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H: Microcontroller 24V digital output
For a microcontroller generating a 20mA industrial digital output. What kind of setup is best?
I'm considering:
Microcontroller pin driving a low current N-FET to pull a 24V signal to ground. But this is probably not good as EMF on the line could damage the microcontroller.
Using... |
H: I have read that putting 2 transformers in parallel or in series will increase the output power, how does this work?
I have questions about transformers placed in series and parallel and how they are able to amplify voltage for series and current for parallel without decreasing current/voltage as the case for a ste... |
H: 2.7-4.2 V Li-Ion battery to 5 V 5 A converter
I have a 2.7-4.2 V Li-Ion battery. I want to convert this battery to boost 5 V-5 A power supply for a short time usage.
I know there are lots of ICs to convert these values but I need advice for which one. I don't have an external bias voltage to feed the IC. Should I u... |
H: Darlington pair first transistor collector current
I want to increase the first transistor collector current but I can't.
I increase the first transistor base current. Transistor doesn't respond as I expected. Collector current doesn't increase.
When I decrease the base current, the beta value increases.
Why does t... |
H: Which battery will be good for gas/water metering - lithium thionyl chloride or lithium manganese dioxide?
We are working on gas/water meters.
We are currently using lithium thionyl chloride batteries for our device. After reading some technical documents we found that the lithium manganese dioxide batteries perfor... |
H: What's ground coupling used for?
I have a digital storage oscilloscope. The probes have three options for coupling:
DC
AC
Ground
My understanding of 1 & 2 is:
DC: I connect the ground clamp of the probe to ground, the 'live' probe to the thing I'm interested in and the scope will show me an absolute potential ... |
H: Connecting MISO and MOSI signals between master and slave
My goal is to flash the external SPI of ICE40 FPGA through Dediprog before powering on the FPGA and let the FPGA read the image file in the SPI after powering on the FPGA.
after trying doing this on the iCE40 16-WLCSP Evaluation Kit, the FPGA was able to rea... |
H: What is a real-life situation where injected currents can impact a home appliance?
I am refreshing my study on EMC testing guidelines and I am reading a reference guide that mentions,
the typical use of BCI (bulk current injection) is to inject a common-mode current into a cable or cable bundle to simulate an illu... |
H: How to change track width in Altium for already placed tracks
I have a PCB with 8 layers and hundreds of tracks on different layers that already placed and length matched. I have to change again the track width to achieve the 50 Ohm impedance again because we have changed the stack up.
I can’t select all lines at o... |
H: Boost converter output does not match sim
I'm experimenting with a simple boost converter. However, the measured output value on the breadboard is nowhere near what I expect :
Simulation in LTspice gives about 4.5V while I'm measuring about 2.8V, even less than the input. Am I doing something wrong?
(Eventually, I... |
H: Simulating IEPE powered sensor and current source
I am trying to create a simulation of an IEPE sensor circuit and get it to match measured behavior of something like a PCB 378B02 microphone connected to such a supply.
IEPE sensor-side amplifier implementations appear to be a trade secret however I'm hoping there's... |
H: Op-Amp Based Multiplier LTSpice Simulation
I'm supposed to make a multiplier with log amplifier configuration using LM741 op-amps and 1N4001 diodes. I found this circuit configuration in this Youtube video. However, the output voltages I get are much different than what I am supposed to get, as seen at the figure. ... |
H: Reverse engineering garage door opener signal
I have a new liftmaster (chamberlain) garage door opener that has a wired keypad. The keypad has several buttons on it, but for my purposes I'm only interested in the door open/close and light on/off buttons. I would like to reverse engineer this signal in order to cont... |
H: What part do I need to get this small 12V DC pump running?
I am searching for the other half of a 120VAC-to-12VDC power supply, to power a cat water fountain. This is surprisingly hard, I think because I'm not using the correct language. The manufacturer's website shows the pump but does not sell it (item TP-200): ... |
H: How do Sequential circuits exactly work?
Currently I am trying to learn more about computer architecture. I seem to understand the concept of sequential circuits but there is one thing I cant understand and I cannot find any info on it
Lets say we have a Latch with NAND gates, my question is specifically on the par... |
H: Capacitor in LC filter
Please excuse me for this noob question. I have been wrapping my head around this for some time. If it's irrelevant here please comment, I'll delete this question.
If a capacitor blocks DC and passes only AC, why is it used along with an inductor in an LC filter?
AI: You're asking about an LC... |
H: Value of Ferrite Bead
How do I deduce the value of the ferrite bead between pin 2 and 16 as shown in the schematic.
AI: The ferrites have 3 important parameters:
Impedance (Z) at specific frequency (f)
Max allowed current (Imax)
And the package (Sometimes, this may not be given in the schematics)
Knowing these, y... |
H: Selecting a fuse for a device that powers on at 48V @ 0.1 amps
I am passing current through an Ethernet cable in order to power on a device.
Basically I am making use of the Blue and Brown cables:
The device that I am powering uses 48 V DC and only uses 0.1 amps. In other words it uses only about 5 watts of power.... |
H: Why are data selectors referred to as "multiplexers"
I think it would be intuitive if a multiplexer was a component that "multiplied" the number of signals coming out of it, i.e. splits one complex signal into many simpler ones. However, I know that a multiplexer actually refers to a component that serves the inver... |
H: What is the purpose of a carrier signal in communication technology?
What is the carrier signal for when we actually do not care about this but only about the other signal (the useful signal?)
Why isn't only the useful signal used instead of mixing it with the carrier?
AI: If you were to transmit just the audio si... |
H: 2N2222 NPN transistor base resistor calculation
I am quite new to electronics. I am trying to control three LEDs with an Arduino using a transistor.
I was wondering what the base current limiting resistor value should be.
I looked around the internet and some YouTube videos and came up with these calculations, but ... |
H: Parallel resistor in pi filter
What is the purpose of resistor in this filter circuit? Is it really needed?
AI: It could be one (or many ) of three things
damping resistor associated with the 2nd order system that has been created. The Q factor of the LC could be quite high and it can cause quite large amplitude s... |
H: How do the non-circuit old Christmas lights flash?
I have a 80's Christmas incandescent light string without any kind of electronics. They are static until you replace one normal bulb with one marked bulb.
It seems to be that the marked bulb (that actually also works) has some kind of special filament that burns ou... |
H: Strange DC point in vintage amplifier
I've been restoring a vintage Marantz Model 33 amplifier and, for the most part, it came out ok, but I've noticed some weirdness in the final output stage of the center channel.
While it does work, I've noticed it went into clipping on the positive side of the sine wave on high... |
H: Second Order LTI Low Pass Filter solving for Voltage Out
I'm having a problem with understanding my textbook for solving the Voltage Out for the second order LTI Low pass RC Filter.
Why do you need to find the square root in the given equation with the red circle on it? Why are there also the \$| |\$ symbols in \$V... |
H: Why can't electrons leave the N side and enter the P side in reverse bias?
Why can't electrons (excess electrons) of the N side of a semiconductor diode enter the P side via the battery in reverse bias mode of PN junction? like this:
AI: With battery positive on N and battery negative on P you have a reverse biased... |
H: Does this ROM Chip Require a Level Shifter on the SPI lines?
I have this ROM chip: https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/adesto-technologies/AT25SL321-MBUE-T/6827495
I see it takes ~1.8V nominal input - do the 3.3V SPI lines need to be level-shifted down to 1.8V?
AI: The data sheet is quite clear: -
So, if ru... |
H: Knowledge requested for WS2811 Based RGB LED driver Module
Design of LED Module based on WS2811 LED driver IC (Only Red-channel is shown).
To the right of the schematic you will find a simple, cheap and robust constant current LED driver. The current for the connected LED(s) can be easily adjusted with R4 (in this... |
H: How do I visualize Verilog/HDL simulation?
I know that execution is a misnomer here, still using it due to lack of a better word. Edit: simulation.
Coming from a programming background, where we have debuggers to step over, in and out of a particular code block and we have watches to monitor the real time values of... |
H: The field in a waveguide at exactly the cut-off frequency
Can anyone explain to me qualitatively, what kind of field exists inside a waveguide at EXACTLY the cut-off frequency?
I would be grateful if an explanation was given about waveguides with metalic boundaries and dielectric waveguides (optical fibers).
AI: On... |
H: Connecting Google Home To Arduino - Issues with ground
I am attempting to connect my google home to an Arduino so I can read when the speaker is on. (This will control a Big Mouth Billy Bass but that is not relevant here.)
When the speaker (google home) in plugged in to its own power supply the circuit works perfec... |
H: What type of plug is this?
I'm seeking to buy this type of plug but can't find it anywhere. I tried asking at my local electronics shops, googled the images and consulted the data sheet of the appliance it came with. (12V input on an Indel B fridge.)
Any pointers would be appreciated. Thanks!
AI: That looks like a ... |
H: N-MOSFET and NPN latching switch
I've seen many latching circuits through searching and reading some simple circuits.
Most use NPN+PNP combination, some bistable ones use two NPNs, some use DPDT relays.
Is the following circuit going to work as a latch?
The idea is that after the momentary switch is pressed , load... |
H: Type of X is incompatible with type of XXXX
I have the following code(I'm pretty new in VHDL):
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_unsigned.ALL;
entity prac6 is
Port ( P1 : in STD_LOGIC;
P0 : in STD_LOGIC;
D3 : in STD_LOGIC;
D2 : in STD_LOGIC;
D1 : in... |
H: How to limit voltage to microcontroller, and drain the rest?
I am designing a circuit to control a set of 0-10v dimmable lights. The lights have two lines, Dim+ and Dim-. Dim+ will be at 10 volts, and the brightness is controlled based on how much is drained to Dim-. Right now I am controlling the lights with an n-... |
H: Identify vintage capacitor
What is this component? Words on it say something like:
DUIULER
0.1 ? +- 23%
250V 50~ WKG
TL
Where the "?" is a literal blob of ink that could be anything.
In circuit it lies across the phase and neutral lines, in parallel with an enormous chonking ceramic horizontal rheostat-lik... |
H: Coaxial Cable vs Shunt, path of least impedance
The website LearnEMC.com has a page called Identifying Current Paths which contains the following graphics.
The graphic on the left shows a coaxial cable arranged in a "U" shape, with a shunt connecting the shield at each end of the U. The graphic on the right shows ... |
H: How to fix overly sensitive switch
The switches in the presenter (clicker) depicted below normally close when firmly pressed, by giving way and making contact with a positive feeling and sound. However, the bottom-right switch appears to close at a mere touch, so much so that when the switch above it is pressed, th... |
H: Multiple DC DC regulators
I am studying a schematic which has a backplane card and another 6 cards interfaced on it.
There is a power card which has EMI filters, transient protection module and an isolated DC DC regulator that taps from a 24V DC external source and provide 24V DC, 5V DC and 3.3V DC.
There is anothe... |
H: Can I use another pin instead of VIN?
I'm currently trying to copy a setup (seen below) for an audio player using an ESP32-S2-Saola-1 instead of an ESP32-Wroom.
The problem is that the ESP32-S2-Saola-1 doesn't have a VIN pin. Can I use another pin instead of VIN or is it simply not needed?
I'm powering the board wi... |
H: Does a voltage drop exist in a current-carrying loop of wire?
Suppose current is induced in a loop of wire by a changing magnetic flux, would there be a voltage drop along the wire?
If a voltage drop does exist then somewhere along the length of the wire there should be a jump in voltage otherwise it would violate ... |
H: Is there anything wrong with this MOSFET switching circuit that disconnects the batteries from the circuit when charging?
I'm trying to teach myself electronics hence my beginner skills in design. I want to design a circuit to power another with two 18650 li-ion batteries in series. Charging them in series seemed l... |
H: Is this a switch?
This is about a component from a toy ( a very similar one here) that I've repaired, just needed soldering on some cables. I've come across this component
This should be sensing/checking the drummer is touched so that music starts.
What is this component?
AI: It's a piezo buzzer/sensor like this o... |
H: CN3722 solar controller does not stop charging
I have this custom PCB witha CN3722 module. I charge two 18650 batteries. Resistors XVR7 and XVR6 are calculated for 8.3 volts.
The charger charges the batteries and the "done" LED turns on when the voltage of the batteries gets to 8.3v.
The problem is that it doesn'... |
H: CN3722 solar controller - What MOSFET should I use?
I need to know what P-channel MOSFET to use with a CN3722 to charge two 18650 batteries.
The datasheet doesn't say what MOSFET to use.
My solar panel parameter are:
maximum power 10w
maximum operating current 0.57 Amp
maximum operating voltage 18.5 volts
My batt... |
H: Equivalent resistances in differential amplifier equation
When we simplify this differential amplifier and have equations for Va and Vb, then equate them together to write the expression for Vout. How come it is assumed that R2 = R1 and R4 = R3?
For example here the equation would be:
But using R2 = R1 and R4 = R... |
H: How to swap 3 AAA batteries for a rechargeable battery with a charging module
I have this table lamp that uses 3 AAA batteries to function, but the batteries run out pretty fast, so I'd like to swap them for a rechargeable battery that I can plug into a USB charger without having to take it out, basically like char... |
H: new arrived 7.5V tablet battery only measured 7.05V, is it a bad battery?
I am replacing my Surface Pro 4 battery. I bought a new replacement battery on eBay. Its spec is 38.2Wh 7.5V = 5087mAh. I measured with my multimeter today. It shows 7.05V. I noticed that one of the YouTubers' replacement battery is 7.67V bef... |
H: Defining lumped and distributed elements according to signal travel time
We define distributed elements as circuit elements where the physical dimensions of the elements cannot be ignored and the differential equations stating the current, voltage etc also contain a variable signifying physical size. Fair enough.
M... |
H: Is the current supplied by battery constant if I connect a battery to a capacitor and inductor in parallel?
If I connect an inductor and capacitor in parallel will the current supplied by battery be constant or will it die out? I have done some calculations which I have shown below here i assumed that total current... |
H: Internal Pull-Up (PU) for LATTICE ICE40 LP1k
I'm using AD8541 Amplifier as a Power Good indicator for +VCCST_CPU that comes from Intel Tiger Lake UP3 on the motherboard I'm building.
The outputs V5S_OK and VCCST_CPU_OK go to an ICE40 LP1k FPGA.
How do I know if I need to set a weak pull-up to these signals inside ... |
H: 555 Astable : Separate charge and discharge resistors?
The 555 astable oscillator seems to be usually implemented with one common resistor between the charging and discharging paths of the capacitor.
Is there something wrong with putting one resistor for the charging path, and one for the discharging path?
AI: Is ... |
H: Non-ideal transformer transient state
So, I've encountered a problem that doesn't look that hard, but I simply can't solve it. I have a simple non-ideal transformer circuit and I want to compute V_0. What I was able to find so far are the equations for each loop.
For t >= 0:
Loop 1:
i_1 + 2*(i_1)' + (i_2)' = 6
Loop... |
H: How to solve this oscillator problem
I have done some calculations which I have shown below here i assumed that total current supplied by battery is I
here is the problem
AI: Well, the current supplied by the source is given by:
$$\text{i}_\text{i}\left(t\right)=\mathscr{L}_\text{s}^{-1}\left[\frac{\hat{\text{u}}}{... |
H: Written notation for voltage divider
Is there a notation for the expression of a voltage divider? What I mean with this is some notation to express \$Z_1/(Z_1+Z_2)\$, like the notation Z1//Z2 for the expression of parallel impedances \$Z_1*Z_2/(Z_1+Z_2)\$
AI: Is there a notation for the expression of a voltage divi... |
H: Equivalent circuit of the transformer
Why are the core resistance and core inductance in the equivalent circuit of the transformer shown in parallel while the winding resistance and leakage reactance are in series?
Why are core resistance and core inductance not also shown in series?
AI: Maybe you should forget abo... |
H: magnetically coupled inductor equations
How come the mutual inductance for the v1(t) equation has a negative sign and the mutual inductance for the v2(t) equation have a positive sign? I don't properly understand how the signs of the self and mutual inductance is derived, because from my understanding current into... |
H: Feedback for a circuit
I am designing my first original circuit, which is a take on the 'Useless Box'. I have designed a schematic and I am seeking feedback on it. I am a complete newbie so most likely there will be some pretty obvious mistakes.
A brief explanation
The main input is a SPDT switch labelled action, t... |
H: How can I produce a continuous sound of pressure 70 dB with randomized noise?
How can I achieve a sound system that can produce a continuous sound with randomized noise in the range 70-75 dB?
I need that for conducting a medical experiment in which the doctor measures stress hormones levels induced due to prolonged... |
H: Measuring AC with a DC offset using a digital multi-meter
I got a bit confused about how AC voltmeters on digital multi-meters work. I don't want to know about for example sampling method or conversion of analog to digital data. I need to know whether it can only measure the sinusoidal wave with only zero offsets.
... |
H: Where do Logic Gates Get the First 0 or 1?
I've been thinking about playing around with some logic gates on breadboards... But where do I get the first 0 or 1? I could use a regulator,but is there a better solution? or would a logic gate just automatically interpret no voltage/current as a 0?
AI: A CMOS logic gate ... |
H: Altium surface pad next to throughhole pad design
I'm trying to make a simple board that will use an Arduino Nano 33. These boards allow for being either used as an SMT board or with a standard throughhole header.
I'd like to make the board where I can use either - header at first so I can remove it if I need to re... |
H: 3.3V to 5V logic converter
I'm looking to drive some NeoPixels off an 3.3V Arduino Nano. I've read that I need to use a logic shifter as the NeoPixels run off 5V. Adafruit recommends the chip 74AHCT125 but I want a surface mount chip.
Would the chip SN74HCT04DRG4 be a good alternative to this for logic shifter from... |
H: DC-DC Buck Converter
In my schematic, I have a DC-DC buck converter that takes in 5V and outputs 3.3V.
a. When I connect the 5V the DC-DC converter outputs 0.7V
b. When I remove the FL1 and replace it with a diode, the DC-DC outputs 3.3V
c. When the 5V source is removed, the input to DC-DC reads 0.7V
I am guessing ... |
H: Plotting MOS resistances in transmission gates in spice
I am trying to plot the resistance of MOS transistors in transmission gates, as a function of output voltage in ltSpice, as shown in this figure from Jan.M.Rabey:
I have a circuit with same specifications and plotted DC sweep at input voltage V6. I have this ... |
H: Low pass filter - cut off frequency
How do I find the cut off frequency of a low pass filter?
Consider the following part:
https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/1062fd.pdf
Edit: I have attached the schematic. What is it's cut-off frequency?
AI: You have the internal clock selected: -
... |
H: Is it a bad practice to use capacitors to GND to prevent long traces from ringing?
Suppose, I have a long trace (e.g. 30 cm) that is driven from one end and that is carrying a DC or LF voltage (e.g. audio signal or power trace). The other end of the trace is high impedance compared to the trace's characteristic imp... |
H: What circuit symbol is this?
Can anyone tell me what this symbol is?
AI: It is shorthand notation for a PMOS Enhancement-Mode Device. Note that for this notation the PMOS has a circle on the input, like that of a digital logic’s notation where inversion is indicated with a circle. While a PMOS does not invert a si... |
H: Beginner seeking feedback on circuit design: SEPIC with adjustable voltage
I recently got very interested in electrical engineering. After watching a bunch of YouTube videos on circuit and PCB design, I figured it's finally the time to get a bit hands on. I decided to start by designing a relatively simple variable... |
H: Is it satisfactory for me to use the Clock speed to create a random 4-bit using a synchronous counter?
I want to implement a circuit that generates a random 4 bit using a synchronous counter.
Is it satisfactory to achieve a "somehow" random generator by using a parallel 4-bit counter with the help of the clock spee... |
H: Voltage Sensor - Differential output
How does this voltage sensor provide a differential output from a single input?
Data sheet: https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/AV02-3563EN
AI: According to the datasheet, the outputs have an offset of 1.23V, and the maximum voltage swing for each output is 2.46V:
Think of it like t... |
H: Electrolytic capacitor failure mode
In a project we're working on, we had an electrolytic capacitor explode on us. It was a surface mount device, UCM1H470MCL1GS from Nichicon:
So far, we've seen our project run for many hundreds of hours without incident, so I'm fairly sure there is no fundamental error in the cir... |
H: What is the mistake in this combinational logic circuit diagram?
I am trying to represent the combinational logic circuit to perform 5x3 multiplier operation using 1-bit full adder using CSEDAR Simulator, the label is based on this operations:
My answer is as below, but the problem is that some operations work cor... |
H: What is the difference between large signal model/analysis and dc model/analysis?
I am studying microelectronics. I have studied about the DC analysis and the AC analysis. The DC analysis is just to find the operating point or the quiescent point and then the AC analysis is done. An AC analysis can be done in two w... |
H: High capacitance C0G (NPO) capacitor
[EDIT] : modified the value of cutoff frequency to 4.8kHz after reading the answer of Andy aka.
[EDIT2] Added somme information regarding comments under the question.
I need to build a LC high-pass filter that cuts at 4.8kHz with a fixed L value of 2.5 µH. This filter is install... |
H: Clock source of an STM32G030K6T6
I am currently designing a GPS tracker and have decided to go with an STM, choosing just STM32G030K6T6 (datasheet).
I currently have the following pinout configured:
My question is, since there is no OSC_OUT pin, am I not allowed to use an oscillator crystal? Or should I use OSC_EN... |
H: Topology of a multiple feedback filter with differential input
While looking for a multiple feedback filter with differential inputs and single ended output I came across those two low-pass filter which are identical excepted for C2 capacitor.
Will the transfer function of those two design be equivalent? If not wha... |
H: Straighten schematic connections in Altium
I noticed that the wires in Altium are not straight. Is there a way to ensure that they stay straight?
AI: Use a grid spacing of 2.54 mm (100 mil) in Altium schematic editor.
In the bottom left corner of Altium, you can see the current grid size:
In the properties inspect... |
H: Does Alternator Self-Excitation Require Rectification?
I am learning about self-excitation in alternators.
My understanding is that there is residual magnetism in the rotor. As it spins, this generates a current in a stator which is then fed to the (rotating) field coils to increase the strength of the magnetic fie... |
H: Adding a DC Power Adapter Socket to Sony AM/FM Radio
A friend has asked me to do a mod on their basic Sony AM/FM Radio (Model ICF306). It's 3V based but only accepts batteries. I thought about opening it up and soldering a 5.5mm Socket across the +/- battery terminals, but then figured this was probably not a goo... |
H: A coil of inductance 0.50 H and resistance 100Ω is connected to a 240 V, 50 Hz ac supply. What exactly is 240V here?
As far as I've understood, doesn't 240V represent Vm here? We solved questions in class like these (but in those it was inductance only) and there we took Vm one as the one given with the frequency. ... |
H: 12V battery back-up system using a relay
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
I am trying to use a 12V battery as a back up power source. I made this circuit but it doesn't work properly.
When the adapter is off the device (shown as a lamp) works on battery no problem, but when I plug in the ... |
H: AND gate working in Multisim circuit but not AND IC 7408
I am a newbie in electronics. I was trying to replicate this traffic control diagram:
I recreated the circuit in Multisim using 2 clocks and an AND gate, the 3 LEDs light up:
If I replace the AND gate with a 7408 IC, the green LED does not light up anymore... |
H: What is the best way to get several serial digital \$n\$ bits while adding them?
I need to design a digital circuit that gets incoming \$n\$ parallel inputs, add each incoming n bits, and each sum is placed in an \$n\$ flip-flops, overriding what is previously stored on the flip-flops.
In summary, the circuit solve... |
H: How to determine the Rds(on) from a MOSFET datasheet
I want to know the RDS(on) of this MOSFET when VGS = 3.5 V, and ID = 5 A .
As you can see, the graph stops at 2.5 A.
data sheet link:
https://pdf1.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/view/555356/STMICROELECTRONICS/VNP20N07FI.html
AI: I want to know the RDS(on) of thi... |
H: P-Channel MOSFET power selector question
I've seen this circuit used in several ESP32 designs (e.g. the Sparkfun ESP32 Thing) and in an answer on this site that allows a device to be powered by either 5V from a USB connection or a battery. V_OUT shown in the schematic usually goes to an LDO to convert 5V to 3.3V.
I... |
H: How can this circuit oscillate at a VHF frequency?
I am practicing RF. I have looked at an FM transmitter circuit in a video.
I went on to analyse it.
When the analysis got to the tank resonant circuit, I could not get it.
This parallel LC circuit is a bandstop circuit. This means it will increase the impedance wh... |
H: Why does the comparator burn in this oscillator circuit?
I have the following circuit:
Power filtering:
The 330 μH chip inductor has about 10 Ω series resistance. I scoped the powerup to 5 V and the overshoot even with no load was minimal (maybe 300 mV).
Oscillator circuit:
There is nothing else on the board (unp... |
H: Discrepancy when using .step command in LT Spice
I have a transistor circuit where I wish to determine the transistor dimensions W and L, such that \$V_{out} = 1.5\text{V} \$
I have defined W and L for the two NMOS transistors. I have set L = 1u in the PMOS transistors and then I am sweeping through W to find a su... |
H: Murata simsurfing: what is the green line
I was checking murata simsurfing, and I saw there is a green line next to the blue on for the capacitor graph:
The green line on the Resistance-Frequency is also constant, very different from the blue line.
I cannot understand what it represents. The green graph gives me a... |
H: Are there any resources on Column Last Attach Process?
I am trying to find resources about this process, but the only thing I have been able to find is the full form of the acronym CLAP any help is appreciated.
This process is used vehemently in the design of BGA chips and attaching the BGA to the chip, but no comp... |
H: Why is there a Schottky diode connected to the low-side switch
I am trying to understand the reason for having a Schottky diode for protection in a buck switch by reading here.
To summarize, I can understand why two the switches should not be turned on at the same time, and I also can understand why there is a dea... |
H: How to locate timer channels for this uC board?
I'm trying to visualize and point on diagram where timer channels at this datasheet.
STM32 uses the term channels. I guess what mean by timer channels are timer outputs. What is meant by channel?
Can someone show an example for this board for ChannelX of TimerX on the... |
H: Does USB have some kind of current cutter that cuts the current for safety?
I accidentally got 24V into the GND on my Arduino and then the USB shut off - but not all of them. When I restarted my computer, then all USB shut off and they are not giving out any current. Notice that the GND of the 24V power source was ... |
H: Given total impedance find impedances for parallel RC
How do you find impedances for parallel RC circuit given a total impedance?
More specifically, given this RC parallel combination:
$$Z = R\ ||\ \frac{1}{j\omega C} = \frac{R}{(1 + j\omega RC)}$$
And total impedance:
$$Z = 5.993 - j1.356\ M\Omega$$
How do you end... |
H: new battery, full charged capacity less than designed capacity and wear level at least 7% after drain empty
I just installed a new OEM battery to my Surface Pro 4.
The 1st-round test result is like this:
The 2nd-round test result:
The 3rd-round test result:
The 4th-round test result:
If I charge it to full. Th... |
H: ESP32-C3 difference between embedded and external flash
We are planning to add WiFi and BLE5 capabilities to our hardware and have narrowed down the module choices to ESP32_C3_MINI_1U and ESP32_C3_WROOM_02U. Unfortunately I lack any hands-on experience with ESP modules to make a final decision.
The only two differe... |
H: Inverter voltage conversion
I have a 24 Vdc battery that I have connected to an inverter to. Using the Vrms to Vac equation (i.e. multiplying by sqrt(2)) I would find the peak value of the Vac. So it would be 34.0 Vac. My question is that if I could make that Vac value lower instead of being 34.0 Vac by the inverte... |
H: What kind of protection does a circuit need to have for reading the output of a CT?
A CT (current transformer) is installed to measure the line current for digital measurement and protection devices. In many cases, the CT is installed in open weather or on poles, making it vulnerable to lightning.
The voltage acros... |
H: LT3966 LED driver design
I have 2 strings of LED which have 6 LEDs in series. Initially, I considered using one CC boost module and a matrix dimmer, or a single driver with multichannel load switches to control the strings individually but after much searching up I found LT3966 and started the schematic design arou... |
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