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When was the first successful docking of a two man space crew? | <text>When was the first successful docking of a two man space crew?</text><reasoning>The Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-piloted So... |
Which two space missions were the first to successfully dock each other? | <text>Which two space missions were the first to successfully dock each other?</text><reasoning>The Soviet Union also fixed the parachute and control problems with Soyuz, and the next piloted mission Soyuz 3 was launched on October 26, 1968. The goal was to complete Komarov's rendezvous and docking mission with the un-... |
Where was the Zond 4 over when it was destroyed by an explosion? | <text>Where was the Zond 4 over when it was destroyed by an explosion?</text><reasoning>The Soviet Zond spacecraft was not yet ready for piloted circumlunar missions in 1968, after five unsuccessful and partially successful automated test launches: Cosmos 146 on March 10, 1967; Cosmos 154 on April 8, 1967; Zond 1967A S... |
What establishments did beer houses become after buying an additional license? | <text>What establishments did beer houses become after buying an additional license?</text><reasoning>Although the new licensing laws prevented new beer houses from being created, those already in existence were allowed to continue and many did not close until nearly the end of the 19th century. A very small number rem... |
By the end of what century were most beer houses closed? | <text>By the end of what century were most beer houses closed?</text><reasoning>Although the new licensing laws prevented new beer houses from being created, those already in existence were allowed to continue and many did not close until nearly the end of the 19th century. A very small number remained into the 21st ce... |
Where are purpose-built pubs typically located? | <text>Where are purpose-built pubs typically located?</text><reasoning>Although the new licensing laws prevented new beer houses from being created, those already in existence were allowed to continue and many did not close until nearly the end of the 19th century. A very small number remained into the 21st century. Th... |
What modern brewers often first began as beer houses? | <text>What modern brewers often first began as beer houses?</text><reasoning>Although the new licensing laws prevented new beer houses from being created, those already in existence were allowed to continue and many did not close until nearly the end of the 19th century. A very small number remained into the 21st centu... |
The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was established in what year? | <text>The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was established in what year?</text><reasoning>The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959.</reasoning><... |
The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was created by what organization in 1959? | <text>The Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space was created by what organization in 1959?</text><reasoning>The US and USSR began discussions on the peaceful uses of space as early as 1958, presenting issues for debate to the United Nations, which created a Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space in 1959.<... |
The United States' National Defense Education Act was established in what year? | <text>The United States' National Defense Education Act was established in what year?</text><reasoning>American concerns that they had fallen behind the Soviet Union in the race to space led quickly to a push by legislators and educators for greater emphasis on mathematics and the physical sciences in American schools.... |
Soyuz 19 took off from Earth on what date? | <text>Soyuz 19 took off from Earth on what date?</text><reasoning>The joint mission began when Soyuz 19 was first launched on July 15, 1975 at 12:20 UTC, and the Apollo craft was launched with the docking module six and a half hours later. The two craft rendezvoused and docked on July 17 at 16:19 UTC. The three astrona... |
ASTP stands for what? | <text>ASTP stands for what?</text><reasoning>The two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet docking system, which allowed any of their cr... |
Which Soyuz mission in December 1974 was to be used for the ASTP? | <text>Which Soyuz mission in December 1974 was to be used for the ASTP?</text><reasoning>The two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet d... |
Which three people were the first to ride the Saturn V rocket into space? | <text>Which three people were the first to ride the Saturn V rocket into space?</text><reasoning>On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestia... |
What date did Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders leave Earth on the Apollo 8 mission? | <text>What date did Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders leave Earth on the Apollo 8 mission?</text><reasoning>On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit an... |
During what holiday, was the Apollo 8 mission broadcast from orbit? | <text>During what holiday, was the Apollo 8 mission broadcast from orbit?</text><reasoning>On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body... |
Which ocean did the Apolo 8 mission land in? | <text>Which ocean did the Apolo 8 mission land in?</text><reasoning>On December 21, 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders became the first humans to ride the Saturn V rocket into space on Apollo 8. They also became the first to leave low-Earth orbit and go to another celestial body, and entered lunar orb... |
Along with cabaret, striptease, bands and drama, what is a type of stage performance that can be found in pubs? | <text>Along with cabaret, striptease, bands and drama, what is a type of stage performance that can be found in pubs?</text><reasoning>A few pubs have stage performances such as serious drama, stand-up comedy, musical bands, cabaret or striptease; however juke boxes, karaoke and other forms of pre-recorded music have o... |
Along with karaoke, what type of prerecorded music is often found in pubs? | <text>Along with karaoke, what type of prerecorded music is often found in pubs?</text><reasoning>A few pubs have stage performances such as serious drama, stand-up comedy, musical bands, cabaret or striptease; however juke boxes, karaoke and other forms of pre-recorded music have otherwise replaced the musical traditi... |
The Skylab 1 was launched on which date? | <text>The Skylab 1 was launched on which date?</text><reasoning>The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during t... |
How much did the Skylab 1 weigh? | <text>How much did the Skylab 1 weigh?</text><reasoning>The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged during the ascen... |
When did the Skylab 1 finally come back to Earth? | <text>When did the Skylab 1 finally come back to Earth?</text><reasoning>The United States launched the orbital workstation Skylab 1 on May 14, 1973. It weighed 169,950 pounds (77,090 kg), was 58 feet (18 m) long by 21.7 feet (6.6 m) in diameter, with a habitable volume of 10,000 cubic feet (280 m3). Skylab was damaged... |
The first successful water landing in the Indian Ocean by the Soviets was was when? | <text>The first successful water landing in the Indian Ocean by the Soviets was was when?</text><reasoning>During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by ... |
What animal was carried aboard the Zond 5? | <text>What animal was carried aboard the Zond 5?</text><reasoning>During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, delay... |
The first Lunar Module was delayed to what date? | <text>The first Lunar Module was delayed to what date?</text><reasoning>During the summer of 1968, the Apollo program hit another snag: the first pilot-rated Lunar Module (LM) was not ready for orbital tests in time for a December 1968 launch. NASA planners overcame this challenge by changing the mission flight order, ... |
Why were the windows of town pubs made of smoked or frosted glass traditionally? | <text>Why were the windows of town pubs made of smoked or frosted glass traditionally?</text><reasoning>Historically, pubs have been socially and culturally distinct from cafés, bars and German beer halls. Most pubs offer a range of beers, wines, spirits, and soft drinks and snacks. Traditionally the windows of town pu... |
What fares do most pubs offer? | <text>What fares do most pubs offer?</text><reasoning>Historically, pubs have been socially and culturally distinct from cafés, bars and German beer halls. Most pubs offer a range of beers, wines, spirits, and soft drinks and snacks. Traditionally the windows of town pubs were of smoked or frosted glass to obscure the ... |
What are traditional pub windows made out of? | <text>What are traditional pub windows made out of?</text><reasoning>Historically, pubs have been socially and culturally distinct from cafés, bars and German beer halls. Most pubs offer a range of beers, wines, spirits, and soft drinks and snacks. Traditionally the windows of town pubs were of smoked or frosted glass ... |
What are the windows of 1990s and later pubs often made of? | <text>What are the windows of 1990s and later pubs often made of?</text><reasoning>Historically, pubs have been socially and culturally distinct from cafés, bars and German beer halls. Most pubs offer a range of beers, wines, spirits, and soft drinks and snacks. Traditionally the windows of town pubs were of smoked or ... |
Aside from beverages, what types of food do pubs typically offer? | <text>Aside from beverages, what types of food do pubs typically offer?</text><reasoning>Historically, pubs have been socially and culturally distinct from cafés, bars and German beer halls. Most pubs offer a range of beers, wines, spirits, and soft drinks and snacks. Traditionally the windows of town pubs were of smok... |
Along with the Inns of Chancery, in what inns did British lawyers historically conduct business? | <text>Along with the Inns of Chancery, in what inns did British lawyers historically conduct business?</text><reasoning>The Inns of Court and Inns of Chancery in London started as ordinary inns where barristers met to do business, but became institutions of the legal profession in England and Wales.</reasoning><output>... |
In what city are the Inns of Chancery located? | <text>In what city are the Inns of Chancery located?</text><reasoning>The Inns of Court and Inns of Chancery in London started as ordinary inns where barristers met to do business, but became institutions of the legal profession in England and Wales.</reasoning><output>London</output> |
Outside England, what other country does the legal system founded around the Inns of Court operate in? | <text>Outside England, what other country does the legal system founded around the Inns of Court operate in?</text><reasoning>The Inns of Court and Inns of Chancery in London started as ordinary inns where barristers met to do business, but became institutions of the legal profession in England and Wales.</reasoning><o... |
In the early Middle Ages, where could a traveler obtain overnight accommodations? | <text>In the early Middle Ages, where could a traveler obtain overnight accommodations?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted g... |
When were the Hostellers of London were granted guild status? | <text>When were the Hostellers of London were granted guild status?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted guild status in 1446 ... |
What name was taken by the Hostellers in 1514? | <text>What name was taken by the Hostellers in 1514?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted guild status in 1446 and in 1514 the... |
When did the Hostellers of London become a guild? | <text>When did the Hostellers of London become a guild?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted guild status in 1446 and in 1514 ... |
In what year did the Hostellers of London change their name to the Worshipful Company of Innholders? | <text>In what year did the Hostellers of London change their name to the Worshipful Company of Innholders?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of Lo... |
Where did travelers early in the Middle Ages often find lodgings? | <text>Where did travelers early in the Middle Ages often find lodgings?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted guild status in 1... |
What religious activity was responsible for the growing demand for hostelries? | <text>What religious activity was responsible for the growing demand for hostelries?</text><reasoning>A traveller in the early Middle Ages could obtain overnight accommodation in monasteries, but later a demand for hostelries grew with the popularity of pilgrimages and travel. The Hostellers of London were granted guil... |
How far back does the history of pubs go back? | <text>How far back does the history of pubs go back?</text><reasoning>The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.</reasoning><output>to Roman taverns</output> |
What was the Anglo-Saxon pup called? | <text>What was the Anglo-Saxon pup called?</text><reasoning>The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.</reasoning><output>alehouse</output> |
What is a pub tied to in the 19th century? | <text>What is a pub tied to in the 19th century?</text><reasoning>The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.</reasoning><output>the modern tied house system</output> |
What Roman businesses were analogous to modern day pubs? | <text>What Roman businesses were analogous to modern day pubs?</text><reasoning>The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.</reasoning><output>taverns</output> |
What similar establishments existed in the Anglo-Saxon world? | <text>What similar establishments existed in the Anglo-Saxon world?</text><reasoning>The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.</reasoning><output>alehouse</output> |
In what century did the tied house system develop? | <text>In what century did the tied house system develop?</text><reasoning>The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.</reasoning><output>19th century</output> |
The Outer Space Treaty was signed by the US and the USSR on what date? | <text>The Outer Space Treaty was signed by the US and the USSR on what date?</text><reasoning>On January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, were kill... |
What was the cause of the fire that killed everyone on the first Apollo mission before launch? | <text>What was the cause of the fire that killed everyone on the first Apollo mission before launch?</text><reasoning>On January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot ... |
Who were the three people who died on the first Apollo mission before launch? | <text>Who were the three people who died on the first Apollo mission before launch?</text><reasoning>On January 27, 1967, the same day the US and USSR signed the Outer Space Treaty, the crew of the first manned Apollo mission, Command Pilot Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Senior Pilot Edward H. White, and Pilot Roger Chaffee, we... |
The station, Salyut 1, came back to Earth on which date? | <text>The station, Salyut 1, came back to Earth on which date?</text><reasoning>Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days ... |
How long did the station, Salyut 1, stay in orbit? | <text>How long did the station, Salyut 1, stay in orbit?</text><reasoning>Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orb... |
Why did The Durable Orbital Station-2 not reach orbit? | <text>Why did The Durable Orbital Station-2 not reach orbit?</text><reasoning>Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in... |
What is a pub licensed to sell? | <text>What is a pub licensed to sell?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New Englan... |
In many villages what establishment could be called the focal point of the community? | <text>In many villages what establishment could be called the focal point of the community?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, ... |
What is the term 'pub' short for? | <text>What is the term 'pub' short for?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark and New Engl... |
Where in the United States are pubs located? | <text>Where in the United States are pubs located?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark a... |
What continental European country has pubs? | <text>What continental European country has pubs?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark an... |
Other than the United States, where in North America are pubs located? | <text>Other than the United States, where in North America are pubs located?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Au... |
Who said that pubs are the heart of England? | <text>Who said that pubs are the heart of England?</text><reasoning>A pub /pʌb/, or public house is, despite its name, a private house, but is called a public house because it is licensed to sell alcohol to the general public. It is a drinking establishment in Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Denmark a... |
Along with The Royal Oak and The Crown, what is a traditional name for a pub? | <text>Along with The Royal Oak and The Crown, what is a traditional name for a pub?</text><reasoning>The beer houses tended to avoid the traditional pub names like The Crown, The Red Lion, The Royal Oak etc. and, if they did not simply name their place Smith's Beer House, they would apply topical pub names in an effort... |
What is an example of a name for a beer house? | <text>What is an example of a name for a beer house?</text><reasoning>The beer houses tended to avoid the traditional pub names like The Crown, The Red Lion, The Royal Oak etc. and, if they did not simply name their place Smith's Beer House, they would apply topical pub names in an effort to reflect the mood of the tim... |
What was the off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption often referred to as? | <text>What was the off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption often referred to as?</text><reasoning>Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1... |
In what decade did pubs tend to cease selling alcohol for off-premises drinking? | <text>In what decade did pubs tend to cease selling alcohol for off-premises drinking?</text><reasoning>Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1970s the newly built supermarkets and high street ch... |
What was the name of the counter where pubs traditionally sold alcohol to drink at home? | <text>What was the name of the counter where pubs traditionally sold alcohol to drink at home?</text><reasoning>Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1970s the newly built supermarkets and high s... |
What was a colloquial term for the off-sales counter? | <text>What was a colloquial term for the off-sales counter?</text><reasoning>Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1970s the newly built supermarkets and high street chain stores or off-licences ... |
Along with high street chain stores and off-licenses, what stores undercut pub alcohol sales in the 1970s? | <text>Along with high street chain stores and off-licenses, what stores undercut pub alcohol sales in the 1970s?</text><reasoning>Until the 1970s most of the larger pubs also featured an off-sales counter or attached shop for the sales of beers, wines and spirits for home consumption. In the 1970s the newly built super... |
What is another name for the smoke room? | <text>What is another name for the smoke room?</text><reasoning>The "snug", sometimes called the smoke room, was typically a small, very private room with access to the bar that had a frosted glass external window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the ... |
What was the relationship between the price of beer in the smoke room versus the rest of the bar? | <text>What was the relationship between the price of beer in the smoke room versus the rest of the bar?</text><reasoning>The "snug", sometimes called the smoke room, was typically a small, very private room with access to the bar that had a frosted glass external window, set above head height. A higher price was paid f... |
Along with the local police, what profession is given as an example of someone who might use the snug? | <text>Along with the local police, what profession is given as an example of someone who might use the snug?</text><reasoning>The "snug", sometimes called the smoke room, was typically a small, very private room with access to the bar that had a frosted glass external window, set above head height. A higher price was p... |
What were the windows in the snug made out of? | <text>What were the windows in the snug made out of?</text><reasoning>The "snug", sometimes called the smoke room, was typically a small, very private room with access to the bar that had a frosted glass external window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and se... |
How long did the trip to the Moon last for the crew of the Apollo 11? | <text>How long did the trip to the Moon last for the crew of the Apollo 11?</text><reasoning>The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module ... |
The Lunar Module of the Apollo 11 was named after what animal? | <text>The Lunar Module of the Apollo 11 was named after what animal?</text><reasoning>The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbi... |
Who was the first human to take a step on the Moon? | <text>Who was the first human to take a step on the Moon?</text><reasoning>The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia, began th... |
At what time on Earth did Armstrong first step onto the Moon? | <text>At what time on Earth did Armstrong first step onto the Moon?</text><reasoning>The trip to the Moon took just over three days. After achieving orbit, Armstrong and Aldrin transferred into the Lunar Module, named Eagle, and after a landing gear inspection by Collins remaining in the Command/Service Module Columbia... |
What was the one ingredient of traditional English ale? | <text>What was the one ingredient of traditional English ale?</text><reasoning>Traditional English ale was made solely from fermented malt. The practice of adding hops to produce beer was introduced from the Netherlands in the early 15th century. Alehouses would each brew their own distinctive ale, but independent brew... |
What country pioneered the introduction of hops for beer production? | <text>What country pioneered the introduction of hops for beer production?</text><reasoning>Traditional English ale was made solely from fermented malt. The practice of adding hops to produce beer was introduced from the Netherlands in the early 15th century. Alehouses would each brew their own distinctive ale, but ind... |
In what century was the process of using hops to produce beer introduced to England? | <text>In what century was the process of using hops to produce beer introduced to England?</text><reasoning>Traditional English ale was made solely from fermented malt. The practice of adding hops to produce beer was introduced from the Netherlands in the early 15th century. Alehouses would each brew their own distinct... |
In what century did the first independent breweries appear in England? | <text>In what century did the first independent breweries appear in England?</text><reasoning>Traditional English ale was made solely from fermented malt. The practice of adding hops to produce beer was introduced from the Netherlands in the early 15th century. Alehouses would each brew their own distinctive ale, but i... |
What businesses were the dominant brewers of beer in England by the close of the 17th century? | <text>What businesses were the dominant brewers of beer in England by the close of the 17th century?</text><reasoning>Traditional English ale was made solely from fermented malt. The practice of adding hops to produce beer was introduced from the Netherlands in the early 15th century. Alehouses would each brew their ow... |
In addition to a license to sell spirits, what did tavern owners require a license to sell? | <text>In addition to a license to sell spirits, what did tavern owners require a license to sell?</text><reasoning>There was already regulation on public drinking spaces in the 17th and 18th centuries,[citation needed] and the income earned from licences was beneficial to the crown. Tavern owners were required to posse... |
In what century did public drinking regulations first exist in England? | <text>In what century did public drinking regulations first exist in England?</text><reasoning>There was already regulation on public drinking spaces in the 17th and 18th centuries,[citation needed] and the income earned from licences was beneficial to the crown. Tavern owners were required to possess a licence to sell... |
What party received income from the sale of public drinking house licenses? | <text>What party received income from the sale of public drinking house licenses?</text><reasoning>There was already regulation on public drinking spaces in the 17th and 18th centuries,[citation needed] and the income earned from licences was beneficial to the crown. Tavern owners were required to possess a licence to ... |
What artist created the engraving Beer Street and Gin Lane? | <text>What artist created the engraving Beer Street and Gin Lane?</text><reasoning>The drunkenness and lawlessness created by gin was seen to lead to ruination and degradation of the working classes. The distinction[clarification needed] was illustrated by William Hogarth in his engravings Beer Street and Gin Lane. The... |
What law imposed a high tax on gin shops and resulted in riots? | <text>What law imposed a high tax on gin shops and resulted in riots?</text><reasoning>The drunkenness and lawlessness created by gin was seen to lead to ruination and degradation of the working classes. The distinction[clarification needed] was illustrated by William Hogarth in his engravings Beer Street and Gin Lane.... |
When were the Gin Act 1736 duties eliminated? | <text>When were the Gin Act 1736 duties eliminated?</text><reasoning>The drunkenness and lawlessness created by gin was seen to lead to ruination and degradation of the working classes. The distinction[clarification needed] was illustrated by William Hogarth in his engravings Beer Street and Gin Lane. The Gin Act 1736 ... |
What law placed gin shops under the control of local magistrates? | <text>What law placed gin shops under the control of local magistrates?</text><reasoning>The drunkenness and lawlessness created by gin was seen to lead to ruination and degradation of the working classes. The distinction[clarification needed] was illustrated by William Hogarth in his engravings Beer Street and Gin Lan... |
What is the main service of an inn, now also attainable in motels, hotels and lodges? | <text>What is the main service of an inn, now also attainable in motels, hotels and lodges?</text><reasoning>The original services of an inn are now also available at other establishments, such as hotels, lodges, and motels, which focus more on lodging customers than on other services, although they usually provide mea... |
What is the main provision that pubs offer? | <text>What is the main provision that pubs offer?</text><reasoning>The original services of an inn are now also available at other establishments, such as hotels, lodges, and motels, which focus more on lodging customers than on other services, although they usually provide meals; pubs, which are primarily alcohol-serv... |
What are customers seeking when they visit restaurants or taverns? | <text>What are customers seeking when they visit restaurants or taverns?</text><reasoning>The original services of an inn are now also available at other establishments, such as hotels, lodges, and motels, which focus more on lodging customers than on other services, although they usually provide meals; pubs, which are... |
What is a noted hotel brand throughout North America? | <text>What is a noted hotel brand throughout North America?</text><reasoning>The original services of an inn are now also available at other establishments, such as hotels, lodges, and motels, which focus more on lodging customers than on other services, although they usually provide meals; pubs, which are primarily al... |
In the United States, what are operators of lodgings sometimes called? | <text>In the United States, what are operators of lodgings sometimes called?</text><reasoning>The original services of an inn are now also available at other establishments, such as hotels, lodges, and motels, which focus more on lodging customers than on other services, although they usually provide meals; pubs, which... |
What is the owner, tenant or manager of a pub known as? | <text>What is the owner, tenant or manager of a pub known as?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord. ... |
What term came into use in Victorian times to designate the pub landlord? | <text>What term came into use in Victorian times to designate the pub landlord?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate ... |
Name one way regulars choose their Pubs? | <text>Name one way regulars choose their Pubs?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord. Known as "loca... |
What is a proper term for the licensee of the pub? | <text>What is a proper term for the licensee of the pub?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord. Known... |
What was the pub landlord often called in Victorian times? | <text>What was the pub landlord often called in Victorian times?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlor... |
What are pubs called by those who regularly visit there? | <text>What are pubs called by those who regularly visit there?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord.... |
Teams for what sport can be found congregating at pubs? | <text>Teams for what sport can be found congregating at pubs?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord. ... |
What gaming tables can often be found in pubs? | <text>What gaming tables can often be found in pubs?</text><reasoning>The owner, tenant or manager (licensee) of a pub is properly known as the "pub landlord". The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord. Known as ... |
When was the second landing on the Moon successful? | <text>When was the second landing on the Moon successful?</text><reasoning>The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, ... |
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