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What do we call the willingly-assumed burdens placed upon parties to both treaties and contracts? | <text>What do we call the willingly-assumed burdens placed upon parties to both treaties and contracts?</text><reasoning>Treaties can be loosely compared to contracts: both are means of willing parties assuming obligations among themselves, and a party to either that fails to live up to their obligations can be held li... |
What is a treaty that supplements a previous treaty in international law? | <text>What is a treaty that supplements a previous treaty in international law?</text><reasoning>In international law and international relations, a protocol is generally a treaty or international agreement that supplements a previous treaty or international agreement. A protocol can amend the previous treaty, or add a... |
A protocol may either amend a previous treaty or do what? | <text>A protocol may either amend a previous treaty or do what?</text><reasoning>In international law and international relations, a protocol is generally a treaty or international agreement that supplements a previous treaty or international agreement. A protocol can amend the previous treaty, or add additional provis... |
Do parties to a treaty have an obligation to adopt a later protocol? | <text>Do parties to a treaty have an obligation to adopt a later protocol?</text><reasoning>In international law and international relations, a protocol is generally a treaty or international agreement that supplements a previous treaty or international agreement. A protocol can amend the previous treaty, or add additi... |
What do we sometimes call an agreement that supplements a treaty especially when few parties to the treaty support the protocol? | <text>What do we sometimes call an agreement that supplements a treaty especially when few parties to the treaty support the protocol?</text><reasoning>In international law and international relations, a protocol is generally a treaty or international agreement that supplements a previous treaty or international agreem... |
A protocol may add additional provisions to a treaty or else do what? | <text>A protocol may add additional provisions to a treaty or else do what?</text><reasoning>In international law and international relations, a protocol is generally a treaty or international agreement that supplements a previous treaty or international agreement. A protocol can amend the previous treaty, or add addit... |
How are the agreements in a treaty expressed? | <text>How are the agreements in a treaty expressed?</text><reasoning>A treaty is an official, express written agreement that states use to legally bind themselves. A treaty is the official document which expresses that agreement in words; and it is also the objective outcome of a ceremonial occasion which acknowledges ... |
How are states that enter into a treaty bound? | <text>How are states that enter into a treaty bound?</text><reasoning>A treaty is an official, express written agreement that states use to legally bind themselves. A treaty is the official document which expresses that agreement in words; and it is also the objective outcome of a ceremonial occasion which acknowledges... |
What is an official document which expresses an agreement between two states? | <text>What is an official document which expresses an agreement between two states?</text><reasoning>A treaty is an official, express written agreement that states use to legally bind themselves. A treaty is the official document which expresses that agreement in words; and it is also the objective outcome of a ceremon... |
What is an objective outcome of a ceremonial occasion which acknowledges the defined relationships of its parties? | <text>What is an objective outcome of a ceremonial occasion which acknowledges the defined relationships of its parties?</text><reasoning>A treaty is an official, express written agreement that states use to legally bind themselves. A treaty is the official document which expresses that agreement in words; and it is al... |
Who is responsible for the legally-bound obligations of the parties to a treaty? | <text>Who is responsible for the legally-bound obligations of the parties to a treaty?</text><reasoning>A treaty is an official, express written agreement that states use to legally bind themselves. A treaty is the official document which expresses that agreement in words; and it is also the objective outcome of a cere... |
What type of treaty cannot be acted on without the proper change in domestic law? | <text>What type of treaty cannot be acted on without the proper change in domestic law?</text><reasoning>The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a treaty, since a non-self-executing treaty cannot be acted on without the proper change in domestic... |
A state party may be in default of its obligations under a non-self-executing treaty if its legislature fails to do what? | <text>A state party may be in default of its obligations under a non-self-executing treaty if its legislature fails to do what?</text><reasoning>The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a treaty, since a non-self-executing treaty cannot be acted ... |
What institution of a party to a treaty must act to fulfill the party's obligations under a non-self-executing treaty? | <text>What institution of a party to a treaty must act to fulfill the party's obligations under a non-self-executing treaty?</text><reasoning>The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a treaty, since a non-self-executing treaty cannot be acted on ... |
The often unclear division between a self-executing treaty and a non-self-executing treaty can lead to a treaty being what if disagreements exist within a party? | <text>The often unclear division between a self-executing treaty and a non-self-executing treaty can lead to a treaty being what if disagreements exist within a party?</text><reasoning>The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a treaty, since a no... |
A treaty may be politicized due to disagreements within a party because the division between a self-executing treaty and a non-self-executing treaty can often be described as what? | <text>A treaty may be politicized due to disagreements within a party because the division between a self-executing treaty and a non-self-executing treaty can often be described as what?</text><reasoning>The division between the two is often not clear and is often politicized in disagreements within a government over a... |
What is the Treaty of Waitangi internationally considered to be? | <text>What is the Treaty of Waitangi internationally considered to be?</text><reasoning>The terminology can also be confusing because a treaty may and usually is named something other than a treaty, such as a convention, protocol, or simply agreement. Conversely some legal documents such as the Treaty of Waitangi are i... |
What other terms might be used to refer to a treaty? | <text>What other terms might be used to refer to a treaty?</text><reasoning>The terminology can also be confusing because a treaty may and usually is named something other than a treaty, such as a convention, protocol, or simply agreement. Conversely some legal documents such as the Treaty of Waitangi are international... |
What common terminological problem can sometimes lead to confusion surrounding a treaty? | <text>What common terminological problem can sometimes lead to confusion surrounding a treaty?</text><reasoning>The terminology can also be confusing because a treaty may and usually is named something other than a treaty, such as a convention, protocol, or simply agreement. Conversely some legal documents such as the ... |
What's an example of a treaty that is considered internationally to be documents under domestic law? | <text>What's an example of a treaty that is considered internationally to be documents under domestic law?</text><reasoning>The terminology can also be confusing because a treaty may and usually is named something other than a treaty, such as a convention, protocol, or simply agreement. Conversely some legal documents ... |
Convention, protocol, and agreement are examples of examples of different kinds of what that can create confusion about a treaty? | <text>Convention, protocol, and agreement are examples of examples of different kinds of what that can create confusion about a treaty?</text><reasoning>The terminology can also be confusing because a treaty may and usually is named something other than a treaty, such as a convention, protocol, or simply agreement. Con... |
What happens to a state's obligations under a treaty upon its withdrawal from the treaty? | <text>What happens to a state's obligations under a treaty upon its withdrawal from the treaty?</text><reasoning>If a state party's withdrawal is successful, its obligations under that treaty are considered terminated, and withdrawal by one party from a bilateral treaty of course terminates the treaty. When a state wit... |
What kind of treaty is terminated by the withdrawal of just one party? | <text>What kind of treaty is terminated by the withdrawal of just one party?</text><reasoning>If a state party's withdrawal is successful, its obligations under that treaty are considered terminated, and withdrawal by one party from a bilateral treaty of course terminates the treaty. When a state withdraws from a multi... |
What happens to a multilateral treaty's rights and obligations among the other parties when just one party withdraws? | <text>What happens to a multilateral treaty's rights and obligations among the other parties when just one party withdraws?</text><reasoning>If a state party's withdrawal is successful, its obligations under that treaty are considered terminated, and withdrawal by one party from a bilateral treaty of course terminates ... |
After what action by a state are its obligations under a treaty considered terminated? | <text>After what action by a state are its obligations under a treaty considered terminated?</text><reasoning>If a state party's withdrawal is successful, its obligations under that treaty are considered terminated, and withdrawal by one party from a bilateral treaty of course terminates the treaty. When a state withdr... |
Under what conditions could a single state's withdrawal result in the termination of a multilateral treaty? | <text>Under what conditions could a single state's withdrawal result in the termination of a multilateral treaty?</text><reasoning>If a state party's withdrawal is successful, its obligations under that treaty are considered terminated, and withdrawal by one party from a bilateral treaty of course terminates the treaty... |
A treaty that puts all of its obligations in action simply by becoming a party to it is known as what? | <text>A treaty that puts all of its obligations in action simply by becoming a party to it is known as what?</text><reasoning>Treaties may be seen as 'self-executing', in that merely becoming a party puts the treaty and all of its obligations in action. Other treaties may be non-self-executing and require 'implementing... |
A treaty requiring local prosecution by a party for particular crimes is an example of which type of treaty? | <text>A treaty requiring local prosecution by a party for particular crimes is an example of which type of treaty?</text><reasoning>Treaties may be seen as 'self-executing', in that merely becoming a party puts the treaty and all of its obligations in action. Other treaties may be non-self-executing and require 'implem... |
Signing a self-executing treaty automatically does what for a party? | <text>Signing a self-executing treaty automatically does what for a party?</text><reasoning>Treaties may be seen as 'self-executing', in that merely becoming a party puts the treaty and all of its obligations in action. Other treaties may be non-self-executing and require 'implementing legislation'—a change in the dome... |
What stadium has been home to The Saints since 2001? | <text>What stadium has been home to The Saints since 2001?</text><reasoning>Southampton is home to Southampton Football Club—nicknamed "The Saints"—who play in the Premier League at St Mary's Stadium, having relocated in 2001 from their 103-year-old former stadium, "The Dell". They reached the top flight of English foo... |
What year did Southampton Football Club first reach the top level of English football? | <text>What year did Southampton Football Club first reach the top level of English football?</text><reasoning>Southampton is home to Southampton Football Club—nicknamed "The Saints"—who play in the Premier League at St Mary's Stadium, having relocated in 2001 from their 103-year-old former stadium, "The Dell". They rea... |
Who did The Saints beat in 1976 to win the FA Cup? | <text>Who did The Saints beat in 1976 to win the FA Cup?</text><reasoning>Southampton is home to Southampton Football Club—nicknamed "The Saints"—who play in the Premier League at St Mary's Stadium, having relocated in 2001 from their 103-year-old former stadium, "The Dell". They reached the top flight of English footb... |
What league did Southampton Football Club become founding members of in 1992? | <text>What league did Southampton Football Club become founding members of in 1992?</text><reasoning>Southampton is home to Southampton Football Club—nicknamed "The Saints"—who play in the Premier League at St Mary's Stadium, having relocated in 2001 from their 103-year-old former stadium, "The Dell". They reached the ... |
What are agreements between states within the United States called? | <text>What are agreements between states within the United States called?</text><reasoning>One significant part of treaty making is that signing a treaty implies recognition that the other side is a sovereign state and that the agreement being considered is enforceable under international law. Hence, nations can be ver... |
What are agreements between states and the federal government called within the United States? | <text>What are agreements between states and the federal government called within the United States?</text><reasoning>One significant part of treaty making is that signing a treaty implies recognition that the other side is a sovereign state and that the agreement being considered is enforceable under international law... |
In the United States, what are agreements between agencies of the federal government called? | <text>In the United States, what are agreements between agencies of the federal government called?</text><reasoning>One significant part of treaty making is that signing a treaty implies recognition that the other side is a sovereign state and that the agreement being considered is enforceable under international law. ... |
Nations can be careful about terming an agreement a treaty because it has the effect of recognizing that the other side is a what? | <text>Nations can be careful about terming an agreement a treaty because it has the effect of recognizing that the other side is a what?</text><reasoning>One significant part of treaty making is that signing a treaty implies recognition that the other side is a sovereign state and that the agreement being considered is... |
Under what do all parties to a treaty recognize the provisions of the treaty are enforceable? | <text>Under what do all parties to a treaty recognize the provisions of the treaty are enforceable?</text><reasoning>One significant part of treaty making is that signing a treaty implies recognition that the other side is a sovereign state and that the agreement being considered is enforceable under international law.... |
A more permissive rule regarding what emerged to encourage the largest number of states to join treaties? | <text>A more permissive rule regarding what emerged to encourage the largest number of states to join treaties?</text><reasoning>Originally, international law was unaccepting of treaty reservations, rejecting them unless all parties to the treaty accepted the same reservations. However, in the interest of encouraging t... |
Reservations are generally permitted so long as they are not what? | <text>Reservations are generally permitted so long as they are not what?</text><reasoning>Originally, international law was unaccepting of treaty reservations, rejecting them unless all parties to the treaty accepted the same reservations. However, in the interest of encouraging the largest number of states to join tre... |
How did international law originally respond to treaty reservations? | <text>How did international law originally respond to treaty reservations?</text><reasoning>Originally, international law was unaccepting of treaty reservations, rejecting them unless all parties to the treaty accepted the same reservations. However, in the interest of encouraging the largest number of states to join t... |
Originally reservations were rejected under international law unless which parties of the treaty accepted them? | <text>Originally reservations were rejected under international law unless which parties of the treaty accepted them?</text><reasoning>Originally, international law was unaccepting of treaty reservations, rejecting them unless all parties to the treaty accepted the same reservations. However, in the interest of encoura... |
Because they are generally accepted under international law, a treaty must forbid reservations in what manner to prevent their adoption? | <text>Because they are generally accepted under international law, a treaty must forbid reservations in what manner to prevent their adoption?</text><reasoning>Originally, international law was unaccepting of treaty reservations, rejecting them unless all parties to the treaty accepted the same reservations. However, i... |
What factor, in practice, allows a state to withdraw from any treaty at any time? | <text>What factor, in practice, allows a state to withdraw from any treaty at any time?</text><reasoning>In practice, because of sovereignty, any state can withdraw from any treaty at any time. The question of whether this is permitted is really a question of how other states will react to the withdrawal; for instance,... |
What really determines whether withdrawal from a treaty is permitted? | <text>What really determines whether withdrawal from a treaty is permitted?</text><reasoning>In practice, because of sovereignty, any state can withdraw from any treaty at any time. The question of whether this is permitted is really a question of how other states will react to the withdrawal; for instance, another sta... |
What might a state do in response to another state's withdrawal from a treaty? | <text>What might a state do in response to another state's withdrawal from a treaty?</text><reasoning>In practice, because of sovereignty, any state can withdraw from any treaty at any time. The question of whether this is permitted is really a question of how other states will react to the withdrawal; for instance, an... |
Although withdrawal from a treaty may not be possible in theory, when might it be possible anyway? | <text>Although withdrawal from a treaty may not be possible in theory, when might it be possible anyway?</text><reasoning>In practice, because of sovereignty, any state can withdraw from any treaty at any time. The question of whether this is permitted is really a question of how other states will react to the withdraw... |
Because of sovereignty when may a state withdrawal from a treaty? | <text>Because of sovereignty when may a state withdrawal from a treaty?</text><reasoning>In practice, because of sovereignty, any state can withdraw from any treaty at any time. The question of whether this is permitted is really a question of how other states will react to the withdrawal; for instance, another state m... |
Parties to a treaty may disagree over a desire to create an obligation under what? | <text>Parties to a treaty may disagree over a desire to create an obligation under what?</text><reasoning>Another situation can occur when one party wishes to create an obligation under international law, but the other party does not. This factor has been at work with respect to discussions between North Korea and the ... |
Discussions between what two countries have been influence by one party's desire to create an obligation under international law? | <text>Discussions between what two countries have been influence by one party's desire to create an obligation under international law?</text><reasoning>Another situation can occur when one party wishes to create an obligation under international law, but the other party does not. This factor has been at work with resp... |
Discussion between North Korea and the United States have been influenced by one party's desire to create obligations under international law with respect to what two topics? | <text>Discussion between North Korea and the United States have been influenced by one party's desire to create obligations under international law with respect to what two topics?</text><reasoning>Another situation can occur when one party wishes to create an obligation under international law, but the other party doe... |
North Korea and the United States have been characterized by a disagreement over one parties desire to create what with respect to security guarantees and nuclear proliferation? | <text>North Korea and the United States have been characterized by a disagreement over one parties desire to create what with respect to security guarantees and nuclear proliferation?</text><reasoning>Another situation can occur when one party wishes to create an obligation under international law, but the other party ... |
Some treaties contains provisions for what to happen if certain defined conditions are met? | <text>Some treaties contains provisions for what to happen if certain defined conditions are met?</text><reasoning>Treaties sometimes include provisions for self-termination, meaning that the treaty is automatically terminated if certain defined conditions are met. Some treaties are intended by the parties to be only t... |
What provision might a treaty include if it's meant to be only temporarily binding? | <text>What provision might a treaty include if it's meant to be only temporarily binding?</text><reasoning>Treaties sometimes include provisions for self-termination, meaning that the treaty is automatically terminated if certain defined conditions are met. Some treaties are intended by the parties to be only temporari... |
In addition to passing an expiration date, what might cause a treaty to self-terminate? | <text>In addition to passing an expiration date, what might cause a treaty to self-terminate?</text><reasoning>Treaties sometimes include provisions for self-termination, meaning that the treaty is automatically terminated if certain defined conditions are met. Some treaties are intended by the parties to be only tempo... |
What happens to a treaty that was designed to terminate under certain conditions when those conditions are actually met? | <text>What happens to a treaty that was designed to terminate under certain conditions when those conditions are actually met?</text><reasoning>Treaties sometimes include provisions for self-termination, meaning that the treaty is automatically terminated if certain defined conditions are met. Some treaties are intende... |
What may we assume the parties to a treaty intended the treaty's obligations to be if the treaty included an expiration date? | <text>What may we assume the parties to a treaty intended the treaty's obligations to be if the treaty included an expiration date?</text><reasoning>Treaties sometimes include provisions for self-termination, meaning that the treaty is automatically terminated if certain defined conditions are met. Some treaties are in... |
What may be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating a treaty? | <text>What may be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating a treaty?</text><reasoning>If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily suspending their obligations to that party under the treaty. A material breach may also b... |
In addition to terminating the treaty itself, what actions by the other parties might result from one party materially violating or beaching its obligations? | <text>In addition to terminating the treaty itself, what actions by the other parties might result from one party materially violating or beaching its obligations?</text><reasoning>If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily ... |
In addition to suspending their obligations under a treaty to the violating party, what may result from a material breach of treaty obligations? | <text>In addition to suspending their obligations under a treaty to the violating party, what may result from a material breach of treaty obligations?</text><reasoning>If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily suspending th... |
Who may invoke a material breach committed by a party to a treaty to suspend their obligations to that party? | <text>Who may invoke a material breach committed by a party to a treaty to suspend their obligations to that party?</text><reasoning>If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily suspending their obligations to that party under... |
What temporary actions can parties of a treaty take in response to a material violation of a party's obligations? | <text>What temporary actions can parties of a treaty take in response to a material violation of a party's obligations?</text><reasoning>If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily suspending their obligations to that party u... |
What are caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty? | <text>What are caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty?</text><reasoning>Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on the reserving state. These must be included at the time... |
What are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on a state? | <text>What are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on a state?</text><reasoning>Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effec... |
When must reservations be included in a treaty? | <text>When must reservations be included in a treaty?</text><reasoning>Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on the reserving state. These must be included at the time of si... |
What are parties to a treaty forbidden to do after they have already joined a treaty? | <text>What are parties to a treaty forbidden to do after they have already joined a treaty?</text><reasoning>Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on the reserving state. Th... |
A reserving party to a treaty may include a statement that attempts to do what to its legal obligations or their effects? | <text>A reserving party to a treaty may include a statement that attempts to do what to its legal obligations or their effects?</text><reasoning>Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and it... |
No one party to a treaty can do what to the other parties? | <text>No one party to a treaty can do what to the other parties?</text><reasoning>No one party to a treaty can impose its particular interpretation of the treaty upon the other parties. Consent may be implied, however, if the other parties fail to explicitly disavow that initially unilateral interpretation, particularl... |
What may be implied of other parties fail to explicitly disavow a party's initially unilateral interpretation of a treaty? | <text>What may be implied of other parties fail to explicitly disavow a party's initially unilateral interpretation of a treaty?</text><reasoning>No one party to a treaty can impose its particular interpretation of the treaty upon the other parties. Consent may be implied, however, if the other parties fail to explicit... |
Consent for a party's unilateral interpretation of a treaty may be implied if that state has acted upon its view of the treat without what from another party? | <text>Consent for a party's unilateral interpretation of a treaty may be implied if that state has acted upon its view of the treat without what from another party?</text><reasoning>No one party to a treaty can impose its particular interpretation of the treaty upon the other parties. Consent may be implied, however, i... |
Consent by all parties to a treaty to a particular interpretation of the treaty has what legal effect? | <text>Consent by all parties to a treaty to a particular interpretation of the treaty has what legal effect?</text><reasoning>No one party to a treaty can impose its particular interpretation of the treaty upon the other parties. Consent may be implied, however, if the other parties fail to explicitly disavow that init... |
The legal effect of adding another clause to a treaty that occurs when all parties to a treaty consent to a particular interpretation of the treaty is commonly known as what? | <text>The legal effect of adding another clause to a treaty that occurs when all parties to a treaty consent to a particular interpretation of the treaty is commonly known as what?</text><reasoning>No one party to a treaty can impose its particular interpretation of the treaty upon the other parties. Consent may be imp... |
What kind of clause does the United States constitution have that the Brazilian constitution does not have with the same effects? | <text>What kind of clause does the United States constitution have that the Brazilian constitution does not have with the same effects?</text><reasoning>The Brazilian federal constitution does not have a supremacy clause with the same effects as the one on the U.S. constitution, a fact that is of interest to the discus... |
A supremacy clause in a federal constitution is relevant to the discussion on the relation between treaties and what other type of legislation? | <text>A supremacy clause in a federal constitution is relevant to the discussion on the relation between treaties and what other type of legislation?</text><reasoning>The Brazilian federal constitution does not have a supremacy clause with the same effects as the one on the U.S. constitution, a fact that is of interest... |
What clause of the United States Constitution is relevant to the discussion of the relation between treaties and U.S. legislation? | <text>What clause of the United States Constitution is relevant to the discussion of the relation between treaties and U.S. legislation?</text><reasoning>The Brazilian federal constitution does not have a supremacy clause with the same effects as the one on the U.S. constitution, a fact that is of interest to the discu... |
The Brazilian constitution does not have a supremacy clause that would be of interest to the relation between state legislation and what other legal agreements? | <text>The Brazilian constitution does not have a supremacy clause that would be of interest to the relation between state legislation and what other legal agreements?</text><reasoning>The Brazilian federal constitution does not have a supremacy clause with the same effects as the one on the U.S. constitution, a fact th... |
What is the formal name for the closing protocol of a treaty? | <text>What is the formal name for the closing protocol of a treaty?</text><reasoning>The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "DONE at," then the site(s) of t... |
What typically follows the signatures in a treaty? | <text>What typically follows the signatures in a treaty?</text><reasoning>The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "DONE at," then the site(s) of the treaty's... |
How is the date typically written in a treaty? | <text>How is the date typically written in a treaty?</text><reasoning>The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "DONE at," then the site(s) of the treaty's exe... |
What is the nature of the different versions of a treaty executed in multiple languages? | <text>What is the nature of the different versions of a treaty executed in multiple languages?</text><reasoning>The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "DONE... |
A clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof" typically signals what in a treaty? | <text>A clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof" typically signals what in a treaty?</text><reasoning>The end of a treaty, the eschatocol (or closing protocol), is often signaled by a clause like "in witness whereof" or "in faith whereof," the parties have affixed their signatures, followed by the words "... |
What is an example of a treaty from which it is not possible to withdraw? | <text>What is an example of a treaty from which it is not possible to withdraw?</text><reasoning>The possibility of withdrawal depends on the terms of the treaty and its travaux preparatoire. It has, for example, been held that it is not possible to withdraw from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights... |
What state declared its intention to withdraw from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights? | <text>What state declared its intention to withdraw from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights?</text><reasoning>The possibility of withdrawal depends on the terms of the treaty and its travaux preparatoire. It has, for example, been held that it is not possible to withdraw from the International Cov... |
Who, acting as registrar, informed North Korea that withdrawal was deliberately precluded by the original signatories of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights? | <text>Who, acting as registrar, informed North Korea that withdrawal was deliberately precluded by the original signatories of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights?</text><reasoning>The possibility of withdrawal depends on the terms of the treaty and its travaux preparatoire. It has, for example, be... |
What two factors determine whether it is possible to withdraw from a treaty? | <text>What two factors determine whether it is possible to withdraw from a treaty?</text><reasoning>The possibility of withdrawal depends on the terms of the treaty and its travaux preparatoire. It has, for example, been held that it is not possible to withdraw from the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rig... |
The terms and travaux preparatoire of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights were both factors in determining what aspect of the treaty as it relates to North Korea's stated intentions? | <text>The terms and travaux preparatoire of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights were both factors in determining what aspect of the treaty as it relates to North Korea's stated intentions?</text><reasoning>The possibility of withdrawal depends on the terms of the treaty and its travaux preparatoire... |
What treaties between Japan and Korea are examples of treaties that were declared null and void? | <text>What treaties between Japan and Korea are examples of treaties that were declared null and void?</text><reasoning>There are several reasons an otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as a binding international agreement, most of which involve problems created at the formation of the treaty.[citatio... |
In what treaty were the serial Japan-Korea treaties of 1905, 1907, and 1910 confirmed as "already null and void?" | <text>In what treaty were the serial Japan-Korea treaties of 1905, 1907, and 1910 confirmed as "already null and void?"</text><reasoning>There are several reasons an otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as a binding international agreement, most of which involve problems created at the formation of th... |
Which two states signed a treaty that declared previous treaties between the two from 1905, 1907, and 1910 to be already void? | <text>Which two states signed a treaty that declared previous treaties between the two from 1905, 1907, and 1910 to be already void?</text><reasoning>There are several reasons an otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as a binding international agreement, most of which involve problems created at the fo... |
An otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as what for several reasons most of which involve problems created at the formation of a treaty? | <text>An otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as what for several reasons most of which involve problems created at the formation of a treaty?</text><reasoning>There are several reasons an otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as a binding international agreement, most of which involv... |
When a state adds reservations to a treaty, other parties to the treaty can respond to those reservations in what ways? | <text>When a state adds reservations to a treaty, other parties to the treaty can respond to those reservations in what ways?</text><reasoning>When a state limits its treaty obligations through reservations, other states party to that treaty have the option to accept those reservations, object to them, or object and op... |
Who remains unaffected when a party's reservation is accepted by a second party? | <text>Who remains unaffected when a party's reservation is accepted by a second party?</text><reasoning>When a state limits its treaty obligations through reservations, other states party to that treaty have the option to accept those reservations, object to them, or object and oppose them. If the state accepts them (o... |
What happens to the parts of the treaty affected by a rejected reservation as they concern the reserving and rejecting parties? | <text>What happens to the parts of the treaty affected by a rejected reservation as they concern the reserving and rejecting parties?</text><reasoning>When a state limits its treaty obligations through reservations, other states party to that treaty have the option to accept those reservations, object to them, or objec... |
What legal obligations exist between two state parties if one objects and opposes the other's reservations? | <text>What legal obligations exist between two state parties if one objects and opposes the other's reservations?</text><reasoning>When a state limits its treaty obligations through reservations, other states party to that treaty have the option to accept those reservations, object to them, or object and oppose them. I... |
If a state party objects and opposes another state's reservations it essentially refuses to acknowledge what? | <text>If a state party objects and opposes another state's reservations it essentially refuses to acknowledge what?</text><reasoning>When a state limits its treaty obligations through reservations, other states party to that treaty have the option to accept those reservations, object to them, or object and oppose them.... |
The preamble of what states that treaties are a source of international law? | <text>The preamble of what states that treaties are a source of international law?</text><reasoning>According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality even if approve... |
Which will prevail in a conflict between international and domestic law? | <text>Which will prevail in a conflict between international and domestic law?</text><reasoning>According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality even if approved by... |
What are started to be a source of international law in the preamble in The Law of Treaties? | <text>What are started to be a source of international law in the preamble in The Law of Treaties?</text><reasoning>According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality... |
Approval under what law will not make an act or lack thereof legal if condemned under international law? | <text>Approval under what law will not make an act or lack thereof legal if condemned under international law?</text><reasoning>According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume internatio... |
An act or lack thereof cannot be made legal under what law even if made legal under internal law? | <text>An act or lack thereof cannot be made legal under what law even if made legal under internal law?</text><reasoning>According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international leg... |
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