |
What was the second reform? | <text>What was the second reform?</text><reasoning>Albrecht von Roon, the Prussian Minister of War from 1859 to 1873, put into effect a series of reforms of the Prussian military system in the 1860s. Among these were two major reforms that substantially increased the military power of Germany. The first was a reorganiz... |
What type of artillery were the French equipped with? | <text>What type of artillery were the French equipped with?</text><reasoning>The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for a high rate of fire, which was d... |
What newer artillery were Prussians using? | <text>What newer artillery were Prussians using?</text><reasoning>The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for a high rate of fire, which was discouraged ... |
What did the French believe was overly wasted in artillery with a higher rate of fire? | <text>What did the French believe was overly wasted in artillery with a higher rate of fire?</text><reasoning>The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for... |
The Prussian artillery batteries had what percentage more of guns than the French? | <text>The Prussian artillery batteries had what percentage more of guns than the French?</text><reasoning>The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for a h... |
What was the typical range that Prussian guns could fire? | <text>What was the typical range that Prussian guns could fire?</text><reasoning>The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for a high rate of fire, which w... |
What became highly politicised during the war? | <text>What became highly politicised during the war?</text><reasoning>During the war, the Paris National Guard, particularly in the working-class neighbourhoods of Paris, had become highly politicised and units elected officers; many refused to wear uniforms or obey commands from the national government. National guard... |
In what type of neighborhoods did the occur especially? | <text>In what type of neighborhoods did the occur especially?</text><reasoning>During the war, the Paris National Guard, particularly in the working-class neighbourhoods of Paris, had become highly politicised and units elected officers; many refused to wear uniforms or obey commands from the national government. Natio... |
What did the National Guard refuse to wear? | <text>What did the National Guard refuse to wear?</text><reasoning>During the war, the Paris National Guard, particularly in the working-class neighbourhoods of Paris, had become highly politicised and units elected officers; many refused to wear uniforms or obey commands from the national government. National guard un... |
What did the National Guard refuse to obey? | <text>What did the National Guard refuse to obey?</text><reasoning>During the war, the Paris National Guard, particularly in the working-class neighbourhoods of Paris, had become highly politicised and units elected officers; many refused to wear uniforms or obey commands from the national government. National guard un... |
On which dates did La Semaine Sanglante occur in Paris? | <text>On which dates did La Semaine Sanglante occur in Paris?</text><reasoning>During the war, the Paris National Guard, particularly in the working-class neighbourhoods of Paris, had become highly politicised and units elected officers; many refused to wear uniforms or obey commands from the national government. Natio... |
On what date did the Government of National Defence negotiate an armistice? | <text>On what date did the Government of National Defence negotiate an armistice?</text><reasoning>On 28 January 1871 the Government of National Defence based in Paris negotiated an armistice with the Prussians. With Paris starving, and Gambetta's provincial armies reeling from one disaster after another, French foreig... |
With whom did the French government negotiate? | <text>With whom did the French government negotiate?</text><reasoning>On 28 January 1871 the Government of National Defence based in Paris negotiated an armistice with the Prussians. With Paris starving, and Gambetta's provincial armies reeling from one disaster after another, French foreign minister Favre went to Vers... |
What consequence of war were Parisians suffering? | <text>What consequence of war were Parisians suffering?</text><reasoning>On 28 January 1871 the Government of National Defence based in Paris negotiated an armistice with the Prussians. With Paris starving, and Gambetta's provincial armies reeling from one disaster after another, French foreign minister Favre went to V... |
Which French minister traveled to Versailles to discuss peace? | <text>Which French minister traveled to Versailles to discuss peace?</text><reasoning>On 28 January 1871 the Government of National Defence based in Paris negotiated an armistice with the Prussians. With Paris starving, and Gambetta's provincial armies reeling from one disaster after another, French foreign minister Fa... |
What was the date on which jFarve and Bismarck met? | <text>What was the date on which jFarve and Bismarck met?</text><reasoning>On 28 January 1871 the Government of National Defence based in Paris negotiated an armistice with the Prussians. With Paris starving, and Gambetta's provincial armies reeling from one disaster after another, French foreign minister Favre went to... |
What was the republican government amenable to? | <text>What was the republican government amenable to?</text><reasoning>While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that France would not "yield an... |
Who declared that France would not yield "an inch of its territory?" | <text>Who declared that France would not yield "an inch of its territory?"</text><reasoning>While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that Franc... |
Who was Favre speaking on behalf of? | <text>Who was Favre speaking on behalf of?</text><reasoning>While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that France would not "yield an inch of it... |
When did Favre make the declaration concerning colonial territories? | <text>When did Favre make the declaration concerning colonial territories?</text><reasoning>While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that Franc... |
What did this cause the Republic to renew? | <text>What did this cause the Republic to renew?</text><reasoning>While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that France would not "yield an inch... |
Where in Eritrea did Italian scientists find one of the oldest hominids? | <text>Where in Eritrea did Italian scientists find one of the oldest hominids?</text><reasoning>At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was found by Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find ... |
How old was the hominid that was found in Eritrea? | <text>How old was the hominid that was found in Eritrea?</text><reasoning>At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was found by Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find of its kind and provid... |
What place in Eritrea is believed to have played a major part in human evolution? | <text>What place in Eritrea is believed to have played a major part in human evolution?</text><reasoning>At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was found by Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skele... |
What possible link is represented by the hominid found in Eritrea? | <text>What possible link is represented by the hominid found in Eritrea?</text><reasoning>At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was found by Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find of its... |
What is the importance pertaining to the age of the hominid that was found in Eritrea? | <text>What is the importance pertaining to the age of the hominid that was found in Eritrea?</text><reasoning>At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was found by Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest ... |
A unified German Empire ended the balance of power in which congress? | <text>A unified German Empire ended the balance of power in which congress?</text><reasoning>The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in continental Europe w... |
At the end of the Napoleonic wars, Germany had established itself as what, in continental Europe? | <text>At the end of the Napoleonic wars, Germany had established itself as what, in continental Europe?</text><reasoning>The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main p... |
Who remained the dominant world power at this time? | <text>Who remained the dominant world power at this time?</text><reasoning>The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in continental Europe with the most power... |
British involvement in European matters in the late 19th century was considered what? | <text>British involvement in European matters in the late 19th century was considered what?</text><reasoning>The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in cont... |
The Crown Prince's marriage to whom was considered the most prominent of German-British royal liasons? | <text>The Crown Prince's marriage to whom was considered the most prominent of German-British royal liasons?</text><reasoning>The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the m... |
When was the Aussa Sultanate established? | <text>When was the Aussa Sultanate established?</text><reasoning>At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into ... |
Where was the Aussa Sultanate established? | <text>Where was the Aussa Sultanate established?</text><reasoning>At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into... |
Who was the leader of Afar in 1734? | <text>Who was the leader of Afar in 1734?</text><reasoning>At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa ... |
What did Kedafu establish in 1734? | <text>What did Kedafu establish in 1734?</text><reasoning>At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa a... |
What marked the start of a new and sophisticated polity that would last into the colonial period? | <text>What marked the start of a new and sophisticated polity that would last into the colonial period?</text><reasoning>At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to A... |
At the start of the war, how many German troops were focused on the French frontier? | <text>At the start of the war, how many German troops were focused on the French frontier?</text><reasoning>At the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers... |
How many French troops were available to stand again the Germans? | <text>How many French troops were available to stand again the Germans?</text><reasoning>At the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers before a shot was ... |
What is the literal meaning of the Prussian word "Kreis?" | <text>What is the literal meaning of the Prussian word "Kreis?"</text><reasoning>At the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers before a shot was fired th... |
What did the French military numbers suffer from the most? | <text>What did the French military numbers suffer from the most?</text><reasoning>At the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers before a shot was fired t... |
What is the active component of the U.S. Army? | <text>What is the active component of the U.S. Army?</text><reasoning>The United States Army is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. Both reserve components are primarily composed of part-time soldiers who train on... |
What are the two reserve components of the U.S. Army? | <text>What are the two reserve components of the U.S. Army?</text><reasoning>The United States Army is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. Both reserve components are primarily composed of part-time soldiers who t... |
What are UTAs? | <text>What are UTAs?</text><reasoning>The United States Army is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. Both reserve components are primarily composed of part-time soldiers who train once a month, known as battle asse... |
The U.S. Army is organized under what title of the United States Code? | <text>The U.S. Army is organized under what title of the United States Code?</text><reasoning>The United States Army is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. Both reserve components are primarily composed of part-ti... |
Who does the D.C. National Guard report to? | <text>Who does the D.C. National Guard report to?</text><reasoning>The United States Army is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve. Both reserve components are primarily composed of part-time soldiers who train once ... |
Who was James Bruce? | <text>Who was James Bruce?</text><reasoning>The Scottish traveler James Bruce reported in 1770 that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia, noting that the two territories were frequently in conflict. The Bahre-Nagassi ("Kings of the Sea") alternately fought with or against the Abyssinians and the n... |
In 1770, who reported that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia? | <text>In 1770, who reported that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia?</text><reasoning>The Scottish traveler James Bruce reported in 1770 that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia, noting that the two territories were frequently in conflict. The Bahre-Nagassi ("Kings of the ... |
How is The Bahre-Nagassi translated? | <text>How is The Bahre-Nagassi translated?</text><reasoning>The Scottish traveler James Bruce reported in 1770 that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia, noting that the two territories were frequently in conflict. The Bahre-Nagassi ("Kings of the Sea") alternately fought with or against the Abyss... |
What determined whether The Bahre-Nagassi fought with or against the Abyssinians? | <text>What determined whether The Bahre-Nagassi fought with or against the Abyssinians?</text><reasoning>The Scottish traveler James Bruce reported in 1770 that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia, noting that the two territories were frequently in conflict. The Bahre-Nagassi ("Kings of the Sea")... |
Which century marked the arrival of the Ottomans? | <text>Which century marked the arrival of the Ottomans?</text><reasoning>The Scottish traveler James Bruce reported in 1770 that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia, noting that the two territories were frequently in conflict. The Bahre-Nagassi ("Kings of the Sea") alternately fought with or agai... |
How many were killed by the Communards? | <text>How many were killed by the Communards?</text><reasoning>During the fighting, the Communards killed c. 500 people, including the Archbishop of Paris, and burned down many government buildings, including the Tuileries Palace and the Hotel de Ville. Communards captured with weapons were routinely shot by the army a... |
Which religious official was also killed during the fighting? | <text>Which religious official was also killed during the fighting?</text><reasoning>During the fighting, the Communards killed c. 500 people, including the Archbishop of Paris, and burned down many government buildings, including the Tuileries Palace and the Hotel de Ville. Communards captured with weapons were routin... |
What type of buildings were especially targeted to be burned down? | <text>What type of buildings were especially targeted to be burned down?</text><reasoning>During the fighting, the Communards killed c. 500 people, including the Archbishop of Paris, and burned down many government buildings, including the Tuileries Palace and the Hotel de Ville. Communards captured with weapons were r... |
What famous palace was also burned down? | <text>What famous palace was also burned down?</text><reasoning>During the fighting, the Communards killed c. 500 people, including the Archbishop of Paris, and burned down many government buildings, including the Tuileries Palace and the Hotel de Ville. Communards captured with weapons were routinely shot by the army ... |
What is the rough estimate of the number of people killed? | <text>What is the rough estimate of the number of people killed?</text><reasoning>During the fighting, the Communards killed c. 500 people, including the Archbishop of Paris, and burned down many government buildings, including the Tuileries Palace and the Hotel de Ville. Communards captured with weapons were routinely... |
The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on what? | <text>The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on what?</text><reasoning>The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on military thinking over the next forty years. Lessons drawn from the war included the need for a general staff system, the scale and duration of future wars and the tacti... |
Lessons garnered from the war included recognizing the need for what kind of system? | <text>Lessons garnered from the war included recognizing the need for what kind of system?</text><reasoning>The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on military thinking over the next forty years. Lessons drawn from the war included the need for a general staff system, the scale and duration of future ... |
Who adopted the Prussian artillery tactics in 1914? | <text>Who adopted the Prussian artillery tactics in 1914?</text><reasoning>The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on military thinking over the next forty years. Lessons drawn from the war included the need for a general staff system, the scale and duration of future wars and the tactical use of arti... |
What was the French 75 optimised to directly support? | <text>What was the French 75 optimised to directly support?</text><reasoning>The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on military thinking over the next forty years. Lessons drawn from the war included the need for a general staff system, the scale and duration of future wars and the tactical use of ar... |
Evidence from what war suggested the increased benefits of smokeless poweder rifles? | <text>Evidence from what war suggested the increased benefits of smokeless poweder rifles?</text><reasoning>The events of the Franco-Prussian War had great influence on military thinking over the next forty years. Lessons drawn from the war included the need for a general staff system, the scale and duration of future ... |
What is the abbreviation for the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions? | <text>What is the abbreviation for the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions?</text><reasoning>Eritrea is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and is an observing member of the Arab League. The nation holds a seat on the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administ... |
What does the acronym INTERPOL stand for? | <text>What does the acronym INTERPOL stand for?</text><reasoning>Eritrea is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and is an observing member of the Arab League. The nation holds a seat on the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ). Eritrea also holds membership... |
Which league is Eritrea an observing member of? | <text>Which league is Eritrea an observing member of?</text><reasoning>Eritrea is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and is an observing member of the Arab League. The nation holds a seat on the United Nations' Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions (ACABQ). Eritrea also holds memb... |
Who ruled Aksum and also governed the port of Adulis? | <text>Who ruled Aksum and also governed the port of Adulis?</text><reasoning>The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The Aksumite... |
How did the Aksumite rulers facilitate trade? | <text>How did the Aksumite rulers facilitate trade?</text><reasoning>The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The Aksumite rulers ... |
Which kingdoms did Aksum regularly enter the politics of? | <text>Which kingdoms did Aksum regularly enter the politics of?</text><reasoning>The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The Aksu... |
Who did Aksum conquer in order to extend its rule over the Arabian peninsula? | <text>Who did Aksum conquer in order to extend its rule over the Arabian peninsula?</text><reasoning>The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port... |
Where was Ivory exported according to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea? | <text>Where was Ivory exported according to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea?</text><reasoning>The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of ... |
What purpose did stelae serve? | <text>What purpose did stelae serve?</text><reasoning>The Aksumites erected a number of large stelae, which served a religious purpose in pre-Christian times. One of these granite columns, the obelisk of Aksum, is the largest such structure in the world, standing at 90 feet. Under Ezana (fl. 320–360), Aksum later adopt... |
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