id int64 5 34 | title stringclasses 1
value | context stringclasses 20
values | question stringlengths 18 61 | answers stringlengths 40 129 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
16 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | How was the event first detected? | {'answer_start': [25356], 'text': ['large numbers of sick people']} |
32 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | How many people were ill? | {'answer_start': [705], 'text': ['18500 individuals']} |
34 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What are the pathogens? | {'answer_start': [888], 'text': ['Cryptosporidium hominis']} |
21 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What is the concentration of the contaminant after analysis? | {'answer_start': [20456], 'text': ['150000 oocysts/L']} |
18 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What are the symptoms? | {'answer_start': [23325], 'text': ['fatigue, abdominal pain, upset stomach, and watery diarrhoea ']} |
28 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What is the concentration of the pathogen? | {'answer_start': [20682], 'text': ['12000 oocysts/L']} |
16 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What is the event? | {'answer_start': [40], 'text': [' outbreak of cryptosporidiosis']} |
17 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What are the initial steps of investigation? | {'answer_start': [495], 'text': ['a retrospective study']} |
6 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What is the duration of the event? | {'answer_start': [1132], 'text': ['several months']} |
24 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | From when until when the event happened | {'answer_start': [19603], 'text': ['Between 1 January and 1 July 2011']} |
31 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What are the first steps of mitigation? | {'answer_start': [4495], 'text': ['A boil water notice']} |
32 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What did they do to mitigate the event? | {'answer_start': [4569], 'text': ['questionnaire']} |
23 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What type of samples were examined? | {'answer_start': [953], 'text': ['patient and sewage samples']} |
7 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What steps were taken to restore the problem? | {'answer_start': [33852], 'text': ['water distribution system was flushed']} |
22 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What was the age of the affected people? | {'answer_start': [22721], 'text': ['children up to 5 years']} |
12 | Contamination Question Answering | In the winter and spring of 2011 a large outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in Skellefte municipality, Sweden. This study summarizes the outbreak investigation in terms of outbreak size, duration, clinical characteristics, possible source(s) and the potential for earlier detection using calls to a health advice lin... | What is the source of contamination? | {'answer_start': [4347], 'text': ['water treatment plant']} |
15 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What type of samples were analyzed?
| {'answer_start': [241], 'text': ['faecal specimens']} |
10 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What symptoms did people report? | {'answer_start': [3085], 'text': ['diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort']} |
19 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What is the date of the event?
| {'answer_start': [1172], 'text': ['2006']} |
15 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What is the location of the event?
| {'answer_start': [102], 'text': ['New Zealand']} |
21 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What pathogen was connected to the outbreak? | {'answer_start': [1281], 'text': ['C. parvum']} |
21 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What is the source that started the event?
| {'answer_start': [3502], 'text': ['contact with calves']} |
28 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | How many people were ill?
| {'answer_start': [2632], 'text': ['25/80 cases']} |
28 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What is the attack rate?
| {'answer_start': [2669], 'text': ['31%']} |
30 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What are the pathogens?
| {'answer_start': [174], 'text': ['Cryptosporidium parvum']} |
13 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What are the symptoms?
| {'answer_start': [769], 'text': ['abdominal discomfort, diarrhoea, vomiting']} |
19 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What is the event?
| {'answer_start': [1197], 'text': ['outbreak of gastrointestinal illness']} |
22 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What type of samples were examined?
| {'answer_start': [1371], 'text': ['water sample']} |
26 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What is the source of contamination? | {'answer_start': [451], 'text': ['contact with calves ']} |
13 | Contamination Question Answering | The occurrence of a gastrointestinal illness among a class of 96 undergraduate veterinary students in New Zealand prompted laboratory and questionnaire-based investigations. Cryptosporidium parvum was the only enteropathogen identied in 4/7 faecal specimens analysed. The C. parvum isolates carried a rare IIa GP60 allel... | What were the associated pathogens of concern? | {'answer_start': [2416], 'text': ['Cryptosporidium']} |
17 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What is the initial cause of the event? | {'answer_start': [359], 'text': ['bathing water']} |
23 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What is the date of the event? | {'answer_start': [165], 'text': ['July and August 2014']} |
16 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What is the location of the event? | {'answer_start': [7453], 'text': ['Finland']} |
27 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What pathogen was connected to the outbreak? | {'answer_start': [567], 'text': ['noroviruses']} |
24 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | How was the event first detected? | {'answer_start': [1513], 'text': ['via the media']} |
27 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | How many people were ill? | {'answer_start': [468], 'text': ['1453']} |
16 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What are the pathogens? | {'answer_start': [955], 'text': ['faecal indicator bacteria']} |
26 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What are the symptoms? | {'answer_start': [9786], 'text': ['vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach pain, and fever.']} |
5 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What is the event? | {'answer_start': [33], 'text': ['outbreaks of gastroenteritis']} |
29 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What are the first steps of mitigation? | {'answer_start': [7952], 'text': ['Restrictions against bathing ']} |
14 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What measures were taken to prevent the event? | {'answer_start': [1333], 'text': ['published guidelines for outbreak control']} |
14 | Contamination Question Answering | An increased number of suspected outbreaks of gastroenteritis linked to bathing water were reported to the Finnish food- and waterborne outbreak (FWO) registry in July and August 2014. The investigation reports were assessed by a national outbreak investigation panel. Eight confirmed outbreaks were identified among... | What is the source of contamination? | {'answer_start': [799], 'text': ['beach users']} |
18 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What is the initial cause of the event? | {'answer_start': [25017], 'text': ['contamination of surface water by human sewage']} |
22 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What is the date of the event? | {'answer_start': [3], 'text': ['November 2010']} |
18 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What is the location of the event? | {'answer_start': [57], 'text': ['Sweden']} |
13 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | How was the event first detected? | {'answer_start': [6229], 'text': ['reports from several employers']} |
22 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | How many people were ill? | {'answer_start': [18], 'text': ['27000']} |
30 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What is the attack rate? | {'answer_start': [8170], 'text': ['50%']} |
33 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What are the pathogens? | {'answer_start': [16630], 'text': ['Cryptosporidium oocysts']} |
12 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What are the symptoms? | {'answer_start': [507], 'text': ['diarrhea']} |
23 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What is the event? | {'answer_start': [95], 'text': ['outbreak of cryptosporidiosis']} |
28 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What are the initial steps of investigation? | {'answer_start': [7149], 'text': ['questionnaire']} |
7 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What are the first steps of mitigation? | {'answer_start': [6771], 'text': ['boil-water advisory']} |
20 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What measures were taken to prevent the event? | {'answer_start': [930], 'text': ['optimizing control of raw water quality']} |
5 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What was the age of the affected people? | {'answer_start': [12942], 'text': ['44 years ']} |
16 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What is the source of contamination? | {'answer_start': [24923], 'text': ['Water Supply']} |
30 | Contamination Question Answering | In November 2010, 27,000 (45%) inhabitants of stersund, Sweden, were affected by a waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis. The outbreak was characterized by a rapid onset and high attack rate, especially among young and middle-aged persons. Young age, number of infected family members, amount of water consumed dai... | What was the alert of the event? | {'answer_start': [6579], 'text': ['numerous calls']} |
22 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What type of samples were analyzed?
| {'answer_start': [1236], 'text': ['stool samples']} |
29 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What did the local authorities investigate? | {'answer_start': [1203], 'text': ['microbiological investigation of stool samples']} |
14 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What were the first steps of investigation? | {'answer_start': [519], 'text': ['case ascertainment and descriptive epidemiology']} |
12 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What is the date of the event?
| {'answer_start': [14], 'text': ['July 2006']} |
21 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What is the location of the event?
| {'answer_start': [142], 'text': ['Taranto, Apulia']} |
8 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | How was the event first detected?
| {'answer_start': [37], 'text': ['high number of patients']} |
30 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | How many people were ill?
| {'answer_start': [6325], 'text': ['166 cases']} |
11 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What are the pathogens?
| {'answer_start': [4700], 'text': ['norovirus and rotavirus']} |
26 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What are the symptoms?
| {'answer_start': [6268], 'text': ['fever, headache, vomit, abdominal pain, nausea']} |
8 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What is the duration of the event?
| {'answer_start': [422], 'text': ['between July and October 2006']} |
13 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What are the first steps of mitigation?
| {'answer_start': [7230], 'text': ['extra chlorination treatment']} |
5 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What type of samples were examined?
| {'answer_start': [1326], 'text': ['environmental samples']} |
31 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What was the age of the affected people?
| {'answer_start': [2425], 'text': ['mean age was 25']} |
26 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What is the source of contamination? | {'answer_start': [7168], 'text': ['water contaminated with (at least) rota- and noroviruses']} |
28 | Contamination Question Answering | At the end of July 2006, an unusually high number of patients with acute diarrhoea were reported by the accident and emergency departments in Taranto, Apulia. Subsequently, a field investigation was conducted jointly by the Apulia Regional Epidemiological Observatory and the Regional Reference Laboratory in Bari, and... | What were the associated pathogens of concern? | {'answer_start': [5479], 'text': ['rotavirus and norovirus ']} |
22 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What symptoms did the people had? | {'answer_start': [5856], 'text': ['chills, headaches, asthenia, and muscle ache']} |
19 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What type of samples were analyzed?
| {'answer_start': [838], 'text': ['stool samples']} |
6 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What were the first steps of investigation? | {'answer_start': [249], 'text': ['a message on a social media']} |
32 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What is the initial cause of the event?
| {'answer_start': [1083], 'text': ['human-to-human transmission of a norovirus']} |
34 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What is the date of the event?
| {'answer_start': [104], 'text': ['summer of 2015']} |
8 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What is the location of the event?
| {'answer_start': [89], 'text': ['France']} |
8 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What pathogen was connected to the outbreak? | {'answer_start': [6129], 'text': ['Shigella sonnei']} |
10 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | How was the event first detected?
| {'answer_start': [1372], 'text': ['hospital near Nice alerted the Regional Health Agency']} |
19 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | How many people were ill?
| {'answer_start': [597], 'text': ['1,264 adults ']} |
6 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What is the attack rate?
| {'answer_start': [4831], 'text': ['16%']} |
11 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What are the pathogens?
| {'answer_start': [889], 'text': ['norovirus']} |
14 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What is the concentration of the contaminant after analysis?
| {'answer_start': [6421], 'text': ['counts ranging from 86 to 3,200,000 UFC/100 mL']} |
30 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What are the symptoms?
| {'answer_start': [5450], 'text': ['vomiting and/or diarrhoea, abdominal cramps']} |
27 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What is the event?
| {'answer_start': [6889], 'text': ['A large AG outbreak']} |
29 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What are the initial steps of investigation?
| {'answer_start': [471], 'text': ['questionnaire']} |
27 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What are the first steps of mitigation?
| {'answer_start': [4467], 'text': ['measures to prevent secondary spread']} |
17 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What was the outbreak investigation? | {'answer_start': [167], 'text': ['identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak']} |
34 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What measures were taken to prevent the event?
| {'answer_start': [1286], 'text': ['raise awareness among health authorities and organisers']} |
27 | Contamination Question Answering | An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms... | What was the age of the affected people?
| {'answer_start': [5385], 'text': ['33 years']} |
8 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What type of samples were analyzed?
| {'answer_start': [706], 'text': ['water samples']} |
9 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What caused the event? | {'answer_start': [4886], 'text': ['combination of a technical and a human error']} |
6 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | With what symptoms they were presented? | {'answer_start': [2892], 'text': ['diarrhoea, vomiting and/or abdominal pain/cramps with fever.']} |
29 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What did the local authorities investigate? | {'answer_start': [6645], 'text': ['Geographical information systems were used']} |
24 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What is the date of the event?
| {'answer_start': [13], 'text': ['January 2007']} |
12 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What is the location of the event?
| {'answer_start': [45], 'text': ['Denmark']} |
27 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | How was the event first detected?
| {'answer_start': [82], 'text': ['complaints from citizens']} |
31 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | How many people were ill?
| {'answer_start': [3232], 'text': ['140 cases']} |
28 | Contamination Question Answering | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | How many people were hospitalized?
| {'answer_start': [4086], 'text': ['Four patients ']} |
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