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| <title>Chemistry Batch 12: Spectroscopy & Analysis - Programming Framework</title> | |
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| <h1>Chemistry Batch 12: Spectroscopy & Analysis</h1> | |
| <div class="navigation"> | |
| <a href="index.html">← Back to Programming Framework</a> | |
| <a href="chemistry_index.html">← Back to Chemistry Index</a> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="process-title">Process 1: UV-Vis Spectroscopy</div> | |
| <div class="figure"> | |
| <div class="mermaid"> | |
| graph TD | |
| A1[Light Source] --> B1[UV-Vis Spectroscopy Method] | |
| C1[Sample Solution] --> D1[Wavelength Control] | |
| E1[Detector System] --> F1[Data Collection] | |
| B1 --> G1[Monochromator Setup] | |
| D1 --> H1[Wavelength Selection] | |
| F1 --> I1[Signal Processing] | |
| G1 --> J1[Light Dispersion] | |
| H1 --> K1[Wavelength Range] | |
| I1 --> L1[Absorbance Measurement] | |
| J1 --> M1[Light Transmission] | |
| K1 --> L1 | |
| L1 --> N1[Electronic Transitions] | |
| M1 --> O1[Sample Irradiation] | |
| N1 --> P1[Absorption Process] | |
| O1 --> Q1[Spectroscopic Analysis] | |
| P1 --> R1[Absorbance Spectrum] | |
| Q1 --> S1[Peak Analysis] | |
| R1 --> T1[Concentration Determination] | |
| S1 --> U1[Beer's Law Analysis] | |
| T1 --> V1[Concentration Calculation] | |
| U1 --> W1[Spectroscopic Efficiency] | |
| V1 --> X1[Sample Characterization] | |
| W1 --> Y1[Process Optimization] | |
| X1 --> Z1[Final Absorption Spectrum] | |
| Y1 --> Z1 | |
| style A1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style C1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style E1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style B1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style D1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style F1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style G1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style H1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style I1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style J1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style K1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style L1 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style M1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style N1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style O1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style P1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Q1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style R1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style S1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style T1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style U1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style V1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style W1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style X1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Y1 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Z1 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="figure-caption"> | |
| <strong>Figure 1.</strong> UV-Vis spectroscopy process showing electronic transitions, absorbance measurement, and concentration determination. | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="process-title">Process 2: IR Spectroscopy</div> | |
| <div class="figure"> | |
| <div class="mermaid"> | |
| graph TD | |
| A2[IR Radiation] --> B2[IR Spectroscopy Method] | |
| C2[Molecular Sample] --> D2[Wavelength Control] | |
| E2[Detector System] --> F2[Data Collection] | |
| B2 --> G2[IR Source Setup] | |
| D2 --> H2[Wavelength Selection] | |
| F2 --> I2[Signal Processing] | |
| G2 --> J2[Radiation Generation] | |
| H2 --> K2[Frequency Range] | |
| I2 --> L2[Transmittance Measurement] | |
| J2 --> M2[Radiation Transmission] | |
| K2 --> L2 | |
| L2 --> N2[Molecular Vibrations] | |
| M2 --> O2[Sample Irradiation] | |
| N2 --> P2[Vibrational Absorption] | |
| O2 --> Q2[Spectroscopic Analysis] | |
| P2 --> R2[IR Spectrum] | |
| Q2 --> S2[Peak Assignment] | |
| R2 --> T2[Functional Group Analysis] | |
| S2 --> U2[Vibrational Analysis] | |
| T2 --> V2[Group Identification] | |
| U2 --> W2[Spectroscopic Efficiency] | |
| V2 --> X2[Molecular Characterization] | |
| W2 --> Y2[Process Optimization] | |
| X2 --> Z2[Final IR Spectrum] | |
| Y2 --> Z2 | |
| style A2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style C2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style E2 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style B2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style D2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style F2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style G2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style H2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style I2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style J2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style K2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style L2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style M2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style N2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style O2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style P2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Q2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style R2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style S2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style T2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style U2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style V2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style W2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style X2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Y2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Z2 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="figure-caption"> | |
| <strong>Figure 2.</strong> IR spectroscopy process illustrating molecular vibrations, functional group analysis, and molecular characterization. | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="process-title">Process 3: NMR Spectroscopy</div> | |
| <div class="figure"> | |
| <div class="mermaid"> | |
| graph TD | |
| A3[Magnetic Field] --> B3[NMR Spectroscopy Method] | |
| C3[Nuclear Sample] --> D3[Radiofrequency Control] | |
| E3[Detector System] --> F3[Data Collection] | |
| B3 --> G3[Magnet Setup] | |
| D3 --> H3[RF Pulse Control] | |
| F3 --> I3[Signal Processing] | |
| G3 --> J3[Field Alignment] | |
| H3 --> K3[Pulse Sequence] | |
| I3 --> L3[Free Induction Decay] | |
| J3 --> M3[Nuclear Alignment] | |
| K3 --> L3 | |
| L3 --> N3[Nuclear Spin Transitions] | |
| M3 --> O3[Sample Irradiation] | |
| N3 --> P3[Spin Relaxation] | |
| O3 --> Q3[Spectroscopic Analysis] | |
| P3 --> R3[NMR Spectrum] | |
| Q3 --> S3[Chemical Shift Analysis] | |
| R3 --> T3[Molecular Structure] | |
| S3 --> U3[Spin Analysis] | |
| T3 --> V3[Structure Determination] | |
| U3 --> W3[Spectroscopic Efficiency] | |
| V3 --> X3[Molecular Characterization] | |
| W3 --> Y3[Process Optimization] | |
| X3 --> Z3[Final NMR Spectrum] | |
| Y3 --> Z3 | |
| style A3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style C3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style E3 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style B3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style D3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style F3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style G3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style H3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style I3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style J3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style K3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style L3 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style M3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style N3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style O3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style P3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Q3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style R3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style S3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style T3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style U3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style V3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style W3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style X3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Y3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Z3 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="figure-caption"> | |
| <strong>Figure 3.</strong> NMR spectroscopy process showing nuclear spin transitions, chemical shift analysis, and molecular structure determination. | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="process-title">Process 4: Mass Spectrometry</div> | |
| <div class="figure"> | |
| <div class="mermaid"> | |
| graph TD | |
| A4[Sample Molecules] --> B4[Mass Spectrometry Method] | |
| C4[Ionization Source] --> D4[Mass Analyzer] | |
| E4[Detector System] --> F4[Data Collection] | |
| B4 --> G4[Sample Introduction] | |
| D4 --> H4[Mass Separation] | |
| F4 --> I4[Signal Processing] | |
| G4 --> J4[Sample Vaporization] | |
| H4 --> K4[Mass-to-Charge Ratio] | |
| I4 --> L4[Ion Detection] | |
| J4 --> M4[Molecular Ionization] | |
| K4 --> L4 | |
| L4 --> N4[Ion Separation] | |
| M4 --> O4[Ion Formation] | |
| N4 --> P4[Mass Analysis] | |
| O4 --> Q4[Spectroscopic Analysis] | |
| P4 --> R4[Mass Spectrum] | |
| Q4 --> S4[Fragmentation Analysis] | |
| R4 --> T4[Molecular Weight] | |
| S4 --> U4[Fragmentation Pattern] | |
| T4 --> V4[Molecular Identification] | |
| U4 --> W4[Spectroscopic Efficiency] | |
| V4 --> X4[Molecular Characterization] | |
| W4 --> Y4[Process Optimization] | |
| X4 --> Z4[Final Mass Spectrum] | |
| Y4 --> Z4 | |
| style A4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style C4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style E4 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style B4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style D4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style F4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style G4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style H4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style I4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style J4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style K4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style L4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style M4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style N4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style O4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style P4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Q4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style R4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style S4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style T4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style U4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style V4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style W4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style X4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Y4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Z4 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="figure-caption"> | |
| <strong>Figure 4.</strong> Mass spectrometry process showing ionization, fragmentation, and molecular weight determination. | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="process-title">Process 5: Chromatography</div> | |
| <div class="figure"> | |
| <div class="mermaid"> | |
| graph TD | |
| A5[Sample Mixture] --> B5[Chromatography Method] | |
| C5[Stationary Phase] --> D5[Mobile Phase] | |
| E5[Detector System] --> F5[Data Collection] | |
| B5 --> G5[Column Preparation] | |
| D5 --> H5[Flow Control] | |
| F5 --> I5[Signal Processing] | |
| G5 --> J5[Column Packing] | |
| H5 --> K5[Flow Rate] | |
| I5 --> L5[Retention Time] | |
| J5 --> M5[Sample Injection] | |
| K5 --> L5 | |
| L5 --> N5[Separation Process] | |
| M5 --> O5[Sample Loading] | |
| N5 --> P5[Chromatographic Separation] | |
| O5 --> Q5[Analytical Process] | |
| P5 --> R5[Chromatogram] | |
| Q5 --> S5[Peak Analysis] | |
| R5 --> T5[Component Separation] | |
| S5 --> U5[Retention Analysis] | |
| T5 --> V5[Component Identification] | |
| U5 --> W5[Chromatographic Efficiency] | |
| V5 --> X5[Sample Characterization] | |
| W5 --> Y5[Process Optimization] | |
| X5 --> Z5[Final Chromatogram] | |
| Y5 --> Z5 | |
| style A5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style C5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style E5 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff | |
| style B5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style D5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style F5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style G5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style H5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style I5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style J5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style K5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style L5 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000 | |
| style M5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style N5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style O5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style P5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Q5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style R5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style S5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style T5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style U5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style V5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style W5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style X5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Y5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff | |
| style Z5 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="figure-caption"> | |
| <strong>Figure 5.</strong> Chromatography process showing separation, retention analysis, and component identification. | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="navigation"> | |
| <a href="index.html">← Back to Programming Framework</a> | |
| <a href="chemistry_index.html">← Back to Chemistry Index</a> | |
| </div> | |
| <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;"><strong>Gary Welz</strong></p> | |
| <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Retired Faculty Member</p> | |
| <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">John Jay College, CUNY (Department of Mathematics and Computer Science)</p> | |
| <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Borough of Manhattan Community College, CUNY</p> | |
| <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">CUNY Graduate Center (New Media Lab)</p> | |
| <p style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">Email: gwelz@jjay.cuny.edu</p> | |
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