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H: Electronics riddle: After dropping on the floor, LED flashlight only works with a 3V supply instead of its normal rated 1.5V
I'll keep it brief. I've dropped a flashlight on the floor, after which the casing broke a bit. The flashlight normally works with a single 1.5V 'D' battery. I was looking into it and tried t... |
H: What is this chip? Labeled "ATMEL 60824C08"
This chip came from a box of assorted ICs from ebay. I have looked up the code on the top and I can't work out what this actually is.
AI: It's a 24C08 EEPROM memory chip. The 608 is a date code for 2016, week 08. |
H: Add aux input to Audio Amplifier circuit
I have bought a ready Audio Amplifier using TDA7498 chip and now I need some AUX input other than default one. Is there any circuit for this?
https://www.st.com/en/audio-ics/tda7498.html
https://handsontec.com/index.php/product/tda7498-2x100w-class-d-audio-amplifier/
AI: Imp... |
H: Is a STM32F103 able to handle 74.25MHz from an image sensor?
So I have this project in my mind where I want to read pixel data from an image sensor via a microcontroller (e.g. STM32F103) and then display the image on a screen.
The image sensor I have in mind is the AR0103CS which is capable of max. 1280 x 960 @ 45 ... |
H: How to analyze this voltage doubler circuitry?
What does this circuitry used for? How should I analyze? (It is inserted in the capacitor voltage doubler circuitry between the two stages)
AI: Provided that \$R_1\$ is a pull-up connected to a voltage larger than \$V_{TH,N_2}+V_{D,N_2}\$, this circuit behaves as a cha... |
H: Is this output normal for a capacitor filter?
I have a question regarding oscillator outputs and capacitor filters.
I'm trying to build a voltage regulator. I've already calculated and tested the transformer and rectifier, and also the filter part. But when I looked at the output waves from the oscilloscope, the ou... |
H: Choosing resistors in series to make standard values
I am working on designing a precision analog filter for a university electronics project.
The resistance values I am using (to meet the filter specifications) are not E96 values, so I am combining smaller value resistors in series to make the non-standard resist... |
H: RTD Temperature Reading
I developed a circuit to read a temperature value [30,60] with a PT100 using a PIC32.The circuit has a 1mA current source connected to the PT100.The PT100 is then connected to a differential op amp to accommodate de voltage to the 3.3V Range of the ADC.The other input is the value of V in th... |
H: Car Faraday cage
I have been reading about the Faraday cages in the last couple of days.
My learning raised another questions about charge accumulation on a car frame.
Air friction can raise the amount of charge on the frame surface acting like a Faraday cage. That charge can evacuate by giving a shock when someone... |
H: Terminal resistor function on JTAG SMT2 schematic
I'm studying the Digilent JTAG-SMT2 datasheet, in particular the schematic of Example 3 (Interfacing a Zynq-7000 while retaining the Xilinx JTAG Header).
I have a doubt about the function and value of the highlighted resistors. Can someone help me to understand it?... |
H: Calculate ideal unloaded rotor speed
I have the following problem:
MY ATTEMPT
Okay, I've found two formulas that will definitely help me solve this problem:
The first is \$S=\frac{N_s-N}{N_s} \$, where \$S\$ is the slip, \$N_s\$ is the synchronous speed, and \$ N\$ is the rotor-speed.
The second formula is \$N_... |
H: Couplers and dividers as baluns
Can every divider and coupler that provides 3dB amplitude divison and 180 degrees phase difference be used as balun?
Rat race coupler and lange coupler provide the two conditions mentioned above.
If I place a λ/2 transmission line after a Wilkinson divider, overall structure satisf... |
H: How to tell flat flexible cable(FFC) alignment when inserting?
I have an MSR with an 8 pin FFC with contacts on one side. I don't know if there is a top and bottom and if so how to tell the orientation. There is writing on the contact side I assume to indicate alignment that looks like
<-
D1|
D2|
D3|
D4|
D5|
Doe... |
H: Overall Q of a fourth order LPF and higher order LPF cascaded
If I end up cascading low pass filters to derive higher order filters, how should i calculate the Q of the overall filter?
For example if i have the following transfer function
$$
H(s)=\frac{1}{(s^2 +s \frac{1}{Q1}+1)\cdot(s^2 +s \frac{1}{Q2}+1) }
$$
The... |
H: Differential to single-ended converter
Originally I wanted to setup a simple curve trace circuit to measure the characteristics of a BJT I salvaged. This circuit operates by measuring the voltage and current through the transistor for different applied voltages on the base and collector. For this, I found a simple ... |
H: Microcontroller power supply problem
I'm using an LM7805 regulator in my circuit to supply power for my microcontroller (Attiny 13) and another module.
I have to decrease 5V voltage to 3.3V for the microcontroller so I use two resistors (1k & 2k) to decrease the voltage from 5V to 3.3V
but sometimes the microcontro... |
H: What material is used for the PCB traces?
Are the traces of a PCB always made of copper, we can use another conducting material?
Also, is there is another conducting material that can be used in the cladding layer instead of copper, or do we always use copper clad?
AI: The PCB process generally assumes copper cond... |
H: Difference between "cladding" and "traces" in PCBs?
I am kind of confused about, the difference between copper traces and copper cladding in PCBs.
Are they the same thing?
Is it necessary for a PCB to have them?
AI: Cladding is the copper layer applied to the surface of a board substrate: it's the starting material... |
H: How does a non-designer understand a chipset's functionality?
I once met a person who told me as a part of his work he was testing and characterizing analog chips which include all sorts of components like ADCs, DACs, regulators ect. embedded in one chip. But he said he doesn't know how to design such a chip not at... |
H: Finding each UART pin with multimeter
I am trying to findout the pinout for Serial Connection to a router. However I wasn't able differentiate the pins other than GND.
Pinout:
PIN | RESISTANCE (UNPLUGGED) | VOLTAGE (PLUGGED)
1. ? -> 730ohm to the ground -> 3.35-3.37v
2. GND
3. ? -> Infinite resistance -> 3.34-... |
H: Relay coil in series with resistor
I want to control a relay RSB1A120BDS that works on 24V DC using my Arduino. But, my power source that I use for other parts is 41V AC connected to a bridge rectifier. So my idea was to put a resistor in series with the relay coil to get the right voltage. This is a bit my setup:
... |
H: Transformer vs SMPS for bench supply
One of the basic circuit to step down input voltage is to use a buck converter topology. Some power supplies reduce input voltage using non isolated type while others use isolated type (example use toroidal, EI transformer).
If I am designing a bench supply, which should I prefe... |
H: Is it reliable to use old computer hard disk as an external hard drive to store data?
I have a hard drive which cannot boot windows but works for even at higher transfer rates
also its 6 years old, I found cheap enclosure SATA to USB 3.0 enclosure that works for even 100Mbps transfer rate.
I have doubt will I lose... |
H: Pitfalls in charging a supercapacitor from a small solar panel
I'm designing a circuit which occasionally requires small amounts of power (it's switched off most of the time). I want to use small solar panels to charge a supercapacitor, and the cap then serves as an energy reservoir in the absence of full sunlight.... |
H: Why is the output DC voltage of full wave rectifier not equal to the RMS of the original AC input?
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/accircuits/average-voltage.html
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/accircuits/rms-voltage.html
I understand that the RMS of an AC voltage is the magnitude of the equivalent DC vo... |
H: FQPF5N60C MOSFET turns on but limited current
I am a software engineer by trade and an electronic hobbyist, so please be gentle :)
I am using a FQPF5N60C N-Channel MOSFET to switch on a 12v motor using a Raspberry Pi.
The spec shows VGSth at 2 - 4v and I am feeding 4.47v into the gate and the MOSFET indeed turns on... |
H: What's the purpose of components in these mosfet driver
I see these double ended transformer drivers on many places, I know the working principles of these gate drive transformers but still don't have an idea about external components that I've marked with red.
What's the purpose of capacitor connected series in p... |
H: Hall-Effect Current Sensor Output Voltage Difference (26.4 mV/A)
I am using a hall effect current sensor. Its part number is ACS781LLRTR-050B-T from Allegro MicroSystems. In my circuit, I'm reading its output voltage to calculate current with MCU.
With no load, I read output voltage of current sensor as 2215 mV and... |
H: How to detect 3 way slide switch positions?
With one of this 3 position 8 pin slide switches, I want to detect all three positions:
Required function:
Position 1: Node1 to ground
Position 2: None
Position 3: Node2 to ground
If I pull an digital I/O pin HIGH and connect it after SW2, HIGH means position 1 and LO... |
H: What happens when this integrator circuit reaches saturation?
I'm trying to understand integrator circuit timing, specifically at the point of op amp saturation. Here's my circuit:
The op amp is dual supply +/-12V. Vin is a square wave varying from -5V to +5V with a 50% duty cycle and period of 40ms - slow enough... |
H: Calculate motor current consumption
I have the following problem:
MY ATTEMPT
Okay on this site, https://www.jcalc.net/motor-current-calculator, I found a formula for the motor current with full load and a 3-phase supply:
\$I=\frac{P\cdot 1000}{\sqrt{3}\cdot V\cdot pf \cdot \eta} \$, where \$ P\$ is the motor pow... |
H: DMA Continuous Request functionality
What is the difference between these features on STM32G0 "Scan Conversion mode" and "Continuous conversion mode" and "DMA continuous request" features?
When you go on CubeIDE you will see these features on ADC configuration.
AI: I haven't checked the output of the CubeIDE if you... |
H: Do I need a diode to protect my ESP32 from a connected relay?
My ESP32 is controlling a relay which I switch on for 500ms (controlled through the internet).
Do I need a diode to protect my ESP32 from voltage spikes when the magnetic flux collapses?
I'm using an ESP-WROOM-32, and the relay specs are (taken from here... |
H: How to obtain R1 from MAX31740ATA+T equation?
How to obtain R1 from MAX31740ATA+T equation ?
The equation:
AI: You need to choose the Dmin that is appropriate for your system. After that, it's just algebra.
Rearranging the equation gives R1 = ((200*R2)/Dmin) - R2.
The datasheet doesn't give any information on input... |
H: Microcap BJT amplifier DC and AC analysis
I am using to simulate DC and AC amplifiers of 2n3904 but it does not match with my theoretical calculations. My simple circuit is in attachment. Normally IB must be 28,12 uA but it seems 14.9 uA. Also for Ac analysis Vout/Vin should be about -268 but regarding to simulati... |
H: Is it possible to read calculator LCD values?
Hi all,
I'm thinking about a project, but I have no idea if it's even possible...
So the general idea would be to have a calculator that can display letters and other characters. I have a very basic calculator (Sharp Elsi Mate EL-376S) with a 7-segment LCD. Is it possib... |
H: Which solution is right for this question? I think both of the solutions make sense
There is a multiple choice question:
$$V_{G1}=10cos(10t+60°)$$
and
$$V_{G2}=5cos(10t)$$
The resistance of the wire is \$R=10Ω\$, which one is the power that \$G_1\$ transmits?
A. 1.25W
B. 1.5W
C. 2.5W
D. 3.25W
The answer fo... |
H: How can I find the time at which the diode charges the capacitor every cycle(half wave rectifier)
Half wave rectifier is given and given values are :
V_p = 10V, V_d = 0.7V, 1/T = 60Hz, R = 10.
I want to know when C = 0.1F, how can I find the time at which the diode charges the capacitor every cycle.
I failed to ap... |
H: Precautions while handling DC Series and Shunt motors
I have been searching the net and have only found the following precaution for the DC series motor and Shunt dc motor and that is that never start series motor without load and shunt motor on load.
Are there any more precautions?
AI: A series motor may reach a s... |
H: Under-clocking an 10gb Ethernet SFP+ module
The Xilinx device on the Picozed board is a version of the Zynq 7030. The 7030 in general has a GTX transceiver, which in principle is rated to 12.5Gb/s SERDES with the relevant line coding for 10gig Ethernet.
Unfortunately, the specific chip on the Picozed has its GTX tr... |
H: Why is the switch drawn like this (NRST, STM32)?
The below part of a circuit is from the AN2586 Reference design for an STM32F1:
https://www.st.com/resource/en/application_note/cd00164185-getting-started-with-stm32f10xxx-hardware-development-stmicroelectronics.pdf
RESET goes to the NRST pin of an STM32, and the le... |
H: Raising ground level of Wemos ADC from Multiplexer
The Setup
I'm using a 74HC4051N multiplexer to interface with several analog sensors. I'm using a Wemos D1 Mini to read Z (output from the mux) using the Wemos ADC.
I've only illustrated one (of 4) TMP36 temperature sensors. I'm also monitoring the 12 V line from t... |
H: Solar panel to battery, dc to dc converter question
I need to design an MPPT and the converter that uses it. the thing is: the Solar panel has a max voltage of 40V and the battery that is going to be charged is around 100V, the most easy thing would be to use a Boost converter, but from what i understand, an MPPT c... |
H: How does the formula for cross sectional area accurately determine which gauge wire should be used without including amperage or voltage?
p = resistivity
L = length
R = resistance
A = cross sectional area
A = p * (L/R)
What I don't understand is how it's physically possible to determine the appropriate gauge wire w... |
H: How to estimate a linear power supply efficiency in LTspice?
I have a little transformer that I would like to turn into a 5V power supply. Before building it I decided to model the device in LTspice:
The inductance of the primary and secondary windings were measured using an LCR-meter. The wave on the output 20 Vp... |
H: What does macromodel mean in this context?
I was looking for the meaning of IC "macromodel". And I came across the following:
They call the above schematics of the opmap IC as its "macromodel".
But what is modelled here? They show all the components explicitly with all nodes.
I thought I would find something like... |
H: How can I calculate the power dissipation of an IC from datasheet values?
I have to make a circuit using ICs on a PCB. But before that, I want to calculate power dissipation of IC. So, I saw datasheet of 7400, and it gives me an input voltage, supply voltage, input current and output current. But I can't recognize ... |
H: Op Amp for DC Voltage Measurement
I'd like to measure 0-800VDC using the ADC of a PIC18F and opto-isolated from the high voltage. Since optocoupler's CTR is variable and non-linear, I'll use the IL300. Checking this application note, I've found the following schematic:
That's the schematic I've made:
From that, I... |
H: What's a conceptual way to understand ohm-cm?
Resistivity is defined in units of \$\Omega \times \textrm{cm}\$. I don't conceptually understand what is meant by the unit.
If it was \$\Omega / \textrm{cm}\$, that would be easy to understand - a certain number of ohms for every centimeter. How can one understand \$\... |
H: Input Voltage vs Output Voltage for a Shunt Positive Clipper with Bias Voltage
Assume voltage drop across diode is 0.7V in this case.
From what I understand
When V(input) is positive, but less than 0.7+V OR When V(input) is negative AKA When the diode is acting as open circuit:
V(output) will equal some fraction o... |
H: Troubles on understanding datasheet of a 24V DC permanent magnet motor
Can you help me on understanding this datasheet of a DC Permanent Magnets motor?
Note that the deleted parts do not add information, they are those not translated into English or referring to other models.
PAGE 1
PAGE 2
Precisely, my doubt is ... |
H: Electrostatic discharge on ungrounded components
My understanding of ESD is that there has to exist a path to ground for static charges to discharge. Take a MOSFET as an example that is vulnerable to ESD and packaged in a way to protect against it, as long as the component is free standing or none of the leads is c... |
H: Why signal coming out of a Constant K filter takes 0.5ms to stabilize?
I made a simulation of an audio amplifier with an input signal of 200 microVolts.
The question is why my filter does not deliver the desired output, which operates between 512 Hz and 2048 Hz.
From the Bode plot, I get a gain of -7dB which I as... |
H: Synthesis error in module using Verilog (Xilinx Vivado 2015.4)
I am facing an issue with the post-synthesis implementation of a special Serial-In-Serial-Out kind of buffer. It receives inputs and stores them in registers and can later output the stored inputs.
When iReset is HIGH, the contents of the buffer are cl... |
H: ΔΣ ADC Programmable Gain Without Amplifier
There are some ΔΣ ADCs of which one can set an input referred gain. Like if there was a PGA between the input and the ADC, but in fact, there seems to be no PGA between the ADC and the inputs but instead the gain is set inside of the ΔΣ modulator somehow.
For example this ... |
H: Higher cutoff frequency of op-amp circuit is different in simulation and on paper
I have the circuit below:
This is an inverting amplifier, the op-amp that is used is 741 as shown in the circuit. Open-loop gain of the op-amp is \$ A_{0}=2\times 10^5 \$ and the cutoff frequency of the op-amp is \$ f_{c}=5 Hz \$.
I ... |
H: What is RF switch used for in a lab equipment?
I'm only familiar with scopes, DMMs and a little spectrum analyzers.
But I couldn't understand what an "RF switch" is used for particularly in a characterization lab.
Can you give an example of its use and function and describe in layman terms?
AI: One place RF switche... |
H: How to PWM a load regardless of the direction of current?
I'm helping a student at our art academy with an interesting project. She is building an array of peltier elements (let's say 25 to start with). She wants to control them individually using PWM and be able to switch the polarity on them every now and then.
W... |
H: How to decide which key was pressed on a calculator?
Hi all,
I'm trying have an arduino read key presses on my calculator. The calculator does it by pressing the keyboard membrane to the PCB and connecting two points, so each key has two of these points. I've soldered wires to two key's contact points(four wires in... |
H: Beginner circuit diagram of superposition
I get 2amps*(10ohms)/(10+25)ohms-3.5/25=.666-.14amps
Why did I not get .66?
AI: You wrote:
2amps*(10ohms)/(10+25)ohms-3.5/25=.666
The right-hand side is correct (\$\dfrac{3.5}{25}\$) but the left one (\$\dfrac{2\cdot10}{10+25}\$) is incorrect, since it should be (\$\dfr... |
H: Why will we get the wrong answer if we use \$I_1=\frac{V_1}{Z_1}\$ to calculate \$I_1\$ directly?
There is a transformer with \$600V/120V\$, and the impedance in the high voltage side is \$52-30j Ω\$, and there is a loading, which impedance is \$0.8∠10°Ω\$, connected with the low voltage side. Now when the \$V_2=1... |
H: Amplification Circuit for Generating High-Current Sinusoidal Signal to Feed a Coil
I am trying to implement a control algorithm using Arduino Due. I need to generate high-current constant-frequency sinusoidal signals to feed a coil using some batteries. The coil will generate electromagnetic force.
I want to desig... |
H: Sensor Connection: DIN 43650 vs M12
Preface, I'm a plant engineer and my background is mechanical engineering. My current project requires me to find some pressure sensors for my compressed air lines and this is a pretty new territory for me. These sensors will be located in a dry room, same room as our compressors... |
H: How to automatically disconnect from battery when USB +5v is present
I'm creating a SMD PCB where space is extremely limited.
Usually, the application is powered by a battery (Single cell 3.7v lipo).
To charge the battery, I'm using a USB cable.
What I'd like is for the application to automatically switch to USB p... |
H: How do I convert 48V to 3.3V?
What is the proper method or device to convert 48V to 3.3V? Total current consumption at 3.3V would be from 60mA to 150mA.
I found several voltage regulators, but they do not have the required capacity (7W, 45V * .15A).
Likewise I tried doing it with voltage dividers but the capacity ... |
H: How to use resistor wattage formula
I've read about how to determine resistor wattage but it is not clear to me which V we need to consider in the calculation.
For example, this is a schematic of some electronics I am getting familiar with.
The 75R resistor (I assume to drop voltage before the 5V regulator), is rat... |
H: When does a transistor act as a switch, and when as an amplifier?
I'm a beginner with electronics, anyway I'm experimenting a lot with it.
I still don't understand how you can use the same transistor for example to amplify an audio signal, or to act as a switch for turning on and off the current of a motor.
Do you ... |
H: What changes when you modify gyro/accelerometer/magnetometer range?
In hobby-grade MEMS IMUs and MARGS such as MPU-6050, you can change certain registers on the chip and modify the sensor's range. For example 2 g or 8 g for an accelerometer. Of course, because the ADC resolution doesn't change, you get lower maximu... |
H: Inductor as current source
In this schematic for an induction heater, there are two inductors used for current sources. My question is what happens if I increase/decrease the inductance? For example, what would happen if I replaced the two 100uH coils with 1mH coils?
Source: https://markobakula.wordpress.com/power... |
H: Overheat from voltage dividing circuit?
I want to create a circuit that is capable of delivering 1V, 3A from a 5V, 3A power supply.
To do this im using a voltage dividing circuit with a 1k ohm resistor (r1) and 220ohm resistor (r2). The resistors im using are rated 1/4W. Will they overheat?
Thanks
AI: No, it won't ... |
H: Identify this 2-pin component - markings include AUPO A4-F
This part went bad, I have no idea what it is to order it on Mueller site, can you identify it for me?
Thanks to anyone that does.
.
AI: That is an AUPO A4-F 130°C 2A thermal fuse.
Datasheet available here.
Here is a copy of a relevant part of the datasheet... |
H: USB-C connector locking mechnism?
Is there an internal component in usb-c that helps hold the connection tight?
I have 2 usb cables by 2 different manufacturers.
One I bought last year by some random company named 'SUNGUY' on amazon.
And more recently splurged for fancy Anker ones.
The Anker ones don't stay in as w... |
H: Is it possible to take the transfer function of a transistor?
I am using a common emitter amplifier to bias and amplify the signal from an electric guitar, and in the process I started wondering whether it is possible to include a transistor in a transfer function. If it is assumed that the transistor is acting in... |
H: How do I find op amp specifications regarding voltage limits?
This question is perhaps a bit unusual and is about how to read/interpret specifications. I have been doing some testing with a common difference amp (LM324) and have also used LTSpice to double check that my actual breadboarded results are what the sim... |
H: What can cause oven’s heating element to deform?
What can cause a heating element to deform this way?
My oven is tripping the breaker whenever I turn on the heating, LCD and light are working fine, the front LED flickers though!
The model of the oven is IKEA Framdit OV9.
One of the elements has 30 ohm resistance a... |
H: A general purpose way to connect cellphone line out to a microcontroller ADC
I have looked at many questions with similar titles but cone cover my query.
Question: How can I protect an STM32 Cortex M4 series ADC input when measuring the AUX output voltage from typical smartphones (eg Samsung Galaxy)
Here is a circ... |
H: Applied 370degC at the input of an ADC in a Microcontroller
I am using this Microcontroller - 100 pin
I have configured pin 82 as an ADC input. ADC Reference voltage is 5V (provided from an LDO whose input voltage is 12V)
To test my ADC accuracy, I took a thin 45cm copper wire from that pin and started to measure.
... |
H: TI TPS6116 Output Voltage
I am designing an LED backlight driver as a sub-circuit for a DPI interface. The backlight in question requires 12.8V. I am trying to use the TPS61161 and have read through all of the documentation quite extensively. What I don't understand is that the output voltage is "38V Max" and th... |
H: Does 12 V DC to +6 VDC and -6VDC with discrete components require conversion to AC?
I have a 12 volt battery and want to power a 741 Op Amp, but that requires + and - voltage supplies. Is there a more efficient way to give a + and - supply to the op amp from the battery without converting to AC first.
By converting... |
H: How do I amplify the difference between two voltages?
Starting at the beginning: I have a shunt that carries DC current, and the voltage drop is very slight. I want to amplify it in order to see it better on oscilloscope, and to have it scaled correctly for e.g. an Arduino ADC. This to measure the current.
So one s... |
H: Recommendations for On-Hand 74xx (and others?) ICs
I've been learning about logic gates (from Ben Eater's videos, etc.) and I find myself constantly having to order more ICs, especially 74xxs. Is there a list of ones I should keep on hand to help avoid unnecessary delays from ordering.
This question helped a lot bu... |
H: Op-amp astable multivibrator with single supply
I want to create a simple circuit to flash a LED with one op-amp. I already simulated the circuit (astable multivibrator) but there is one problem with the supply. I don't know what to change so that it works for single supply. However, when I use dual-supply it will... |
H: SystemVerilog same function, different simulation results
Why does the simulator calculate different results for these signals: prova1 and prova2? In my opinion, those are representing the very same function.
Signal declaration is:
logic [12:0] sub_ton;
logic [11:0] sub_ton_neg;
logic prova1;
logic prova2;
Here ... |
H: Dual channel DAC - Combined output mode - Possible downsides
Can a Dual channel DAC be operated with both output channels tied together to achieve a higher output current?
What would be possible downsides?
Background:
I require an programmable voltage source with up to 25 mA,
and would have liked to do so with min... |
H: is this level shifter a dud or am i doing something silly?
i am very new to hardware circuitry and am attempting to connect a wiegand rfid and pin code reader to a raspberry pi for door access control logic. more details at: https://gist.github.com/grenade/d7289df5c83172b82052b2b87df9f978.
in the 2nd photo below, t... |
H: Differential amplifier (transistors): Which input is inverting?
For example, on the following differential amplifier it is clear, which of the inputs is the inverting one. If the voltage on the non-inverting input (base of Q1) is higher, the current through Q1 will increase. That leads to a higher voltage on R2 and... |
H: Double Sided Printed Circuit Board
New to this forum and literally do not know anything about electrical engineering.
I have a simple question for you as I am looking for some informed opinion in order to decide wether to invest in a stock or not..
This company: https://www.nano-di.com/investor-news/hensoldt-and-na... |
H: How to interpret the S-parameters of this result?
I'm designing an FSS in CST MWS that should be providing maximum reflection for the band (12 to 15)GHz and hence minimum transmission to this band. I've got the results has shown here. How do I find the return loss and transmission loss? Out of these 8 data legends ... |
H: Control Systems - Pole Location
Hello there I am trying to solve a question and in the question I have a system with two complex conjugate poles. The question asks me to analyse the Maximum % Overshoot, Settling-Peak-Rise Time and Damping ratio if those poles were moved to the left. Here are my conclusions:
Natura... |
H: Do digital signal isolators shift the level of the signal
I am using 2 digital signal isolators, the ISOW7841 and the ISO7730.
The datasheet does not seem to explicitly say that if a signal coming from the 5V side comes out 3.3V on the other side or vice versa. I just want to make sure.
Do digital signal isolator... |
H: Flashing program into microcontroller, usb-ttl, idea behind?
I have limited knowledge on this topic(MCUs, communication protocols, etc.). I back then worked with an STM32 MCU and did some UART(or USART, can't remember) communication between a PC and the MCU. While I was doing that, I was using on-board ST-LINK prog... |
H: Steering wheel controls with zener diode?
I am looking at my steering wheel schematics and trying to find what are these zener diode doing there?
I want to be sure there's no problem feeding 5V from an Arduino to check the ADC values without having 12V from the control backlights backfeeding into the resistor netwo... |
H: How do resistive type fuel level sensors work?
Resistive type fuel level sensors which are used in fuel storage tanks(such as those at fuel stations) comprise of 2 visible parts; dual probe rods and a connecting float.
When the float is at the very bottom the output of the sensor is Vmin(possibly ~0V) and as the f... |
H: Issue with low voltage for mosfet gate
I am a beginner when it comes to electronics so I would appreciate your help with a simple project I am working on and have been struggling with for several days.
The idea is that I have a PIR Sensor outputting to GPIO 24 on my Pi. Via a python script, I would like to switch o... |
H: Hole size of BGA stencil
I need to design a stencil for reballing.
0.76 is the diameter of the ball.
What should be the size of each hole in the stencil?
I was thinking about 0.8mm. Is that correct?
AI: This is a very complex matter and a higly professional task.
Please take care that (in normal cases), BGA pad dim... |
H: Why does this part of an OLED filter light only when orientated correctly?
Note: The screen is an OLED screen. I had assumed it was LCD, therefore the post mentions it as such.
I was disassembling a Samsung phone (GT-I9305) and was able to seperate the LCD into two sections.
The top section consists of the top gla... |
H: Schmitt trigger offset voltage
I found this circuit which generates an offset voltage to the hystersis (so the threshold voltages are for example not -3V and 3V but -2V and 4V).
It would be the same as if you remove R1 and put a voltage source between R2 and GND, right? The circuit above just realizes that?
How do... |
H: Switch power on/off when SD card is inserted/removed in slot
I have ESP32 and I'm using it to read/write data from an SD card that is directly connected over SPI. This works fine. Now I want to switch on the ESP32 automatically by switching on the 3.3v power supply when an SD card is connected. When the SD card is ... |
H: Does foam have the ability to broaden the bandwidth of an antenna?
In some designs of aperture coupled patch antennas, a foam is used between the ground plane and the patch substrate.
What would be main logic using it there? The reason of using it may be that when feed line substrate and patch substrate are the sa... |
H: Can this driver be simplified?
I have this driver. It has two MOSFETs and two complementary signals to drive them:
The load (a bunch of LEDs) sees 5 V or 0 V and, in average, they take a maximum of 100 mA.
However, the top MOSFET needs a driver signal that is not referenced to ground, which makes things a bit comp... |
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