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What do the sheep on the Scottish banknote represent? | <text>What do the sheep on the Scottish banknote represent?</text><reasoning>The 150th anniversary of Bell's birth in 1997 was marked by a special issue of commemorative £1 banknotes from the Royal Bank of Scotland. The illustrations on the reverse of the note include Bell's face in profile, his signature, and objects ... |
What form of currency did Canada issue to celebrate Bell in 1997? | <text>What form of currency did Canada issue to celebrate Bell in 1997?</text><reasoning>The 150th anniversary of Bell's birth in 1997 was marked by a special issue of commemorative £1 banknotes from the Royal Bank of Scotland. The illustrations on the reverse of the note include Bell's face in profile, his signature, ... |
In what year did Canada put out a coin to commemorate the Silver Dart? | <text>In what year did Canada put out a coin to commemorate the Silver Dart?</text><reasoning>The 150th anniversary of Bell's birth in 1997 was marked by a special issue of commemorative £1 banknotes from the Royal Bank of Scotland. The illustrations on the reverse of the note include Bell's face in profile, his signat... |
What do ISPs provide? | <text>What do ISPs provide?</text><reasoning>ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone lines, to television cable (CATV), wireless Ethernet (wi-fi), and fiber optics.</rea... |
how do isps provide internet access? | <text>how do isps provide internet access?</text><reasoning>ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone lines, to television cable (CATV), wireless Ethernet (wi-fi), and fib... |
what is one type of technology used to connect to the internet? | <text>what is one type of technology used to connect to the internet?</text><reasoning>ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone lines, to television cable (CATV), wireles... |
what type of technology is used to connect to the internet wirelessly? | <text>what type of technology is used to connect to the internet wirelessly?</text><reasoning>ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone lines, to television cable (CATV), ... |
what was an earlier technology used to connect to the internet? | <text>what was an earlier technology used to connect to the internet?</text><reasoning>ISPs provide Internet access, employing a range of technologies to connect users to their network. Available technologies have ranged from computer modems with acoustic couplers to telephone lines, to television cable (CATV), wireles... |
Where do comics usually appear? | <text>Where do comics usually appear?</text><reasoning>Comic strips are generally short, multipanel comics that traditionally most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers. In the early 20th century, daily strips we... |
Bell gave his story about trying to find the bullet to the American Association for the Advancement of what? | <text>Bell gave his story about trying to find the bullet to the American Association for the Advancement of what?</text><reasoning>Bell's own detailed account, presented to the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1882, differs in several particulars from most of the many and varied versions now in c... |
Where did Bell go the day after trying to find the bullet? | <text>Where did Bell go the day after trying to find the bullet?</text><reasoning>Bell's own detailed account, presented to the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1882, differs in several particulars from most of the many and varied versions now in circulation, most notably by concluding that extran... |
What kind of mattress was the President directly on? | <text>What kind of mattress was the President directly on?</text><reasoning>Bell's own detailed account, presented to the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1882, differs in several particulars from most of the many and varied versions now in circulation, most notably by concluding that extraneous m... |
Where did Bell indicate that the bullet was too deep for his machine to register? | <text>Where did Bell indicate that the bullet was too deep for his machine to register?</text><reasoning>Bell's own detailed account, presented to the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1882, differs in several particulars from most of the many and varied versions now in circulation, most notably by... |
What is a VISP? | <text>What is a VISP?</text><reasoning>A virtual ISP (VISP) is an operation that purchases services from another ISP, sometimes called a wholesale ISP in this context, which allow the VISP's customers to access the Internet using services and infrastructure owned and operated by the wholesale ISP. VISPs resemble mobile... |
What do VISPs resemble? | <text>What do VISPs resemble?</text><reasoning>A virtual ISP (VISP) is an operation that purchases services from another ISP, sometimes called a wholesale ISP in this context, which allow the VISP's customers to access the Internet using services and infrastructure owned and operated by the wholesale ISP. VISPs resembl... |
What do visps purchase services from? | <text>What do visps purchase services from?</text><reasoning>A virtual ISP (VISP) is an operation that purchases services from another ISP, sometimes called a wholesale ISP in this context, which allow the VISP's customers to access the Internet using services and infrastructure owned and operated by the wholesale ISP.... |
What is SMTP? | <text>What is SMTP?</text><reasoning>Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box). The definition given in RFC 6650 covers email hosting services, as well as the relevant department of companies, universities, organizations, groups, and... |
What is IMAP? | <text>What is IMAP?</text><reasoning>Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box). The definition given in RFC 6650 covers email hosting services, as well as the relevant department of companies, universities, organizations, groups, and... |
How is access to mail provided? | <text>How is access to mail provided?</text><reasoning>Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box). The definition given in RFC 6650 covers email hosting services, as well as the relevant department of companies, universities, organiza... |
what are most mailbox providers as well? | <text>what are most mailbox providers as well?</text><reasoning>Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box). The definition given in RFC 6650 covers email hosting services, as well as the relevant department of companies, universities,... |
who possibly controls their own mail servers? | <text>who possibly controls their own mail servers?</text><reasoning>Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box). The definition given in RFC 6650 covers email hosting services, as well as the relevant department of companies, universi... |
What picture books from the 17th century show manga origins? | <text>What picture books from the 17th century show manga origins?</text><reasoning>Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock pr... |
What is ukiyo-e an example of? | <text>What is ukiyo-e an example of?</text><reasoning>Japanese comics and cartooning (manga),[g] have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga, 17th-century toba-e and kibyōshi picture books, and woodblock prints such as ukiyo-e which wer... |
Which outlet did comic supplements find success in? | <text>Which outlet did comic supplements find success in?</text><reasoning>American comics developed out of such magazines as Puck, Judge, and Life. The success of illustrated humour supplements in the New York World and later the New York American, particularly Outcault's The Yellow Kid, led to the development of news... |
Which strip had a good deal of success as a comic strip? | <text>Which strip had a good deal of success as a comic strip?</text><reasoning>American comics developed out of such magazines as Puck, Judge, and Life. The success of illustrated humour supplements in the New York World and later the New York American, particularly Outcault's The Yellow Kid, led to the development of... |
In France, what did historians find that they consider a precedent for comics? | <text>In France, what did historians find that they consider a precedent for comics?</text><reasoning>Outside of these genealogies, comics theorists and historians have seen precedents for comics in the Lascaux cave paintings in France (some of which appear to be chronological sequences of images), Egyptian hieroglyphs... |
What Michelangelo work do historians consider to be a precedent for comics? | <text>What Michelangelo work do historians consider to be a precedent for comics?</text><reasoning>Outside of these genealogies, comics theorists and historians have seen precedents for comics in the Lascaux cave paintings in France (some of which appear to be chronological sequences of images), Egyptian hieroglyphs, T... |
In Egypt, historians consider what to be a precedent for comics? | <text>In Egypt, historians consider what to be a precedent for comics?</text><reasoning>Outside of these genealogies, comics theorists and historians have seen precedents for comics in the Lascaux cave paintings in France (some of which appear to be chronological sequences of images), Egyptian hieroglyphs, Trajan's Col... |
In Rome, what do historians consider to be a precedent for comics? | <text>In Rome, what do historians consider to be a precedent for comics?</text><reasoning>Outside of these genealogies, comics theorists and historians have seen precedents for comics in the Lascaux cave paintings in France (some of which appear to be chronological sequences of images), Egyptian hieroglyphs, Trajan's C... |
In what country did Baldwin and Forlanini get together? | <text>In what country did Baldwin and Forlanini get together?</text><reasoning>During his world tour of 1910–11, Bell and Baldwin met with Forlanini in France. They had rides in the Forlanini hydrofoil boat over Lake Maggiore. Baldwin described it as being as smooth as flying. On returning to Baddeck, a number of initi... |
What did Baldwin liken the hydrofoil boat to? | <text>What did Baldwin liken the hydrofoil boat to?</text><reasoning>During his world tour of 1910–11, Bell and Baldwin met with Forlanini in France. They had rides in the Forlanini hydrofoil boat over Lake Maggiore. Baldwin described it as being as smooth as flying. On returning to Baddeck, a number of initial concept... |
Which boat was first powered by a Renault engine? | <text>Which boat was first powered by a Renault engine?</text><reasoning>During his world tour of 1910–11, Bell and Baldwin met with Forlanini in France. They had rides in the Forlanini hydrofoil boat over Lake Maggiore. Baldwin described it as being as smooth as flying. On returning to Baddeck, a number of initial con... |
Which form of comics entails the use of photographic images? | <text>Which form of comics entails the use of photographic images?</text><reasoning>Comics are a medium used to express ideas by images, often combined with text or other visual information. Comics frequently takes the form of juxtaposed sequences of panels of images. Often textual devices such as speech balloons, capt... |
In addition to onomatopoeia and captions, what can be used to show the dialogue in comics? | <text>In addition to onomatopoeia and captions, what can be used to show the dialogue in comics?</text><reasoning>Comics are a medium used to express ideas by images, often combined with text or other visual information. Comics frequently takes the form of juxtaposed sequences of panels of images. Often textual devices... |
What type of comic has taken off in the 21st century? | <text>What type of comic has taken off in the 21st century?</text><reasoning>Comics are a medium used to express ideas by images, often combined with text or other visual information. Comics frequently takes the form of juxtaposed sequences of panels of images. Often textual devices such as speech balloons, captions, a... |
The various sizes as well as how panels are arranged help with what aspect of comics? | <text>The various sizes as well as how panels are arranged help with what aspect of comics?</text><reasoning>Comics are a medium used to express ideas by images, often combined with text or other visual information. Comics frequently takes the form of juxtaposed sequences of panels of images. Often textual devices such... |
French comics are also known as what? | <text>French comics are also known as what?</text><reasoning>The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous (or comic) work that predominated in early... |
When is the term comics considered singular rather than plural? | <text>When is the term comics considered singular rather than plural?</text><reasoning>The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous (or comic) work ... |
The historical aspect of cartooning can be applied to mass reproduction or what? | <text>The historical aspect of cartooning can be applied to mass reproduction or what?</text><reasoning>The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous... |
Some experts believe comics is a combination of what two things? | <text>Some experts believe comics is a combination of what two things?</text><reasoning>The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous (or comic) work... |
What are Japanese comics called? | <text>What are Japanese comics called?</text><reasoning>The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous (or comic) work that predominated in early Amer... |
What comic strip was created by Osamu Tezuka? | <text>What comic strip was created by Osamu Tezuka?</text><reasoning>The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually ... |
Where were comic strip stories first serialized? | <text>Where were comic strip stories first serialized?</text><reasoning>The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usual... |
What is considered the start of the modern comics in Japan? | <text>What is considered the start of the modern comics in Japan?</text><reasoning>The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific Osamu Tezuka and the comic strip Sazae-san. Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Storie... |
What comic strip did Bud Fisher have success with? | <text>What comic strip did Bud Fisher have success with?</text><reasoning>Shorter, black-and-white daily strips began to appear early in the 20th century, and became established in newspapers after the success in 1907 of Bud Fisher's Mutt and Jeff. Humour strips predominated at first, and in the 1920s and 1930s strips ... |
When did Mutt and Jeff appear? | <text>When did Mutt and Jeff appear?</text><reasoning>Shorter, black-and-white daily strips began to appear early in the 20th century, and became established in newspapers after the success in 1907 of Bud Fisher's Mutt and Jeff. Humour strips predominated at first, and in the 1920s and 1930s strips with continuing stor... |
When did comic books make an appearance? | <text>When did comic books make an appearance?</text><reasoning>Shorter, black-and-white daily strips began to appear early in the 20th century, and became established in newspapers after the success in 1907 of Bud Fisher's Mutt and Jeff. Humour strips predominated at first, and in the 1920s and 1930s strips with conti... |
Which comic book had success with its first superhero in 1938? | <text>Which comic book had success with its first superhero in 1938?</text><reasoning>Shorter, black-and-white daily strips began to appear early in the 20th century, and became established in newspapers after the success in 1907 of Bud Fisher's Mutt and Jeff. Humour strips predominated at first, and in the 1920s and 1... |
What are ISPs subject to monitoring by in some countries? | <text>What are ISPs subject to monitoring by in some countries?</text><reasoning>Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by ... |
What is the controversial N.S.A. program used in the U.S.? | <text>What is the controversial N.S.A. program used in the U.S.?</text><reasoning>Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by... |
What does PRISM do? | <text>What does PRISM do?</text><reasoning>Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by the ISP. Furthermore, in some countrie... |
What do ISPs integrate into their network to provide information to intelligence agencies? | <text>What do ISPs integrate into their network to provide information to intelligence agencies?</text><reasoning>Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all o... |
What do DCSnet in the US and SORM in Russia do? | <text>What do DCSnet in the US and SORM in Russia do?</text><reasoning>Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by the ISP. F... |
In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what? | <text>In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what?</text><reasoning>Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at t... |
What was seen as "infantile" in the United States? | <text>What was seen as "infantile" in the United States?</text><reasoning>Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat t... |
What did comics have in the United States because of cultural roots? | <text>What did comics have in the United States because of cultural roots?</text><reasoning>Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won... |
Who thought pop culture was a risk? | <text>Who thought pop culture was a risk?</text><reasoning>Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, popular culture won greater acceptance, and the line... |
What was thought to be only good for children and those who could not read or write? | <text>What was thought to be only good for children and those who could not read or write?</text><reasoning>Comics in the US has had a lowbrow reputation stemming from its roots in mass culture; cultural elites sometimes saw popular culture as threatening culture and society. In the latter half of the 20th century, pop... |
What comics are on the Internet? | <text>What comics are on the Internet?</text><reasoning>Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensions of a page... |
Webcomics reach large audiences and new what? | <text>Webcomics reach large audiences and new what?</text><reasoning>Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensi... |
With webcomics, readers have access to what? | <text>With webcomics, readers have access to what?</text><reasoning>Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained by size or dimensio... |
Not held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what? | <text>Not held back by size limits, webcomics are said to have a what?</text><reasoning>Webcomics are comics that are available on the internet. They are able to reach large audiences, and new readers usually can access archived installments. Webcomics can make use of an infinite canvas—meaning they are not constrained... |
When did comic supplements start showing up in Japan? | <text>When did comic supplements start showing up in Japan?</text><reasoning>Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style n... |
Who introduced satirical strips to Japan? | <text>Who introduced satirical strips to Japan?</text><reasoning>Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper com... |
When did Jiji Manga debut? | <text>When did Jiji Manga debut?</text><reasoning>Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper comics supplements... |
Who started the first Japanese comic strip in modern times? | <text>Who started the first Japanese comic strip in modern times?</text><reasoning>Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-s... |
When did comic strips start appearing in hardback collection volumes? | <text>When did comic strips start appearing in hardback collection volumes?</text><reasoning>Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, ... |
What Russian word is used for comics? | <text>What Russian word is used for comics?</text><reasoning>Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is wri... |
What German word is used for comics? | <text>What German word is used for comics?</text><reasoning>Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japanese term manga is writ... |
What Chinese word was derived from the Japanese word manga? | <text>What Chinese word was derived from the Japanese word manga?</text><reasoning>Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the Japa... |
What Korean word was derived from the Japanese word for manga? | <text>What Korean word was derived from the Japanese word for manga?</text><reasoning>Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic). Similarly, the Chinese term manhua and the Korean manhwa derive from the Chinese characters with which the J... |
Serialization of comics became less popular when? | <text>Serialization of comics became less popular when?</text><reasoning>From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Association that publi... |
How were comics published when serialization became less common? | <text>How were comics published when serialization became less common?</text><reasoning>From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Associa... |
Which small publisher published in formats that were not traditional? | <text>Which small publisher published in formats that were not traditional?</text><reasoning>From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'As... |
Comics continue to thrive regardless of the decrease in what market? | <text>Comics continue to thrive regardless of the decrease in what market?</text><reasoning>From the 1980s, mainstream sensibilities were reasserted and serialization became less common as the number of comics magazines decreased and many comics began to be published directly as albums. Smaller publishers such as L'Ass... |
When was importation of slaves banned in Saint Helena? | <text>When was importation of slaves banned in Saint Helena?</text><reasoning>Although the importation of slaves to St Helena had been banned in 1792, the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British Parliament passed legislation to ban... |
The emancipation of the slaves of Saint Helena did not take place until what year? | <text>The emancipation of the slaves of Saint Helena did not take place until what year?</text><reasoning>Although the importation of slaves to St Helena had been banned in 1792, the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British Parliame... |
Who banned slavery in their colonies? | <text>Who banned slavery in their colonies?</text><reasoning>Although the importation of slaves to St Helena had been banned in 1792, the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British Parliament passed legislation to ban slavery in the c... |
Over how many slaves ended up getting emancipated on Saint Helena? | <text>Over how many slaves ended up getting emancipated on Saint Helena?</text><reasoning>Although the importation of slaves to St Helena had been banned in 1792, the phased emancipation of over 800 resident slaves did not take place until 1827, which was still some six years before the British Parliament passed legisl... |
What word is used in France for comics? | <text>What word is used in France for comics?</text><reasoning>Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defin... |
What word is used in Japan for comics? | <text>What word is used in Japan for comics?</text><reasoning>Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defini... |
What does bandes dessinées mean? | <text>What does bandes dessinées mean?</text><reasoning>Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining fac... |
What is the definitive factor of bandes dessinées? | <text>What is the definitive factor of bandes dessinées?</text><reasoning>Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images... |
When was the island discovered? | <text>When was the island discovered?</text><reasoning>The island was uninhabited when discovered by the Portuguese in 1502. One of the most remote islands in the world, it was for centuries an important stopover for ships sailing to Europe from Asia and South Africa. Napoleon was imprisoned there in exile by the Briti... |
How many Boers were taken prisoner during the Second Boer War? | <text>How many Boers were taken prisoner during the Second Boer War?</text><reasoning>The island was uninhabited when discovered by the Portuguese in 1502. One of the most remote islands in the world, it was for centuries an important stopover for ships sailing to Europe from Asia and South Africa. Napoleon was impriso... |
Why was Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo imprisoned on the island? | <text>Why was Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo imprisoned on the island?</text><reasoning>The island was uninhabited when discovered by the Portuguese in 1502. One of the most remote islands in the world, it was for centuries an important stopover for ships sailing to Europe from Asia and South Africa. Napoleon was imprisoned ther... |
What type of ink is often used in making comics? | <text>What type of ink is often used in making comics?</text><reasoning>Cartooning is most frequently used in making comics, traditionally using ink (especially India ink) with dip pens or ink brushes; mixed media and digital technology have become common. Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and abstract symbols... |
What method is mostly used in making comics? | <text>What method is mostly used in making comics?</text><reasoning>Cartooning is most frequently used in making comics, traditionally using ink (especially India ink) with dip pens or ink brushes; mixed media and digital technology have become common. Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and abstract symbols are... |
Mixed media and what else are becoming popular for making comics? | <text>Mixed media and what else are becoming popular for making comics?</text><reasoning>Cartooning is most frequently used in making comics, traditionally using ink (especially India ink) with dip pens or ink brushes; mixed media and digital technology have become common. Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and... |
Motion lines and what are often used in comics? | <text>Motion lines and what are often used in comics?</text><reasoning>Cartooning is most frequently used in making comics, traditionally using ink (especially India ink) with dip pens or ink brushes; mixed media and digital technology have become common. Cartooning techniques such as motion lines and abstract symbols ... |
What is a comic that is as long as a book called? | <text>What is a comic that is as long as a book called?</text><reasoning>The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark... |
Who helped "graphic novel" get public attention? | <text>Who helped "graphic novel" get public attention?</text><reasoning>The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of Maus, Watchmen, and The Dark ... |
In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular online? | <text>In addition to printed graphic novels in stores, what became popular online?</text><reasoning>The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with the public after the commercial success of M... |
The popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term? | <text>The popularity of the Watchmen, The Dark Knight Returns and what other comic helped popularize "graphic novel" as a term?</text><reasoning>The graphic novel—book-length comics—began to gain attention after Will Eisner popularized the term with his book A Contract with God (1978). The term became widely known with... |
Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by some? | <text>Storyboards and what are thought to be comics by some?</text><reasoning>Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the pub... |
Storyboards are used a lot by what? | <text>Storyboards are used a lot by what?</text><reasoning>Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless novel... |
Storyboards are not considered what? | <text>Storyboards are not considered what?</text><reasoning>Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public. Wordless nove... |
Who does not often see storyboards used in film making? | <text>Who does not often see storyboards used in film making?</text><reasoning>Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the pu... |
A book with pictures with no captions that tell a story are called what? | <text>A book with pictures with no captions that tell a story are called what?</text><reasoning>Some consider storyboards and wordless novels to be comics. Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rare... |
Where do serialized comics in Japan typically appear? | <text>Where do serialized comics in Japan typically appear?</text><reasoning>Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. Comic books, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals usually published in colour. European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly... |
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