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H: Accurate readings from Hall sensor flow meter on Raspberry Pi 4 vs Arduino
I have a working project on my Arduino which tells me how much water has flowed through the sensor (http://www.swissflow.com/sf800.html). It works pretty well (give or take few ml.) The Arduino is too limited for my needs and wanted to port ... |
H: How should I understand this 1.5 V to 90 V voltage step-up network?
I am learning about Jim Williams's avalanche pulse generator.
It is in page 93 of AN47 - High Speed Amplifier Techniques.
I don't understand the circuit's voltage step up network, which is 1.5 V to 90 V.
It looks like C2 and D2 form a Villard volt... |
H: PTC Resettable fuse
I need to limit the current of a motor to around 1A. I would like to use a PTC fuse so that it trips in the rare occasion the motor is forced by the user to draw too much current because the motor is having to work harder than it should.
I understand the PTC fuse has a hold current, e.g. 750mA (... |
H: Why was this MOSFET destroyed?
I built a simple voltage regulator circuit like this:
I'm using an LM723 but any op-amp will do. When I shorted the output, the MOSFET was destroyed instantly but I don't know why.
I have tested many MOSFETs from cheap Chinese ones to a real IRFZ48. They were all destroyed the same w... |
H: Keypad interfacing on microcontroller
I am extremely new to dealing with microcontrollers and programming in general.
The picture below is a circuit board using a PIC18F4520 microcontroller.
As of now, I am focused on the 4x4 matrix keypad and how it works but I am completely lost.
Articles online say that you con... |
H: 13-48 V SEPIC - > 19.5 Vout; 0.5 A
I am trying to design a SEPIC converter with the parameters stated above and have already drawn a schematic using the LM5022 IC. I have built the system and noticed a few things:
The output voltage is a stable 19.66 V with an open circuit load, but the duty cycle of the signal t... |
H: sniffing a 32.768kHz low-power oscillator
I'm troubleshooting a real-time clock and suspect that under certain conditions the oscillator stops. How could I check if it is running, especially when the RTC chip is on battery power? It is Maxim Dallas DS1307 with external crystal.
The oscilloscope input capacitance wo... |
H: Connecting multiplexer/demultiplexer input to Vcc of the same chip. Will this cause any performance issues?
In one of my circuits, I am connecting the I/P pin of multiplexer/demultiplexer to Vcc (5V) as shown below. I have 2 questions.
When switching, will the current draw cause performance deviations in this conne... |
H: How is an 8p10c connector possible?
I thought I understood how modular connector naming worked: npmc, where n is the number of positions and m the number of loaded positions, always loading from the middle out. So for an 8p8c connector, there are eight positions and all of them are loaded with contacts, or for a 6p... |
H: Passive filter design with input load
I took several DSP courses years ago, but never actually designed a filter in real life (just solved equations.) Now, in my human job, I have been tasked with designing a filter that has an input load (R4) in an already existing filter chain (see the picture of the SPICE model ... |
H: Is there a free circuit simulator program that is able to make a SPICE (.cir extension) file?
I don't have a lot of money and I need some program that can simulate circuits and output a .cir file.
AI: Micro-cap is free and can accept and output .cir files.
More here: http://www.spectrum-soft.com/index.shtm |
H: Where did I go wrong with picking my baud rates?
So I have an xbee (API mode, series 2) communicating with either a naked 328p on a breadboad (8 MHz external oscilator) or an adafruit pro trinket (328p based, 12 MHz external oscilator). Though never both at the same time.
Note the xbee has a 16 MHz internal oscilat... |
H: DDS output power
I am designing a circuit that uses a DDS (AD5932) and am having trouble finding its output power. I need to know the power because the output will be fed into a mixer with characteristics that depend on input power.
I have found that it is most likely determined by the resistance on the DAC's outpu... |
H: What is gpio bank?
embedded and BSP newbie here. Recently I found a term named "gpio bank", but I cannot find good resources from google.
What's it?
difference of gpio bank and gpio controller?
difference of gpio bank and pin
linux kernel code sample:
soc->bank_num = of_irq_count(child);
if (soc->bank_num... |
H: Which voltage to use for my motor controller if I connect two motors to it?
I am embarking on a robotics project. As a part of that I will be connecting two motors to a motor controller designed for two (+1) motors. Each motor has voltage 6-12 V and the motor controller has 5-24 V.
My question is how does the motor... |
H: Using a USB adapter inside an enclosure?
I want to make a device that uses AC 220-250V power (to control relays to switch devices on/off) and prefer a single wire (+/-/gnd) to a wall socket box (thus not a separate 5V adapter).
Would it be a strange to use a 5V USB adapter inside an enclosure like below?
I hid the ... |
H: Do circuit reclosers of substations respond to any fault on the low voltage side of distribution transformer?
As I don't have any practical experience in power distribution networks, I'm pretty confused about a few things.
Typically a lot of transformers are connected to an 11KV distribution line ( 11KV feeder.)
Fo... |
H: Data frame ACK bit is always high from I2C target device read
I am using a Raspberry Pi Zero board as an I2C controller and a Raspberry Pi Pico as an I2C target and passing data between them using I2C.
I use something like this:
unsigned char buf[256];
write(fd, buf, 1)
to write 1 byte data from controller to ta... |
H: In FPGAs, is it safe to execute non-blocking assignments like `b <= a; a <= 0;` in the same clock cycle?
I have a piece of code in Verilog which needs to assign the value of shift register to an output register when the shifting has finished, and I want to reset the value of the shift register in the same clock cyc... |
H: Sticky/Intermittent Relay Driven by MCU and NPN Transistor
I have an MCU (1.8 V logic levels) driving an NPN transistor to turn an relay on/off. The relay has a 12 V DC coil with resistance of 1028R per datasheet. This would require a current of 12/1028 = 11.6mA to drive.
The transistor has a min gain of 100 per da... |
H: How to calculate power requirement of Zener diode for specific frequency of operation?
I'm planing to control injector from MCU and this is schematics I came up with.
Power supply voltage is 14V, inductance of L1 is 0.0014H, resistance of injector 16.6Ohm, and switching frequency is 166Hz and lower.
If I'm not mis... |
H: Open loop system instability
I'm studying system stability, and I know a closed loop system can be unstable due to the feedback. I also know that an open system can be BIBO unstable (e.g., a capacitor with a direct current input). What I'm not sure about is, can an open loop system be Lyapunov unstable?
Both Bode a... |
H: STM32 ADC Input Voltage Range
I'm using the ADC on pin 14, PA2, on the LQFP64 STM32G474CB (datasheet). What is the ADC input range for this pin? Here is my assessment let me know if my understanding is incorrect:
Table 12. Pin Definitions shows this pin's I/O structure as FT_a as shown below:
The FT_a type is 5V t... |
H: Does DC become AC through alternating permanent magnets?
As the title suggests.
Does direct current running through a circuit become alternating current if it goes through a linear line of alternating magnetic fields of permanent magnets, such as that of a Halbach array?
AI: Faraday's laws of electro-magnetic induc... |
H: How to increase the fan speed connected to a usb port
I have 6 PC fans 12V 0.12A connected in parallel. They are connected with a usb cable to a mobile charger. When I was connecting them to the motherboard they were much faster than now though the mobile charger could go up to 9V. As a possible solution for increa... |
H: How does a unity gain buffer work?
Say we slow down time to a crawl, and turn on a power source connected to a unity gain buffer. Initially, the non-inverting input receives the signal and the inverting input receives nothing, so the output is indeed the signal. Right after, the signal is fed back to the inverting ... |
H: Why won't "copy room format" in Altium Designer copy component placement?
I have a multi-channel design in Altium Designer which was done specifically to speed up component placement within each generated room on the PCB.
After adding some components to the schematic, updating the PCB, and arranging new components ... |
H: Why does 10BASE-T require hubs?
As I understand it, some of the physical layer options for Ethernet include:\
10BASE5 (now considered obsolete): a single length of thick coaxial cable.
10BASE2: thin coaxial cable, of which multiple lengths can be connected by T connectors.
10BASE-T: twisted pair, of which multiple ... |
H: MOS capacitor - why is the total capacitance just the oxide capacitance C_ox?
All of the textbook that I have read mention that the total capacitance is just the oxide capacitance (Cox) for a MOS capacitor in an inversion and accumulation mode. It makes sense that is true for the accumulation case, since there is... |
H: precise 50 Hz oscillator
I need an astable multi-vibrator at exactly 50 or 100 Hz with exactly 50% duty cycle.
using circuits like 555 can't give me that with the common well-known values of components R and C , let alone the tolerance of components .
so , any suggestions ??
thanks
AI: Exact is not possible. How pr... |
H: Level shifting I2C with VREF1 = 2.8V and VREF2 = 3.3V
I'm trying to connect a few devices on an I2C bus - primarily a GNSS module and a microcontroller. The microcontroller is the bus controller and must run on 3.3V, while the GNSS module internally uses 2.8V logic. How can I shift this 0.5V differential between 2.... |
H: Aluminium foil as a ground plane for 900 MHz antenna
I have designed and manufactured an antenna that works around 900 MHz. The design includes a ground plane and metallic enclosure that are not strictly necessary, but do affect the performance of the antenna. At the moment I don’t have the ground plane ready, but ... |
H: Unexpected behavior when using 5V from one power supply and Ground from another one
I am trying to use an old phone charger with 5V DC output. I measured the output to be 6.4V.
It works for powering an ESP8266 through VIN but does not work to power an IR receiver I want to use.
The receiver works when I power it t... |
H: Oscilloscope or bench multi-meter for ultra high sensor sample rate measurement
I need a device to measure the output of a load cell at very high sample rates. I am aiming for a sample rate of at least 100 kHz. For this goal, I wanted to ask if it would be better to use a bench multi-meter measuring resistance, or ... |
H: truth table from logic circuit
How should a truth table look for the logic circuit below if there is one output that is determined by just one of the inputs?
AI: Your truth table is correct.
Your update with labelling also makes everything unambiguous and clear which is a major help in validating and troubleshootin... |
H: LTspice simulation: unexpected behaviour of circuit
I am trying to build a JFET driven current source in a more complex circuit topology than shown here.
Unfortunately, the simulation is not giving me the results I would expect.
I could trace the "misbehaviour" of my circuit down to this simplified version of it.
I... |
H: Transformer Inductance Ratio (datasheet)
I am looking at a current sense transformer, PE-51687NL (Digikey). I must be missing something in understanding the datasheet.
Digikey says the inductance is 20mH. I assume that this is the "single-turn" primary inductance of the magnetic core.
The datasheet says the seconda... |
H: High-power positive/negative to positive/negative boost converter design
I'm looking for an efficient and fairly cost-effective way to boost the voltage of a center-tapped battery pack (+/-180V to +/-250V) to +/-350V. The output load is quite variable anywhere from 0.5A to 15A What's a good topology for this applic... |
H: Time relay and solenoid valve
For a project, I need to control a normally closed solenoid valve and be able to apply a current on the valve only for a set amount of time before closing it again, and only once (so no cycle).
I think I could use a time relay to do so, but it seems there are many different functions a... |
H: Snapdragon SoC includes cellular modem RF. Does it still need a baseband CPU?
As per https://www.qualcomm.com/products/snapdragon-425-mobile-platform
, the Snapdragon 425 includes cellular modem RF, WiFi, Bluetooth and GPS.
Does that mean that it does not need a baseband CPU, or dedicated IC for WiFi/Bluetooth and... |
H: The circuit modeling a surge test
In the surge test as far as I know, a capacitor is charged to a high voltage and is discharged via an RL load. The voltage is a decaying sinusoidal across the capacitor. This is the general picture I have about this test. Does anyone know about the equivalent circuit of the surge t... |
H: FPGA over-voltage protection for input trigger signal
I don't have much experience with PCB design, but I am currently designing one to connect together several components for a work project. One of these components is connecting an external trigger signal to an input pin on a Neso Artix 7 FPGA board. The device th... |
H: Can I do math on LTspice parameters?
I would expect the voltage source to output 20V but the simulation throws an error instead.
AI: You need to write {2*V} instead of {V}*2. |
H: Understanding questions about MOSFET’s drain and gate series resistor
I build a temperature circuit in PSpice with a TLV3701, a MOSFET and 3 light bulbs (\$R_6\$, \$R_7\$, \$R_8\$).
The \$R_9\$ resistor is 108.18 Ω (can be bought, I checked). As soon as the room temperature falls below 21 ℃, the comparator switches... |
H: Fully identifying the system behavior
"Any arbitrary nonzero input signal x(t) would be suitable for fully identifying the system behavior, by observing the corresponding output y(t)." Is this statement true? I could not prove it.
AI: "Any arbitrary nonzero input signal x(t) would be suitable for fully identifying ... |
H: Purpose of reverse biased diode in pulse generation circuit
(Caveat: "young player" at large here.)
The circuit below (not my creation) debounces a push button and generates a 1us negative pulse when it's pressed. I breadboarded it and it works as expected, but I am trying to understand the purpose of the reverse b... |
H: How does a driven right leg work?
A driven right leg (DRL) circuit is often added to a biopotential amplifier to reduce the common mode voltage (i.e. to increase the common mode rejection ratio, CMRR).
A basic form of biopotential amplifier is just an instrumentation amplifier which has two stages: a buffer stage a... |
H: Phone's touchscreen becomes unresponsive when charging
I have a Samsung A12. When using a charger for the phone other than the manufacturer intended, it seems that the phone's screen just becomes unresponsive whenever it is charging. What could be the reason for this phenomenon?
AI: The other chargers emit too much... |
H: In LTspice XVII, 74HC107 has an error, but I can't figure out what the problem is
I made a circuit like this picture above with LTspice XVII.
Q(0), Q(1), Q(2) are output, and CL is CLK (clock pulse).
JKFFs are negative-edge-triggered JK flip-flop (ie. 74HC107).
And, the graph of this circuit should look like this... |
H: Two LEDs connected in series don't work
I'm very new to electrical engineering and I ran into a strange issue while trying to connect two LEDs in series today. Both my blue and white LEDs work separately, but when I try to connect them together, they do not work (see pictures).
Is there something I'm doing wrong?
(... |
H: KiCad: ratsnet not connecting pads
In my schematic I have a relay connected to a pin header (the two are in different .sch files), the connection is called RELAY_COM, this connection is not shown in the ratsnets in pcbnew, which prevents me from routing the two together.
I did the footprints and symbols myself for ... |
H: What exactly is meant by a "ground sense operational amplifier"?
I have found this specification in many datasheets, but I have failed to find a good explanation about what exactly is the issue that a ground sense op amp is meant to deal with.
AI: Appears to be similar meaning to "single-supply" op-amp (eg. LM358) ... |
H: FPGA pin numbers
I'm having trouble understanding the structure of FPGA datasheets.
From what I can tell, there is usually a table of "Signals Descriptions" with the pin names and their function, but I don't see any indication of the pin number.
See example below, from Lattice "iCE40" datasheet.
How are the actual ... |
H: Is the BSS138 capable of level shifting this voltage difference?
The goal is to control the IRF4905 with the ESP32. From my understanding (which is limited) the IRF4905 will have the lowest RDS(on) with a -15 V VGS. To achieve this voltage difference I have a linear voltage regulator dropping my ~33 V (the power so... |
H: Calculation for energy consumed over a period of 24 hours
I'm currently studying the textbook Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, 7th edition, by Charles Alexander and Matthew Sadiku. Chapter 1.5 Power and Energy gives the following practice problem:
Practice Problem 1.6
A home electric heater draws 12 A when conne... |
H: Resistor in my AC LED circuit gets fried
I have designed a dead simple LED circuit I calculated the required resistance to be (220-2)/0.02 = ~11k so I used 10k+1k resistors in series but for some reason, the 10K resistor started smoking in like 10 seconds although I estimated the power usage to be 2 V*0.02 A = 0.04... |
H: LTspice is rounding / misinterpreting PWL file values
When I'm loading PWL files into a voltage source or a current source, I'm not getting what is provided in PWL file content. I'm attaching three pictures to show file content, schematic and plot.
In a PWL file I've tried to change a format and values of a few ent... |
H: What kind of component is this, and is it damaged?
My central heating controller stopped working. It's essentially an AA battery powered device with a thermistor, some buttons, and an LCD screen, which lets me program desired temperatures for various day/time periods. When the controller decides heat is required, i... |
H: Nested Loops on verilog not behaving as expected
I have a problem with verilog.
So the structure for my code is I have top module,
then have another 2 sub-module that I called on the top module
Here's some of my code
genvar i;
genvar j;
wire[2:0] encoder[7:0]; //4bit reg array of 8 element
wire[8:0] save_tmp[7:0];
... |
H: Is there a way to convert a time delay into a sample delay?
I have been given a time delay of a signal and the sampling frequency, however, I am trying to calculate the delay in samples. My logic is: delay frequency divided by sampling frequency, however, this doesn't give integer answers, which is what I expected ... |
H: How can this 74 series Inverter circuit be analyzed?
I'm trying to analyze the keymech scanning / sampling circuit in the WASP synthesizer
So far I understand that the keymech is sampled one key at a time by the 74 series logic driven by the dual inverter clock and I understand how the muxing works.
However in the ... |
H: How is clock gating physically achieved inside an FPGA or ASIC?
It is bad idea to add logic gates in clock signal path. How is clock gating achieve in FPGA and ASIC designs and how does it prevent glitch in the output signal i.e the gated clock as it is enabled or disabled?
AI: Is it a bad idea to gate clocks? It d... |
H: What does charge on an electron mean?
As I have read , charge is electrons , protons or neutrons.
Now , according to definition of current , current is the rate of flow of charge I.e flow of electrons. Then , I=Q/t . Unit of Q is coulomb & Q is charge. Right , so Coulomb is actually like the No of electrons flowing... |
H: I'm looking for a component / circuit that distinguishes between eight states
I use PSpice For TI2020, so I don't have a pre-assembled ring counter in the library. I'm looking for a way of setting a specific output to High from eight states that come from 3 flip-flops (up counter). I made a few pictures for illustr... |
H: Using USB-C charger D+ and D- pins for comms with an STM32 chip
I'm looking at the MAX77751 single cell Li-Ion and LiPo charger chip that features both USB-C and USB 2.1 detection. The battery would power a design that uses an STM32L433CCUx chip which has another USB 2.1 connector for comms. Can I use the D+ and D-... |
H: Will ferrite cores reduce the surge on the 5V line?
I think my ATMEGA AVR MCU is malfunctioning due to 5 VDC line surge.
The MCU is installed in a factory and the power line is very noisy.
I captured the 5VDC line. There were high frequency (10 MHz) 13 V peak ringing waves.
If I install ferrite core for each line a... |
H: How to choose a common mode choke for ethernet?
I'm currently working on a design which contains gigabit ethernet. Due to some weird size constraints, I can't use a magjack or one of those transformer ICs, so I'm using discrete magnetics. I've managed to pick a transformer (actually three... would be nice if they s... |
H: Can I control a solenoid valve below its nominal voltage?
I need to control the following 2 ways direct solenoid valve ("Series 252 D01") :
https://www.emerson.com/documents/automation/catalog-series-252-dental-manifolds-asco-en-6779448.pdf
It is rated at 24 VDC. If I apply this voltage, the valves opens (it is nor... |
H: How to design an amplitude modulator with common-emitter amplifier circuit?
I am facing a problem on how to design an amplitude modulator using a common-emitter amplifier circuit.
I am asked to use a carrier frequency of 50MHz and an input signal of 1kHz to 14kHz. In order to solve this problem, I designed a common... |
H: Do you need a current limiting resistor on an enable pin?
I am using MCP16312-E/MS buck regulator and need the component to always be on. I am therefore connecting the enable pin to the Vin supply. Do you need a current limiting resistor? Whilst the resistor I have in series with the enable pin will limit the curre... |
H: Why will clock signals have different phases after a frequency divider?
I have a question about data transport between two chips with series format.
I have two chips. Chip 1 will sent 8-bits data to chip 2. The picture shows a solution. I will provide a 100MHz clock from a frequency divider for the digital componen... |
H: Which terminals are collector, emitter, and gate on this IGBT?
I am new to IGBTs. I want to experiment with them. I got this older IGBT but unfortunately have no data on it (and all the data I find on the web is fake by resellers.)
How do I know which is gate, collector, and emitter?
AI: Going by the schematic on t... |
H: Verilog negation operator on inout-type signals
inout b,c;
assign c = ~b;
In the code above, doing such assign will result in XXX unknown situation which I presume is due to conflicting drivers?
However, assign c = b; does not result in XXX unknown situation though. Why?
I tried to use not a1(c, b); , but I think ... |
H: What happens if you connect a galvanometer to an AC source?
What happens if you connect a galvanometer to an AC source?
I have seen many answers online along the lines of there not being any deflections as the net average current/net average magnetic field is zero (depends on the site but I won't cite them as I don... |
H: How I can desolder this WSON8 chip?
I have the following chip that I want to desolder:
I tried with my 60W soldering iron and a pair of tweezers and desoldering braid, but it won't budge; also, my soldering iron won't heat to more than 400°C.
Do I need more heat or a different technique?
AI: You need a board heate... |
H: Damping Ratio Implications for an Increasing Resistance In an RLC Circuit
I have managed to derive the 2nd order ODE for a simple RLC circuit (this circuit is part of a booster dc-dc converter). I derived an expression for the damping ratio of the circuit and fact checked this with derivations in literature. This i... |
H: How to calculate auxilary capacitor for flyback
here is my circuit,
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
The components try to restart but no results.
Vcc output in yellow.
I don't find in internet how to calculate Caux and Raux for starting correctly, event when I draw more current from th... |
H: Can a synchronous buck converter be operated in reverse?
Consider the following buck converter circuit:
When Q1 is on and Q2 is off, current flows through the inductor and into the capacitor and the load, and the energy stored in the inductor increases. When the switches change states, the inductor and the capaci... |
H: Electronics and electrical projects certification
What certification is required to sell my engineering projects online in India? if I build my project as product to sell online what certification is required for this as well?
AI: If you're selling a project you're fine. Unless maybe people lives are involved there... |
H: relays 5V 10A and 12V 30V stop working after a few days of use
We built a system for heating 3 bioelectrochemical reactors, but after a certain time of operation the system starts to heat up. We identified that when this occurs, the relay works despite the light being on (indicating that it is activated) while the... |
H: Current source not working in LTspice XVII
I am trying to implement a circuit (CMOS implementation of DVTC) with the help of LTspice (I'm very new to this software.)
The built in current source component is not working in LTspice. Following is the circuit diagram and the error that I get while running the applicati... |
H: Voltage divider plus Zener protection on op-amp input
I am designing a circuit to scale an input voltage to the range of an analog to digital converter pin on a microcontroller, and also provide electrical protection for the pin.
I put together the following circuit which consists of a resistor voltage divider, a Z... |
H: Supply voltage range for the OP07 op-amp
OP07 op-amp datasheet
When it says "Supply Voltage Range +-18V," can I supply it 0 to 36V if I want only single ended operation, or am I limited to 0 to 18V only?
Whatever is your answer, is it applicable to all op-amps?
AI: I have two circuits here:
simulate this circuit –... |
H: Is ping pong buffer the same thing as a double buffering?
In ping pong buffer we have two buffers, when one is being written by upstream component, the other is being read by the downstream component. When writing into one buffer is completed, the downstream component will switch to reading that as the other buffer... |
H: Can a screw hole in between PCB antenna reduce efficiency significantly?
I am attaching a photo of what I have done.
This hole is not suited there, but how much it is going to affect the performance of the antenna?
AI: If the hole is empty and is not metalized, then it won't affect the performance of your antenna.
... |
H: Having battery cells in parallel does increase autonomy ? (My load is a constant power load. DC/DC)
I have 4 AA alkaline cells and I'm trying to figure out which is the best cell configuration to achieve maximum autonomy with constant power load.
I understand that if your load is a constant current device the best ... |
H: fitting using unstable poles
I am trying to take into account the frequency dependent behavior of R and L in an LTspice simulation. So I fit their frequency behavior using Vector fitting technique and deduce the equivalent electrical circuit that reproduces the same behavior. Then, I run my transient simulation. My... |
H: IMD measurements and power levels of inputs
If I do a two tone test and increase the power of only one tone by 1db, will the 3rd order harmonic be up by 3db only for the one I increased or for both or something else?
AI: If your distortion is cubic (which is the usual but not always correct assumption made about sy... |
H: Can I control IRFZ44N Mosfet directly from 5V microcontroller?
I know that IRFZ44N is not a logic level Mosfet, but I need it to control only 12v 1.2A (14.4W). Can I control it by applying only 5V on gate from an atmega microcontroller?
I checked the datasheet and I also tested on breadboard by simply appling 5V fr... |
H: 6 pin B50K potentiometer: DIY alternative?
I have a 6-pin B50K potentiometer used for the Bass/Treble control of a desktop speakers set.
This pot is broken and getting this piece is costly to get (price, time - mainly from China).
I don't need to tweak the Bass/Treble at the hardware level ( never had to ), is ther... |
H: Streams supported or not?
I'm reading documentation about this component: https://www.microchip.com/en-us/product/LAN7800 .
It is a Ethernet to USB 3.0 Bridge. In a documentation point appears this:
The USB functionality consists of five major parts. The USB PHY, UDC
(USB Device Controller), URX (USB Bulk Out Rece... |
H: Instrumentation amplifiers in DIY EMG sensors for myography
I've read a couple of articles about EMG sensors. I have seen two DIY projects so far:
Super simple muscle (EMG) sensor
An IR muscle contraction sensor
Why are instrumentation amplifiers used in these EMG sensors?
They used INA12x - quite a good one. I tho... |
H: Relation between charger output voltage and battery output voltage
I'm searching into making a simple solar battery charger.
Right now I am kind of a newbie in this field so I am wondering what kind of voltage does the charger need to output in order to charge a 48 V battery or a 60 V one.
AI: A charger will always... |
H: RP2040 Custom PCB BOOTSEL not working
I designed a PCB that uses the RP2040 microcontroller. I just received it and wanted to power it up and put my code onto it, but it doesn't seem to work fine. I am struggling to find out what could be the reason, since there are so many possibilities. Here's the schematic and a... |
H: What does "1/99 tap" mean in a block diagram?
I am still trying to understand the modulator in an optical free space transmitter.
I have found the following block scheme:
It is from "Direct-detection free-space laser transceiver test-bed". I am trying to make clear for me each part of this scheme.
What does 1/99 t... |
H: NPN Transistor Switching - Negative Gain Calculated and Not Switching off Fully = Blown Transistor?
I have the attached NPN transistor being switched by an MCU. I've made some measurements and done my calculations as a result of observing that the NPN is not fully switching off (the relay stays on).
Calculations sh... |
H: Is more clock speed means higher risk to circuit can have race condition
It is a very simple question but it made me think. I have been working on finite state machines. I came to topic of finite state machines from combination circuits. In the book it says that sequential circuits which uses register with same clo... |
H: Ethernet RJ45 M-F cable (socket <-> plug)
During renovation I've asked the electrician to use two long patch cables originally running from my router to create RJ45 sockets with the intent to later connect the router to the socket using a standard patch cable. So there is a patch cable with one plug cut of and repl... |
H: Can someone explain why this diode is reverse biased?
In this question, we are asked to draw a picture of this circuit with the switch closed and opened.
When the switch is closed, the diode is replaced by an open circuit. I understand that this would only happen if the output voltage is greater than the input vol... |
H: Wheatstone Bridge strain gauge thermal compensation design
I'm designing a full Wheatstone bridge for measuring the bending strain in a steel bar.
I have a circuit available to me that uses an ADS1232 to measure the output of the wheatstone bridge.
When looking at loadcells online I see that they have 6 cables (sen... |
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