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http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Retro
Retro
: addSubtract ( xy-nm ) 2over - [ + ] dip ;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_duplicate_elements
Remove duplicate elements
Sorting Algorithm This is a sorting algorithm.   It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.     For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.   For other sorting algorithms,   see sorting algorithms,   or: O(n logn) sorts Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort O(n log2n) sorts Shell Sort ...
#Frink
Frink
  b = [1, 5, 2, 6, 6, 2, 2, 1, 9, 8, 6, 5]   // One way, using OrderedList. An OrderedList is a type of array that keeps // its elements in order. The items must be comparable. a = new OrderedList println[a.insertAllUnique[b]]   // Another way, using the "set" datatype and back to an array. println[toArray[toSet[b]] ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Recaman%27s_sequence
Recaman's sequence
The Recamán's sequence generates Natural numbers. Starting from a(0)=0, the n'th term a(n), where n>0, is the previous term minus n i.e a(n) = a(n-1) - n but only if this is both positive and has not been previousely generated. If the conditions don't hold then a(n) = a(n-1) + n. Task Generate and show here the...
#REXX
REXX
if z<0 then z= _ + # else if !.z then z= _ + #
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Recaman%27s_sequence
Recaman's sequence
The Recamán's sequence generates Natural numbers. Starting from a(0)=0, the n'th term a(n), where n>0, is the previous term minus n i.e a(n) = a(n-1) - n but only if this is both positive and has not been previousely generated. If the conditions don't hold then a(n) = a(n-1) + n. Task Generate and show here the...
#Ring
Ring
  load "zerolib.ring"   recaman = Z(0:50) duplicate = 0 dup = [] recDuplicate = [] recnum = 0   see "working..." + nl see "the first 15 Recaman's numbers are:" + nl   for n = 1 to len(recaman) - 1 if n = 1 recaman[0] = 0 add(dup,0) see "" + recaman[0] + " " ok recaman[n] = recaman[n-1] ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reduced_row_echelon_form
Reduced row echelon form
Reduced row echelon form You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Show how to compute the reduced row echelon form (a.k.a. row canonical form) of a matrix. The matrix can be stored in any datatype that is convenient (for most languages, this wil...
#M2000_Interpreter
M2000 Interpreter
  Module Base1 { dim base 1, A(3, 4) A(1, 1)= 1, 2, -1, -4, 2 , 3, -1, -11, -2 , 0 , -3, 22 lead=1 rowcount=3 columncount=4 gosub disp() for r=1 to rowcount { if columncount<lead then exit i=r while A(i,lead)=0 { ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#HicEst
HicEst
e ! Not available. Can be calculated EXP(1) pi ! Not available. Can be calculated 4.0*ATAN(1.0) x^0.5 ! square root LOG(x) ! natural logarithm LOG(x, 10) ! logarithm to base 10 EXP(x) ! exponential ABS(x) ! absolute value FLOOR(x) ! floor CEILING(x) ! ceiling x**y ! x raised to...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Python
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python   import fileinput, sys   fname, start, count = sys.argv[1:4] start, count = int(start), int(count)   for line in fileinput.input(fname, inplace=1, backup='.orig'): if start <= fileinput.lineno() < start + count: pass else: print line.rstrip("\n") fileinput.close()
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#KAP
KAP
content ← io:readFile "file.txt"
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#Kotlin
Kotlin
import java.io.File   fun main(args: Array<String>) { println(File("unixdict.txt").readText(charset = Charsets.UTF_8)) }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#REXX
REXX
/* REXX *************************************************************** * 11.05.2013 Walter Pachl * 14.05.2013 Walter Pachl extend to show additional rep-strings **********************************************************************/ Call repstring '1001110011' Call repstring '1110111011' Call repstring '0010010010' Ca...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#Python
Python
import re   string = "This is a string"   if re.search('string$', string): print("Ends with string.")   string = re.sub(" a ", " another ", string) print(string)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_a_string
Reverse a string
Task Take a string and reverse it. For example, "asdf" becomes "fdsa". Extra credit Preserve Unicode combining characters. For example, "as⃝df̅" becomes "f̅ds⃝a", not "̅fd⃝sa". Other tasks related to string operations: Metrics Array length String length Copy a string Empty string  (assignment) Counting ...
#D
D
void main() { import std.range, std.conv;   string s1 = "hello"; // UTF-8 assert(s1.retro.text == "olleh");   wstring s2 = "hello"w; // UTF-16 assert(s2.retro.wtext == "olleh"w);   dstring s3 = "hello"d; // UTF-32 assert(s3.retro.dtext == "olleh"d);   // without using std.range: dstring s4 = "hello"d; assert(...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Ruby
Ruby
File.rename('input.txt', 'output.txt') File.rename('/input.txt', '/output.txt') File.rename('docs', 'mydocs') File.rename('/docs', '/mydocs')
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Run_BASIC
Run BASIC
a$ = shell$("RENAME input.txt output.txt") a$ = shell$("RENAME docs mydocs") a$ = shell$("RENAME \input.txt \output.txt") a$ = shell$("RENAME \docs \mydocs")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_words_in_a_string
Reverse words in a string
Task Reverse the order of all tokens in each of a number of strings and display the result;   the order of characters within a token should not be modified. Example Hey you, Bub!   would be shown reversed as:   Bub! you, Hey Tokens are any non-space characters separated by spaces (formally, white-space);   t...
#Quackery
Quackery
' [ $ " ---------- Ice and Fire ------------ " $ "" $ " fire, in end will world the say Some " $ " ice. in say Some " $ " desire of tasted I've what From " $ " fire. favor who those with hold I " $ "" $ " ... elided paragraph last ... ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_words_in_a_string
Reverse words in a string
Task Reverse the order of all tokens in each of a number of strings and display the result;   the order of characters within a token should not be modified. Example Hey you, Bub!   would be shown reversed as:   Bub! you, Hey Tokens are any non-space characters separated by spaces (formally, white-space);   t...
#R
R
  whack <- function(s) { paste( rev( unlist(strsplit(s, " "))), collapse=' ' ) }   poem <- unlist( strsplit( '------------ Eldorado ----------   ... here omitted lines ...   Mountains the "Over Moon, the Of Shadow, the of Valley the Down ride," boldly Ride, replied,--- shade The Eldorado!" for seek you "If   Poe Edga...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rot-13
Rot-13
Task Implement a   rot-13   function   (or procedure, class, subroutine, or other "callable" object as appropriate to your programming environment). Optionally wrap this function in a utility program   (like tr,   which acts like a common UNIX utility, performing a line-by-line rot-13 encoding of every line of inpu...
#TorqueScript
TorqueScript
function rot13(%string) { %alph = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; %len = strLen(%string);   for(%a = 0; %a < %len; %a++) { %char = getSubStr(%string,%a,1); %pos = striPos(%alph, %char);   if(%pos < 0) %out = %out @ %char; else { if(strPos(%alph, %char) < 0) %out = %out @ strUpr(getSubStr(%alph, (%...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Roman_numerals/Encode
Roman numerals/Encode
Task Create a function taking a positive integer as its parameter and returning a string containing the Roman numeral representation of that integer. Modern Roman numerals are written by expressing each digit separately, starting with the left most digit and skipping any digit with a value of zero. In Roman numeral...
#Swift
Swift
func ator(var n: Int) -> String {   var result = ""   for (value, letter) in [( 1000, "M"), ( 900, "CM"), ( 500, "D"), ( 400, "CD"), ( 100, "C"), ( 90, "XC"), ( 50, "L"), ( 40, "XL"), ( 10, "X"), ( ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#Idris
Idris
strRepeat : Nat -> String -> String strRepeat Z s = "" strRepeat (S n) s = s ++ strRepeat n s   chrRepeat : Nat -> Char -> String chrRepeat Z c = "" chrRepeat (S n) c = strCons c $ chrRepeat n c
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#Inform_7
Inform 7
Home is a room.   To decide which indexed text is (T - indexed text) repeated (N - number) times: let temp be indexed text; repeat with M running from 1 to N: let temp be "[temp][T]"; decide on temp.   When play begins: say "ha" repeated 5 times; end the story.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program shows and displays examples of multiple RETURN values from a function.*/ numeric digits 70 /*the default is: NUMERIC DIGITS 9 */ parse arg a b . /*obtain two numbers from command line.*/ if a=='' | a=="," then a= 82 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_duplicate_elements
Remove duplicate elements
Sorting Algorithm This is a sorting algorithm.   It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.     For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.   For other sorting algorithms,   see sorting algorithms,   or: O(n logn) sorts Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort O(n log2n) sorts Shell Sort ...
#Gambas
Gambas
Public Sub Main() Dim sString As String[] = Split("Now is the time for all the good men to come to the aid of the good party 1 2 1 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 33 2 5 4 333 5", " ") Dim sFix As New String[] Dim sTemp As String   For Each sTemp In sString sTemp &= " " If InStr(sFix.Join(" ") & " ", sTemp) Then Continue sFix....
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Recaman%27s_sequence
Recaman's sequence
The Recamán's sequence generates Natural numbers. Starting from a(0)=0, the n'th term a(n), where n>0, is the previous term minus n i.e a(n) = a(n-1) - n but only if this is both positive and has not been previousely generated. If the conditions don't hold then a(n) = a(n-1) + n. Task Generate and show here the...
#Ruby
Ruby
require 'set'   a = [0] used = Set[0] used1000 = Set[0] foundDup = false n = 1 while n <= 15 or not foundDup or used1000.size < 1001 nxt = a[n - 1] - n if nxt < 1 or used === nxt then nxt = nxt + 2 * n end alreadyUsed = used === nxt a << nxt if not alreadyUsed then used << nxt ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reduced_row_echelon_form
Reduced row echelon form
Reduced row echelon form You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Show how to compute the reduced row echelon form (a.k.a. row canonical form) of a matrix. The matrix can be stored in any datatype that is convenient (for most languages, this wil...
#Maple
Maple
  with(LinearAlgebra):   ReducedRowEchelonForm(<<1,2,-2>|<2,3,0>|<-1,-1,-3>|<-4,-11,22>>);  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#Icon_and_Unicon
Icon and Unicon
link numbers # for floor and ceil   procedure main() write("e=",&e) write("pi=",&pi) write("phi=",&phi) write("sqrt(2)=",sqrt(2.0)) write("log(e)=",log(&e)) write("log(100.,10)=",log(100,10)) write("exp(1)=",exp(1.0)) write("abs(-2)=",abs(-2)) write("floor(-2.2)=",floor(-2.2)) write("ceil(-2.2)=",ceil(-2.2)) write("po...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Racket
Racket
  #lang racket (define (remove-lines file from num) (define lines (file->lines file)) (define-values [pfx rest] (split-at lines (sub1 from))) (display-lines-to-file (append pfx (drop rest num)) file #:exists 'replace))  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Raku
Raku
sub MAIN ($filename, $beg, $len) { my @lines = split /^^/, slurp $filename; unlink $filename; # or rename splice(@lines,$beg,$len) == $len or warn "Too few lines"; spurt $filename, @lines; }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#LabVIEW
LabVIEW
'foo.txt slurp
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#Lang5
Lang5
'foo.txt slurp
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Ring
Ring
  # Project : Rep-string   test = ["1001110011", "1110111011", "0010010010", "1010101010", "1111111111", "0100101101", "0100100", "101", "11", "00", "1"]   for n = 1 to len(test) strend = "" for m=1 to len(test[n]) strbegin ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Ruby
Ruby
ar = %w(1001110011 1110111011 0010010010 1010101010 1111111111 0100101101 0100100 101 11 00 1)   ar.each do |str| rep_pos = (str.size/2).downto(1).find{|pos| str.start_with? str[pos..-1]} puts str, rep_pos ? " "*rep_pos + str[0, rep_pos...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#R
R
pattern <- "string" text1 <- "this is a matching string" text2 <- "this does not match"
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#Racket
Racket
  #lang racket   (define s "I am a string")   (when (regexp-match? #rx"string$" s) (displayln "Ends with 'string'."))   (unless (regexp-match? #rx"^You" s) (displayln "Does not start with 'You'."))   (displayln (regexp-replace " a " s " another "))  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_a_string
Reverse a string
Task Take a string and reverse it. For example, "asdf" becomes "fdsa". Extra credit Preserve Unicode combining characters. For example, "as⃝df̅" becomes "f̅ds⃝a", not "̅fd⃝sa". Other tasks related to string operations: Metrics Array length String length Copy a string Empty string  (assignment) Counting ...
#Dart
Dart
String reverse(String s) => new String.fromCharCodes(s.runes.toList().reversed);
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Rust
Rust
  use std::fs;   fn main() { let err = "File move error"; fs::rename("input.txt", "output.txt").ok().expect(err); fs::rename("docs", "mydocs").ok().expect(err); fs::rename("/input.txt", "/output.txt").ok().expect(err); fs::rename("/docs", "/mydocs").ok().expect(err); }  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Scala
Scala
import scala.language.implicitConversions import java.io.File   object Rename0 { def main(args: Array[String]) { // The implicit causes every String to File mapping, implicit def file(s: String) = new File(s) // will be converted to new File(String) "myfile.txt" renameTo "anotherfile.txt" "/t...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_words_in_a_string
Reverse words in a string
Task Reverse the order of all tokens in each of a number of strings and display the result;   the order of characters within a token should not be modified. Example Hey you, Bub!   would be shown reversed as:   Bub! you, Hey Tokens are any non-space characters separated by spaces (formally, white-space);   t...
#Racket
Racket
#lang racket/base   (require racket/string)   (define (split-reverse str) (string-join (reverse (string-split str))))   (define poem "---------- Ice and Fire ------------   fire, in end will world the say Some ice. in say Some desire of tasted I've what From fire. favor who those with hold I   ... elided ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rot-13
Rot-13
Task Implement a   rot-13   function   (or procedure, class, subroutine, or other "callable" object as appropriate to your programming environment). Optionally wrap this function in a utility program   (like tr,   which acts like a common UNIX utility, performing a line-by-line rot-13 encoding of every line of inpu...
#TXR
TXR
@(deffilter rot13 ("a" "n") ("b" "o") ("c" "p") ("d" "q") ("e" "r") ("f" "s") ("g" "t") ("h" "u") ("i" "v") ("j" "w") ("k" "x") ("l" "y") ("m" "z") ("n" "a") ("o" "b") ("p" "c") ("q" "d") ("r" "e") ("s" "f") ("t" "g") ("u" "h") ("v" "i") ("w" "j") ("x" "k") ("y" "l") ("z" "m") ("A" "N") ("B" "O") ("C" "...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Roman_numerals/Encode
Roman numerals/Encode
Task Create a function taking a positive integer as its parameter and returning a string containing the Roman numeral representation of that integer. Modern Roman numerals are written by expressing each digit separately, starting with the left most digit and skipping any digit with a value of zero. In Roman numeral...
#Tailspin
Tailspin
  def digits: [(M:1000"1"), (CM:900"1"), (D:500"1"), (CD:400"1"), (C:100"1"), (XC:90"1"), (L:50"1"), (XL:40"1"), (X:10"1"), (IX:9"1"), (V:5"1"), (IV:4"1"), (I:1"1")]; templates encodeRoman @: 1; '$ -> #;' ! when <$digits($@)::value..> do $digits($@)::key ! $ - $digits($@)::value -> # when <1..> do @...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#IS-BASIC
IS-BASIC
10 PRINT STRING$("ha",5) 100 DEF STRING$(S$,N) 105 LET ST$="" 110 FOR I=1 TO N 120 LET ST$=ST$&S$ 130 NEXT 140 LET STRING$=ST$ 150 END DEF
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#J
J
5 # '*' NB. repeat each item 5 times ***** 5 # 'ha' NB. repeat each item 5 times hhhhhaaaaa 5 ((* #) $ ]) 'ha' NB. repeat array 5 times hahahahaha 5 ;@# < 'ha' NB. using boxing to treat the array as a whole hahahahaha
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Ring
Ring
  Func AddSub x,y Return [ x+y, x-y ]  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Ruby
Ruby
def addsub(x, y) [x + y, x - y] end
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_duplicate_elements
Remove duplicate elements
Sorting Algorithm This is a sorting algorithm.   It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.     For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.   For other sorting algorithms,   see sorting algorithms,   or: O(n logn) sorts Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort O(n log2n) sorts Shell Sort ...
#GAP
GAP
# Built-in, using sets (which are also lists) a := [ 1, 2, 3, 1, [ 4 ], 5, 5, [4], 6 ]; # [ 1, 2, 3, 1, [ 4 ], 5, 5, [ 4 ], 6 ] b := Set(a); # [ 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, [ 4 ] ] IsSet(b); # true IsList(b); # true
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Recaman%27s_sequence
Recaman's sequence
The Recamán's sequence generates Natural numbers. Starting from a(0)=0, the n'th term a(n), where n>0, is the previous term minus n i.e a(n) = a(n-1) - n but only if this is both positive and has not been previousely generated. If the conditions don't hold then a(n) = a(n-1) + n. Task Generate and show here the...
#Scala
Scala
import scala.collection.mutable   object RecamansSequence extends App { val (a, used) = (mutable.ArrayBuffer[Int](0), mutable.BitSet()) var (foundDup, hop, nUsed1000) = (false, 1, 0)   while (nUsed1000 < 1000) { val _next = a(hop - 1) - hop val next = if (_next < 1 || used.contains(_next)) _next + 2 * hop...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reduced_row_echelon_form
Reduced row echelon form
Reduced row echelon form You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Show how to compute the reduced row echelon form (a.k.a. row canonical form) of a matrix. The matrix can be stored in any datatype that is convenient (for most languages, this wil...
#Mathematica.2FWolfram_Language
Mathematica/Wolfram Language
RowReduce[{{1, 2, -1, -4}, {2, 3, -1, -11}, {-2, 0, -3, 22}}]
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#J
J
e =. 1x1 NB. Euler's number, specified as a numeric literal. e =. ^ 1 NB. Euler's number, computed by exponentiation. pi=. 1p1 NB. pi, specified as a numeric literal. pi=. o.1 NB. pi, computed trigonometrically. magnitude_of_x =. |x floor_of_x =. <.x ceiling_of_x =. >.x natural_log_of_x =. ^.x base_...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#Java
Java
Math.E; //e Math.PI; //pi Math.sqrt(x); //square root--cube root also available (cbrt) Math.log(x); //natural logarithm--log base 10 also available (log10) Math.exp(x); //exponential Math.abs(x); //absolute value Math.floor(x); //floor Math.ceil(x); //ceiling Math.pow(x,y); //power
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program reads and writes a specified file and delete(s) specified record(s). */ parse arg iFID ',' N "," many . /*input FID, start of delete, how many.*/ if iFID='' then call er "no input fileID specified." /*oops.*/ if N='' then call er "no start number spec...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#Lasso
Lasso
local(f) = file('foo.txt') #f->readString
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#LFE
LFE
  (set `#(ok ,data) (file:read_file "myfile.txt"))  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Rust
Rust
fn main() { let strings = vec![ String::from("1001110011"), String::from("1110111011"), String::from("0010010010"), String::from("1010101010"), String::from("1111111111"), String::from("0100101101"), String::from("0100100"), String::from("101"), ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Scala
Scala
object RepString extends App { def repsOf(s: String) = s.trim match { case s if s.length < 2 => Nil case s => (1 to (s.length/2)).map(s take _) .filter(_ * s.length take s.length equals s) }   val tests = Array( "1001110011", "1110111011", "0010010010", "1010101010", "111111111...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#Raku
Raku
if 'a long string' ~~ /string$/ { say "It ends with 'string'"; }   # substitution has a few nifty features   $_ = 'The quick Brown fox'; s:g:samecase/\w+/xxx/; .say; # output: # Xxx xxx Xxx xxx  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_a_string
Reverse a string
Task Take a string and reverse it. For example, "asdf" becomes "fdsa". Extra credit Preserve Unicode combining characters. For example, "as⃝df̅" becomes "f̅ds⃝a", not "̅fd⃝sa". Other tasks related to string operations: Metrics Array length String length Copy a string Empty string  (assignment) Counting ...
#DBL
DBL
K= STR_OUT= FOR J=%TRIM(STR_IN) STEP -1 UNTIL 1 DO BEGIN INCR K STR_OUT(K:1)=STR_IN(J:1) END  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Scheme
Scheme
(rename-file "input.txt" "output.txt") (rename-file "docs" "mydocs") (rename-file "/input.txt" "/output.txt") (rename-file "/docs" "/mydocs")
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i"; include "osfiles.s7i";   const proc: main is func begin moveFile("input.txt", "output.txt"); moveFile("docs", "mydocs"); moveFile("/input.txt", "/output.txt"); moveFile("/docs", "/mydocs"); end func;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_words_in_a_string
Reverse words in a string
Task Reverse the order of all tokens in each of a number of strings and display the result;   the order of characters within a token should not be modified. Example Hey you, Bub!   would be shown reversed as:   Bub! you, Hey Tokens are any non-space characters separated by spaces (formally, white-space);   t...
#Raku
Raku
say ~.words.reverse for lines
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rot-13
Rot-13
Task Implement a   rot-13   function   (or procedure, class, subroutine, or other "callable" object as appropriate to your programming environment). Optionally wrap this function in a utility program   (like tr,   which acts like a common UNIX utility, performing a line-by-line rot-13 encoding of every line of inpu...
#UNIX_Shell
UNIX Shell
tr \ 'NOWHERE AZ clerk IRAQ faber gnat ABJURER NM pyrex VEND snore tang'\ 'abjurer nm PYREX vend SNORE TANG nowhere az CLERK iraq FABER GNAT' \ 'ABJURER NM pyrex VEND snore tang NOWHERE AZ clerk IRAQ faber gnat'\ 'nowhere az CLERK iraq FABER GNAT abjurer nm PYREX vend SNORE TANG'  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Roman_numerals/Encode
Roman numerals/Encode
Task Create a function taking a positive integer as its parameter and returning a string containing the Roman numeral representation of that integer. Modern Roman numerals are written by expressing each digit separately, starting with the left most digit and skipping any digit with a value of zero. In Roman numeral...
#Tcl
Tcl
proc to_roman {i} { set map {1000 M 900 CM 500 D 400 CD 100 C 90 XC 50 L 40 XL 10 X 9 IX 5 V 4 IV 1 I} foreach {value roman} $map { while {$i >= $value} { append res $roman incr i -$value } } return $res }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#Java
Java
public static String repeat(String str, int times) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(str.length() * times); for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) sb.append(str); return sb.toString(); }   public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(repeat("ha", 5)); }
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Run_BASIC
Run BASIC
a$ = timeInfo$() print " UTC:";word$(a$,1,"|") print "Date:";word$(a$,2,"|") print "Time:";word$(a$,3,"|") wait function timeInfo$() utc$ = word$(word$(httpget$("http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/cgi-bin/timer.pl"),1,"UTC"),2,"<BR>") ' Universal time d$ = date$() t$ = time$() timeInfo$ = utc$;"|";d$;"|";t$ end function
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Rust
Rust
fn multi_hello() -> (&'static str, i32) { ("Hello",42) }   fn main() { let (str,num)=multi_hello(); println!("{},{}",str,num); }  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_duplicate_elements
Remove duplicate elements
Sorting Algorithm This is a sorting algorithm.   It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.     For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.   For other sorting algorithms,   see sorting algorithms,   or: O(n logn) sorts Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort O(n log2n) sorts Shell Sort ...
#Go
Go
package main   import "fmt"   func uniq(list []int) []int { unique_set := make(map[int]bool, len(list)) for _, x := range list { unique_set[x] = true } result := make([]int, 0, len(unique_set)) for x := range unique_set { result = append(result, x) } return result }   func main() { fmt.Println(uniq([]int{1,...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Recaman%27s_sequence
Recaman's sequence
The Recamán's sequence generates Natural numbers. Starting from a(0)=0, the n'th term a(n), where n>0, is the previous term minus n i.e a(n) = a(n-1) - n but only if this is both positive and has not been previousely generated. If the conditions don't hold then a(n) = a(n-1) + n. Task Generate and show here the...
#Scheme
Scheme
; Create a dynamically resizing vector (a "dynvec"). ; Returns a procedure that takes a variable number of arguments: ; 0 : () --> Returns the vector from index 0 through the maximum index set. ; 1 : (inx) --> Returns the value at the given index. ; 2 : (inx val) --> Sets the given value into the given index, and retur...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reduced_row_echelon_form
Reduced row echelon form
Reduced row echelon form You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Show how to compute the reduced row echelon form (a.k.a. row canonical form) of a matrix. The matrix can be stored in any datatype that is convenient (for most languages, this wil...
#MATLAB
MATLAB
rref([1, 2, -1, -4; 2, 3, -1, -11; -2, 0, -3, 22])
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#JavaScript
JavaScript
Math.E Math.PI Math.sqrt(x) Math.log(x) Math.exp(x) Math.abs(x) Math.floor(x) Math.ceil(x) Math.pow(x,y)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Ring
Ring
  cStr = read("C:\Ring\bin\filename.txt") aList = str2list(cStr) see aList + nl lineStart = 3 lineCount = 5 num = -1 for n = lineStart to lineStart+lineCount-1 num += 1 del(aList,n-num) next cStr = list2str(aList) see cStr + nl write("C:\Ring\bin\filename.txt",cStr)  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Ruby
Ruby
require 'tempfile'   def remove_lines(filename, start, num) tmp = Tempfile.open(filename) do |fp| File.foreach(filename) do |line| if $. >= start and num > 0 num -= 1 else fp.puts line end end fp end puts "Warning: End of file encountered before all lines removed" if ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#Liberty_BASIC
Liberty BASIC
filedialog "Open a Text File","*.txt",file$ if file$<>"" then open file$ for input as #1 entire$ = input$(#1, lof(#1)) close #1 print entire$ end if
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#Lingo
Lingo
---------------------------------------- -- Reads whole file, returns string -- @param {string} tFile -- @return {string|false} ---------------------------------------- on readFile (tFile) fp = xtra("fileIO").new() fp.openFile(tFile, 1) if fp.status() then return false res = fp.readFile() fp.closeFile() ret...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Seed7
Seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";   const func integer: repeatLength (in string: text) is func result var integer: length is 0; local var integer: pos is 0; begin for pos range succ(length(text) div 2) downto 1 until length <> 0 do if startsWith(text, text[pos ..]) then length := pred(pos); ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Sidef
Sidef
var arr = <1001110011 1110111011 0010010010 1010101010 1111111111 0100101101 0100100 101 11 00 1>;   arr.each { |n| if (var m = /^(.+)\1+(.*$)(?(?{ substr($1, 0, length $2) eq $2 })|(?!))/.match(n)) { var i = m[0].len; say (n.substr(0, i), n.substr(i, i)...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#Raven
Raven
'i am a string' as str
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#REBOL
REBOL
rebol [ Title: "Regular Expression Matching" URL: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expression_matching ]   string: "This is a string."   ; REBOL doesn't use a conventional Perl-compatible regular expression ; syntax. Instead, it uses a variant Parsing Expression Grammar with ; the 'parse' function. It's also not l...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_a_string
Reverse a string
Task Take a string and reverse it. For example, "asdf" becomes "fdsa". Extra credit Preserve Unicode combining characters. For example, "as⃝df̅" becomes "f̅ds⃝a", not "̅fd⃝sa". Other tasks related to string operations: Metrics Array length String length Copy a string Empty string  (assignment) Counting ...
#Dc
Dc
22405534230753963835153736737 [ 256 ~ d SS 0<F LS SR 1+ ] d sF x 1 - [ 1 - d 0<F 256 * LR + ] d sF x P
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Sidef
Sidef
# Here File.rename('input.txt', 'output.txt'); File.rename('docs', 'mydocs');   # Root dir File.rename(Dir.root + %f'input.txt', Dir.root + %f'output.txt'); File.rename(Dir.root + %f'docs', Dir.root + %f'mydocs');
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Slate
Slate
(File newNamed: 'input.txt') renameTo: 'output.txt'. (File newNamed: '/input.txt') renameTo: '/output.txt'. (Directory newNamed: 'docs') renameTo: 'mydocs'. (Directory newNamed: '/docs') renameTo: '/mydocs'.
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_words_in_a_string
Reverse words in a string
Task Reverse the order of all tokens in each of a number of strings and display the result;   the order of characters within a token should not be modified. Example Hey you, Bub!   would be shown reversed as:   Bub! you, Hey Tokens are any non-space characters separated by spaces (formally, white-space);   t...
#Red
Red
Red [] foreach line split {---------- Ice and Fire ------------   fire, in end will world the say Some ice. in say Some desire of tasted I've what From fire. favor who those with hold I   ... elided paragraph last ...   Frost Robert -----------------------} newline [ print reverse split line " " ]  
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_words_in_a_string
Reverse words in a string
Task Reverse the order of all tokens in each of a number of strings and display the result;   the order of characters within a token should not be modified. Example Hey you, Bub!   would be shown reversed as:   Bub! you, Hey Tokens are any non-space characters separated by spaces (formally, white-space);   t...
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program reverses the order of tokens in a string (but not the letters).*/ @.=; @.1 = "---------- Ice and Fire ------------" @.2 = ' ' @.3 = "fire, in end will world the say Some" @.4 = "ice. in say Some" ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rot-13
Rot-13
Task Implement a   rot-13   function   (or procedure, class, subroutine, or other "callable" object as appropriate to your programming environment). Optionally wrap this function in a utility program   (like tr,   which acts like a common UNIX utility, performing a line-by-line rot-13 encoding of every line of inpu...
#Unlambda
Unlambda
``ci`d``@i`c``s`d```?aic.n``s`d```?bic.o``s`d```?cic.p``s`d```?dic.q``s`d```?eic .r``s`d```?fic.s``s`d```?gic.t``s`d```?hic.u``s`d```?iic.v``s`d```?jic.w``s`d``` ?kic.x``s`d```?lic.y``s`d```?mic.z``s`d```?nic.a``s`d```?oic.b``s`d```?pic.c``s` d```?qic.d``s`d```?ric.e``s`d```?sic.f``s`d```?tic.g``s`d```?uic.h``s`d```?vi...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Roman_numerals/Encode
Roman numerals/Encode
Task Create a function taking a positive integer as its parameter and returning a string containing the Roman numeral representation of that integer. Modern Roman numerals are written by expressing each digit separately, starting with the left most digit and skipping any digit with a value of zero. In Roman numeral...
#TI-83_BASIC
TI-83 BASIC
PROGRAM:DEC2ROM :"="→Str1 :Lbl ST :ClrHome :Disp "NUMBER TO" :Disp "CONVERT:" :Input A :If fPart(A) or A≠abs(A) :Then :Goto PI :End :A→B :While B≥1000 :Str1+"M"→Str1 :B-1000→B :End :If B≥900 :Then :Str1+"CM"→Str1 :B-900→B :End :If B≥500 :Then :Str1+"D"→Str1 :B-500→B :End :If B≥400 :Then :Str1+"CD"?Str1 :B-400→B :End :W...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#JavaScript
JavaScript
String.prototype.repeat = function(n) { return new Array(1 + (n || 0)).join(this); }   console.log("ha".repeat(5)); // hahahahaha
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Repeat_a_string
Repeat a string
Take a string and repeat it some number of times. Example: repeat("ha", 5)   =>   "hahahahaha" If there is a simpler/more efficient way to repeat a single “character” (i.e. creating a string filled with a certain character), you might want to show that as well (i.e. repeat-char("*", 5) => "*****"). Other tasks re...
#jq
jq
"a " * 3' # => "a a a "
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Scala
Scala
def addSubMult(x: Int, y: Int) = (x + y, x - y, x * y)
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Return_multiple_values
Return multiple values
Task Show how to return more than one value from a function.
#Scheme
Scheme
(define (addsub x y) (values (+ x y) (- x y)))
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_duplicate_elements
Remove duplicate elements
Sorting Algorithm This is a sorting algorithm.   It may be applied to a set of data in order to sort it.     For comparing various sorts, see compare sorts.   For other sorting algorithms,   see sorting algorithms,   or: O(n logn) sorts Heap sort | Merge sort | Patience sort | Quick sort O(n log2n) sorts Shell Sort ...
#Groovy
Groovy
def list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c', 2, 3, 4, 'b', 'c', 'd'] assert list.size() == 12 println " Original List: ${list}"   // Filtering the List (non-mutating) def list2 = list.unique(false) assert list2.size() == 8 assert list.size() == 12 println " Filtered List: ${list2}"   // Filtering the Lis...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Recaman%27s_sequence
Recaman's sequence
The Recamán's sequence generates Natural numbers. Starting from a(0)=0, the n'th term a(n), where n>0, is the previous term minus n i.e a(n) = a(n-1) - n but only if this is both positive and has not been previousely generated. If the conditions don't hold then a(n) = a(n-1) + n. Task Generate and show here the...
#Sidef
Sidef
func recamans_generator() {   var term = 0 var prev = 0 var seen = Hash()   { var this = (prev - term)   if ((this <= 0) || seen{this}) { this = (prev + term) }   prev = this seen{this} = true term++ this } }   with (recamans_genera...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reduced_row_echelon_form
Reduced row echelon form
Reduced row echelon form You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know. Task Show how to compute the reduced row echelon form (a.k.a. row canonical form) of a matrix. The matrix can be stored in any datatype that is convenient (for most languages, this wil...
#Maxima
Maxima
rref(a):=block([p,q,k],[p,q]:matrix_size(a),a:echelon(a), k:min(p,q), for i thru min(p,q) do (if a[i,i]=0 then (k:i-1,return())), for i:k thru 2 step -1 do (for j from i-1 thru 1 step -1 do a:rowop(a,j,i,a[j,i])), a)$   a: matrix([12,-27,36,44,59], [26,41,-54,24,23], [33,70,59,15,-68...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#jq
jq
  1 | exp # i.e. e 1 | atan * 4 # i.e. π sqrt log # Naperian log exp length # absolute value if the argument is numeric floor ceil # requires jq >= 1.5 pow(x; y) # requires jq >= 1.5
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Real_constants_and_functions
Real constants and functions
Task Show how to use the following math constants and functions in your language   (if not available, note it):   e   (base of the natural logarithm)   π {\displaystyle \pi }   square root   logarithm   (any base allowed)   exponential   (ex )   absolute value   (a.k.a. "magnitude")   floor   (largest ...
#Jsish
Jsish
/* real constants and functions, in JSI */ var x, y;   ;Math.E; ;Math.PI;   ;x = 100.0; ;Math.sqrt(x); ;Math.log(x);   ;x = 2.0; ;Math.exp(x);   ;x = -x; ;Math.abs(x);   ;x = 42.42; ;Math.floor(x); ;Math.ceil(x);   ;x = 10.0; ;y = 5; ;Math.pow(x,y);   /* =!EXPECTSTART!= Math.E ==> 2.718281828459045 Math.PI ==> 3.141592...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Run_BASIC
Run BASIC
fileName$ = "aFile.txt" startLine = 100 lineCount = 10   open filename$ for input as #in open filename$ ; "_tmp" for output as #out   while not(eof(#in)) lineNum = lineNum + 1 line input #in, a$ if lineNum < startLine or lineNum >= startLine + lineCount then print #out, a$ wend close #in close #out
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Remove_lines_from_a_file
Remove lines from a file
Task Remove a specific line or a number of lines from a file. This should be implemented as a routine that takes three parameters (filename, starting line, and the number of lines to be removed). For the purpose of this task, line numbers and the number of lines start at one, so to remove the first two lines from th...
#Rust
Rust
extern crate rustc_serialize; extern crate docopt;   use docopt::Docopt;   use std::io::{BufReader,BufRead}; use std::fs::File;   const USAGE: &'static str = " Usage: rosetta <start> <count> <file> ";   #[derive(Debug, RustcDecodable)] struct Args { arg_start: usize, arg_count: usize, arg_file: String, }   ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#LiveCode
LiveCode
put URL "file:///usr/share/dict/words" into tVar put the number of lines of tVar
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Read_entire_file
Read entire file
Task Load the entire contents of some text file as a single string variable. If applicable, discuss: encoding selection, the possibility of memory-mapping. Of course, in practice one should avoid reading an entire file at once if the file is large and the task can be accomplished incrementally instead (in which case...
#Lua
Lua
  --If the file opens with no problems, io.open will return a --handle to the file with methods attached. --If the file does not exist, io.open will return nil and --an error message. --assert will return the handle to the file if present, or --it will throw an error with the message returned second --by io.open. local...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Snobol4
Snobol4
* Rep-string strings = "1001110011 1110111011 0010010010 1010101010 1111111111 0100101101 0100100 101 11 00 1 " pat1 = (len(1) $ fc breakx(*fc)) $ x *x (arbno(*x) (rpos(0) | rem $ y *?(x ? y))) getstring strings ? (break(" ") . rs len(1)) = :f(end) rs ? pat1 :s(yes) output = rs " is not a rep-string -> n/a" :(gets...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rep-string
Rep-string
Given a series of ones and zeroes in a string, define a repeated string or rep-string as a string which is created by repeating a substring of the first N characters of the string truncated on the right to the length of the input string, and in which the substring appears repeated at least twice in the original. For e...
#Swift
Swift
import Foundation   func repString(_ input: String) -> [String] { return (1..<(1 + input.count / 2)).compactMap({x -> String? in let i = input.index(input.startIndex, offsetBy: x) return input.hasPrefix(input[i...]) ? String(input.prefix(x)) : nil }) }   let testCases = """ 1001110011 ...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Regular_expressions
Regular expressions
Task   match a string against a regular expression   substitute part of a string using a regular expression
#REXX
REXX
/*REXX program demonstrates testing (modeled after Perl example).*/ $string="I am a string" say 'The string is:' $string x="string" ; if right($string,length(x))=x then say 'It ends with:' x y="You"  ; if left($string,length(y))\=y then say 'It does not s...
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Reverse_a_string
Reverse a string
Task Take a string and reverse it. For example, "asdf" becomes "fdsa". Extra credit Preserve Unicode combining characters. For example, "as⃝df̅" becomes "f̅ds⃝a", not "̅fd⃝sa". Other tasks related to string operations: Metrics Array length String length Copy a string Empty string  (assignment) Counting ...
#Delphi
Delphi
function ReverseString(const InString: string): string; var i: integer; begin for i := Length(InString) downto 1 do Result := Result + InString[i]; end;
http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Rename_a_file
Rename a file
Task Rename:   a file called     input.txt     into     output.txt     and   a directory called     docs     into     mydocs. This should be done twice:   once "here", i.e. in the current working directory and once in the filesystem root. It can be assumed that the user has the rights to do so. (In unix-type s...
#Smalltalk
Smalltalk
File rename: 'input.txt' to: 'output.txt'. File rename: 'docs' to: 'mydocs'. "as for other example, this works on systems where the root is / ..." File rename: '/input.txt' to: '/output.txt'. File rename: '/docs' to: '/mydocs'